Border Policy Affirmative - DDI 2015 MM

7/25/2019 Border Policy Affirmative - DDI 2015 MM

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1AC


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Cartels AdvantageUS drone surveillance along the US Mexico border is high now

Elliot SpagatThe Associated Press, Elliot Spagat is a San Diego Correspondentthat specializes in border related incidents. Elliot Spagat has been published by the

Washington Post, Time Magazine, u!ngton Post and o"er #$$ other sources. 11%

#&%'$14, (Drones replacing o!cers in Me)ican border sur"eillance,( *os AngelesDaily +es, http-.dailynes.comsocial%a/airs'$#0###&drones%replacing%o!cers%in%me)ican%border%sur"eillance

S1E22A 31STA, Ariz. 44The 5.S. go"ernment no patrols nearly hal6 the Me)ican borderby drones alone in a largely unheralded shi6t to control desolate stretches herethere are no agents, camera toers, ground sensors or 6ences, and it plans toe)pand the strategy to the Canadian border. 1t represents a signi7cant departure 6rom a decades%old approach that emphasizes boots on the ground and 6ences. Since '$$$, the number o6 8order Patrol agents on

the #,9:0%mile border more than doubled ; to surpass #s o6 a 6armer or cos, perhaps those o6immigrants ho entered the country illegally or perhaps a drug%laden ummer , theysaid. About 9' percent o6 drone missions ha"e shon no change in terrain , hile theothers raised enough ?uestions to dispatch agents to determine i6 someone gotaay , sometimes by helicopter because the area is so remote. The agents loo> 6orany sign o6 human acti"ity ; 6ootprints, bro>en tigs, trash. About 0 percent o6

missions ha"e been 6alse alarms, li>e trac>s o6 li"estoc> or 6armers, and about ' percent areinconclusi"e.The remaining ' percent o/er e"idence o6 illegal crossings 6rom Me)ico,hich typically results in ground sensors being planted 6or closer monitoring.Thego"ernment has operated about #$,$$$ drone @ights under the strategy, >noninternally as change detection,B since it began in March '$#&. The @ights currentlyco"er about 9$$ miles, much o6 it in Te)as, and are e)pected to e)pand to the Canadian border bythe end o6 '$#:. The purpose is to assign agents here illegal acti"ity is highest, said 2. il erli>os>e,commissioner o6 Customs and 8order Protection, the 8order Patrols parent agency, hich operates nine unmannedaircra6t across the country. Fou ha"e 7nite resources,B he said in an inter"ie. 16 you can loo> at some "ery ruggedterrain GandH you can see theres not tra!c, hether its tire trac>s or clothing being abandoned or anything else,you ant to deploy your resources to here you ha"e a greater ris>, a greater threat.B 16 the "ideo shos the terrainunchanged, 8order Patrol Chie6 Michael Iisher calls it pro"ing the negati"eB ; shoing there isnt anything illegalhappening there and there6ore no need 6or agents and 6ences. The strategy as launched ithout 6an6are and is

being e)panded as President 8arac> Jbama prepares to issue an e)ecuti"e order by the end o6 this year to reducedeportations and enhance border security. 2ep. Michael McCaul, a Te)as 2epublican ho chairs the ouse

omeland Security Committee, applauded the approach hile noting sur"eillance gaps still remain. We can nolonger 6ocus only on static de6enses such as 6ences and 7)ed GcameraH toers,B hesaid. Sen. 8ob Cor>er, a Tennessee 2epublican ho coauthored legislation last yearto add '$,$$$ 8order Patrol agents and &:$ miles o6 6encing to the southestborder, said, 16 there are better ays o6 ensuring the border is secure, 1 amcertainly open to considering those options.B8order missions @y out o6 Sierra 3ista, home o6 the5.S. Army 1ntelligence Center at Iort uachuca, or Corpus Christi, Te)as. They patrol at altitudes beteen #9,$$$ at


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'ardt, the agencys

e)ecuti"e director o6 national air security operations, said la%abiding people shouldnt orry and that cameras areunable to capture details li>e license plate numbers and 6aces on the ground. e loo>ed on one September morningas a drone ta)ied don a runay in Sierra 3ista, li6ted o/ ith a mued buzz and disappeared o"er a roc>ymountain range into a blue Arizona s>y. About a dozen computer screens line the all o6 their trailer, shoing the

eather, maps and real%time images o6 the ground belo. Ec>ardt said there is no sil"er bulletB 6oraddressing border security but that using drones in highly remote areas is part o6the o"erall e/ort. 16 theres nothing there, he said, lets not aste the manpoer here. *ets 6ocus our e/ortssomeplace else, here theyre needed.B

Increased US-Mexico border surveillance increases the cartels

power as iigrants turn to huan tra!c"ing

#$%&AS'() 14 GA*EN +JW2ASTE, immigration policy analyst at the Cato1nstitutes Center 6or lobal *iberty and Prosperity, '&$#0, 1mmigrationEn6orcement Aids Smugglers O 5naccompanied Children Edition, Cato 1nstitute,http-.cato.orgblogimmigration%en6orcement%aids%smugglers%unaccompanied%children%editionH

The increase o6 human smugglers transporting unauthorized immigrants tothe 5nited States is li>ely a conse?uence o6 more e/ecti"e borderen6orcement.Althoughthe Jbama administration has de%emphasized internal immigrationen6orcement a6ter '$##, hisadministration has ramped up en6orcement along theborder O 6ocusing on increasing the legal and economic costs imposed on

unla6ul immigrants apprehended hile trying to enter the 5nited States.Since border and internal en6orcement are substitutes, the shi6t in resourcesand increase in penalties 6or unla6ul crossers does not represent a decreasein total en6orcement. Matt raham 6rom the 8ipartisan Policy Center rote an e)cellent brea>don o6 thereprioritization o6 immigration en6orcement, the increase in penalties, and ho it has deterred unauthorizedimmigration. The price o6 smuggling is an indication o6 the e/ecti"eness o6 immigration en6orcement along theborder. The 7rst e/ect o6 increased en6orcement is to decrease the supply o6 human smugglers. As the supply o6

human smugglers decreases, the price that remaining human smugglers can charge increases . 8e6oreborder en6orcement tightened in the early #99$s, migrants typically paidabout =': G'$#0 dollarsH. Currently, unauthorized migrants 6rom CentralAmerica are paying around =:$$. The economics of industrial organization can

shed some light on why smugglers have shifted from mom and pop operations to large,organized, and violent criminal cartels who now seek children clients instead of adults.Mom and pop smugglers ran small and unsophisticated operations to smuggle immigrants over the border. As border patrolcracked down on them and put many out of business, more intensive smuggling

operations that required more capital, planning, and violence to overcome enforcementwere needed to satisfy the demand. As a result of the shrinking mom and pop smugglingoperations, serious criminal organizations and drug gangs have become specialized in


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smuggling migrants because of the higher profits. The shift from mom and pop

smugglers to sophisticated criminal smugglers that focus on smuggling those with aninelastic demand for smuggling is the result of larger and more effective borderenforcement.

Increased violence causes Mexico *ailed State+edigo 1,GDa"id Pedigo, M.A. candidate at top%ran>ed uni"ersity ith e)perience in economic and 7nancialmodeling and a pro6essional bac>ground in international a/airs and Qournalism, The Drug War and State Iailure inMe)ico,

http-research.monm.edumQur7les'$#''$#'%=.pd6H

Ie topics are more rele"ant to the national security o6 the 5nited States todaythan the crisis in Me)ico, hich threatens to create a 6ailed state on the southernborder.1n '$$9, noted international relations scholar Rohn Mearsheimer listed the ongoing drug ar in Me)ico asthe number one issue that had been o"erloo>ed by President Jbama, saying that, There is the "ery realpossibility that Me)ico ill implode on Jbamas atch and become a 6ailed state,hich ould surely cause serious problems north o6 the 2io rande.B # This claim has

been echoed by Ste"en Da"id, another eminent scholar in the 7eld o6 international relations, ho states in his boo>,Catastrophic Conse?uences, that, there is no ?uestion that i6 "iolent instability engul6s Me)ico, American "ital

interests ould be threatened.B' ##' While no single de7nition o6 a 6ailed stateB currently e)ists, one o6 themost idely accepted indicators o6 state 6ailure is hat Ma) Weber re6erred to asthe monopoly on the legitimate use o6 physical 6orceB ithin a states territory. 1nother ords,6ailed states emerge hen the ultimate authority to pro"ide security anden6orce the rule o6 la comes 6rom a poer other than the state.& 8y this?uali7cation, Me)ico certainly is not a 6ailed state today, but itdoes e)hibit manycharacteristics o6 a captured state,B herein the state itsel6 is manipulated byother actors %% in this case drug cartels. There are also someregions throughoutMe)icos territory here drug cartels ha"e more in@uence o"er the rule o6 la thanthe state, and can there6ore be considered 6ailed pro"incesB or 6ailed cities.B 1n

these regions, cartels 6reely murder mayors, police o!cers, and Qournalists thatchallenge their authority, sometimes ithin 6eet o6 police posts.+ot only is the Me)icanstate unable to pro"ide security 6or its population, butcartels ha"e increasingly in@uencedgo"ernment policy through intimidating, >illing, or buying o/ state actors. As bothMearsheimer and Da"id suggest, state 6ailure in Me)ico ould ha"e de"astatinge/ects 6or the 5nited States. Some o6 the "iolence and lalessness o6 the drug arin Me)ico ha"e already begun to lea> across the border. 1n '$$:, the go"ernors o6Arizona and +e Me)ico declared their border regions ith Me)ico to be a disasterareaB on the grounds that they ere de"astated by human smuggling, drug smuggling,>idnapping, murder, and destruction o6 property.0 There ha"e also been recent concerns o"er southern Arizona

becoming a no%go zoneB controlled by drug tra!c>ers.:These instances lend credibility to the

presupposition that 6ailed citiesB li>e the ones in Me)ico may begin to emerge inthe 5nited States as ell i6 Me)icos recent trends are not re"ersed

Mexican state collapse causes WMD conflict


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Manwaring 5(Max G., Retired U.S. Army colonel and an Adjunct Professor of nternational Politics at!ic"inson #ollege, $ene%uela&s 'ugo c'$e%, )oli$arian socialism, and asymmetric warfare, *cto)er +5, -g.PU/+0.-df1President #'$e% also understands t'at t'e -rocess leading to state failure is t'e most dangerous long2term securityc'allenge facing t'e glo)al community today. 3'e argument in general is t'at failing and failed state status is t'e)reeding ground for insta)ility, criminality, insurgency, regional conflict, and terrorism. 3'ese conditions )reedmassi$e 'umanitarian disasters and major refugee flows. 3'ey can 'ost 4e$il networ"s of all "inds, w'et'er t'ey in$ol$ecriminal )usiness enter-rise, narco2traffic"ing, or some form of ideological crusade suc' as Bolivarianismo. Mores-ecifically, t'ese conditions s-awn all "inds of t'ings -eo-le in general do not li"e suc' as murder, "idna--ing, corru-tion,

intimidation, and destruction of infrastructure. 3'ese means of coercion and -ersuasion can s-awn furt'er'uman rig'ts $iolations , torture, -o$erty , star$ation, disease, t'e recruitment and use of c'ild soldiers, traffic"ing inwomen and )ody -arts, traffic"ing and -rolif eration of con$entional wea-ons systems and 6M!, genocide, et'niccleansing, warlordism, and criminal anarc'y.At t'e same time, t'ese actions are usually unconfined and s-ill o$erinto regional syndromes of -o$erty, desta)ili%ation, and conflict./+ Peru&s Sendero Luminoso calls $iolent anddestructi$e acti$ities t'at facilitate t'e -rocesses of state failure 4armed -ro-aganda. !rug cartels o-erating t'roug'out t'e Andean

Ridge of Sout' America and elsew'ere call t'ese acti$ities 4)usiness incenti$es. #'$e% considers t'ese actions to )este-s t'at must )e ta"en to )ring a)out t'e -olitical conditions necessary to esta)lis' 7atin American socialismfor t'e +8st century./9 3'us, in addition to 'el-ing to -ro$ide wider latitude to furt'er t'eir tactical and o-erational o)jecti$es,state and nonstate actors& strategic efforts are aimed at -rogressi$ely lessening a targeted regime&s credi)ility and ca-a)ility in

terms of its a)ility and willingness to go$ern and de$elo- its national territory and society. #'$e%&s intent is to focus 'is-rimary attac" -olitically and -syc'ologically on selected 7atin American go$ernments& a)ility and rig't to

go$ern.n t'at context, 'e understands t'at -o-ular -erce-tions of corru-tion, disenfranc'isement, -o$erty, and lac" of u-wardmo)ility limit t'e rig't and t'e a)ility of a gi$en regime to conduct t'e )usiness of t'e state. Until a gi$en -o-ulace generally-ercei$es t'at its go$ernment is dealing wit' t'ese and ot'er )asic issues of -olitical, economic, and social injustice fairly and

effecti$ely, insta)ility and t'e t'reat of su)$erting or destroying suc' a go$ernment are real./: ut failing and failedstates sim-ly do not go away. ;irtually anyone can ta"e ad$antage of suc' an unsta)le situation. 3'e tendency is t'at t'e )est

moti$ated and )est armed organi%ation on t'e scene will control t'at insta)ility. As a conse


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&(A'I$#S A./A#'A0(

order surveillance has been increased in the s2uo3 and

without aor changes it will be increasing 5or decades tocoe

os2ue 16 GMelissa del 8os?ue, March 'nd, '$#:, Death on Se"enmile 2oad,Te)as Jbser"er, http-.te)asobser"er.orghuman%cost%border%security%build%up,AH

At the height o6 the Central American e)odus in Ruly, DPS launched another surgeBcalled Jperation Strong Sa6ety. Armored gunboats patrolled the 2io rande ithDPS troopers, rangers and game ardens dressed in body armor and tactical gear.

Te)as +ational uard soldiers ere also deployed, despite the 6act that thethousands o6 migrants, mostly omen and children, ere ma>ing a point o6presenting themsel"es to authorities to as> 6or asylum. Jperation Strong Sa6ety isslated to continue into August '$#: at a cost o6 more than ' million a ee> .2ecently , nely elected Te)as o". reg Abbott and *t. o". Dan Patric> ha"eindicated they ould li>e to ma>e the surge permanent. 8y '$#K, the state ill ha"espent more than # billion in state and 6ederal money on border security o"er thelast decade. And its poised to spend much more in the decade to come.

'his surveillance continuall7 slows trade along the border

Uriba 18G MU+ica Jrtize 5ribe, K%0%'$#&, (Delays At The 8order, Delays Ior8usiness,( Ironteras Des>, http-.6ronterasdes>.orgnes'$#&Qun$0delays%border%delays%business, AH

E* PASJ, Te)as -- %hen it coes to the southern border3 the United StatesCongress wants to put up a big red stoplight9 Stop the @o o6 drugs, stopillegal immigration and stop the terrorists. *ast year Congress spent more onsecuring the border than it did on all 6ederal la en6orcement combined . Criticsargue the loc"down at the border cho"es billions o5 dollars worth o6legitimate tra!c . AleQandro 2i"era is a big rig truc>er ho chau/eurs goodsbeteen the 5.S.%Me)ico border 6or an American logistics company based in El Paso,

Te)as. Jn a good day hell accomplish to round%trips, rarely adding more than =$miles to his odometer. (Since the 9## e"erything changed,( 2i"era said. (8e6ore eused to cross in 7"e minutes , ten minutes. +o it ta>es us about three hours , tohours, because o6 the long lines.( 2i"era re6erred to long lines at the border

crossing. 1ts a complaint echoed 6rom San Diego to 8rons"ille. Some 7"e milliontruc>s per year are subQect to costly delays as a result o6 rigorous security measuresput in place in the last decade. These delays a/ect the timeliness o6 a truc>ersdeli"ery. Photo by MUnica Jrtiz 5ribe A 6actory or>er in Ciudad RuVrez spray paintsmanne?uins that ill ship to retail stores throughout the 5nited States. (These biglines ha"e economic costs. 8illions o6 dollars a year in lost groth 6or the 5nitedStates and Me)ico ,( said Chris Wilson, ho studies the economics o6 trade 6or theWoodro Wilson Center in Washington D.C. Wilson said trade between the U:S:
http://www.texasobserver.org/human-cost-border-security-build-up/http://www.fronterasdesk.org/news/2013/jun/04/delays-border-delays-business/http://www.fronterasdesk.org/news/2013/jun/04/delays-border-delays-business/http://www.fronterasdesk.org/news/2013/jun/04/delays-border-delays-business/http://www.fronterasdesk.org/news/2013/jun/04/delays-border-delays-business/http://www.texasobserver.org/human-cost-border-security-build-up/


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and Mexico 2uintupled in the last ,; 7ears. Some K million 5.S. Qobs depend ontrade ith Me)ico . That includes companies li>e Dell and Iord as ell as smallerbusinesses that ma>e medical de"ices or auto parts.

A 5ocus on securit7 dilutes an7 5unds eant 5or border

in5rastructure- the plan is a prere2uisite to iproving

in5rastructure eaning5ull7

arr7 11Tom 8arry is a senior analyst at the Center 6or 1nternational Policy inWashington, DC Gtom barry, Rune #0, '$##, 8order Security Congestion, 8order*ines, http-borderlinesblog.blogspot.com'$##$Kborder%security%congestion.html,AH

J"er the past decade the 5.S. go"ernment has 6ocused more on hinderingcrossborder tra!c ith Me)ico than on 6acilitating the legal crossing o6 people andgoods. Jn balance, border crossings ha"e been considered more as a threat than asa 6undamental bene7t to both nations. Most o6 this attention has been 6ocused onnorthbound tra!c. oe"er, since '$$9, the 5.S. go"ernment has been increasinglymonitoring, and thereby sloing, southbound tra!c to detect @os o6 eapons andillegally generated cash. 5.S.%Me)ico trade constitutes a palpable national interest;nearly 0$$ billion annually Gith 5.S. e)ports o6 ''9 billion in '$#$ much largerthan #K& billion imports 6rom Me)icoH. About across land ports o6 entry GPJEH. oe"er, the importance o6binational trade and society doesnt imply that e should be spending billions o6

dollars more on 6urther upgrading our ports o6 entry and increasing personnel, asmany border politicians insist. 8order politicians led by 5.S. 2ep. Sil"estre 2eyes GD%

TNH and Sen. Rohn Cornyn G2%TNH, 6or e)ample, introduced a bill in '$#$ that ouldpro"ide : billion in emergency 6unding to hire :,$$$ ne C8P agents to sta/ thePJEs and to upgrade the PJE in6rastructure, contending that border trade needsha"e been neglected. Too much 6unding in the past ten years has been directed tothe border;not only security 6unding but also 6unding 6or ne and o"erhauled PJEsas ell as a steady e)pansion o6 C8P agents assigned to the PJEs. 'here is no2uestion that addeningl7 slow border crossings adversel7 ae o6 9##, rigorousinspection practices stemmed 6rom homeland security concerns about 6oreignterrorists. J"er time the border security Qusti7cation 6or stepped%up inspections atPJEs and chec>points has e)panded 6rom counterterrorism to supporting Me)icosdrug ar. 1n practice, though, the inspections are ildly disconnected 6rom actualsecurity threats and mostly net the products o6 @aed 5.S. policies that 6osterillegal crossings, including gun rights policies that allo sales o6 military%gradeeapons and drug policies that 6oster illegal crossborder @os.
http://borderlinesblog.blogspot.com/2011/06/border-security-congestion.htmlhttp://borderlinesblog.blogspot.com/2011/06/border-security-congestion.html


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>>>Iproved ports o5 entr7 along the border are "e7 to trade

and exico relations3

Craw5ord 18GAmanda Cra6ord, :%#:%'$#&, (8order Delays Cost 5.S. =.et. Without this guarantee, a smaller number o6 Me)ican e)portersould dare try to de"elop the strong lin>s ith the mar>et north o6 the 2io randethat ha"e enabled them to sell their e)ports. Without this guarantee, 6e%%either inMe)ico or 6rom o"erseas%%ould ha"e dared to in"est in the manu6acturing capacitythat has alloed Me)ico to satis6y 5nited States demand. Without +AITAsguarantee o6 tari/% and ?uota%6ree access to the American mar>et, e ould notha"e seen the rise in trade ithin industries beteen Me)ico and the 5.S. o"er thepast hal6 decade. 2ising intra%industry trade means that Me)ico and the 5.S. aremo"ing toard a greater degree o6 specialization and a 7ner di"ision o6 labor inimportant industries li>e autos%%here labor%intensi"e portions are more and moredone in Me)ico%%and te)tiles%%here the 5.S. increasingly does high%tech spinningand ea"ing and Me)ico increasingly does loer%tech cutting and seing. Aseconomists Mary 8ur7sher, Sherman 2obinson, and aren Thier6elder put it, +AITAhas nurtured the groth o6 producti"ity through (Smithian( e!ciency gains thatresult 6rom (idenYingZ the e)ent o6 the mar>et( and capturing (increasing returnsto 7ner specialization.( Without +AITA, ould Me)ican domestic sa"ings ha"edoubled as a share o6 DP since the early #99$s[ Surely not. Without +AITA, ouldthe number o6 telephone lines in Me)ico ha"e doubled in the #99$s[ Probably not.Moreo"er, Me)ican e)ports are by no means lo%tech labor% and primary product%intensi"e goods. More than '$ percent o6 all Me)ican e)ports are capital goods.More than =$ percent o6 Me)ican manu6acturing e)ports are metal products.Without +AITA, ould 5.S. big three auto producers ha"e in"ested in the Me)icanauto industry, and ould Me)ican e)ports o6 autos and auto parts to the 5.S. ha"egron 6rom #$ to &$ billion a year[ Surely not. More important, +AITA has helpedMe)ico politically. Strong economic groth ma>es political re6orm much, mucheasier- reslicing a groing pie is possible under many circumstances here reslicinga static pie is not. A1ncreasing economic integration brings ith it pressures 6orincreasing political integration as ell- the li?uidation o6 the statist%corporatist P21order, and a shi6t toard democratic institutions that are more li>e those o6 theindustrial democracies that Me)ico hopes to Qoin Gand to hich me)ico hopes that+AITA ill ser"e as a passport o6 admissionH. 'he result has been the ?rstpeace5ul trans5er o5 power in Mexico in ore than a li5etie, ith theelection to the Me)ican presidency o6 3icente Io) Xueseda. Economist Dani 2odri>describes political democracy as a poer6ul meta%institution 6or building the politicaland economic institutions needed 6or success- thus Me)icos 6uture loo>s muchbrighter no than it did bac> in the late #9 on Me)icos go"ernment.


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'op Mexican o!cials sees border securitiBation as an

unwillingness to cooperate the plan is "e7 to increase

relations

&ueda 18G Manuel 2ueda, Rune 'K, '$#&, Me)ico Slams 5.S. 8order 8uildupPlan, A8C +es, http-abcnes.go.comA8C\5ni"ision+esme)ico%slams%us%

immigration%re6orm%bills%proposed%borderstory[id]#909:9=0, AH

1t too> a hile, but a6ter se"eral calls 6or action 6rom prominent intellectuals, theMe)ican go"ernment 7nally said something about the 5nited States proposed plansto scale up security on its side o6 the border. Me)icos Secretary o6 Ioreign A/airs,

Rose Meade, read a statement to reporters Tuesday a6ternoon in hich he criticizeda 5.S. bill that ould add =$$ miles o6 border 6encing and double the number o68order Patrol agents, in e)change 6or the legalization o6 ## million undocumentedimmigrants. (We are con"inced that 6ences do not unite Yboth nationsZ,( Meadesaid. (The enlargement o6 this all is not congruent ith plans to create a modernand secure border, and to de"elop the region.( Meade than>ed the 5.S. go"ernment

6or the bills main aim- trying to establish a legal status 6or millions o6undocumented immigrants li"ing in the 5.S., many o6 hom are Me)ican. 8ut hesaid that plans 6or increased 6encing and patrolling % hich ha"e been attached toimmigration re6orm e/orts by conser"ati"e politicians % ould hamper commercealong the border and disrupt the li"es o6 #0 million people ho li"e in counties oneither side o6 the 6ence. (Jur country has let the 5.S. go"ernment >no thatmeasures hich ill a/ect the lin>s beteen communities do not coincide ith theprinciples o6 good neighborship and shared responsibility,( Meade said in typicaldiplomatic parlance. is criticisms may sound tame, but they actually mar> aninteresting shi6t in the Me)ican go"ernments position on the immigration re6ormdebate . 1n recent years, the administrations o6 Presidents Enri?ue Peâ +ieto and

Ielipe CalderUn had stayed strictly on the sidelines o6 that debate, reluctant to issueany pronouncements that might sto>e 5.S. orries about Me)ican inter"ention inAmerican a/airs. Some analysts ha"e also argued that any Me)ican declarationscould be used as ammunition by congressional critics o6 immigration re6orm. 8uta6ter momentum gathered around plans 6or a la en6orcement buildup on theborder, se"eral ell%>non analysts in Me)ico pressed their go"ernment to saysomething about 5.S. immigration re6orm, arguing that at some point, Me)ico hadto stand up 6or the interests o6 its citizens at home and abroad. (This is acontradiction,( historian *orenzo Meyer said in a Monday morning radio sho aboutplans to build up border de6enses. (The 5nited States ants commerce ith Me)ico ,they ant Ylas that allo 5.S.Z in"estment, but they dont ant the una"oidable

part o6 this relationship beteen une?ual countries- The YMe)icanZ or>ers. ( (1t is a"ery un6riendly mo"e,( 6ormer 6oreign minister Rorge Castaêda said Tuesday onM3S +oticias, one o6 Me)icos top radio shos. Castaêda described the 5.S.proposal as something that ould happen along the borders o6 enemy countries(li>e +orth orea and South orea( % another border here the 5.S. stationsthousands o6 troops. So i6 the 5.S. border buildup proceeds, hat ill Me)ico do inresponse[ 1t is still unclear. 8ut a couple o6 suggestions ha"e been made.
http://abcnews.go.com/ABC_Univision/News/mexico-slams-us-immigration-reform-bills-proposed-border/story?id=19495974http://abcnews.go.com/ABC_Univision/News/mexico-slams-us-immigration-reform-bills-proposed-border/story?id=19495974http://abcnews.go.com/ABC_Univision/News/mexico-slams-us-immigration-reform-bills-proposed-border/story?id=19495974http://abcnews.go.com/ABC_Univision/News/mexico-slams-us-immigration-reform-bills-proposed-border/story?id=19495974


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A: &elations "e7 to atin Aerican stabilit7

Selee and %ilson 1,YAndre, 3ice President 6or Programs and Senior Ad"isor to the Me)ico1nstitute at the Wilson Center, Christopher, associate ith the Me)ico 1nstitute, A +e Agenda ith Me)ico,B WilsonCenter, +o"ember '$#', http-.ilsoncenter.orgsitesde6ault7lesa\ne\agenda\ith\me)ico.pd6Z

As Mexicos securit7 crisis begins to recede, the to & A #ew Agenda with

Mexico countries willalso have to do 5ar ore to strengthen thegovernents o5 Central Aerica 3 whichno 5ace a rising tide o5 violence as

organiBed crie groups ove southward: Mexico is also a U:S: all7 in

deterring terrorist threats and prooting robust deocrac7 in the

%estern )eisphere3 and there will be nuerous opportunities to

strengthen the alread7 active collaboration as growing econoic

opportunities reshape the regions political and social landscape:

: Instabilit7 causes global war

&ochlin D4YRames Irancis, Pro6essor o6 Political Science at J>anagan

5ni"ersity College. Disco"ering the Americas- the e"olution o6 Canadian6oreign policy toards *atin America,B p. #&$%#, #990ZWhile there ere economic moti"ations 6or Canadian policy in Central America, security considerations ereperhaps more important. Canada possessed an interest in promoting stability in the 6ace o6 a potential decline o65.S. hegemony in the Americas. Perceptions o6 declining 5.S. in@uence in the region O hich had some credibility in#9=9%#9ed to the prospect o6 e)plosi"e e"ents

occurring in the hemisphere. ence, the Central Aerican ibroglio was viewed as a

5use which could ignite a catacl7sic process throughout the region:

Anal7stsat the time worried thatin a orst%case scenario, instabilit7 created b7 a

regional war3 beginning in Central Aerica and spreading elsewhere in

atin Aerica3 ight preoccup7 %ashington to the extent that the United

States would be unable to per5or ade2uatel7 its iportant hegeonicrole in the international arenaO a concern e)pressed by the director o6 research 6or Canadas

Standing Committee 2eport on Central America. 1t as 6eared that such a predicaent could

generate increased global instabilit7 and perhaps even a hegeonic war: This is one o6 the moti"ations hich led Canada to become in"ol"ed in e/orts at regional con@ict resolution, such asContadora, as ill be discussed in the ne)t chapter.


13/15


14/15

,AC A'9 'erroris .A'erroris acts as a as" to validate border surveillance

despite border surveillance 5ailing to ?nd crie

Mar> arlin, Mar> arlin is the editor o6 8uzzIlash at Truthout._nbspL e ser"ed aseditor and publisher o6 8uzzIlash 6or ten years be6ore Qoining Truthout in'$#$._nbspL 8uzzIlash has on 6our ProQect Censored Aards. arlin rites acommentary 7"e days a ee> 6or 8uzzIlash, as ell as articles Granging 6rom the

6ailed (ar on drugs( to re"ies relating to political artH 6or Truthout., 8%#$%'$18,(Iear, Corporate Pro7teering, and o"ernment E)pansion o6 the SecuritySur"eillance State on the 5S 8orderland,( Truthout, http-.truth%out.orgnesitem#099&%6ear%corporate%pro7teering%and%go"ernment%e)pansion%o6%the%security%sur"eillance%state%on%the%us%borderland

Tom 8arry, ho recently rote on the strategic dys6unction o6 the 8order Patrol 6orTruthout,laments % in a 6ollo%upemail % about the aste o6 dollars and resources on an

agency lac>ing a "ital mission- Jn an institutional and personal le"el, the languageo6 (border security( 6unctions simultaneously as a mas> and crutch. The military

Qargon o6 threats, 6orard%operating bases, operational control, etc. hides the 6actthat this agencys operations ha"e little or nothing to do ith security. 2ather, it ismore about sitting bored, shi6t a6ter shi6t, in green%and%hite truc>s loo>ing 6orimmigrants and eed . Perhaps, Qust perhaps, this glori7ed sense o6 mission % thissecurity mas> % ould be o>ay i6 it e)isted primarily to >eep up moraleGloest among6ederal bureaucraciesH and to >eep these gals and guys aa>e in their truc>s. 8ut as seen in the strategystatements o6 all these homeland security agencies , especially C8P along ith 5S8P and J!ceo6 Air and Marine, the mas> is much more than an internal morale boosterL it 6unctions to

Qusti6y e"er higher budgets, increased presence in border communities, and

enormously e)pensi"e high%tech solutions .Jn March #, Tom Diaz, an e)pert on the dangerousbusiness model o6 the gun industry as>ed in a Washington Post column, (uns >ill more people. So hy does

terrorism get all the attention[( There ha"e been no credible reports o6 hordes o6 terroristsal>ing across the border 6rom Me)ico. 1mmigration, e"en hen it as at itshighest, had little impact on crime or "iolence in the 5S 8orderland.The so%calledWar on Drugs in Me)ico and the Americas is an abQect 6ailure , ith the 5S consumerdemand 6or illicit drugs remaining 6ully supplied and unabated. More than threetimes the number o6 Americans are >illed each year ith guns than the number o6li"es that ere lost in the 9## terrorist attac>s. Why can the 6ederal go"ernment do so little aboutthe domestic daily death toll made possible by the gun industry, but build up a massi"ely 6unded 8orderlandsecurity%sur"eillance industry[ 1ndeed, Eagle Eye E)positions Ghich is also o/ering a similar Canadian bordercon6erence later this year % and e"en a (lobal Summit o6 8orders( in MayH has 6ound itsel6 a matchma>er 6or 6orces

bent on turning Americas southern border into a zone o6 6ear. All signs are that, hate"er temporary budget battlesin DC, the 8orderland security industry ill >eep groing li>e a hedge 6und managers Cayman 1slands ban>account. And Eagle Eye E)positions ill dra a he6ty pro7t 6rom ser"ing as the go%to Gbut not the onlyH con"ention6or players in this groth business dependent upon the largesse o6 the go"ernment and its a!liated agencies.
http://truth-out.org/news/item/13603-border-patrols-new-strategy-highlights-agencys-lack-of-clear-directionhttp://truth-out.org/news/item/13603-border-patrols-new-strategy-highlights-agencys-lack-of-clear-directionhttp://articles.washingtonpost.com/2013-03-01/opinions/37364660_1_gun-violence-hadiya-pendleton-gun-industryhttp://articles.washingtonpost.com/2013-03-01/opinions/37364660_1_gun-violence-hadiya-pendleton-gun-industryhttp://truth-out.org/news/item/13603-border-patrols-new-strategy-highlights-agencys-lack-of-clear-directionhttp://truth-out.org/news/item/13603-border-patrols-new-strategy-highlights-agencys-lack-of-clear-directionhttp://articles.washingtonpost.com/2013-03-01/opinions/37364660_1_gun-violence-hadiya-pendleton-gun-industryhttp://articles.washingtonpost.com/2013-03-01/opinions/37364660_1_gun-violence-hadiya-pendleton-gun-industry


15/15

'errorists can still get through Canada- even with Mexico

border surveillanceClohert7 11GRac> Cloherty, A8C Rustice Dept.,omeland Security producer, Pierre Thomas, Senior RusticeCorrespondent 6or A8C +es, '###, Congress- 8order With Canada the Wea> *in> 1n Terror Security, A8C +es,http-abcnes.go.com5Snorthern%border%ea>%lin>%terror%securitystory[id]#'

Documents

Border Policy Affirmative - DDI 2015 MM