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Globalization: Challenges and Opportunities for Biocontrol Solutions
A perspective from Colombia, South America
Nicolás Cock DuqueCEO, Co-founder Ecoflora AgroExecutive Director Asobiocol
Contents1. Globalization: challenges for a sustainable
and competitive agriculture in LATAM
2. Colombia´s potential Contribution to Sustainable Agriculture and to Feed the World Sustainably
3. Colombia: the birth place of several global biocontrol pioneers and innovators…
4. Benefits of Biocontrol in the framework of True and Sustainable IPM
1. Globalization:
Challenges for a sustainable and competitive agriculture in LATAM
Where will we find enough food in 2050 for 9 billion?
And how will we produce it in a sustainable way…?
1. Globalization: Challenges for a sustainable and competitive agriculture in LATAM
Efficient and sustainable systems to feed the world
are imperative…
Latin America – share of global trade in food and agricultureSource: UN Comtrade, FAO, Rabobank
A key continent for global food security and climatic stability
1. Globalization: Challenges for a sustainable and competitive agriculture in LATAM
Food & agriculture exports
16%
84%
Latam Rest of world
4%
96%
Latam Rest of world
Food & agriculture importsShare of world export, avg. 2010 - 2012
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%Bananas Beef Coffee Corn Poultry Soybeans Sugar
Mexico & Central America South America
1. Globalization: Challenges for a sustainable and competitive agriculture in LATAM
Small and subsistence farming vs agro industrial farming
1. Globalization: Challenges for a sustainable and competitive agriculture in LATAM
Source: ecoosfera.com/wp-content/imagenes/Deforestation-Amazon.jpg
Free-trade vs subsidies
1. Globalization: Challenges for a sustainable and competitive agriculture in LATAM
Source: www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/figures/
projected-impact-of-climate-change
1. Globalization: Challenges for a sustainable and competitive agriculture in LATAM
Free-trade vs subsidies
Growing gaps and inequalities between rich and poor (amongst and within countries)
1. Globalization: Challenges for a sustainable and competitive agriculture in LATAM
RICH POOR
Source: http://ec.europa.eu/research/bioeconomy/images/bioeconomy_graphic_full.jpg
1. Globalization: Challenges for a sustainable and competitive agriculture in LATAM
Petroeconomy vs
Bioeconomy
Source: www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/figures/projected-impact-of-climate-change
1. Globalization: Challenges for a sustainable and competitive agriculture in LATAM
Source: ngm.nationalgeographic.com/2011/07/food-ark/food-variety-graphic
- Genetic erosion vs. GMOs
- Food safety vs. food sovereignty
- Biofuels vs. food
1. Globalization: Challenges for a sustainable and competitive agriculture in LATAM
Deforestation, agricultural frontier expansion vs. climate change and biodiversity loss and food safety
1. Globalization: Challenges for a sustainable and competitive agriculture in LATAM
How China See’s the World…
Source: The Economist march 20, 2009
2. Colombia’s potential contribution to sustainable agriculture and to feed the world sustainably
A megadiverse countryLocated in the Heart
of the Americas
Colombia is a megadiverse country:No. 1 worldwide on species diversity / Km2
2. Colombia’s potentialContribution to sustainable agriculture and to feed
the world sustainably
Source: www.procolombia.co/
2. Colombia’s potentialContribution to sustainable agriculture and to feed
the world sustainably
Colombia is part of New Geopolitical and Economic Alliances that are gaining momentum
Source: https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2015/04/the-latin-
american-economy-in-8-charts/
2. Colombia’s potentialContribution to sustainable agriculture and to feed
the world sustainably
Main crops in Colombia
Banana
Coffee
African palm
Avocado
Sugarcane
Cocoa
All
Crop
7,500
50,000
950,000
500,000
16,000
232,000
180,000
7,100,000
Cultivated Area (ha.) World Rank (Exports)
1 Production2 Exports
2
3
4
5
7 (No.1 in productivity:tons sugar/ha.)
8
New land available for farming: 6,000,000 million has.
Source: Ministry of Agriculture
2. Colombia’s potentialContribution to sustainable agriculture and to feed
the world sustainably
2. Colombia’s potentialContribution to sustainable agriculture and to feed
the world sustainably
“Colombia has enough land to become a global
food pantry…”
Challenge and opportunity of reconverting extensive inefficient cattle ranching
into sustainable productive activities
Source: Ministry of Agriculture
Current vs. Potential Land Uses(Million has.) in Colombia
104
22
11
22
11 1032
4250 48
6050403020
100
Agriculture Agroforestry Forestry Cattle ranching Natural Parks /Conservation
Land Use Vocation Current Use
Mill
ion
has.
2. Colombia’s potentialContribution to sustainable agriculture and to feed
the world sustainably
Destination of ColombianAgro Exports
Colombia exports todayto the same markets
60 %Exports 2004
2013
2. Colombia’s potentialContribution to sustainable agriculture and to feed
the world sustainably
Organic Agriculture Vs. Total Area Grown (%) in LATAM
Fren
ch G
uian
a (F
ranc
e)
Uru
guay
Dom
inic
an R
epub
lic
Mex
ico
12 34
Arg
entin
a
5
Perú
6
Mar
tiniq
ue (F
ranc
e)
7
Hon
dura
s
8
Gre
nada
9
Pana
má
10
Nic
arag
ua
11
Ecua
dor
12
Bel
ize
13
Bah
amas
14
El S
alva
dor
Cos
ta R
ica
15 16
Bol
ivia
(Plu
rinat
iona
l Sta
te o
f)
17
Gua
tem
ala
18
Bra
zil
19
Para
guay
20
Gua
delo
upe
(Fra
nce)
21H
aiti
22
Chi
le
23
Col
ombi
a
24
Surin
ame
Cub
a
Jam
aica
Surin
ame
25 26 27 28
Guy
ana
Trin
idad
and
Tob
ago
Vene
zuel
a (B
oliv
aria
n R
epub
lic o
f)
29 30 31
10,0%
9,0%
8,0%
7,0%
6,0%
5,0%
4,0%
3,0%
2,0%
1,0%
0,0%
Colombia is ranked25th in LATAM
6.78 million has of Organic Crops in
Latam/ 43.66 million of world’s total (15.5%) in 2015
Source: IFOAM and FiBL
Fren
ch G
uian
a (F
ranc
e)
Uru
guay
Falk
land
s is
land
s (M
alvi
nas)
Mex
ico
12 34
Arg
entin
a
5
Perú
6
Mar
tiniq
ue (F
ranc
e)
7
Hon
dura
s
8
Gre
nada
9
Pana
má
10
Nic
arag
ua
11
Ecua
dor
12
Bel
ize
13
Bah
amas
14
El S
alva
dor
Cos
ta R
ica
15 16
Bol
ivia
(Plu
rinat
iona
l Sta
te o
f)
17
Gua
tem
ala
18
Bra
zil
19
Para
guay
20
Gua
delo
upe
(Fra
nce)
21
Hai
ti
22
Chi
le
23 24
Surin
ame
Cub
a
Jam
aica
25 26 27 28
Puer
to R
ico
Uni
ted
Stat
es V
irgin
Isla
nds
29 30 31
3.500.000
3.000.000
2.500.000
2.000.000
1.500.000
1.000.000
500.000
0
Dom
inic
an R
epub
lic
Col
ombi
a
Dom
inic
a
Area (has.) grown in Organic Agriunturein LATAM conuntries
2. Colombia’s potentialContribution to sustainable agriculture and to feed
the world sustainably
Organic food shouldn’t be an elite’s luxurious good
Healthy (innocuous) food should be a human right...
No Latam country ́s amongst top 12.
More than 180 million has. Of GMO crops grown worldwide in 2015. 76+ million in LATAM
(42% of world ́s total)
100,000 ha. of GMO crops grown in Colombia
Conventional pesticides vs. Biocontrol solutions in Colombia
97 to 98% of the crop protection
products sold in Colombia (US 500 million in 2016) are chemical pesticides
Many molecules still being sold in Colombia have already been banned in
the countries where these were synthesized or in the
destination countries of Colombian agroexports.
More external pressure than internal conscience for innocuous food.
3. Colombia: The birthplace of several global biocontrol pioneers and innovators...
To promote Ethical BioTrade practices by offering UEBT members independent verification, technical support and networking opportunities for biodiversity-based innovation and sourcing in the framework of the CBD and the Nagoya Protocol.
PurposeTo promote biocontrol as technological solutions that contribute to a systemic change of Colombia ́s agriculture positively impacting farmers and consumers and the country ́s competitiveness, sustainability, food security and sovereignty, environmental protection, biodiversity conservation, and public health.
Some of our members
4. Benefits of Biocontrol in the framework of True and Sustainable IPM
The Paradigm: Chemical pesticidesare the most effective solution
for pest control
Captiva(plant extract)
% Mites (Tetranychus urticae)Mortality by contact (3 daa)
AbamectineProduct
Milbemectine
0102030405060
7080
90
TECHNICAL PROFILE SPIDER WEB ANALISYS
Abamectine Captiva Milbemectine
100908070605040302010
0
% Mortality larvae directapplication 48 haa (4)Residual effect (1)
0% = 0 days25 = 1 - 3 days
50% = 3 - 7 days75%= 7 - 15 days
100% = More than 15 days
% Predatory mites (Phytoseilluspersimilis) survival 48 haa (2)
% Anti feeding effect 9 daa (3)
% Anti egg laying effect 72 haa (3) % Mortality adults directapplication 48 haa (5)
% Mortality larvae treated surface48 haa (3)
Toxicological category0% = Category l extremely toxic25% = Category ll Highly toxic
75% = Category lll Moderatly toxic100% = Category lV slightly toxic
% Mortality adult treated surface48 haa (3)
Crop Protection Index (CPI)
Abamectina Captiva
CPI 228.447 636.681
Milbemectina
494.497
100.000
200.000
300.000
400.000
500.000
600.000
700.000
(Beyond Pesticides, February 4, 2016) Washington State University (WSU) researchers published a review study in the journal Nature Plants that deemed organic agriculture as a necessary tool for feeding the global population sustainably. In their review, which analyzed
hundreds of studies about organic and conventional agriculture, soil science and agroecology professor John Reganold, Ph.D., and doctoral candidate Jonathan Wachter referred to organic agriculture as an untapped resource for feeding the Earth’s population, “especially in the face of climate change and other global challenges.” Using over 40 years of science, this study, entitled “Organic Agriculture in the 21st
Century,” aptly refers to organic agriculture as the solution to the globe’s current and future food crises and conventional farming as an undeniable catalyst in the Earth’s demise.
OrganicYield
NutritionalQuality
MinimizePesticideResidues
ReduceWorker
Exposure toPesticides
Employmentof Workers
EcosystemServices
Total Costs
MinimizeWater
Pollution
Biodiversity
MinimizeEnergy
Use
Soil QualityYield
NutritionalQuality
MinimizePesticideResidues
ReduceWorker
Exposure toPesticides
Employmentof Workers
EcosystemServices
Total Costs
MinimizeWater
Pollution
Biodiversity
MinimizeEnergy
Use
Soil Quality
Conventional
Thanks
p. +57 4 386 1186m. +57 310 442 0599
www.ecofloragro.com
Nicolás Cock Duque - CEO