BPC: Art and Computation – Summer 2007BPC: Art and Computation – Summer 2007

Introduction to AnimationIntroduction to Animation

Erik Brisson

ebrisson@bu.edu

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Animation example - traditionalAnimation example - traditional

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Animation example - traditionalAnimation example - traditional

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History - Thaumotrope (~ 1825)History - Thaumotrope (~ 1825)

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History – Folioscope (~ 1834)History – Folioscope (~ 1834)

Now known as a “flipbook”

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History – Zoetrope (~ 1834)History – Zoetrope (~ 1834)

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History – Phenakistoscope (~1833)History – Phenakistoscope (~1833)

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History – Early days of filmHistory – Early days of film

1895 Auguste and Louis Lumiere, "Workers Leaving the Lumiere Factory in Lyon-Montplaisir“

1899 First magnetic recording of sound is achieved.

1908 Emile Cohl, "Fantasmagorie."

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Animation - TechniquesAnimation - Techniques

Stop-motion animation (puppets / objects / clay models)

Drawing and inking cel’sRotoscopingComputer-assistedComputer-generated

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2D animation in 3D scene2D animation in 3D scene

Image sequence mapped onto object in scene

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3D motion as animation - models3D motion as animation - models

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3D motion as animation3D motion as animation

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Animation - timingAnimation - timing

Speed of actionSynchronization of actionsSynchronization with sound– Sound track recorded first– Animation made to match sound

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Animation – timing controlAnimation – timing control

Fixed speed projection– Film 24 fps– Video 30 fps– Computer graphics• 60, 72, 75 Hz refresh rate• Image redraw may not match this speed

How vary action speed?

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DAFFIE arp fileDAFFIE arp file arp 2.0 name playtime_seq geom_path ./ playspeed 10 sound_path ../configs/playtime/ frame geom_show playtime00.obj frame geom_show playtime01.obj frame geom_show playtime02.obj frame geom_show playtime03.obj frame geom_show playtime04.obj frame geom_show playtime05.obj

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More speed examples – 8 imagesMore speed examples – 8 images

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12 Principles of Animation12 Principles of Animation Timing Ease In and Out (or Slow In and Out) Arcs Anticipation Exaggeration Squash and Stretch Secondary Action Follow Through and Overlapping Action Straight Ahead Action and Pose-To-Pose Action Staging Appeal Personality

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SummarySummary