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VETERINARYANIMAL HUSBANDRY
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April 11, 2023 1
BOVINE OBSTETRICS
The slides with drawings are the courtesy of Department of Animal Reproduction, Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Royal Veterinary College, Sewden
Dr.V.N.Viswanatha Reddy,
Former Professor, Department of Animal Reproduction, Gynaecology and Obstetrics,
Veterinary College, Hebbal, Bangalore 560024
E-mail: [email protected] Phone: Res. Ph:080 – 2272 4981 Cell:9448052640
April 11, 2023 2
Healthy cow and calf
April 11, 2023 3
How to reduce incidences of Dystocia?• Feed concentrates in 3 to 5 times in a day and 30 to 60 minutes after
feeding fodder and night feeding of the concentrates should be more.• The pregnant animals should get a walking exercise of 1 to 2
kilometers per day.• Injecting 150 of sodium selenite and 500mg of vitamin E weekly in
the last 6 weeks of pregnancy or feed 150 of sodium selenite and 800 mg of vitamin E capsules or germinated horse gram 500gms per day in the last 4 –6 weeks of pregnancy, due to better uterine contractions uterine inertia will get reduces and no RFM chances.
• Feeding 20 pills of 20 size Homoeo drug Caulophyllum 30 weekly one dose in the last 6 weeks of pregnancy will prevent failure of dilatation of cervix. Same drug is used in woman 4 to 6 pills weekly once and on the day of delivery for easy delivery.
• Injecting PGF2 alpha full dose 48 hours prior to calving can result in day time calving, but the greatest disadvantage is Retention of foetal membranes will happen invariably and takes longer number of days to fall off subsequent conception requires more number of AI and they are invariably metritis cases.
April 11, 2023 4
Bedding at the time of calving is a must to reduce endometritis. Use lengthy straw as bedding. Avoid saw dust, groundnut shells and paddy husk or dry leaves as bedding.
Courtesy Bayer co. Germany
April 11, 2023 5
Prior to calving, thorough washing of tail, vulva, thighs and udder is required.
Courtesy Bayer co. Germany
April 11, 2023 6
Requirements for a dystokia case. Straw for bedding, 2 long thick ropes, 4 snares, 2 sticks or rods to tie the snares, cold water, hot water,
buckets, mugs, soap, lubricant, antiseptic, potassium permanganate, apron, gum boot, towel, torch light, 2-3 bags filled with straw used as
pillows below the thigh. Courtesy Jersey Farm Bangaluru
April 11, 2023 7
First stage of parturition.Opening stage. 1 to 8 hours. Note the blue coloured sac – allantoic sac. Courtesy Jersey Farm Bangaluru
April 11, 2023 8
2nd stage of parturition. Note the allantoic sac either yellow or white in colour. Once the tips of the digits appear, within 45 minutes in a buffalo, and within 60 minutes in a cow foetus has to be expelled, if not there will be deviation of head or abnormality will be there. Courtesy Jersey Farm B’luru
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The limbs are crossed. Oversize foetus. Requires 45 degrees rotation of foetus, otherwise it can result into hip lock position. Note the snares are being tied over the supra numerery digits
Courtesy Jersey Farm Bangalore.
April 11, 2023 10
Severing the navel cord of the foetus 5 cm from the naval region. Pour Tincture of Iodine into the umbilical sac. Ligate
with a thread. Apply liberally Tr. Iodine or homoeo Q.calendula. Courtesy Jersey Farm Bangalore
April 11, 2023 11
Anterior normal presentation – 1st Phase
April 11, 2023 12
Normal anterior presentation
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Normal anterior presentation
Use epidural anesthesia / xylazine hydrochloride i/m injection.Vacuum sound when needle in epidural space / free flow of the anesthetic/ if the head of the needle is free from the local anesthetic are the indications that the needle in the epidural space. Liberal lubrication with oil, dettol obstetrical cream..Apply snares above supra numerary digits / fetlock. Traction is done in the beginning little upwards, then parallel to the back of the mother. Once head is out oblique downward traction is done. After the shoulder is out, calf is totally pulled downwards almost parallel to the hind limb of the mother. Hip lock occurs if the fore limbs are coming out in a scissor shaped manner. In such cases foetus is rotated by 45o angle. If calf is alive both limbs are tied to a stick and rotated. If the calf is dead both foetal limbs are crossed and rotated
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Right shoulder flexion
April 11, 2023 15
1st stage of correcting the shoulder flexion
Here Rt. hand is inserted, to pull up the Right limb. Many of us are right handlers and it is more strong, so right hand is shown
April 11, 2023 16
Reliving shoulder flexion of right fore limb with right hand
Note the dotted line of foetus and limb, which shows that traction of calf is also has been effected
April 11, 2023 17
Correct method of holding digits to make traction on the fore limb
Note the dotted line of calf’s limb. If digits are not held in the palm, traction can tear the ventral tubular genitalia
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Retracting the vulval lips to relive head
April 11, 2023 19
Applying eye hook and traction on head repelling vulval lips
Simultaneous squeezing on the dorsal vulval region is also a method to expel head
April 11, 2023 20
Ventral deviation of head
Requires repulsion of foetus and head. Rarely repelling fore limb, followed by rotating calf's head, then correct the repelled limb
April 11, 2023 21
Right lateral deviation of head
Repel left fore limb in to shoulder flexion and correct head
April 11, 2023 22
Applying a snare to the right lateral deviated head
Noose of the snare has to come here on the outer cheek of the calf
April 11, 2023 23
Anterior ventral presentation
Can be relieved in the same position but traction will be towards the sacrum of pelvis or rotate the foetus by 180 degrees before traction
April 11, 2023 24
Anterior ventral presentation with flexion of fore limbs
April 11, 2023 25
Dog sitting Posture
Repel the hind limbs/ entire foetus. Preferred anterior presentation
April 11, 2023 26
Wry neck - anterior presentation
Head has to be shifted to lateral side before correction
April 11, 2023 27
Posterior normal presentation
April 11, 2023 28
Left hock flexion
Insert hand and pull up the hock further up.Hold digits in left hand palm. Hold the hock in right hand and push
anteriorly while digits are pulled backwards.
April 11, 2023 29
Breech presentation
Avoid to relieve in standing position of the mother Better is a lateral recumbent position of the mother
April 11, 2023 30
Breech presentation applying the snare
Insert hand and pull up the left hock further up.Hold digits in left hand palm. Hold the hock in right hand and push
anteriorly while digits are pulled backwards.Repeat entire procedure with the other limb and the hands are reversed
April 11, 2023 31
Anterior lateral presentation
Rotate foetus by 90 degrees left laterally
April 11, 2023 32
Farmer handling a dystocia in Holland
First calf in posterior presentation is being pulled downward
April 11, 2023 33
Farmer handling a dystocia in Holland
The angle of pulling the calf is almost parallel to the back
April 11, 2023 34
Farmer handling a dystocia in Holland
2nd Calf is being pulled downward at 45 degrees angle Fore ground has the 1st calf
April 11, 2023 35
Farmer handling a dystocia in Holland
Twin calves relieved by the dairy farmer
April 11, 2023 36
Farmer handling a dystocia in Holland
Twin calves relived by the farmer, mother is licking them
April 11, 2023 37
Eversion of uterus in a goat. Before the arrival of the doctor roll the everted mass in a wet cloth and be wetting hourly.
1,2 handfuls of rice is soaked in water for ½ hour. To that add the juice of Touch me not plant and . smear it to the uterus, drench the juice of Mymosa pudica. Or give a dose of 20 pills of Podophyllum 200 (homoeo drug).
Duvadilan or Bricanyl 20ml I/m inj
Push the lubricated everted mass very near to the vulval lips first.
April 11, 2023 38
Eversion of uterus
Note the everted uterus with detached placenta
April 11, 2023 39
Eversion of uterus
Note the everted uterus with detached placenta
April 11, 2023 40
Eversion of uterus
Everted uterus is tightly rolled with a wet cloth from its tip towards the base of the uterine horn base
April 11, 2023 41
Suturing Vulval lips after replacing everted uterus
Correct method of suturing vulval lips using Seaton needle and thread. The thread is passes sub cutaneously parallel to the vulval lips.
April 11, 2023 42
Suturing Vulval lips after replacing everted uterus
Correct method of suturing vulval lips using seaton needle and thread. The thread is passes sub cutaneously parallel to the vulval lips.
April 11, 2023 43
Suturing Vulval lips after replacing everted uterus
Incorrect method of suturing vulval lips. Here Flessa vulval suture technique has been used. Here through and through the vulval lips the needles have been passed, this will cause eversion of uterus again due to the pain.
April 11, 2023 44
Hydropsy condition of foetal fluids
Note the dropsy condition of abdomen
sunken eyes, more thirsty
April 11, 2023 45
Hydropsy condition of foetal fluids
In this condition uterine cavity is tapped just below the right flap of the flank (skin is shaved) An incision is made in the skin and trocar and canula is passed and pulled to one side and uterine cavity is tapped to empty fluid
April 11, 2023 46
Eversion of rectum
Can occur due to straining in case of torsion or failure of dilation of cervix at the time of calving
April 11, 2023 47
Cervical prolapse in non pregnant animal or in Prepartum
• Elevate the hind parts of the animal and lower the fore parts while lying down. Use 1: 10,000 PP lotion for vaginal douche for 7 days. Homoeo drug Opium 30, Ignatia 30 and Carbo veg 30 each 10 pills TID orally 3-5 days.
April 11, 2023 48
After birth (placenta)
Freshly calved. Note cotyledons have not appeared yet