BRACE Steering Committee Meeting

9-11 January 2013

HEA Baselines for Project Monitoring and Evaluation

Additional Slides

InformationReference year: Sept 2011 – Aug 2012

Ironstone Plateau LZ

Western Floodplains

LZ

Total

Country level meetings Agricultural data + local measuresLivestock dataMarket PricesPopulationRainfall

2 5 7

Market interviews Market pricesTrading volumes and routesSupply chains

2 2 4

Key informant focus groups at village level (8-10 participants per interview)

Yields and agricultural supportMilk yields and livestock migrationSeasonal calendarsWealth group breakdownTimeline

8 villages = 8 interviews (x 10 participants =

80 people interviewed)

8 villages = 8 interviews (80

people interviewed

16 interviews

(160 people)

Household representative focus groups by wealth group (6-8 participants per interview)

Sources of food (12 months)Sources of income (12 months)Expenditure (12 months)

8 villages x 4 wealth groups = 32 interviews (x 8 participants

per wealth group = 256

people interviewed)

8 villages x 4 wealth groups

= 32 interviews (256 people interviewed)

64 interviews

(512 people)

Zone I: Ironstone Plateau

Wealth Group

HH size Land cultivated

Livestock + Assets

Harvest + Income

Very Poor

5 0 – 0.8 feddans

0-4 hens Annual income SSP 2,500-3,500Harvest lasted 3 months

Poor 6 0.81 – 1.5 feddans

0-3 goats5-6 hens

Annual income SSP 3,600-4,500Harvest lasted 5 months

Middle-Income

7-10 1.51 -2.5 feddans

4-6 goats0-4 sheep0-4 cattle

Annual income SSP 4,600-7,000Harvest lasted 5 months

Better-off 11-15 2.51 plus feddans

7 + goats5 + sheep5 + cattle1 fishing net

Annual income SSP 7,100 +Harvest lasted 6 months

• Sales of firewood, charcoal and grass (VP,P)

• Local agricultural labour (i.e., in the green belt) (VP, P)

• Crop sales and sales of dried fish (M,B/O)

• Sale of livestock and livestock products (M, B/O)

Main sources of income 2011-12The Ironstone Plateau is located in the west. A number of counties fall in the zone including parts of Aweil West, Wau, Yirol, Tonj, Cuibet, Rumbek, Terekeka and Mundri. The zone is mostly agricultural. Sorghum, sesame and groundnuts are the principal crops supplemented by maize, cowpeas, pumpkin seeds, cassava and okra. Wild foods and fish comprise an estimated 25-35% of household annual food needs. Shea nut oil is particularly important in addition to wild yams, honey, desert date and palms. Fish are caught during the dry season from rivers then dried and eaten during the hunger season. The Ironstone Plateau receives between 950 – 1300 mm rainfall on average. However, due to shallow and poor soils the zone suffers serious water problems. Tsetse fly for livestock and sleeping sickness for humans are two health challenges as is river blindness.

Wealth Characteristics 2011-12

Ironstone Plateau Expenditures by Wealth Group

Spending on Livelihood Inputs, 2011-12

Other Items includes primarily tobacco but also festivals and social obligations

SSP

EXPENDITURES in SSP Very Poor Poor Middle Better-offStaple food 756 1093 1380 1300Non-staple food 558 776 1436 1664

Tea 30 40 50 220

Salt 120 120 120 130

Soap 200 280 280 350

Kerosene

Grinding

Water for humans

Firewood 100

Utensils 50 75 75 150

Animal drugs 150

Salt for animals

Water for animals

Ploughing

Seeds 50 50 130 100

Fertilizer

Pesticides

Labour 450

Livestock restocking 40 550 650

Other essential inputs

Other inputs (tools) 60 265 110 150

School 225 275 350 400

Medicine 225 200 225 750

Clothing 230 240 400 900

Tax

Gifts

Transport

Other items 50 90 275 815

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

Very Poor Poor Middle Better-off

Other inputs (tools)

Labour

Livestock Purchase

Seeds

Animal drugs

SSP

Zone 2: Western Floodplains

Wealth Group

HH size Land cultivated

Livestock + Assets Harvest + Income

Very Poor

3-4 0 – 0.5 feddans

0-3 goats0-4 hens

Annual income SSP 1,500-4,500Harvest lasted 3 months

Poor 5-6 0.51 – 0.99 feddans

4-9 goats0-4 sheep0-5 cattle

Annual income SSP 4,600-6,500Harvest lasted 4-5 months

Middle-Income

7-9 1 -1.99 feddans

10-29 goats5-19 sheep6-30 cattle

Annual income SSP 6,600-9,500Harvest lasted 5-6 months

Better-off 10-15 2 plus feddans

30 + goats20 + sheep31 + cattle5-10 fish nets

Annual income SSP 9,600 +Harvest lasted 6-8 months

• Sale of fresh fish (VP,P, M, B/O)• Sales of charcoal & firewood; wood collection; brick production, agricultural labour (VP, P)

• Sale of livestock and livestock products (M, B/O)

• Crop sales (M, B/O)

Main sources of income Sept 2011- Aug 2012The Western Floodplains LZ in the north-west is home to the Dinka. The following counties fall within the zone: Aweil, Gogrial, Twic, Rumbek, Tonj and Yirol. For the very poor and the poor, wild foods and fish are the most important food sources (40-50% of their annual food energy needs). By contrast, milk and meat are a key food source for wealthier households (25-45% of their annual food needs). Crops – such as sorghum, groundnuts, maize and sesame - supplement fish, wild plants and livestock products. Seeds, tubers and desert dates are particularly important bush foods. Seasonal migration between the lowland flood plains (toch) and the highlands (gok) is common throughout the zone. Although the rivers are a crucial resource for fishing, livestock and crops, severe flooding is also a livelihood hazard. Drought and conflicts are other hazards.

Wealth Characteristics Sept 2011- Aug 2012

Western Floodplains Expenditures by Wealth Group

EXPENDITURES in SSP Very Poor Poor Middle Better-offstaple food 985 1145 1762 1335

non-staple food 895 1720 2141 3670

Tea 110 120 190 242

Salt 72 110 140 150

Soap 210 250 290 310

Kerosene

Grinding

Water for humans

Firewood

Utensils 100 200 275 350

Animal drugs 0 33 200 460

Salt for animals

Water for animals

Ploughing

Seeds 20 105 170 175

Fertilizer

Pesticides

Labour 0 0 600 1250

Livestock restocking 0 0 1060 2400

Other essential inputs 90 160 500 1100

Other inputs (tools) 52 80 170 250

School 24 120 250 260

Medicine 90 120 220 250

Clothing 230 450 920 1100

Tax 15 30 30 40

Gifts

Transport

Other items 80 140 145 400

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

Very Poor Poor Middle Better-off

Other inputs (tools)

Other essentialinputs

Livestock restocking

Labour

Seeds

Animal drugs

Spending on Livelihood Inputs 2011-12

SSP

Other Items includes primarily tobacco but also beer, festivals and social obligations.