Booker T Washington

!  Believed in black self-help, economic independence

!  Criticized for being an “Uncle Tom”

!  Established the Tuskegee Institute: African American trade school

!  Most famous professor: George Washington Carver, inventor peanut products!

WEB DuBois

!  First black to earn a PhD from Harvard

!  Demanded complete equality and integration for blacks

!  Established the NAACP in 1909 (National Association for the Advancement of Colored People)

!  NAACP is still active today; hires lawyers to fight discriminatory laws

Morrill Act of 1862

!  Land was set aside in each state to build colleges

!  Over 100 colleges built as a result

Literature

!  Libraries greatly expanded in the late 1800s

!  Yellow journalism: ! Newspapers were more

sensational and scandalous to appeal to more ppl

!  Two famous yellow journalists were Joseph Pulitzer and William Hearst

Literature

!  Dime Novels: wild west paperbacks that were popular among youth

!  Horatio Alger: famous novelist that taught kids hard-work and Christian values through his novels

!  Mark Twain: captured frontier realism

Families

!  Divorce rate soared in the late 1800s b/c women had more opportunities for independence

!  Families smaller in cities, more use of birth control

!  Feminists began calling for daycare centers

Feminism

!  Women fought for suffrage 1848-1920

!  National American Women Suffrage Association founded in 1890

!  Wyoming allowed women to vote in 1869, other states followed

!  Black women had a separate suffrage movement

Temperance Movement

!  Movement to ban or reduce alcohol consumption

!  Started after the 2nd Great Awakening in the 1830s

!  Grew in the late 1800s !  Carrie A Nation “Bar

Room Smasher” led the movement

Music

!  Major cities created orchestras

!  Classical European music was combined with African American folk music to create rag, blues, and jazz

!  Phonograph provided Americans with “canned music”

Entertainment

!  Vaudeville: circus-like, dance-comedy shows that travelled the country

!  Minstrel Shows: Black or blackface comedy-music shows in the south

!  Barnum & Bailey’s Circus

!  Wild West Shows

Entertainment

!  Profession baseball established in the 1870s

!  Basketball invented in 1891

!  Bicycles and croquet also popular