BP Glass Concrete

CONCRETE WITH GLASS AGGREGATES BUSINESS PLAN

January

2016

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Concrete with Glass Aggregates Business Plan

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Executive Summary

Project Overview/Services

Market Analysis

Competitor Analysis

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Market Segmentation and Marketing Strategy

Financial Plan

Notes

TA B L E O F CO N T E N T S

Concrete with glass aggregates is a research project or subject developed in France during the preparation of the Masters in Research in the University of Cergy Pontoise as a potential material to be inducted in the concrete industry in order to achieve sustainable building. In accordance with the new plans in civil engineering, concrete with glass aggregates represents one of the most innovative products to maintain an eco-friendly non polluted environment.

The product came as a solution to save the cement and glass industries which are facing a lot of challenges due to the high greenhouse gases emissions, the intensive use of energy and the intensive use of the earth’s natural resources. The current situation of discarding waste glass to landfills is also not offering an environmental friendly management for the waste glass, due to the no biodegradable form of the waste glass.

MISSION“To be the leading sustainable and green building industry in the Europe region within 3 years, by providing a product to the concrete and civil industry that can achieve both environmental and economical incomes.”

MARKET OP P ORT U N I T YIn a continent where a large percentage of the construction use the traditional concrete and cement mixes . The need to a new innovative product to replace the usual methods emerges as the domain of construction is becoming the number source of pollution and CO2 emissions within few years.


1. E X EC U T I V E SUMMARY

1. E X EC U T I V E SUMMARYGlass waste is representing urgent environmental problems all over the world.The best solution to overcome over the environmental impact of these glass wastes is to reuse them. Recycling of these wastes will help to conserve the earth’s natural resources, minimizes the landfills spaces and saves energy and money

Recycling Volume of Waste Glass Containers over Recent 10Years. Units

Tons .

52%

44

Source (recycle.epa.gov.tw)

Year

Recycling

Volume

2004 157,535

2005 149,845

2006 166,249

2007 197,839

2008 194,694

2009 207,696

2010 211,611

2011 238,334

2012 221,570

2013 222,511

2014 227,743


1. E X EC U T I V E SUMMARY

FINANCIAL SUMMARY

This research project looking for an investment of 30000 to 35000 Euros for start up costs in order to begin the experiences and studies with the material required with possibility of increasing the budget to 50000 Euros near the end of the thesis wit h experiences on real scale.

PROJEC T VISION• To become a key player in the Europe region by introducing a replacement to the traditional concrete.

• To obtain funding for the coming three years from a private or academic research center in Europe.

• Achieve a bibliographic work with a plan for the experimental work in year 1 and development of the research in this domain in years 2 and 3.

• To introduce a new type of concrete material after obtaining a research degree (Phd ) after year 3.

• Diversify into the global markets of the USA, Australia and Asia after penetration of the European market


2. PRODUC T OVERVIEW /STUDIESBACKGROUND

Large quantities of the solid waste that can be used in the manufacture of cement and concrete are still discarded to landfills. The non biodegradable structure of glass makes the discarding of this waste to landfills a bad solution, while the cement and concrete industry can provide an environmental friendly waste management for the glass waste..

S t u d i e s

Because of the concern of the environmental impact of waste glass, a lot of studies have been done recently for the use of waste glass as aggregate in concrete.These studies investigated the properties of the waste glass aggregate and tried to find the optimum percentage of waste glass that can be used as aggregate without any effect on the properties of the produced concrete.

Physical properties of waste glass and sand. Source Z.Z. Ismail, E.A. Al-Hashmi, Recycling of waste glass as a partial replacement for fine aggregate in concrete, Waste Management (New York, N.Y.) 29 (2009) 655–659,


CURR ENT MARKET

A lot of challenges are facing the cement industry these days such as the increase in the cost of fuels and energy, the necessities to reduce the huge amount of greenhouse gases emission especially the CO2 emission and the high cost of the raw materials and the supply of theses raw materials in sufficient quantities and qualities.

3. MARKET ANALYSIS

In being a cost effective method of construction and the future of the civil engineering and construction. It seems that the increase in the annual growth rate in green construction is vey satisfying and encouraging in order to implement and develop products to replace traditional concrete like the concrete with glass aggregates.

34%

43%

Projected annual growth rates for green buildings (Green Construction)

Source: GREEN MARKETING JUNE 2, 2009 DETROIT Presented by: Tracy Koe Wick Neumann/Smith Architecture www.neumannsmith.com


3. MARKET ANALYSIS

OPPORTUNITIES WIT H THE USE OF CONCRETE WITH GLASS AGGREGATES

Lightweight concrete has become a popular construction material because of several advantages it holds over conventional concrete. Lightweight concrete is characterized by good compressive strength, durability and the most important advantages – low density and improved properties of thermal conductivity. Typical lightweight concrete aggregates are expanded clay or shale, natural porous materials like vermiculite or pumice.

ECONOMIC OUT LOOK OF GREEN SUSTA INAB LE CON ST RUC T ION

Green is expected to represent 55% of all commercial and institutional construction in 2016. Green home and renovation activity growied to 20% in 2012 and 38% by 2016. Green represented 44 percent of all commercial and institutional construction in 2012 and will grow up to 55 percent by 2016. Residential green construction is also on the rise. By 2016, this share by value is expected to increase to 29-38 percent - an estimated $89-$116 billion- based on the current single-family residential construction forecast. Source :Green Building Outlook

Strong for Both Non-Residential & Residential SectorsNovember 15, 2012 - New York, NY


4. COMPETITOR ANALYSIS

Many ideas and researches shave been conducted on various types of sustainable and environmental concrete like the concrete with wood ash and foundry sand.

Wood fly ash has substantial potential for use as a pozzolanic mineral admixture and as an activator in cement-based materials. Wood ash has been used in the making of structural-grade concrete, bricks/blocks/paving stones, flowable slurry, and blended cements .

Airentrained concrete can be achieved by using wood fly ash up to 35%. Structural-grade concrete can be made using wood fly ash and its blends with Class C fly ash to achieve a compressive strength of 50 MPa or higher. Physical and chemical properties of wood ash are given in Tables 4 and 5, respectively.


4. COMPETITOR ANALYSISFoundry sand can be used as a replacement ofregular sand up to 45% by weight, to meet variousrequirements of structural-grade concrete .

Use of foundry sand in concrete mayresult in some loss of concrete strength due toincreased water demand. However, proper mixtureproportioning can compensate this. Concrete ofcompressive strength of 42 MPa has been producedwith the inclusion of foundry sand up to 45%replacement of regular sand.

Environmental impact of the useof Controlled Low Strength Materials (CLSM)incorporating industrial by-products (coal fly ash,and used foundry sand) has been reported . The results demonstrated that excavatable flowable slurry incorporating fly ash and foundry sand up to 85% could be produced. The use of foundry sand in CLSM slurry, therefore, provided a favorableenvironmental performance.


4. COMPETITOR ANALYSIS

The world of engineering and specially sustainable green engineering is becoming a hub of concrete expertise from all over the world and concrete with glass aggregates is confident in becoming a successful competitor in the near future.

Concrete with glass aggregates will offer an innovative approach to green engineering, sustainable construction and eco-friendly building materials that will attract, engage, acquire and retain users. Competitive advantage will come from developing a cost effective and non polluting concrete that can reduce the CO2 emissions not only during its production but also during all the life cycle of the structure.


This new type of concrete will initially focus on implementing new strategies and principles in countries where the use of traditional concrete is causing a lot of pollution as well as economical and environmental crisis.

5. MARKET SEGMENTATION ANDMARKETING STRATEGYTA R G E T MARKET

Post-consumer wastes and industrial by-productscan be and must be used in concrete to make“greener” concrete. Glass can be used by recycling the waste glass so this type of innovation will become well established.

Recycling minimizes solid waste disposal,improves air quality, minimizes solid wastes, andleads to sustainable cement and concrete industry.

Use of coal fly ash in concrete started in the 1930s, and volcanic ash has been recycled for several millenniums in mortar and concrete (in Egypt, Italy, Mexico, India, and otherplaces). That’s why introducing the glass concrete in such countries will create completion and give other less costly options .


S W OT A N A LYS I S

5. MARKET SEGMENTATION ANDMARKETING STRATEGY

STREN GTHS• Concrete with glass

aggregates is a new concept for construction companies .

• It will be an interesting provocative and well organized research project.

W E A K N E S S E S• Low performance in some cases. • Risks of Alkali-Silica

reaction if precautions are not taken while the formulation of the concrete.

OPPORTUNITIES• The green construction market

is a very fast growing sector that generates a lot of money and interests.

• Population of is set to increase to 6 million by 2020 so there is a need for sustainable sources to reduce pollution.

THREATS• May be difficult to finance

because most research institutes want a subject with fast and expected results without taking risks.

POSITIONING

‘Concrete with glass aggregates offer an extensive range of

innovative opportunities across multiple channels,

anticipating the target markets’ need for a

result driven intelligent construction innovation.’


PRICING P L A NThis research project will work on a fixed pricing structure and as set out in the ‘Projected forecast’. These prices are based on the annual funding for research subject in France with a range between 30000 to 350000 Euros with possibilities of increase in case of the intervention of a private or industrial sector.

S A L E S ST R AT EGYThe advantage of this type of concrete once becoming a real product is its availability in every country since waste glass exist everywhere. The main aim to build long term relationships with construction companies and concrete manufactures.

5. MARKET SEGMENTATION ANDMARKETING STRATEGY

IMPLEMENTATION

Research institutes and laboratories as well as private organizations will be contacted via LinkedIn in order to see and evaluate the project .

Funding acquisition will be done through:• Contacting institutes and interested

companies in France region as a first trial. • Messages through LinkedIn to all directors and

responsible people in important position sin order to listen to this proposed project .

• Using social networking sites to promote the service, but mainly advertising on professional networking sites such as LinkedIn

• Promote the concrete with glass aggregate product as being an innovative tool.


The innovations in the field of research I which are imposed by theses, in case of success, lead to technological , economic and major social advances, and become essential accelerators in growth. Access to the financing of innovative projects in France is guaranteed in particular through different means and institutes which have as a n essential function to help young researchers to develop their ideas and innovations.

6. F INANCIAL PLAN

Crédit Impôt RechercheA-The CIR covers the activities of fundamental research or applied and the activities of experimental development (whatever the area.

B-To be eligible for the CIR, the expenditure must correspond to operations of localized research within the European Economic Area (EEA).

C-If research expenditure exceeding EUR 100 million, the company must accompany his declaration of a description of the work in progress, the material means and Humans affected and their localization.

The rate of the research is 30 per cent for research spending up to EUR 100 million (or 50 per cent in the overseas departments),5 % beyond.

The company which receives the approval of CIR, therefore offers a significant advantage to its customers by allowing them to recover, in the form of a Tax Credit (CIR), a part of the benefits in their invoice.


Jeune Entreprise Innovante

6. FINANCIAL PLAN

A-The tax advantage is in an exemption from the tax on the companies according to the modalities set out in the table of benefits calculation. The tax aid granted to companies under the regime of the J.E.I. may not exceed the aid ceiling "minimizes" set by the European Commission, an amount of EUR 200 000 over three fiscal years for each business.

B-The company also benefits from a total exemption of annual flat-rate tax (IFA), throughout the period in respect of which it retains the status of JEI

C-a qualified firm of young innovative company can benefit from an exemption from the contribution territorial economic and property tax on the built properties during 7 years.

d- The capital gains from the disposition of shares or actions of J.E.I. are imposed on the progressive scale after application of a reduction according to the Duration Of detention of units or shares:50% if 1 years < duration < 4 years old65% if 4 years < duration < 8 years85% if 8 years < Duration < 10years


6. FINANCIAL PLAN

BOURSES CIFRE

A- The researcher will benefit from the collective agreement of the gearbox,.

B-Another advantage is that if the researcher want to work in a company, when they interview him he will know what he is talking about since he has been in contact for 3 years with people who are doing a job similar therefore it is equivalent to three real years of experience in the business.

C-The companies allow you to get more easily and more rapidly the equipment and launch projects. This way of working allows to enrich more, less to lose themselves in the own work and see things from different aspects.


6. FINANCIAL PLANSubventions:Régions Européennes

A-The PHD offers a real professional experience for he young researcher.

B- The doctoral student is formed for the research by working on a problem that he must deliver in an international context.

C- They allow a bilateral scientific cooperation where the expertise of the two directors of research allows the realization of an original work by the future doctor. The international joint supervision constitutes a specific form of co-directorship.

D- Grants European regions of thesis is a device that promotes the mobility of doctoral students in developing the scientific cooperation between research teams in French and foreign countries .


7. N OT ES1. T.R. Naik UWM Center for By-Products Utilization, University of

Wisconsin Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, USA

2. Materials Science and Technology, Materials and Environment Engineering and Physics, Marche

Polytechnical University, Ancona, Italy


Documents

BP Glass Concrete