Book: Nizam Al-Islam (Hindi)

fut+keqy bLyke‘’Sk[+k rd+h m}hu vU uCgkuh

NIZAMUL ISLAM(The System of Islam)

Taqiuddin an-Nabhani

Hindi Transliteration from Urdu edition

Urdu edition was translated from the original Arabic version.

2007 CE

2

1 rjhdqy bZeku

(THE WAY TO BELIEF)

balku g;kr]dk;ukr vkSj cuh uksv&,&bulku vkSj bu reke ds nqfu;koh ft+Unxh ls ekd+Cy vkSj ekckn ls rkYyqd+ ds ckjs esa viuh fQ+Dj dh cqfu;kn ij fu'kkrslkfu;k (Revival & Progress) dh jkg ij xket+u gksrk gS A pqukaps rjD+d+h djus ds fy, balku dh ekStwnk fQ+Dj dks rcnhy djds mldh txg nwljh fQ+Dj iSnk djuk vt+gn t+:jh gSA D;ksafd fQ+Dj gh oksg pht+ gS tks vf'k;k ds ckjs esa rlOoqjkr iSnk djrh gS vkSj mu rlOoqjkr dks ,d ejdt+ ij tek djrh gS A balku ft+Unxh ds ckjs esa vius rlOoqjkr ds eqrkfcd+ gh vius jo¸;s dks <kyrk gS A il ,d 'k[+l ds ckjs es balku eksgCcr ds rlOoqjkr j[krk gS rks mlds lkFk jo¸;k Hkh oks gh b[+kfr;kj djrk gSA blh rjg ftl 'k[+l ds ckjs es cqX+t+ ds rlOoqjkr j[krk gS rks mlds lkFk lqywd Hkh mlh fd+Le dk djrk gS A ftl 'k[+l dks igpkurk gh ugha vkSj mlds ckjs esas dksbZ rlOoqjkr gh ugh j[krk rks ml 'k[l ds lkFk jo¸;k Hkh mlh uksb¸;r dk j[ksxkA fQj bUlku dk jo¸;k ml ds rlOoqjkr ds lkFk ejcwr gS A il tc ge bUlku ds bl iLr jo¸;s dks rcnhy djds mls cqyan jo¸;s okyk cukuk pkgs rks lcls igys ges ml ds rlOoqjkr dks rcnhy djuk iM+sxk A lqjs jkn % vk;r 11 esa bj'kkns ckjh rkyk gS A

6ن4 :ه8 إ 8 الل Aر? ال ?غ8ي G م8ا ي 6ق8وIم 4ى ب I ح8ت وا Aر? ?غ8ي ه6مI م8ا ي Iف?س6 8ن 6أ ب

3

vYykg rkyk fdlh d+kSe dh gkyr dks ml oD+r rd ugh cnyrk rc rd oksg ml pht+ dks uk cnysa

tks mu ds vius uqQ++wl esa gS

[rjtqek evkuh vy dqjvku 13%11]

rlOoqjkr dks cnyus dk ,d gh jkLrk gS vkSj oksg nqfu;koh ft+Unxh ds ckjs esa fQ+Dj dk iSnk djuk gSA rkds ml ds t+fj;s nqfu;koh ft+Unxh ds ckjs essa lgh rlOoqjkr iSnk fd;s tk,sa A nqfu;koh ft+Unxh ds ckjs esa fQ+Dj ml oDr rd urhtk[ks+t+ rkSj ij ;dtak ugha gks ldrh tc rd dk;ukr] bUlku] g;kr vkSj mu lc dh nqfu;koh ft+Unxh ls ekd+Cy vkSj ekckn ds lkFk rkYyqd+ ds ckjs essa fQ+Dj iSnk uk gks tk,s A ;g fQ+Djs dk;ukr] bUlku vkSj g;kr ls ekojk ds ckjs es ,d eqdEey uqd+r&,&ut+j nsus ls iSnk gksrh gS] D;ksafd ;g gh ¼eqdEey fQ+Dj½ oks fQ+Djh d+k;nk gS ftl ij ft+Unxh ds ckjs esa reke vQ+dkj dh cqfu;kn d+k;e gS A bu vf'k;k ds ckjs esa eqdEey uqD+rk&,&ut+j nsuk gh bUlku ds md+nrqyd+qcjk ¼lc ls cMs+ elys ;kuh vd+hns½ dk gy gS A ft+l oD+r ;g md+nk gy gks tk,] ckd+h elkby Hkh gy gks tk,saxs D;ksafd oksg bl dh fulcr tqt+vbZ ;k Qq#b gSaA ysfdu ;g gy ml oD+r rd lgh rjDdh ¼ugt+k½ rd ugh igq¡pk ldrk tc rd dh ;g ,slk lgh gy uk gks tks fQrjrs bUlkuh ds ,su eqvkfQ+d+ vdy ds fy, fd+ukvr c[+'k vkSj fny dks eqrebZu dj nsus okyk uk gks A

;g lgh gy dk;ukr] bUlku vkSj g;kr ds ckjs es fQ+d+jseqlruhj ds cxS+j eqefdu ugh A bl fy, fu'kkrs lkfu;k ds [+kqgkb'keUnksa vkSj rjDdh dh

4

jkg ij pyus okyksa dks lcls igys bl md+ns dks fQ+d+jseqlruhj ds t+fj;s gy djuk pkfg,A ;s gy gh vd+hnk gS vkSj ;s gh oksg fQ+Djh d+k;nk gS ftl ij ft+Unxh ds pky pyu vkSj fut+ke gk; g;kr ds ckjs esa gj Qq+:bZ fQ+Dj dh cqfu;kn d+k;e gS A

vYykg rkyk ij bZeku dk rjhdk

bLyke us Hkh bl mD+nkrqydq+cjk ¼cqfu;knh xqRFkh½ dh rjQ+ roTts nh vkSj bUlku ds fy, bl dk ,slk gy is'k fd;k tks fQrjr ds ,su eqrkfc+d+ ] vD+y ds fy, d+kfcys d+qcwy vkSj fny dks eqrekbu dj nsus okyk gS A bLyke us vius vUnj nkf[k+y gksus dks bl gy ds vd+yh bd+jkj ij eksdw+Q+ fd;k gS A ;s gh otg gS dh bLyke ,d gh cqfu;kn ij dk;e gS vkSj oks vkd+hnk gS A oks ;g gS fd bl dk;ukr] bUlku vkSj g;kr ls ekojk ,d [k+kfyd+ gS A ftl us bu lc dks vkSj gj pht+ dks iSnk fd;k gS A oks vYykg rkyk gS A oks [k+kfyd+ vf'k;k dks vne ls oqtwn es yk;k vkSj oks gh okftcqy&oqtwn gS A oks xS+j e[k+ywd+ gS ojuk oks [k+kfyd+ uk gksrk A ml dk [k+kfyfd+;r dh flQ+r ls eqRrflQ+ gksuk bl vEj dk rdkt+k djrk gS dh oks xS+j e[k+ywd+ gks A ;g bl vEj dk rdkt+k Hkh djrk gS ds oks okftcqy oqtw+n gks D;kssafd reke vf'k;k vius oqtw+n esa ml dh eksgrkt gSa vkSj oksg fdlh dk eksgrkt ugh A

bUlku] g;kr] d+k;ukr x+Sj dh eksgrkt gSa

tgk¡ rd vf'k;k ds fy, ,d ,sls [k+kfyd+ ds oqtwn dh t+:jr dk rkYyqd+ gS rks ;g bl fy, gS ds

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oksg vf'k;k] ftu dk vD+y bnjkd djrh gS] elyu bUlku] g;kr] dk;ukr lc dh lc egnwn] vkftt+ vksj ukfd+l vkSj x+Sj dh eksgrkt gSSaaaaaaaaaaaa A il bUlku egnwn gSa D;ksafd oksg gj pht+ es ,d gn rd gh tk ldrk gS] ml ls rktkoqt+ ugh dj ldrk A fygkt+k oksg egnwn gS A ft+Unxh Hkh egnwn gS] D;ksafd bl dk eqt+fgj gh bufQ+jknh gS vkSj gokl ds t+fj;s bl dk eq'kkfgnk fd;k tkrk gS fd ;g ,d Q+nZ ds vUnj [k+re gksrh gS A fygkt+k ;g Hkh egnwn gS] dk;ukr Hkh egnwn gS] D;ksafd ;g ,sls btjke dk eteqvk gS ftu es gj fteZ egnwn gS vkSj egnwn vf'k;k dk eteqvk Hkh ykft+eh rkSj ij egnwn gS A ;gh otg gS ds bUlku dk;ukr vkSj g;kr lc ds lc d+rbZ rkSj ij egnwn gSa A tc ge ,d egnwn pht+ ij ut+j Mkyrs gSSaaaaaaaaaaaa rks ekywe gksrk gS fd oksg vt++yh ugha A D;ksafd oksg vxj vt+yh gksrh rks egnwn uk gksrh A fygkt+k egnwn pht+ ykt+eh rkSj ij fdlh xS+j dh e[k+ywd+ gksxh vkSj ;g xS+j gh (vYykg) bUlku] g;kr vkSj d+k;ukr dk [k+kfyd+ gS A fQj ;g [k+kfyd+ (;k rks fdlh vkSj dh e[k+ywd gksxk (;k [++kqn vius vki dk [k+kfyd+ gksxk (;k vt+yh vkSj okftcqy oqtwn gksxkA ml dk fdlh vkSj dh e[k+ywd gksuk rks ckfry gS D;ksafd bl lwjr es oksg egnwn Bgjsxk A uht+ vius vki dk [k+kfyd+ gksuk Hkh ckfry gS] D;ksafd bl lwjr es ;g ,d gh oD+r es vius vki dh [k++kfyd+ vkSj vius vki dk e[k+ywd+ gksxk] vkSj ;g Hkh ckfry gS A fygkt+k ;g [k+kfyd+ vt+yh vkSj okftcqy oqtwn gh gks ldrk gS vkSj ;g vYykg rkyk gSA

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bl ls c<+ dj ;g fd gj lkgscs vD+y bUlku egt+ vf'k;k, eglwlk ds oqtwn gh ls bl ckr dk bnjkd djrk gS fd bu dk dksbZ [k+kfyd+ gS A D;ksafd bu reke vf'k;k esa bl vEj dk eq'kkfgnk fd;k tk ldrk gS fd ;g ukfd+l] vkftt+ vkSj x+Sj dh eksgrkt gS] fygkt+k ;g d+rbZ rkSj ij e[k+ywd+ gSa A ;g gh otg fd [k+kfyds+ eqnfCcj ds oqtwn ij blfrnyky djus ds fy, dk;ukr] bUlku vkSj g;kr es ls fdlh ,d dh rjQ fuxkg Mkyuk gh dkQh gS A il d+k;ukr esa ekStwn flrkjks eas ls fdlh ,d flrkjs ij fuxkg Mkyuk vkSj ft+Unxh ds et+kfgj esa ls fdlh eqt+fgj esa x+kSjks [k+kst+ djuk] vkSj bUlku ds fdlh ,d igyw dk Hkh bnjkd djuk vYykg rkyk ds oqtwn ij d+rbZ nyhy gS A pqukaps ge ns[krs gSa dh dqjkus djhe bu vf'k;k dh rjQ+ roTtsg ectw+y djkrk gS vkSj bUlku dks nkor nsrk gS fd oksg vius ekgksy vkSj eqrkYysd+kr ij ut+j Mkys vkSj ;g ns[ks fd ;g vf'k;k fdl rjg x+Sj dh eksgrkt gaS]rks bUlku bl ds ufrts esa ,d [k+kfyds eqnfCcj ds oq+wn dk eqdEey rkSj ij bnjkd dj ysxk A bl ckjs es lSadM+ks vk;kr gS A

lwjs vkys bejku esa bj'kkn gS %

6ن4 لIق6 ف6ي إ م8او8ات6 خ8 رIض6 الس48 8ف6 و8األ 6ال ت Iل6 و8اخI 4ي 4ه8ار6 الل 8اتG و8الن آلي

وIل6ي? A8اب6 أل Iب األل

cs'kd vkleku vkSj t+ehu ds iSnk djus vkSj fnu jkr ds vny cny dj vkus tkus es vD+y okyks ds

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fy, fu'kkfu;k¡ gS % [rjtqek evkuh vy dqjvku 03%190]

lwjs jwe esa bj'kkn gS %

I6ه6 و8م6ن 8ات لIق? آي م8او8ات6 خ8 رIض6 الس48 Iف? و8األ 6ال8 ت Iو8اخ Iم? 6ك 8ت ن Iس6 8ل ?مI أ 6ك Iو8ان ل

8 و8أ

6ن4 8اتG ذ8ل6ك8 ف6ي إ ي 6م6ين8 آل8 Iع8ال Aل ل

vkSj ml dh fu'kkfu;ks es ls vklekuks vkSj t+ehu dh r[k+yhd+ gS vkSj rqEgkjh t+ckuks

vkSj jaxks dk eq[k+rfyQ+ gksuk A


lwjs x+kf'k;k esa bj'kkn gS %

8ف8ال8 ون8 أ 8نظ?ر? 6ل8ى ي 6ل6 إ 6ب Iف8 اإلI 8ي 6ق8تI ك ل 6ل8ى خ? م8اء و8إ Iف8 الس4 8ي ف6ع8تI ك ر?6ل8ى 8ال6 و8إ ب Iج6 Iف8 ال 8ي 8تI ك ?ص6ب ن

Hkyk ;g ugha ns[krs fd Å¡V dSls iSnk fd;k x;k \ vklekuks dks dSls cqyan fd;k x;k \ vkSj igkM+ dSls [kMs fd;s x;s \ vkSj t+ehu dks

dSls geokj fd;k x;k \ [rjtqek evkuh vy dqjvku 88%17-20]

lwjs rkfjd+ esa bj'kkn gS %

8نظ?ر6 Iي ان? ف8ل 6نس8 Iل6ق8 م6م4 اإل ل6ق8 خ? ج? د8اف6قG م4اء م6ن خ? 8خIر? Iن6 م6ن ي 8ي ب

6ب6 الص�لIب6 ائ 4ر8 و8الت

bUlku dks lkspuk pkfg, fd oksg fdl pht+ ls iSnk fd;k x;k \ bUlku dh iSnkbZ'k ml mNyus okys ikuh ls gqbZ tks Nkrh vkSj ilfy;ksa ds

njfe;ku ls fudyrk gS % [rjtqek evkuh vy dqjvku 86%5-7]

8

lwjs cd+jk esa bj'kkn gS %

6ن4 لIق6 ف6ي إ م8او8ات6 خ8 رIض6 الس48 8ف6 و8األ 6ال ت Iل6 و8اخI 4ي 4ه8ار6 الل Iف?لIك6 و8الن و8ال

6ي 4ت 8جIر6ي ال 8حIر6 ف6ي ت Iب 6م8ا ال 8نف8ع? ب 4اس8 ي ل8 و8م8ا الن 8نز8 :ه? أ م8اء م6ن8 الل الس4 8ا م4اء م6ن ي Iح

8 6ه6 ف8أ 8عIد8 األرIض8 ب 6ه8ا ب 8ث4 م8وIت ?لA م6ن ف6يه8ا و8ب 4ةG ك د8آب

8صIر6يف6 8اح6 و8ت ي Aر6 و8الس4ح8اب6 الرAخ Iم?س8 Iن8 ال 8ي م8اء ب رIض6 الس48 8اتG و8األ آلي

G Aق8وIم 8عIق6ل?ون8 ل ي ]

bl esa dksbZ 'kd ugh fd vklekuks vkSj t+ehu dh iSnkbZ'k esa] jkr fnu ds vny cny ds vkus tkus esa] vkSj mu d'kfr;ksa esssa tks bUlku

ds uQs+ ds fy, leanjks es nkSM+rh fQjrh gSSaaaaaaaaaaaa] vkSj ml ckfj'k ds ikuh esa ftls vYykg rkyk ukft+y djrk gS fd ftl ls t+ehu eqjnk gksus ds ckn g;krsuks gkfly djrh gS] ftl dh otg ls pksik, t+ehu ij QSys gq, gSa] vkSj

gokvks ds gSj QSj esa vkSj cknyksas ds vkleku vkSj t+ehu ds njfe;ku eql[+[+kj jgus

esa vD+y okyks ds fy, fu'kkfu;k¡ gS A


bu ds vykok dbZ vkSj vk;kr esa bUlku dks mu vf'k;k ]vius egkSy vkSj eqrkYysd+kr ij xgjh ut+j Mkyus dh nkor nh xbZ gS] ftu ls bUlku [k+kfyds+ eqnfCcj ds oqtwn ij blfrnyky dj ldrk gS] rkfd vYykg rkyk ij ml dk bZeku jkfl[k+] vD+yh vkSj eqnYyy gks A

fQ+rjh bZeku vkSj fotnku

th gk¡ ! [k+kfyd+s eqnfCcj ij bZeku ykuk gj bUlku ds vUnj ,d fQ+rjh vEj gS A exj ;g fQ+rjh

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bZeku fotnku ds t+fj;s gkfly gksrk gS A ysfdu flQZ+ ;g rjhd+k ¼fotnkuh½ uk vdsyk eaft+y rd ig¡qpk ldrk gS vkSj uk vatke ds ,rsckj ls egQw+t+ gS A D;ksafd fotnku vdlj vksd+kr ,slh vf'k;k ij bZeku ykus dk lcc cu tkrk gS ftu dk gd+hd+ru dksbZ oqtwn ugh gksrk A ysfdu bl ds ckoqtwn fotnku mu dks bZeku ykus ds fy, flQ+krs ykft+ek [k;ky djrk gS A ;ksa bUlku dq¶+j ;k xqejkgh es tk fxjrk gS A cqrijLrh] [k+qjkQ+r] vksgke fotnku dh gh xYrh dk urhtk gSa A ;gh otg gS ds bLyke us flQZ fotnku dks bZeku dk rjhd+k d+jkj ugh fn;k ] fd dgha bUlku vYykg rkyk ds fy, ,sslh flQ+kr uk Bgjkys tks 'kkus myqfg;r ds eqrkukfd+t+ gksa A ;k dghaa vYykg dks eknnh vf'k;k es eqtfLle uk le> cSBs ;k dghs eknnh vf'k;k dh bcknr ls vYykg rkyk ds rd+Zjqc dks eqefdu uk le>us yxs ftl ds urhts es dq+¶+j ;k f'kZd dj cSBs ;k ,sls vksgke vkSj [+kqjkQ+kr es Qal tk,s tks bekus lkfnd+ ds eukQh+ gSa A bl fy, bLyke us fotnku ds lkFk vD+y ds bLrseky dks ykt+eh djkj fn;k vkSj vYykg rkyk ij beku ykus ds fy, vD+y ds bLrseky dks t+:jh dj fn;k A vd+hns es rd+yhn ls euk fd;k vkSj vYykg rkyk ij bZeku ykus ds fy, flQ+Z vD+y dks gde ¼lkfyl½ d+jkj fn;k A

lwjs vkys bejku esa bj'kkn gS %

6ن4 لIق6 ف6ي إ م8او8ات6 خ8 رIض6 الس48 8ف6 و8األ 6ال ت Iل6 و8اخI 4ي 4ه8ار6 الل 8اتG و8الن آلي

وIل6ي? A8اب6 أل Iب األل

10

cs'kd vklekuks vkSj t+ehu dh iSnkbZ'k esa vkSj fnu jkr ds vny cny dj vkus tkus esa vD+y

okyks ds fy, fu'kkfu;k¡ gSaA


bZeku ecuh cj vD+y vkSj ecuh cj nyhy

bl fy, gj eqLkyeku dk bZeku ykt+eh rkSj ij x+ksjks &fQ+Dj vkSj cglks&ut+j dh cqfu;kn ij gksuk pkfg, A vYykg rkyk ij bZeku ykus esa flQZ+ vD+y dks gde ¼lkfyl½ cuk ysuk pkfg, A dqjkus ethn dh dbZ lwjrks esa lSdM+kas vk;kr gS tks vYykg rkyk dh lqUurksa dks ns[kus vkSj vYykg rkyk ij bZeku ykus ds fy, jkguqekbZ gkfly djus dh [k+kfrj d+k;ukr esa x+kSjks&fQ+D+j dh nkor nsrh gSa A

;g lc dh lc vk;kr balku dh vD+yh vkSj fQ+djh d+qOorksa dks rnCcqj vkSj rkvEeqy ls dke ysus dh nkor nsrh gSa A rkfd bldk bZeku ecuh cj vD+y vkSj ecuh cj nyhy gks A ;g vk;kr balku dks Mkjkrh gS fd oks vius vckvks&vtnkn ¼iwoZtksa½ ds vd+kbn vkSj vkeky dks x+kSjks&fQ+D+j] cglks reghl vkSj gd+ ds ckjs es t+krh ,rsekn gkfly fd, cxS+j d+qcwy uk djs A ;g gS oksg beku ! ftl dh bLyke nkor nsrk gS A ;g oksg bZeku ugha ftldks bZekuqy vtkbt+ ;kfu cw<+h vkSjrksa dk bZeku dgrs gS] cYdh ;g ml jks'ku fQ+Dj vkSj lkgscs ;dhu 'k[+l dk bZeku gksrk gS tks ut+j vkSj fQ+Dj ls dke ysrk gS vkSj x+kSjks&[+kkst+ djrk gS A fQj blh fQ+Djks&ut+j vkSj cglks rQ+dhj ls oksg ml vYykg

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rkyk ij bZekuks ;d+hu rd igq¡prk gS tks csiukg d+qnjr dk ekfyd gS A vxjps bZeku fcYykg rd igq¡pus ds fy, balku ij vD+y dk bLrseky QtZ+ gS ysfdu balku ds fy, ml t+kr dk bnjkd eqefdu ugh tks ml ds gokl vkSj vD+y ls ekojk gS A bl dh otg ;g gS fd balkuh vD+y egnwn gSA balkuh dqO+o+rsa pkgs fdruh gh cqyan D;ksa uk gksa egnwn gh gS vkSj viuh gqnwn ls vkxs ugh c<+ ldrha A pquk¡ps balku egnwnqy bnjkd gS A ekywe gqvk fd balku vYykg rkyk dh t+kr ds bnjkd+ ls d+kflj gS vkSj vYykg rkyk dh gd++hd+r ds bnjkd ls Hkh vkftt+ gS A D;ksafd vYykg rkyk dk;ukr] balku vkSj g;kr ls ekojk gS vkSj vD+ys balkuh balku ls ekojk fdlh pht+ dk bnjkd ugh dj ldrh A blfy, oksg vYykg rkyk dh t+kr ds bnjkd+ ls vkftt+ gS A ysfdu ;g¡k ij ;g Hkh ugha dgk tk ldrk fd balku dh vD+y vYykg rkyk dh t+kr ds bnjkd+ ls vkftt+ gS rks fQj balku vD+yh rkSj ij vYykg rkyk ij bZeku dSls yk, \ D;ksafd vYykg rkyk ij bZeku ykus dk eryc gS fd vYykg rkyk ds oqtwn ij bZeku ykuk] vkSj vYykg rkyk ds oqtwn dk bnjkd+ ml dh e[k+ywd+kr ds oqtwn ds bnjkd+ ls gksrk gS] vkSj ml dh e[k+ywd+kr dk;ukr] balku vkSj g;kr gSa] vkSj ;g e[k+ywd+kr vD+y ds bnjkd dh gqnwn esa nkf[ky gSa A bl fy, vD+y us bu lc dk bnjkd+ fd;k vkSj bu ds bnjkd dh otg ls vius [k+kfyd dh ekStwnxh dk Hkh bnjkd+ fd;k vkSj oksg [k+kfyd+ vYykg rkyk gS A pquk¡ps vYykg dss oqtwn ij bZeku vD+yh vkSj vD+y dh gqnwn ds vnaj gS cj f[k+ykQ vYykg rkyk dh t+kr dk bnjkd tks uk eqefdu gSa A D;kssafd vYykg rkyk dh t+kr

12

dk;ukr] balku vkSj g;kr ls ekojk gS A bl fy, oksg vD+y ls Hkh ekojk gS A vD+y ds fy, ;g uk eqefdu gS fd oksg vius ls ekojk fdlh pht+ dk bnjkd dj lds A vD+y dh ;g vkftt+h ¼viuss ls ekojk dk bnjkd+ uk gksuk bZeku dks rd+fo;r igq¡pkrh gSa A ;g fdlh fd+Le ds 'kd dk lcc ugh cu ldrhA D;ksssafd tc vYykg ij gekjk bZeku vD+yh gkss rks ml ds oqtwn dk bnjkd Hkh eqdEey bnjkd+ gksxk A tc vYykg rkyk ds oqtwn ds ckjs esa gekjk 'kÅj vD+yh gks rks vYykg rkyk ds oqtwn ds ckjs esa gekjk ;g 'kÅj ;d+huh gksxk A bl ls gekjs vnaj eqdEey bnjkd+ vkSj ,d ,slk ;d+huh 'kÅj iSnk gksrk gS tks mywfg;r dh reke flQkr ds gokys ls gksrk gS A pqu¡kps bl vEj dk rd+kt+k gS fd ge vius bZeku dh et+cwrh dh cqfu;kn ij gjfxt+ vYykg rkyk dh gd+hd+r ds bnjkd+ dh rkd+r ugha j[krsA bl fy, ge ij Q+t+Z gS fd ge ml pht+ dks rlyhe djsa ftldh ges [+kcj nh xbZ gS vkSj ftlds bnjkd+ djus ;k ml ds bnjkd+ rd igq¡us ls gekjh vD+y d+kflj gSA bl dk lcc ;gh gS fd vD+ys balkuh viuh rcbZ vkftt+h dh otg ls vius egnwn fulcrh iSekuksa ds t+fj;s vius ekojk dk bnjkd+ ugha dj ldrhA D;ksafd bl bnjkd+ ds fy, ,sls iSekuks dh t+:jr gS tks uk rks fulcrh gkas vkSj uk egnwn gksa vkSj ;g ,d ,slh pht+ gS ftl dk balku uk ekfyd gS vkSj uk dHkh ekfyd gks ldrk gSA

jlwyksa dh t+:jr

vc jgh jlwyks dh t:jr ds lqcwr dh ckr! rks ;g ckr lfcr gks pqdh gS balku vYykg rkyk dh e[k+ywd+ gS vkSj rn¸;qu balku ds vanj ,d fQ+rjh

13

pht+ gS A D;ksafd ;g ftfcYyrksa esa ls ,d ftfcYyr gSA balku viuh fQ+rjr ds fygkt+ ls vius [k+kfyd+ dh rd+nhl djrk gS vkSj ;s gh rd+nhl bcknr gS A ;s gh balku vkSj [k+kfyd+ ds njfe;ku rkYyqd+ gS vkSj vxj bl rkYyqd+ dks cxS+j fd+lh fut+ke ds NksM+ fn;k tk, rks ;g ijs'kkuh ¼ijkxanxh½ vkSj x+Sj [k+kfyd+ dh bcknr dh rjQ ys tkrk gS A pquk¡ps bl rkYyqd+ dks ,d lgh fut+ke ds t+fj;s equT+t+e djuk pkfg, vkSj ;g fut+ke dksbZ balku ugh cuk ldrk A D;ksfda oksg [k+kfyd+ dh gd+hd+r dk bnjkd+ gh ugh dj ldrk rks ml ds lkFk rkYyqd+ ds fy, fut+ke fdl rjg cuk,xk \ fygkt+k ;g fut+ke [k+kfyd+ gh cuk ldrk gS A fQj [k+fyd+ bl fut+ke dks balkuks rd dSls igq¡pk,xk \ il vYykg ds nhu ¼fut+ke½ dks yksxksa rd igq¡pkus ds fy, jlwyks dh t+:jr gS A

balkuks ds fy, jlwyks dh t+:jr dh ;g Hkh nyhy gS fd ;g ckr d+rbZ vkSj ;d+huh gS ds balku viuh ftfcYyrksa vkSj vt+fo;krh gktkr (Instincts &Organic Needs) dks iwjk djrk gS A vxj ;g ftfcYyrksa vkSj ftLekuh gktkr dk iwjk djuk cx+Sj fdlh fut+ke ds gks rks ;g x+yr vkSj f[+kykQ+s ekewy gksus dh otg ls balku dh cnc[k+rh dk lcc cu ldrk gS A fygkt+k ,d ,sls fut+ke dh t+:jr gS tks balku dh ftfcYyrksa vkSj vt+fo;krh gktkr dks equT+te vankt+ ls iwjk djs vkSj ;g fut+ke balku ugh cuk ldrk A D;ksfda balkuh ftfcYyrksa vkSj vt+fo;krh gktkr dks equT+t+e djus ds ckjs esa ml dk Q+ge rQk+oqr] b[k+frykQ+ vkSj rukdqt+ dk f'kdkj gksrk jgrk gS A blh rjg oksg ml ekgksy ls Hkh

14

eqrkfLlj gksrk gS ftl +esa oksg jg jgk gSa A il vxj fut+ke dks ot+k djuk balku ij NksM+ fn;k tk, rks ;g fut+ke rQk+oqr] b[kfrykQ vkSj rukdqt dk fu'kkuk cusxk vkSj balku dh cnc[k+rh dk lcc cu tk,xk A pqu¡kps fut+ke vYykg rkyk gh dh rjQ ls gks ldrk gS A

d+qjku vYykg dk dyke

jgh ;g ckr fd dqjku dk vYykg dh fdrkc gksus dk D;k lqcwr gS \ rks ckr ;g gS fd dqjku ,d vjch fdrkc gS ftl dks eksgEen ys dj vk;s A fygkt+k ;k rks ;g fdrkc vjc dh rjQ+ ls gksxh ;k eksgEen dh tkfuc ls] ;k fQj vYykg rkyk dh rjQ+ ls A bu rhuks ds vykok ;g fdlh vkSj tkfuc ls ugh gks ldrh D;ksafd bl dh t+cku Hkh vjch gS vkSj mlywc HkhA

vc tgk¡ rd dqjku ds vjc dh tkfuc ls gksus dk rkYyqd+ gS rks ;g ckfry gS D;ksafd dqjku us vjc dks pSysat fd;k fd oksg bl tSlh fdrkc ysdj vk;sa

lwjs gwn esa bj'kkn gS %

Iق?ل I ?وا Iت ر6 ف8أ I6ع8ش و8رG ب 6ه6 س? Iل مAث

vki dg nhft, fd bl tSlh nl lwjrs ys vkvks A [rjtqek evkuh vy dqjvku 11%13]

lwjs ;wuql esa bj'kkn gS %

Iق?ل I ?وا Iت ةG ف8أ ور8 6س? 6ه6 ب Iل مAث ]

vki dg nhft, fd bl tSlh ,d lwjr gh ys vkvks A [rjtqek evkuh vy dqjvku 10%38]

15

vjcks us bl tSlh lwjrsa ykus dh lj rksM+ dksf'k'k dh ysfdu ukdke gq, A ekywe gqvk fd ;g vjcksa dk dyke ugh ojuk oks bl tSlk dyke ykus es uk vkftt+ gksrs vkSj uk pSysat dk tokc nsus esa ukdke gksrsA ;g dguk fd dqjku eksgEen dh fdrkc gS] rks ;g fcYdqy ckfry gS A D;ksafd eksgEen Hkh ,d vjch Fks vkSj ukcx+k] pkgs oksg fdruk gh cqyan D;ks uk gks] vkf[k+j c'kj vius eqvk'kjs vkSj d+kSe dk ,d Q+nZ gh gksrk gSA pquk¡ps tc vjc dqjku dh fely ugh yk lds rks ;g eksgEen vjch ij Hkh lkfnd+ vkrk gS fd vki Hkh bldh fely ugha yk ldrs A fygkt+k dq+jku eksgEen dh tkfuc ls Hkh ugha A bl ds vykok ;g ckr Hkh gS fd eksgEen dh nwljh lgh vkgknhl Hkh gS] tks eqrkokfrj fjok;kr ls ge rd igq¡ph gS vkSj tks ;d+huu lPph gaSAtc fdlh Hkh gnhl dk fdlh vk;kr ls eqokt+uk fd;k tk, vkSj ns[kk tk,s rks ekywe gksrk gS fd nksuksa ds mlywc es dksbs eq'kkcsgr ugha A gykads eksgEen ftl oD+r ukft+y gksus okyh vk;kr dh frykor Q+jek;k djrs Fks mlh oD+r ;g vgknhl Hkh c;ku Q+jek;k djrs Fks A fQj Hkh mu ds mlywc esa cgqr cM+k Q+d+Z gSA balku dk dyke]pkgs oksg fdruk gh eqrkuOos D;ksa uk gks ml esa mlywc dh eq'kkcsgr t:j gksrh gS vkSj dq+jku vkSj gnhl esa mlywc dh eq'kkcsgr fcYdqy ughaArks ekywe gqvk fd dq+jku eksgEen dk dyke gjfxt+ ugha D;ksafd nksuksa ds njfe;ku okt+sg vkSj ljhg b[k+frykQ+ gS A ckoqtwn ;g ds ,gys vjc vjch dyke ds vlkyhc ds ekfgj Fks ysfdu mUgksus dHkh ;g nkok ugha fd;k fd ;g eksgEen dk dyke gS];k vki ds dyke ls eq’kfcgr j[krk gS A

16

vycRrk mUgksaus ;g nkok t+:j fd;k fd ;g dq+jku eksgEen ,d uljkuh xq+yke tCj ls lh[k dj rS;kj djrs gSaa A bl fy, vYykg rkyk us mu ds bl nkos dks jí djrs gq,s lwjs ugy esa bj'kkn Qjek;k%

I8ق8د 8م? و8ل 8عIل 4ه?مI ن ن8 ?ون8 أ 8ق?ول 4م8ا ي 6ن Aم?ه? إ ?ع8ل ر ي 8ش8 ان? ب 4ذ6ي لAس8 Iح6د?ون8 ال ?ل Iه6 ي 8ي 6ل إ

8عIج8م6ي ان و8ه8ذ8ا أ 6ي ل6س8 ب 6ين ع8ر8 م�ب

vkSj cs'kd ge tkurs gSa fd oksg dgrs gSa fd bls ,d balku d+q+jku fl[kkrk gS] ml 'k[+l dh t+cku ftl dh rjQ ;g bl d++qjku dks eulwc djrs gSa] vteh gSa A gkykafd ;g d+q+jku ,d lkQ+

vkSj okt+sg vjch t+cku esa gSA [rjtqek evkuh vy dqjvku 16%103]

tc ;g lkfcr gks x;k fd dq+jku uk vjc dk dyke gSa vkSj uk gh eksgEen dk rks ;g ;d+huu vYykg dk dyke gS] vkSj tks bl dks ysdj vk;k ];g ml ds fy, ,d eksftt+k gSA

pw¡fd eksgEen bl dks ysdj vk;s vkSj ;g d+qjku vYykg dk dyke vkSj vYykg dh 'kfj;r gS A vYykg dh 'kfj;r dks dksbZ uch vkSj jlwy gh ysdj vkrk gS rks d+rbZ rkSj ij vD+yh nyhy ds t+fj;s ekywe gqvk fd eksgEen vYykg ds jlwy gSaaaaaaA

;g gS vYykg rkyk ij bZeku]eksgEen dh fjlkyr vkSj dqjku ds dykeqYyk gksus dh vD+yh nyhy! fygkt+k ekywe gqvk fd vYykg rkyk ij bZeku vD+yh rjhds+ dh cqfu;kn ij gksuk pkfg, vkSj ;g bZeku vD+yh gSA D;ksafd ;gh oksg cqfu;kn gS ftl ij reke eqx+hckr ij bZeku vkSj gj ml pht+ ij bZeku ftl dh vYykg rkyk us [k+cj nh gS] d+k;e gSzzA tc ge

17

vYykg rkyk vkSj ml dh flQ+krs Åywfg;r ij bZeku yk,]rks ykt+eh rkSj ij gesa mu pht+ks ij bZeku ykuk pkfg,] ftu dh ges vYykg rkyk us [k+cj nh gS A pkgs vD+y mu dk bnjkd dj ldrh gS] ;k ;g ekojk, vD+y gksaA D;ksafd mu ds ckjs es vYykg gh us [k+cj nh gSA bl fy, mu pht+ks ij Hkh bZeku ykuk Q+tZ+ gS]ftu dk ft+Dj dqjku es ;k vgknhls eqrkokfrj esa gSA d+;ker dk fnu] tUur] tgUuqe] vt+kc] eyk;dk] ftu vkSj 'k;krhu]fglkc fdrkc ox+SjkA ;g bZeku vxjps ud+yh vkSj lekbZ rjhd+s ij gS ]ysfdu njvly ;g vD+yh bZeku gS A D;ksafd bl dh vLy vD+yh rkSj ij lkfcr gks pqdh gS A ;gh otg gS fd gj eqlyeku dk vd+hnk vD+y vkSj ml pht+ dh cqfu;kn ij gksuk pkfg,] ftl dh vLy ¼cqfu;kn½ vD+y ij gks A il eqlyeku gj ml pht+ ij ,rsd+kn j[ks] tks vD+yh ;k d+rbZ vkSj ;d+huh lebZ rjhd+s ij lkfcr gks A nwljs vyQkt+ esa oksg dqjku ;k gnhls eqrkokfrj ls lkfcr gks A tks pht+ bu nksuksa ¼dqjku vkSj lqUur½ ls lkfcr uk gks ml ij ,rsd+kn j[kuk gjke gSA D;ksafd vd+hns dh nyhy d+rbZ gh gks ldrh gS A

;gh otg gS fd ekd+Cy vt+ g;kr] ;kuh vYykg rkyk] vkSj ekckn vt+ g;kr] ;kfu d+;ker ij bZeku ykuk Q+tZ++ gS A bl ckr ij bZeku j[kuk dh vYykg rkyk ds vokfej o uokgh gh ekd+Cy vt+ g;kr dk bl g;kr ds lkFk vkSj blh rjg e[kywd+ ds lkFk rkYyqd+ d+k;e djrs gS A balku ds nqfu;k es fd;s x;s vkeky ds eqgkflcs ls g;krs nqfu;k dk ckn vt+ nqfu;oh g;kr ds lkFk rkYyqd+ d+k;e gksrk gS] ;kuh bl ¼nfu;koh ft+Unxh½ dk d;ker ls rkYyqd+ d+k;e gksrk gS A

18

D;kssafd bl ekStwnk ft+Unxh dk ekd+Cy vkSj ekckn ls rkYyqd+ ykt+eh gS A bl ft+Unxh esa balku ds vkgoky bl rkYyqd+ ds lkFk eqd+;;n gksa A pquk¡ps balku ft+Unxh esa vYykg rkyk ds fut+kekas ds eqrkfcd pys vkSj ;g ,rsd+kn j[ks fd d;ker ds fnu nqfu;oh vkeky ij ml dk eqgkflck gksxk A

;ghaaaaaaaaaaaa ls dk;ukr] g;kr vkSj balku] blh rjg ekd+Cy vt+ g;kr vkSj ekckn vt+ g;kr vkSj bl g;krs nqfu;koh ds ekd+Cy vt+ g;kr vkSj ekckn vt+ g;kr ls rkYyqd+ ds ckjs esa fQ+djseqlruhj ¼jks'ku f¶+dj½ iSnk gksrh gS A vkSj ;w¡ md+nrqy dqcjk bLykeh vd+hns ds t+fj;s tkes rkSj ij gy gks x;k A

tc balku bl gy ls Qkfjx+ gks tkrk gS] rc nqfu;koh ft+Unxh ds ckjs esa fQ+Dj dh rjQ eqrkoTtsg gksrk gS A fQj ml ds urhts esa oksg lPps rlOoqjkr rd igq¡prk gS A ekywe gqvk fd ;gh gy oksg cqfu;kn gS ftl ij oksg ecnk d+k;e gS] tks ugt+k ¼fu'kkrs lkfu;k½ ds rkSj ij b[k+fr;kj fd;k tkrk gS A vkSj ;gh oksg cqfu;kn gS ftl ij bl ecns dh rgt+hc dk;e gS A ;gh oksg vlkl gS] ftl ls ml ds fut+ke QwVrs gS vkSj ;gh oksg vlkl gS]ftl ij fj;klr dh cqfu;kn gS A il ekywe gqvk fd ftl vlkl ij bLyke dh cqfu;kn d+k;e gS] oksg fQ+Dj vkSj rjhd+k nksuksa ds fygkt+ ls ;gh bLykeh vd+hnk gS A

8ا �ه8ا ي ي8 4ذ6ين8 أ I ال ?وا I آم8ن ?وا :ه6 آم6ن 6الل 6ه6 ب ول س? 8اب6 و8ر8 Iك6ت 4ذ6ي و8ال ل8 ال 8ز4 ع8ل8ى ن

6ه6 ول س? 8اب6 ر8 Iك6ت 4ذ6ي8 و8ال ل8 ال 8نز8 Iل? م6ن أ Iف?رI و8م8ن ق8ب 8ك :ه6 ي 6الل 6ه6 ب 8ت 6ك 8ئ و8م8ال

6ه6 ?ب ?ت 6ه6 و8ك ل س? 6 و8ر? 8وIم Iي µ ض8ل4 ف8ق8دI اآلخ6ر6 و8ال 8ال 8ع6يدµا ض8ال ب

19

,s bZeku okykas ! bZeku ykvks vYykg rkyk ij] ml ds jlwyksa ij ]ml dh fdrkc ij] tks ml us vius jlwy ij ukft+y Q+jekbZ gS vkSj mu fdrkcksa ij] ftUgsa vYykg rkyk us bl ls igys ukft+y Q+jek;k gS A vkSj tks dksbZ budkj djsxk vYykg rkyk] ml ds ekyk;dk] ml dh fdrkcksa] ml ds jlwyksa vkSj vk[ks+jr ds fnu dk] rks oksg cgqr nwj dh xqejkgh esa eqcfryk gks tk,sxk A


;g ckr rks lkfcr gks pqdh gS fd bLyke ds ecns ij bZeku ,d d+rbZ vEj ds rkSj ij bl pht+ dks ykft+e d+jkj nsrk gS fd eqlyeku iwjh 'kfj;r ij eqdEey bZeku yk,] D;ksafd ;g 'kfj;r dqjkus ikd esa gS vkSj bl dks jlwywYykg ysdj vk;s gSaaaaaaaaaaaa A ojuk balku dkfQ+j gksxkA fygkt+k vkgdkes 'kfj;k] ;kfu mu vkgdke dk tks d+rbZ rkSj ij lkfcr gSa] budkj dq¶+j gS] pkgs mu vkgdkekr dk rkYyqd+ bZcknkr ls gks ;k eqvkeykr ls gks] md+qckr ls gks ;k erqekr lsA il ftl rjg bl vk;r dk badkj dq¶+j gS

G وا JيمMقOأ Oو OةOال Tالص

uekt+ d+k;e djksA[rjtqek evkuh vy dqjvku 2%43]

fcYdqy blh rjg bl vk;r dk badkj Hkh dq¶+j gS %

Tل OحOأ Oو JهZالل OعGيOبGال Oم Tر OحOا وOب bسورة: البقرة - األية:الر] 275[

20

vYykg us frtkjr dks gyky dj fn;k vkSj lwn dks gjke dj fn;kA [rjtqek evkuh vy dqjvku 2%275]

vkSj ftl rjg bl vk;r dk badkj dq¶+j gS fd %

JقMار TالسOو Jة OقMار TالسOو GواJعOطGاق Oا ف Oم JهOيMدGيO أ ]

pksj pkgs enZ gks ;k vkSjr] nksuksa ds gkFk dkV nks A [rjtqek evkuh vy dqjvku 05%38]

bl rjg bl vk;r dk badkj Hkh dq¶+j gS %

Iم8ت Aم? ح?ر? Iك 8ي 8ة? ع8ل Iت Iم8ي Iد4م? ال 8حIم? و8ال Iز6ير6 و8ل ن Iخ6 ?ه6ل4 و8م8ا ال Iر6 أ 6غ8ي :ه6 ل 6ه6 الل ب]3[سورة: المائدة - األية:

rqe ij eqjnkj] [kwu] f[k+ut+hj dk xks'kr vkSj xSj vYykg ds uke dk t+chgk gjke dj fn;k x;k

gS A [rjtqek evkuh vy dqjvku 05%03]

vkSj 'kfj;r ij bZeku vD+y ij eksd+wQ+ ugh A cYdh vYykg rkyk ds gj gqdqe dks cxS+j fdlh 'k'kksiat ds ekuuk pkfg, %

O ال Oف Oكbب OرOو Oال OونJن Mم GؤJي OىTت Oح OوكJمbك OحJا ي Oيم Mف Oر Oج Oش Gم JهOنGيOب TمJث Oال GواJد MجOي يMف Gم Mه Mس JنفOا أ �ج Oر Oا ح Tم bم OتGي OضOق GواJمbل OسJي Oو

ا �لMيم GسO65 [سورة: النساء - األية: ت[

,s eksgEen rqEgkjs jc dh d+le! ;g ml oD+r rd eksfeu ugh gks ldrs tc rd fd ;g vkidks vius b[k+frykQ+kr essa QS+lyk djus okyk uk cuk ysa A fQj tc vki Q+Slyk djsa rks ;g vius vanj

dksbZ fxjkuh eglwl uk djsa A cYdh bu Q+Slyks ds lkeus lj fuxw¡ gks tk,sa A [rjtqek

evkuh vy dqjvku 04%65]

21

2 d+t+k ok d+nz

lwjs vkys bejku es vYykg ryk dk bj'kkn gS

8ان8 و8م8ا 8فIسG ك 6ن 8نI ل 8م?وت8 أ 4 ت 6ال 6ذIن6 إ 6إ µا الله ب 8اب 6ت µ ك [سورة: آلم�ؤ8ج4ال]145عمران - األية:

dksbZ tkunkj vYykg ds gqdqe ds cx+Sj ugh ejrk vkSj bldh ekSr dk oDr ¼r;'kqnk½ gksrk

gS A [rjtqek evkuh vy dqjvku 03%145]

lwjs vys vkjkQ+ es bj'kkn gS%

Aل? 6ك م4ةG و8ل? 8ج8ل أ 6ذ8ا أ ?ه?مI ج8اء ف8إ ل ج8

8 8 أ ون8 ال Iخ6ر? 8أ ت I8س اع8ةµ ي 8 س8 و8ال

8قIد6م?ون8 ت I8س ]34 [سورة: األعراف - األية: ي

gj mEer ds fy;s ,d vty ¼eqdZj oDr½ gS cl tc mu dh vty vk tkrh gS rks og ml ls ,d iy Hkh vkxs ihNs ugh gks ldrs A [rjtqek evkuh vy

dqjvku 07%34]

lwjs vy gnhn es bj'kkn gS%

ص8اب8 م8ا8 8ةG م6ن أ رIض6 ف6ي م�ص6يب

8 Iف6ي و8ال8 األ Iم? ك 8نف?س6 6ال4 أ 8ابG ف6ي إ 6ت كIل6 مAن 8ن ق8ب 8ه8ا أ أ Iر8 4ب 6ن4 ن 6ك8 إ 4ه6 ع8ل8ى ذ8ل ير الل 8س6 ي

]22[سورة: الحديد - األية:

tks Hkh vkQr iM+rh gS t+ehu esa ;k rqEgkjh tkuks esa ge us bl dks iSnk djus ls igys gh

fy[k fn;k gS];dhuu ;g vYykg ds fy;s vklku gS A [rjtqek evkuh vy dqjvku 57%22]

lwjs vr rkSck es bj'kkn g%

22

8ا ل4ن ق?ل 8ن ?ص6يب 4 ي 6ال 8ب8 م8ا إ 8ت :ه? ك 8ا الل 8ن 8ا ه?و8 ل 8ن :ه6 و8ع8ل8ى م8وIال الل

4ل6 8و8ك 8ت Iي ?ون8 ف8ل Iم?ؤIم6ن ]51 [سورة: التوبة - األية: ال

dg nhft;s ge ij dksbZ eqlhcr ugh vkrh exj og tks vYykg rkyk us gekjs fy;s fy[k nh gks cs'kd

og ¼vYykg½ gekjk fuxsgcku gS vkSj eksfeuks dks mlh ij Hkjkslk djuk pfg;s A


lwjs lck esa bj'kkns ckjh rkyk gS%

ب? ال8 8عIز? Iه? ي Iق8ال? ع8ن ةG م6ث م8او8ات6 ف6ي ذ8ر4 رIض6 ف6ي و8ال8 الس48 Iغ8ر? و8ال8 األIص

8 أ8ر? و8ال8 ذ8ل6ك8 م6ن Iب ك

8 6ال4 أ 8ابG ف6ي إ 6ت 6ينG ك ]3 [سورة: سبأ - األية: م�ب

vYykg ls dksbZ t+jjk cjkcj pht+ Hkh Nqih ughaaa gS pkgs og vklekuks es gk]s ;k t+ehu esa vkSj u ml ¼t+jjs½ ls Hkh dksbZ NksVh ;k

cM+h pht+ gS] tks fdrkcs eqchu es u gksA [rjtqek evkuh vy dqjvku 34%03]

lwjs vuvke es gS%

4ذ6ي و8ه?و8 ?م ال 8و8ف4اك 8ت Iل6 ي 4ي 6الل 8م? ب 8عIل ?م م8ا و8ي حIت 4ه8ار6 ج8ر8 6الن ?م4 ب ?مI ث ?ك Iع8ث 8ب ف6يه6 ي?قIض8ى 6ي 8ج8ل ل ?م4 م�س8م½ى أ Iه6 ث 8ي 6ل ?مI إ ج6ع?ك Iم4 م8ر? ?م ث ?ك Aئ 8ب ?ن 6م8ا ي ?مI ب ?نت 8عIم8ل?ون8 ك ت

: األنعام] : سورة [60األية-

vYykg rks og gS tks jkr dks rqEgs ekSr nsrk gS vkSj tkurk gS tks dqN rqe fnu es dj pqds gks] vkSj fQj rqEgs ml es mBk nsrk gS rkfd

og oknk iwjk gks tks r; gks pqdk gS] fQj mlh dh rjQ rqe ykSVk, tkvksxs fQj og [k+cj nsxk rqEgs ml pht+ dh tks dqN rqe djrs jgs gksA


23

vkSj lwjs fulk es g%

6ن Iه?مI و8إ ?ص6ب 8ة ت ن I ح8س8 ?وا 8ق?ول :ه6 ع6ند6 م6نI ه8ذ6ه6 ي 6ن الل Iه?مI و8إ ?ص6ب 8ة ت Aئ ي س8I ?وا 8ق?ول ?ل½ ق?لI ع6ند6ك8 م6نI ه8ذ6ه6 ي :ه6 ع6ند6 مAنI ك 6ه8ؤ?الء ف8م8ا الل 6 ل Iق8وIم 8 ال ال

8اد?ون8 8ك 8فIق8ه?ون8 ي µا ي ]78 [سورة: النساء - األية: ح8د6يث

vkSj vxj bUgs dksbZ HkykbZ igqps rks ;g dgrs gSaaaaa fd ;g vYykg dh rjQ ls gS vkSj vxj dksbZ cqjkbZ igqps rks dgrs gSaaaaa

fd ;g rsjh rjQ ls gS dg nhft, fd lc dqN vYykg dh rjQ ls gS lks bu yksxksa dk D;k gky gS fd ckr dks le>us okys Hkh ugh yxrs A [rjtqek


;g vkSj mu tSlh nwljh vk;r ls cgqr ls cgqr lkjs yksx d+t+k o d+nj ds ckjs es ,sls bfLrnyky ¼cgl½ djrs gSaaaaa ftu ls ekywe gksrk gS fd balku vius dkeks dks vatke nsus es etcwj gS] vkSj mlds reke dkeks dh vatke nsgh ykt+eu vYykg rkyk ds bjkns vkSj ejt+h ls gksrk gS] vkSj vYykg gh balku vkSj mlds dkeks dk [k+fyd+ gS] vius bl dkSy ds lqcwr es og vYykg rkyk ds bl bj'kkn dks is'k djrs gSaaaa A

vkSj lwjs vLlkQ+kr es gS%

4ه? ?مI و8الل 8ق8ك ل 8عIم8ل?ون8 و8م8ا خ8 ت

vYykg rvkyk us rqEgs iSnk fd;k vkSj rqEgkjs vkekykas dks Hkh A [rjtqek evkuh vy dqjvku

37%96]

blh rjg dqN gnhlks ls Hkh bLrnyky djrs gS tSlk fd eksgEen dk ;g dkSy gSA

24

8ف8ث8 وIعي في القدس روح ((ن 8نI ر8 8موت8 ل تستوفى حتى نفس تقهــا Iـد6ر8 واجلهـــا ر6ز ــا)) ومـــاقـ? 8هـ8 ل

:gqyd+qnql us ;g ckr esjs fny es Mky nh ds dksbZ th :g ml oDr rd ugh ej ldrk] tc rd fd og vius fjT+d viuh vty vkSj blh rjg tks dqN ml ds fy;s eqdZjj dj fn;k x;k gS mls iwjk uk dj ys A

d+n+k % d+n+k o d+nj dk elyk bLykeh et+kfgc ¼elkfyd½ esa ,d ekjsdrqy vkjk ¼dbZ jk,sa½ elyk jgk gSA bl elys ds ckjs esa vgys lqUur dh jk; dk [kqyklk ;g gS fd balku dks vius vQvky esa d+lcs bf[+r;kjh gkfly gS vkSj blh d+lcs bf[+r;kjh dh cqfu;kn ij ml dk eqgkflck gksxkA eksvrft++yk dh jk; dk yqCcsyqckc ;g gS fd balku gh vius vQ+vky dk [k+kfyd+ gS vkSj balku dk eqgklck bl otg ls gksxk fd oksg vius vQvky dk [kqn ewftc gSA bl elys esa tcfj;k dh jk; dk fupksM+ ;g gS fd vYykg rkyk gh cUns vkSj mlds vQvky dk [k+kfyd+ gSA blfy, cUns dks vius vQvky ij dksbZ bf[+r;kj ugha] cfYd oksg etcwjs egt+ gSA cUns dh felky ml ij dh lh gS tks fQ+t+k esa gks vkSj ftldks gok,sa ft/kj pkgsa mM+k jgh gksaA

d+t+k o d+nj ds elys ds ckjs esa ,d ckjhd chu balku le>rk gS fd nd+hd+ ¼xgjh½ cglks ut+j gh ls bl cqfu;kn dks le>k tk ldrk gS] ftl ij bl iwjh cgl dk nkjksenkj gSA ;g cqfu;kn cUns dk Qsy bl ut+j ls ugha fd cUnk [k+qvk vius Q+sy dk [k+kfyd+ gS] ;k vYykg rkyk mlds Q+sy dk [k+kfyd+ gSA uk og cqfu;kn vYykg rkyk dk bYe gS ds og tkurk gS ds ;g cUnk ;g djsxk ;kuh vYykg rkyk ds bYe us cUns

25

dk ,gkrk fd;k gqvk gS] uk oksg cqfu;kn vYykg rkyk dk bjknk gS] tks cUns ds Q+sy ls eqrkfYyd+ gks] bl rjg fd tc vYykg dk bjknk gks rks oksg Q+sy ekStwn gksxk] uk oksg cqfu;kn ;g gS fd cUns dk ;g Q+sy yksgs&egQwt+ esa fy[kk gqvk gS] rks cUnk ykt+eu bl Qs+y dks lj vatke nsxkA

th gk¡! ;g pht+sa bl cgl dh cqfu;kn gjfxt+ ugha] D;ksafd bu vf'k;k dk lokc o bd+kc ¼vt+kc½ ds gokys ls ekst+w ls dksbZ rkYyqd+ ughaaaaa] cfYd bu vf'k;k dk rkYyqd+ vey dh vatke nsgh] gj 'ks; ¼pht+½ dk ,gkrk djus okys bYe] reke eqefdukr ls eqrkfYyd+k bjkns vkSj yksgs egQwt+ ds reke vf'k;k ij eq'rfey gksus ls gSA ;g rkYyqd+ ,d vyx ekstw gS] vkSj vey ds urhts esa vt+kc ;k lokc ls fcYdqy tqnk ekstw gS] ;kfu ;gk¡ ekst+w, cgl gS fd balku vey] pkgs oksg [k+Sj gks ;k 'kj] dh vatke nsgh ds etcwj gS ;k eq[k+rkj \ vkSj D;k bls vey dh vatke nsgh ;k vey dks rZd djus dk b[k+fr;kj gkfly gS fd ugha \

vQvky dks ckjhd chuh ls ns[kus okyk eq'kkfgnk dj ldrk gS fd balku nks nk;jksa esa ft+Unxh xqt+kjrk gS A ,d nk;js ij balku [+kqn gkoh gS] ;g oksg nk;jk gS tks balku ds rlZ:Q+kr ds ft+Eu esa vkrk gS] ;kfu bl nk;js esa jgrs gq,s balku tks vQ+vky ljvatke nsrk gS mu ij balku dks bf[+r;kj gkfly gSA nwljk nk;jk oksg gS tks balku ij gkoh gS] ;kfu bl nk;js ds vanj ftrus Hkh vQ+vky vkrs gSa mu ij balku dks dksbZ bf[+r;kj gkfly ugha] [+kqvk

26

mu vQ+vky dk oqdw+++++++ balku dh tkfuc ls gks ;k ;g balku ij [+kqn okd+s+ gksa A

il oksg vQ+vky tks ml nk;js ds vanj vkrs gSa] tks balku ij gkoh gS vkSj ftu esa balku dk dksbZ vey n[k+y ugha] ;k mu dh vatke nsgh ls balku dks dksbZ ljksdkj ugha] bu vQ+vky dh nks vD+lke gS] ,d oksg fd+Le gS ftldk fut+keqy oqtwn ¼fut+kes dk;ukr½ rd+kt+k djrk gSA nwljh fdLe mu vQvky dh gS] tks balku dh dqnjr esa ugha] vkSj balku mu dks Vky Hkh ugha ldrk vkSj uk fut+kesa dk;ukr mu dk rdkt+k djrk gSA tgk¡ rd mu vQ+vky dk rkYyqd+ gS] ftu dk fut+kes dk;ukr rd+kt+k djrk gS rks balku buds lkeus lj fuxw¡ gksrk gS vkSj etcwju mu ds eqrkfcd+ pyrk gSA D;ksafd balku dks rks dk;ukr vkSj g;kr ds lkFk ,d e[+klwl fut+ke ds eqrkfcd+ gh pyuk gSA oksg mldh eq[k+kfyQr ugha dj ldrkA blfy, bl nk;js ds vQ+vky balku ds bjkns ls ckgj gSA balku dks gj gky esa muds eqrkfcd+ pyuk gS] vkSj blesa mls dksbZ bf[+r;kj gkfly ughaaaaaA tSlk fd balku nqfu;k esa vius bjkns ds cx+Sj vk;k vkSj ;gk¡ ls viuh ef'k;r ds cx+Sj pyk tk,xkA balku flQZ vius ftLe ds lkFk gok esa mM+ ldrk gS u rckbZ rkSj ij ikuh ij py ldrk gA blh rjg viuh vk[kksa dk jax [kqn ugha cuk ldrkA uk vius lj dks tSlk pkgs oSlk cuk ldrk gS] vkSj uk vius ftLekuh gte ¼d+n½ dks A bu reke dkeksa dks djus okyk flQZ+ vYykg rvkyk gS A bu dkeksa esa e[k+ywd+ ¼cUns½ dk dksbZ vey n[k+y ugha gksrkA D;ksafd vYykg rkyk gh us fut+kesa dk;ukr dks cuk;k gS] vkSj vYykg rkyk gh

27

us bldks equt+t+e fd;k gSA pquk¡ps balku blds eqrkfcd+ pyrk gS vkSj bldh f[k+ykQ+ojt+h djus dh rkd+r ugha j[krk \

og vQvky tks bUlku dh rkd+r ls ckgj gSa vkSj og mudks Vky Hkh ugha ldrk vkSj fut+kes dk,ukr esa mu vQvky dk rd+kt+k Hkh ugha djrk] ;g og vQky gSa ftudk bUlku etcwju bjrsd+kc djrk gS ;k ;g bUlku ij tcju okd+S fd, tkrs gSa bUlku muls cp Hkh ugha ldrk elyu ,d 'k[+l nhokj ij ls nwljs 'k[+l ij fxjs vkSj mls ekj Mkys ;k dksbZ 'k[+l fdlh ifjUns ij xksyh pyk, ysfdu ;g xksyh ifjUns ds ctk, fdlh ,sls 'k[+l dks tk yxs ftl dks xksyh pykus okyk 'k[+l tkurk Hkh uk gks vkSj og ej tk,] blh rjg jsy xkM+h ;k eksVjdkj dk gknlk gks tk, ;k tgkt+ fdlh ,slh Quh [k+jkch dh otg ls fxj dj rcg gks tk, ftl dk bt+kyk eqefdu ugha Fkk pqukaps bl gknls ;k fxjus dh otg ls mlesa lokj vQjkn gykd gks tk,a] ;g ;k blh fd+Le dk dksbZ vkSj okD+;k iS'k vk, rks ;g vQ+vky bUlku dh tkfuc ls g, gks ;k bUlku ds Åij okd+S gq, gksa] vxjps fut+kes dk,ukr mudk rd+kt+k ugha djrk ysfdu pwads ;g bulku dh tkfuc ls ;k mlds Åij mlds bjkns ds cx+Sj okd+s gq, gSa ysgkt+k ;g bUlkuh dqnjr o rkd+r ls ckgj gSa] cl ;g vQvky ml nk,js esa nkf[k+y gSa tks bUlku ij gkoh gSa] tks vQvky ml nk,js esa nkf[k+y gSa tks bUlku ij eqlYyr ¼gkoh½ gSa rks mudks d+t+k dg tkrk gS A D;ksads mu reke vQvky dk QSlyk flQZ vYykgrkyk gh djrk gSA ysgkt+k mu vQvky ij bUlku dk eqgklck ugha gksxk [+ok bulku dh fulcg ls muesa fdruk gh Qk,nk ;k uqdlku vkSj ilUn ;k uk ilUn dh ckr D;ksa u

28

gks ;kuh bUlku dh rQlhj ds eqrkfcd+ muesa fdruk gh [k+Sj o 'kj D;ksa u gks D;ksads mu vQvky esa ik, tkus okys [kS+j o 'kj dks flQZ vYykg gh tkurk gS] bUlku dk mu vQvky ij dksbZ vljkr ughA bUlku dks rks mu vQvky dk bYe gksrk gS vkSj u gh muds oqtwn esa vkus dk pqukaps bUlku mudks jksdus ;k mudh rykQh djus dh rkdr Hkh ugha j[krk] bUlku dk dke flQZ bruk gS ds og ml ckr ij beku j[ks ds ;g d+t+k gS vkSj vYykg lqHkkugw orkyk dh tkfuc ls gS A

d+nj % vc jgh ckr d+nj dh! rks reke vQvky] pkgs og ml nk,js ls gksa tks bulku ij gkoh gSa ;k nwljs nk,js ds ekrgr gksa os ftl ij bUlku gkoh gS ;g reke vQvky dk,ukr bulku vkSj g;kr ds ekís ds t+fj, vf'kvk ls lkfnj gksrs gSa ;k mu ij okd+S gksrs gSaA vYykg rkyk os mu reke vf'k;k ds fy, dqN ekbus [k+kl dks iSnk fd;k gSA elyu vkx esa tykus dh [k+kfl;r j[k nh] ydM+h esa tyus dh flQr ofn;r Qjeknh vkSj Nqjh esa dkVus dh rklhj j[knh] Qj mu [k+okl dks vYykgrkyk us fut+kesa dk,ukr ds eqrkfcd crk;k ftl dh ;g dHkh Hkh f[k+ykQ ojt+h ugha djrsA tc dHkh ;g vf'k;k viuh fQrjr dh f[kykQ+ ojt+h djrh gS rks ml oD+r vYykgrkyk us budh ;g [k+kfl;r lYc dh gksrh gS vkSj ml oD+r ;g ,d [k+jd+h vknr vEj gksrk gSA ;g vfEc;k ls crksjs ekStt+k lkfnj gksrk gS] ftl rjg vYykg rkyk us vf'k;k ds vUnj [k+okl iSnk Qjek, gSa] blh rjg bUlkuksa ds vUnj ftfcYyrsa vkSj vt+fo;krk gktkr j[k nh gSaA fQj mu ¼ftfcYyrksa vkSj vt+fo;krh gktkr½ ds vUnj Hkh vf'k;k ds [+okl dh rjg dqN eqrb;u [k+kfl;r iSnk dh gSaA pqukaps ftfcYyrsa uks esa

29

ftulh eSyku r[k+yhd dj fn;k] vt+fo;krh gktkr esa ckt+ [k+fl;kr j[k nha] elyu Hkw[k] I;kl oxS+jk] fQj fut+kesa dk;ukr ds eqrkfcd+ budks ykft+e cuk fn;kA il vf'k;k vkSj balku dh ftfcYyr o vt+fo;krh gktkr ds vanj ;g eqr¸;u [k+kfl;kr] ftu dks vYykg rvkyk us gh iSnk Q+jek;k gS ^d+nj* dgykrh gS] D;ksafd vYykg gh us vf'k;k] ftfcYyrksa vkSj vt+fo;krh gktkr dh r[k+yhd+ dh vkSj muds vanj mudh [kqlwfl;kr ds vankt+s ¼d+nj½ eqd+Zjj dj fn;sA ;g [kqlwfl;kr [kqn bu dh iSnk djnk ugha vkSj uk cans dks buls dksbZ ljksdkj gS vkSj uk cans dk blesa dksbZ vey n[k+y gSA balku dks bl ckr dk bZeku j[kuk pkfg, fd flQZ+ vYykg gh us bu vf'k;k ds vanj [k+kfl;kr ofn¸;r Q+jek nh gS] bu [k+fl;kr ds vanj ;g d+kcfy;r gS fd balku buds okLrs ls vYykg rvkyk ds vokfej ds eq[k+kfyQ+ Hkh vey dj ldrk gS] tks 'kj dk lcc gksxkA [kqokg ;g vEj bu vf'k;k dks mudh [+kqlwfl;kr ds lkFk bLrseky djus ds gokys ls gks] ;k ftfcYyrksa vkSj vt+fo;krh gktkr dks iwjk djus ds fygkt+ ls gksA vxj ;g mEj vYykg ds vokfej o ukokgh ds eqrkfcd+ gksaxs] rks [k+Sj dgyk,saxs] vkSj vxj vYykg ds vokfej o ukokgh ds f[k+ykQ gksaxs rks 'kj ds tqejs esa vk;saxsA

;gha ls ekywe gqvk fd oksg vQ+vky] tks ml nk;js esa gSa] tks balku ij gkoh gSa] oksg vYykg dh rjQ+ ls gSa] [k+okg oksg [kS+j gks ;k 'kjA oksg [k+kfl;rsa] tks vf'k;k] ftfcYyrksa vkSj vt+fo;krh gktkr esa ik;h tkrh gSa] vYykg dh rjQ+ ls gSa] pkgs mudk urhtk [k+Sj gks ;k 'kjA ;gh otg gS ds eqlyeku dks d+t+k ij bZeku j[kuk pkfg, d+rk utj bl

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ckr ds ds og [k+Sj gks ;k 'kj ;kuh oksg ;g ,rsd+kn j[ks fd oksg vQ+vky] tks balku ds nk;js bf[+r;kj ls ckgj gSa] oksg vYykg fd rjQ+ ls gSa] vkSj blh rjg d+nj ds [k+Sj o 'kj ds Hkh feutkfuc vYykg gksus ij bZeku j[ksA cvyQ+kt+s nhxj ;g ,rsd+kn j[ksa+ fd vf'k;k ds vanj ekstwn [k+okl rckbZ fygkt+ ls vYykg dh rjQ+ ls gSa] pkgs mudk urhtk [k+Sj gks ;k 'kj] vkSj balku dk bu ij dksbZ vlj ughaA il balku dh vty ¼ekSr dk eqdjZjk oD+r½ bldk fjt+d+ vkSj bldh :g ;g lc dqN vYykg ds nlrs dqnjr esa gSA ftl rjg ftfcYyrsa uks ds vanj ftalh eSyku] ftfcYyrs cd+k ds vanj fefYd;r dh [kqokfg'k vkSj blh rjg Hkw[k] I;kl] tks vt+fo;krh gktkr ds vanj gSa] lc ds lc feutkfuc vYykg gSA

;g mu vQ+vky dh fuLcr ls gS] tks ml nk;js esa gSa] tks balku ij gkoh gSA blh rjg ;g reke vf'k;k ds [k+okl ds ckjs esa gSA tgk¡ rd nwljs nk;js dk rkYyqd+ gS] ftl ij balku [kqn gkoh gS] rks ;g oksg nk;jk gS fd ftlds vanj balku vius bf[+r;kj djnk fut+ke ds eqrkfcd+ bf[+r;kjh rkSj ij pyrk gS] [kqokg ;g fut+ke vYykg rvkyk dh eqd+jZj djnk 'kfj;r gks ;k dksbZ vkSj fut+keA ;s gh ¼vQ+vky dk½ oksg nk;jk gS] ftlesa vQ+vky balku ls lkfnj gksrs gSa] ;k ml ij okd+s gksrs gSa] vkSj mlds vius bjkns ls gksrs gSaA il tc oksg pkgrk gS] pyrk gS] [kkrk gS] ihrk gS vkSj lQ+j djrk gSA vxj uk pkgs rks mu vQ+vky ls :d tkrk gSA tc oksg pkgrk gS vkx ds t+fj;s vkx yxkrk gS] Nqjh ls dkVrk gS] vkSj ftl rjg pkgrk gS] uks dh gktr] fefYd;r dh gktr vkSj eSans dh Hkw[k dks cq>krk gSA ;kfu tks vey pkgs] djrk

31

gS vkSj ftl vey ls pkgs] btfrukc djrk gSA fygkt+k bl nk;js ds vQ+vky ds ckjs esa oksg tokc nsg gksxkA

vxjps bu vf'k;k dh [k+kfl;kr] ftfcYyrksa vkSj vt+fo;krh gktkr ds [k+okl vYykg rvkyk gh us eqdjZj ¼eqdíj½ fd;s gSa] vkSj mu [k+okl dks mu vf'k;k ds fy, ykft+e dj fn;k gS] vkSj mu [k+okl dk vQ+vky ds urkbZt ij cM+k vlj gS] ysfdu ;g [k+fl;kr ct+krs [kqn vey dks iSnk ugha djrhA cfYd tc balku bUgsa bLrseky esa ykrk gS] rks oksg muds t+fj;s vkeky lj vatke nsrk gSA il ftfcYyrs uks ds vanj ekStwn ftalh :tgku esa [k+Sj o 'kj nksuksa rjg dh d+kcfy;r ekStwn gSA blh rjg vt+fo;krh gktr ds vanj ekStwn Hkw[k esa [k+Sj o 'kj nksuksa fd+Le dh d+kcfy;r ikbZ tkrh gSA ysfdu [k+Sj o 'kj dk dke djus okyk balku gS] uk ds ftfcYyr ;k vt+fo;krh gktrA fQj vYykg rvkyk us balku dks reht+ djus okyh vD+y ls uokt+k gS] vkSj vD+y ls rckbZ rkSj ij bl reht+ vkSj bnjkd dk efydk gSA blds vYykg rvkyk us balku dks [k+Sj o 'kj nksuksa rjg ds jkLrs crk fn;s gSaA

lwjs vy cyn esa bj'kkn gS%

8اه? Iن Iن6 و8ه8د8ي 4جIد8ي ]10 [سورة: البلد - األية: الن

geus mls nksuksa uqek;k jkLrs crk fn;s gSa [rjtqek evkuh vy dqjvku 90%10]

vkSj vD+y ds vanj xqukgksa vkSj rd+ok ds dkeksa] nksuksa ds bnjkd dh dqOor gS %

lwjs 'kEl esa bj'kkn gS%

Iه8م8ه8ا ل8 ه8ا ف8أ 8قIو8اه8ا ف?ج?ور8 ]8 [سورة: الشمس - األية: و8ت

32

mlus blls Qqtwj o rd+ok dk bYgke dj fn;k [rjtqek evkuh vy dqjvku 91%08]

il tc balku viuh ftfcYyrksa vkSj vt+fo;krh gktkr dks vYykg rvkyk ds vokfej o uokgh ds eqrkfcd+ iwjk djrk gS rks ;g Qs+y [k+Sj gksrk gS] vkSj balku rd+ok dh jg ij xket+u gksrk gSA ysfdu tc balku viuh ftfcYyrks vkSj vt+fo;krh gktkr dks vYykg rvkyk ds vokfej o uokgh ls eq¡g eksMdj iwjk djrk gS rks ;g Q+sy 'kj cu tkrk gS vkSj ;w¡ balku xqukgksa ds jkLrs ij py iM+rk gSA cgjgky balku gh ls vkSj balku gh ij bl [k+Sj o 'kj dk oqdw gksrk gSA balku tc vYykg rvkyk ds vokfej o uokgh ds eqvkfQ+d+ viuh ftfcYyrksa vkSj vt+fo;krh gktkr dks vYykg rvkyk ds vokfej o uokgh ds cj f[k+ykQ+ iwjk djrk gS rks ml dk ;g Q+sy 'kj cu tkrk gSA bl cqfu;kn ij balku dk bu vQ+vky ds ckjs esa eqgkflck gksxk] tks ml nk;js esa gSa] ftl ij ;g balku gkoh gSA blds urhts esa mls vt+kc ;k lokc feysxk] D;ksafd mlus cx+Sj fdlh tCj o bD+jkg ds] bf[+r;kjh rkSj ij ;g vQ+vky lj vatke fn;sA ftfcYyrsa vkSj vt+fo;krh gktkr dh [k+kl;kr vxjps feutkfuc vYykg gSa] mudh [k+Sj o 'kj dh d+kcfy;r Hkh vYykg gh dh rjQ ls gS] ysfdu vYykg rvkyk us bl [k+kfl;r dks bl rjg ugha cuk;k fd vey dh vnk;xh ds oD+r ;g [k+kfl;r mlds lkFk ykft+e gks] [k+okg mldk rkYyqd+ vYykg dh jt+k ls gks ;k ukjkt+xh ls gksA ;kfu bldk rkYyqd+ [k+Sj ls gks ;k 'kj ls] tSlk ds tykus dh [k+kfl;r gSA ;g bl rjg ugha ds bls ,d gh rjg tykuk ykt+eh gks] pkgs vYykg dh [kq'kuwnh ds fygkt+ ls gks ;k mldh ukjkt+h ds gokys ls] ;kuh [kS+j esa gksa ;k

33

'kj esa ;g [k+kfl;rsa rks bl rjg gS fd balku vey dh vatke nsgh ds oD+r ftl rjg pkgs mudks dke esa yk ldrk gSA tc vYykg rvkyk us balku dks iSnk Q+jek;k vkSj mlds vanj ;g ftfcYyrs vkSj gktkr iSnk Q+jek nh] fQ+j mls reht+ djus okyh vD+y vrk dj nh] vkSj mls bf[+r;kj ns fn;k fd oksg ftl vey dks pkgs djsa vkSj ftl ls pkgs btfrukc djsa vkSj fdlh dke ds djus ;k NksM+us ij mls etcwj ugha fd;k] vkSj vf'k;k vkSj ftfcYyrksa vkSj vt+fo;krh gktkr dh [k+kfl;kr dks ,slk ugha cuk;k fd Q+sy dks lj vatke nsrs oD+r ;k blls fdukjkd'kh bf[+r;kj djrs gq, ;g [k+kfl;r ykt+eh gks] ;w¡ balku fdlh Q+sy dks ctk ykus ;k mlls nLrd'k gksus esa eq[+rkj gS] D;ksafd vYykg rvkyk us mls Q+d+Z djus okyh vD+y ls uokt+k gS] vkSj mls 'kjkbZ rkSj ij eqdYyQ+ dj fn;k gSA blfy, vPNk vey djus dh lwjr esa mlds fy, lokc gS] D;ksafd mldh vD+y us vYykg ds vokfej dks bf[+r;kj fd;k vkSj mlds uokgh ls btfrukc fd;kA blh rjg cqjk vey djus dh lwjr esa oksg lt+k dk eqLrfgd+ gS] D;ksafd mldh vD+y us vYykg ds vokfej dh eq[k+kfyQ+r dh vkSj ftfcYyrksa vkSj vt+fo;krh gktkr dks vYykg ds crk,s gq,s jkLrs ls gV dj iwjk fd;kA blfy, bl vey ij mls lt+k nsuk ,su vnyks balkQ+ gS] D;ksafd vey djus esa oksg ckbf[+r;kj Fkk] fdlh fdLe dk etcwj uk FkkA d+t+k o d+nj dk blls dksbZ rkYyqd+ ugha] cfYd elyk ;g gS fd cans us [kqn vius bf[+r;kj ls dksbZ vey fd;k vkSj oksg vius vey ds ckjs esa elÅy gksxk %

lwjs eqnfLlj esa bj'kkn gS%

34

?ل� 8فIسG ك 6م8ا ن 8تI ب ب 8س8 8ة ك ه6ين ]38 [سورة: المدثر - األية: ر8

gj balku vius dlc ¼vey½ ds gkFkksa fxjoh gSA [rjtqek evkuh vy dqjvku 74%38]

vc jgh ckr vYykg rvkyk ds bYe dh! rks vYykg dk bYe dHkh Hkh cans dks fdlh vey ds djus ij etcwj ugha djrk] D;ksafd vYykg dks ;g ekywe Fkk fd ;g cank vius bf[+r;kj gh ls ;g vey djsxk] balku dk vey vYykg ds bYe dh cqfu;kn ij ugha] cfYd vYykg dks vt+y ls ;g bYe gksrk gS fd ;g balku ;g vey djsxk] vkSj yksgs egQwt+ Hkh gj pht+ ds ckjs esa vYykg rvkyk ds byes eqghr ls bckjr gSA tgk¡ rd vYykg ds bjkns dk rkYyqd+ gS rks ;g Hkh cans dks fdlh vey ij etcwj ugha djrk] cfYd vYykg ds bjkns dk ;g eryc gS fd dk;ukr esa vYykg rvkyk ds bjkns ds cx+Sj dksbZ pht+ oqtwn esa ugha vk ldrh] ;kfu dksbZ pht+ vYykg ds bjkns ds cx+Sj t+cjnLrh vkykes oqtwn esa ugha vk ldrhA il tc cank dksbZ vey djrk gS] rks vYykg rvkyk ml ls jksdrk gS uk mls mlds djus ij etcwj djrk gS] cfYd mls ckbf[+r;kj NksM+ nsrk gS] ;g Qsy ¼mls ckbf[+r;kj NksM+uk½ vYykg ds bjkns ls gS] uk fd vYykg us mls etcwj dj fn;k] cans dk Qs+y [kqn mlds vius bf[+r;kj ls gS] vkSj vYykg ds bjkns us dHkh Hkh mls vey ij etcwj ugha fd;kA

;g gS d+t+k o d+nj dk elyk! ;g balku dks vPNs dkeksa dks lj vatke nsus vkSj cqjs dkeksa ls jksdus ij veknk djrk gS] D;ksafd balku dks ekywe gksrk gS fd vYykg ns[k jgk gS vkSj oksg eqgkLck djsxk] mlus vey ds djus vkSj NksM+us dk bf[+r;kj

35

fn;k gSA il balku vQ+vky dh vatke nsgh esa bf[+r;kj dks vPNs rjhd+s ls bLrseky ugha djsxk rks mlds fy, gykdr vkSj 'knhn rjhu vt+kc gksxkA ;gh otg gS fd ,d lPpk vkSj d+t+k o d+nj dh gd+hd+r dks le>us okyk vYykg dh nh gqbZ vD+y vkSj bf[+r;kj dh user dh gd+hd+r dks igpkuus okyk eksfeu bafrgkbZ eksgrkr vkSj vYykg ls l[+r Mjus okyk gksrk gS] vYykg ds vokfej dks ctk ykus okyk vkSj vYykg ds vt+kc ls Mjrs gq, vkSj tUur dh mEehn j[krs gq,] vYykg ds euk fd;s gq, dkeksa ls :drk gSA blls c<+dj vYykg dh [+kq'kuwnh ds gqlwy ds fy,] tks vLy ed+ln gS] ges'kk usd vkekyk ds nj is jgrk gSA

36

3 bLykeh fQ+Djh fd+;knr

tc balku fQ+djh bufgrkr ¼iLrh½ dk f'kdkj gks tkrk gS rks ml esa oruijLrh dk tt+ck u'kksuqek ikrk gSA bl dh otg ;g gS fd og ,d gh ljt+ehu dks viuk oru cuk ysrk gS] mlh ds lkFk fpeV dj jg tkrk gS A pquk¡ps balku vius vanj ekStwn ftfcYyrs cd+k dh fxfj¶+r esa vk tkrk gS vkSj ;g ¼ftfcYyrs cd+k½ mls vius eqYd vkSj ljt+ehu dk fnQ+k djus ij etcwj dj nsrh gS] tgk¡ ij ;g ftUnxh xqt+kj jgk gksrk gSA blh ls oru ls ijlfr'k dh cqfu;kn iM+rh gSA oru ds lkFk ;g yxko vkSj rvkYyqd+ reke rvkYyqd+kr esa det+ksj rjhu vkSj iLrrjhu rvkYyqd+ gksrk gSA vius oru ds lkFk ;g rvkYyqd+ vkSj esyku rks gsokukr vkSj ifjUnksa ds vUnj Hkh ekStwn gksrk gS] vkSj bl dk bt+gkj ges'kk tt+ckrh gkyr esa gksrk gSA bl tt+cs vkSj rvkYyqd+ dk bt+gkj flQZ+ ml oD+r gksrk gS tc dksbZ vtuch ¼nq'keu½ oru ij geykoj gks]rkfd oru dk fnQ+k fd;k tk, vkSj nq'keu dks t+sj fd;k tk,A ysfdu tc vEu&vks&lykerh ds gkykr gksa] ;k nq'keu Q+jkj gks pqdk gks]rks ;g rvkYyqd+ vkSj yxko ¼oru ijLrh½ <+hyk iM tkrk gS A ;g gh otg gS fd ;g bUrsgkbZ det+ksj vkSj iLr rvkYyqd vkSj jCr gS A

d+kseijLrh blh rjg tc balkuh fQ+Ø rax&vks&rkjhd gks tkrh gS rks balku ds vanj d+kseijLrh lj mBkrh gSA d+ksfe;r ds lkFk ;g rvkYyqd+ vkSj yx+ko [k+kunkuh tT+ck vkSj tks'k dh ,d T+;knk olh 'kDy gSA bl dh otg ;g gS fd balku ds vanj ftfcYyrs cd+k dh tMaas+ cgqr xgjh gS]

37

ftldh otg ls ml ds vanj gqCcs fl;knr ¼ljnkjh dh eksgCcr½ Hkh ikbZ tkrh gS A ;g gqCcs fl;knr ,d iLr fQ+Ø gS vkSj balku ds vanj bufQ+jknh uksb¸;r dh gqvk djrh gSA fQj tc bl balku ds vanj t+jk csnkjh vkSj fQ+Ø dh cqyUnh iSnk gksrh gS rks ml dh gqCcs fl;knr esa Hkh oqlvr vk tkrh gS] vkSj ;w¡ vius dqUcs vkSj [k+kunku dh fl;knr&vks&fd+;knr ml dk ulcqy,u cu tkrk gSA fQj tc mls ;g eqd+ke gkfly gksrk gS] rc og viuh d+kSe vkSj oru dh fl;knr ds gqlwy dh dksf'k'k djrk gSA fQj tc mls ;g eqd+ke Hkh gkfly gks tkrk gS rc og viuh d+kSe dh fl;knr dks nwljh vD+oke ij eqlYyr djus dk lksprk gSA pquk¡ps ,d [k+kunku ds vQ+jkn ds vanj fl;knr&vks&fd+;knr ds gqlwy ds fy, >xM+s meqeu gks tkrs gSaA fQj tc ml [k+kunku dk dksbZ Q+nZ nwljs ij x+kfyc vk tkrk gS vkSj mldh fl;knr eqLrgde gks tkrh gS rks ml dk+Se ;k nwljh d+kSe ;k vd+oke ds ekacSu gqlwy fl;knr ds fy, yMkbZ >xM+s 'kq: gks tkrs gSaA ;g gh otg gS fd bl rvkYyqd+ vkSj jCr ds gkfey vQ+jkn ds vanj vlfc;r dwV&dwV dj Hkjh gksrh gS]vkSj mu ds vanj flQ+Z ,d nwljs dh enn dh [k+q+vkfg'k vkSj tT+ck ijoku p<+rk gS A pquk¡ps ;g jCr vkSj rvkYyqd+ ¼d+kSeijLrh½ ,d x+Sj balkuh jkCrk vkSj rvkYyqd+ gS A fygkt+k bl fd+Le ds jkCrs esa vxj [k+kjth eq[k+kfler vkSj psfyUtksa dk lkeuk u Hkh djuk iMs+ rks nkf[k+yh [k+yfQ+'kkj vkSj >xM+s rks ges'kk gksrs gh jgrs gSa A

38

bl cqfu;kn ij dgk tk ldrk gS fd ^^jCrs orfu;r** rhu vlckc dh fcuk ij x+yr jCr ;k rvkYyqd+ gS %

¼1½ ;g jCr ;k rvkYyqd+ ,d iLr jCr vkSj rvkYyqd+ gSA tc balku fu'kkrs lkfu;k ds jkLrs ij pyuk pkgs rks ;g mUgsa ejcwr vkSj equT+t+e ugha dj ldrk A

¼2½ ;g ,d tT+kckrh jCr vkSj rvkYyqd+ gS] tks fnQ+k,&u¶+l ds gokys ls ftfcYyrs cd+k ls iSnk gksrk gS]vkSj tT+ckrh jCr ges'kk rx+¸;qj&vks&rcíqy dk fu'kkuk cuk jgrk gSA blfy, ;g balkuksa ds njfe;ku nk;eh jCr&vks&rvkYyqd+ dk ckbl ugha cu ldrk A

¼3½ ;g ,d oD+rh vkSj vkjt+h jCrks&rvkYyqd gS tks fnQ+k dh gkyr es rks ik;k tkrk gS]ysfdu vEu&vks&blfrd+jkj dh gkyr esa ukiSn gS A bl fy, ;g cuh uks balku ds ekacSu jCr&vks&rvkYyqd+ cuus dk ,gy ugha gks ldrk A

blh rjg dkS+eh jCr Hkh rhu vlckc ls Q+kfln vkSj x+yr jCr gS %

¼1½ ;g ,d d+ckbZyh tT+ck gS blfy, tc balku fu'kkrs&lkfu;k ds jkLrs ij pyuk pkgs rks ;g mUgs ejcwr ugha dj ldrk A

¼2½ ;g ,d tT+ckrh uksb;r dk jCr vkSj rkYyqd+ gS tks ftfcYyrsa cd+k ls iSnk gksrk gS vkSj blh ls gqCcs&fl;knr iSnk gksrh gS A

39

¼3½ ;g ,d x+Sj balkuh jCr gS D;ksafd ;g fl;knr ds gqlwy ds fy, mu ds vanj [k+qlqekr iSnk djus dk lcc curk gS blfy, ;g Hkh balkuks ds ekcsu jCrs ckgeh cuus dk ,gy ugha A

elfygrh jCr vkSj :gkuh jCr

blh rjg ds Q+kfln jokfcr esa ,d elfygr dk jCr gS vkSj nwljk :gkuh jCr ftl ls dksbZ fut+ke ugha QwVrkA dqN yksx [+;ky djrs gS fd ;g nksuks balkuks ds ekcsu ckgeh jCr vkSj rvkYyqd+ dk lcc gks ldrs gaS]ysfdu ;g ljklj x+yr gSA tgk¡ rd elfygr ¼Q+okbn vkSj uQ+k½ ds jCr vkSj rvkYyqd+ dh ckr gS rks ;g Hkh ,d oD+rh jCr gksus dh otg ls uks, balkuh ds ekcssu jCr vks&rvkYyqd+ dk ,gy ughaaA D;ksafd ;g jCr&vks&rvkYyqd+ cMs+ Q+k;ns ds lkeus NksVs Q+k;ns dks nko ij yxk nsus dk fu'kkuk cuk jgrk gSA blfy, elfygrksa vkSj Q+k;nksa ds ekcsu rjthg nsrs oD+r ;g jCr ges'kk eQ+d+wn gksrk gSA D;ksafd tc Q+k;ns ,d nwljs ls eq[k+rfyQ+ gks tkrs gS]rks ;g jCr Hkh [k+Re gks tkrk gS A bl rjg balku ,d nwljs ls fcYdqy tqnk gks tkrs gaS A tc Q+k;ns iwjs gks tk,a rks ;g jCr b[k+frrke dks igq¡p tkrk gSA blfy, bl jCr vkSj rvkYyqd+ dks yksxksa ds ekcsu ckgeh rvkYyqd+ dk lCkc xjnkUuk balkukas ds fy, bUrsgkbZ [k+rjukd gS A

tgk¡ rd ml :gkuh jCr dh ckr gS]ftl ls dksbZ fut+ke iSnk ugha gksrk] rks og jCr gkyrs rn¸;qu

40

esa t+kfgj gksrk gSA ysfdu dkjt+kjs g;kr esa bldk dksbZ fdjnkj ugha ;g gh otg gS fd ;g jCr Hkh ,d tqt+oh vkSj x+Sjveyh jCr gS A pquk¡ps ;g Hkh yksxks dh ft+Unxh ds elkby&vks&eqvkeykr easa mu ds njfe;ku jCr vks rvkYyqd+ dk ,gy ugha] vkSj blh otg ls uljkuh vd+hnk ;wjksih vd+oke&vks&fxjksgksa ds njfe;ku jCr ckgeh dk lcc ugha cu ldk] ckoqtwns fd mu lc vd+oke us ml dks viuk;k gSA bl dh otg ;g gS fd ;g ,d ,slk jCr gS] ftlds vanj ls dksbZ fut+ke ugha fudyrk A

ecnk dk jCr % pquk¡ps et+dwjk reke jokfcr balkuksa dks ]tc og fu'kkrs lkfu;k ij pyuk pkgsa]ckge ejcwr ugha dj ldrsA bl ds cjvD+l ft+Unxh esa balkukas dks ejcwr j[kuss dk lgh rjhu jCr flQZ+ ml vd+yh vd+hns dk jCRk gks ldrk gS] ftlds vanj ls dksbZ fut+ke QwVrk gS vkSj ;g flQ+Z ,d ecnk dk jCr gh gks ldrk gS A

ecnk ls eqjkn og vd+yh vd+hnk gS] ftl ls dksbZ fut+ke QwVrk gSA vd+hnk dk;ukr] balku] g;kr vkSj ml ls ekd+Cy&vks&ekckn dh bl nqu;oh ftUnxh ds lkFk rvkYyqd+ ds ckjs esa dqYyh fQ+Ø dks dgk tkrk gS A tg¡k rd bl vd+hns ls QwVus okys fut+ke dk rvkYyqd+ gS] rks ;g balku dh eq'kfd+ykr ds gy]ml gy dks ukfQ+t+ djus dh dsfQ+;r]vd+hns dh fgQ+kt+r vkSj eCnk dks vkxs is'k djus ij eq'krfey gksrk gSA bl gy dks ukfQ+t+ djus dh dsfQ+;r eCnk dh fgQ+kt+r vkSj mldks vkxs is'k djuk rjhdk dgykrk gSA vd+hnk vkSj gy

41

dks fQ+Ø dgk tkrk gSA ekywe gqvk fd eCnk fQ+Ø vkSj rjhd+s dk eteqvk gS A

ecns dh cqfu;kn%

vc ;g eCnk fdlh 'k[+l ds t+gu esa ;k rks ogh dh cqfu;kn ij iSnk gksxk] ftldh rCyhx+ djus dk mls gqDe fn;k x;k gks];k fdlh 'k[+l dh vcd+fj;r ¼vD+yeUnh½ dh otg ls ml ds t+gu esa iSnk gksxkA lghrjhu eCnk ogh eCnk gS tks fdlh balku ds t+gu es ogh bykgh ds t+fj;s ls iSnk gqvk gksA D;ksafd ;g eCnk ml t+kr dh rjQ ls gS ]tks dk;ukr] balku vkSj g;kr dh [k+kfyd+ gSA fygkt+k flQ+Z ;gh eCnk lgh vkSj d+rbZ gS A og eCnk tks fdlh balku ds t+gu esa ml dh vcd+fj;r dh otg ls iSnk gksrk gS] og ckfry eCnk gSA D;ksafd ;g vD+y ls iSnk gksrk gS vkSj vD+y egnwn gS ! tks reke ekstwnkr dk vgkrk djus ls vkftt+ gSA bl ds ckfry gksus dh ,d otg ;g Hkh gS fd balkuksa esa ik, tkus okyk rut+heh Q+ge ges'kk rQ+koqr]b[kfrykQ+ vkSj rukdq+t+ dk fu'kkuk cuk jgrk gS! vkSj ;g bl eqvk'kjs lss Hkh eqrkfLlj gksrk gS ftl esa balku jg jgk gksA blfy, bl ls urhts ds rkSj ij iSnk gksus okyk eqrkukfd+T+k fut+ke balkuh cnc[k+rh ij equrt gksxk vkSj og vius vd+hns vkSj bl ¼vd+hns½ ls QwVus okys fut+ke ds ,rsckj ls ckfry gksxk A

blh cqfu;kn ij dgk tk ldrk gS fd eCnk dh vlkl dk;ukr ]balku vkSj g;kr ds ckjs esa dqYyh fQ+Ø gSA bl ds fy, ,sls rjhds+ dk ik;k tkuk ]tks eCnk dks ft+Unxh ds eSnku esa ukfQ+t+ djs vkSj oqtwn c[+'ks ,d ykt+eh vEj gSA bl ds cxS+j dksbZ eCnk

42

oqtwnit+hj ugha gks ldrkA bl dqYyh fQ+Ø ds vlkl gksus dk eryc Hkh ;g gh gS vkSj ;s gh dqYyh fQ+Ø bl eCnk dk vd+hnk gS] vkSj blh dks fQ+Øh d+k;nk vkSj fQ+Øh fd+;knr dgk tkrk gSA blh cqfu;kn ij balku dh fQ+Øh tgr vkSj ft+Unxh ds ckjs es mlds uqD+rs &ut+j dk rv¸;qu gksrk gSA ;g gh reke vQ+dkj dh cqfu;kn gS vkSj blh ls ft+Unxh dh reke eq'kfd+ykr dk gy fudy vkrk gSA fQ+Ø ds fy, rjhds+ dk gksuk blfy, ykt+eh vkSj t+:jh gS fd og fut+ke tks vd+hns ls fudyrk gS vxj og eq'kfdykr ds gy dh ruQ+ht+]vd+hns dh fgQ+kt+Rk vkSj nkor dks is'k djus dh d+sfQ;r ij eq'krfey u gks] rks ;g ,d Q+t+hZ vkSj [+;kyh Q+ylQ+k cudj jg tk,xk] tks fdrkcksa ds vanj vkSj fjdkMZ ds rkSj ij rks ekstwn gksxkA ysfdu ftU+nxh ds eSnku esa bldk dksbZ fdjnkj vkSj vlj u gksxkA pquk¡ps eCnk ds vanj vd++hns dk gksuk ykt+eh gS vkSj elkbZy ds gy ds fy, ,d rjhd+s dk gksuk Hkh ukx+qt+hj gS A

ecns ds lgh gksus ds cqfu;knh mlwy

ftl vd+hns ls fut+ke iSnk gksrk gS] ml ds vanj flQZ fQ+Ø vkSj rjhd+s dk ik;k tkuk bl vEj dh nyhy ugha fd og eCnk ykt+eu lgh eCnk gSA cfYd bldk flQZ ;g eryc gS fd og eCnk gks ldrk gS ] bldk vkSj dksbZ eryc ugha] tgk¡ rd eCnk ds lgh ;k ckfry gksus dk rkvYyqd+ gS rks bldk nkjksenkj vd+hns ij gksrk gS A ;g ns[kuk gS fd bl eCnk dk vd+hnk gh og fQ+Ø vkSj d+k;nk gS tks reke vQ+dkj ds fy, cqfu;kn gS vkSj reke uqd+rk&,&ut+j blh cqqfu;kn ij ekfjt+s oqtwn esa vkrs gSaA blh ls gj rjg dk bykt

43

eqvLLkj gks vkSj og rjhds+ ds eqvkfQ+d gks] vkSj ecuh cj vD+y Hkh gks] rks og lgh d+k;nk gksrk gSA ysfdu ;g d+k;nk vxj fQ+rjrs balkuh ds eq[k+kfyQ+ vkSj ecuh cj vD+y u gks rks ;g ckfry d+k;nk gSA blh d+k;ns dk fQ+Rkjrs balkuh ds eqvkfQ+d+ gksus dk eryc ;g gS fd ;g d+k;nk balkuh fQ+rjr es ikbZ tkus okyh bl ^^ftfcYyrs rn¸;qu”ds lkFk eqvkfQ+d+r j[krk gksA ;kfu ;g vd+hnk balku dh vktt+h dks vkSj balku dk ,d [k+kfyds+&eqnfCcj dh rjQ+ jqtw djus dh d+SfQ+;r dks igpkurk gks A bl ds ecuh cj vD+y gksus dk eryc ;g gS fd og ecuh cj ekík ;k ecuh cj ^^gys oLr** uk gks A

nqfu;k esa+ rhu ecknh

bl oD+r tc ge iwjh nqfu;k ij ut+j Mkyrs gSa rks gesa flQZ+ rhu ecknh ut+j vkrs gSSaA ljek;knkjh] b'kfrjkfd+;r ftl esa dE;wfut+e Hkh gS] vkSj rhljk ecnk bLyke gSA igys nksuksas ecknh dh gkfey dksbZ ,d ;k ,d ls T+;knk eefydrsa nqfu;k¡ esa ekStwn gaSA ysfdu rhljs ecnk dh gkfey dksbZ eefyd+r bl oD+r d+qjZ&,&vt+Z ij ekStwn ughaA vycRrk eq[+krfyQ+ vd+oke ds vanj bl ds gkfey vkSj vyecjnkj vQ+jkn ekStwn gSaA pquk¡ps bl vUnkt+ esa ;g eCnk iwjs d+qjZ&,&vt+Z ij ekStwn gS A

ecknh ds gksu dh cqfu;knh otg

tgk¡ rd ljek;nkjh dk rvkYyqd+ gS rks bldh cqfu;kn nhu ds ftUnx+h ls tqnk gksus ij d+k;e gS A ;g gh

44

fQ+Ø bl dk +vd+hnk gSA vkSj ;g gh ml dh fQ+Øh fd+;knr vkSj fQ+Øh d+k;nk gS bl fQ+djh d+k;ns ds eqrkfcd ftUnxh ds fy, fut+ke ot+k djus dk dke flQZ+ balku dk gS vkSj bldh :g ls balku ds fy, gqjfj;r ¼ vkt+kfn;ksa ½ dh fgQ+kt+r ds vykok dksbZ pkjk ugha A vkSj og gqjfj;r ;g gS :

1 gqjfj;r , vd+hnk]

2 gqjfj;r , jk;]

3 gqjfj;r , feyfd;r] vkSj

4 gqjfj;r , 'k[k+fl;r

pquk¡ps gqjfj;rs feyfd;r gh ls ljek;knkjkuk fut+ke oqtwn esa vk;k A bl eCnk dh uqek;Wkrjhu pht+ flQ+Z vkSj flQ+Z ljek;knkjh gS vkSj ;g gh og okt+sg rjhu pht+ gS tks bl eCnk ds vd+hns ls iSnk gksrh gSA pquk¡ps bl mlwy ds rgr fd ^^fdlh pht+ dk uke mldh uqek;krjhu tM+ ;k fgLls ls j[k+k tk,**A bl eCnk dk uke ljek;knkjh j[kk x;k A

tgk¡ rd tEgwfj;r dh ckr gS ]ftls bl eCnk us b[k+fr;kj dj j[kk gS rks ;g eCnk ds ml igyw ls iSnk gksrh gS ftl dh :g ls balku dks [k+qn vius fy, fut+ke ot+k djus dk gd+ gS] bl fy, voke gh rkd+r dk ljp'ek gSa A oksgh viuh gqd+wer pykus ds fy, vius gkfdeks dks ru[k+knkj gkfde ds rkSj ij eqd+Zjj djrs gaS vkSj tc pkgrs gaS mu ls gqd+wer Nhu yssrs gSaA voke vius fy, ftl rjg dk d+kuwu pkgrs gS mu ls ukfQ+t+ djok ysrs gaSA D;ksafd gqDejkuh djuk voke vkSj gkfde ds ekcsu ,d rjg dk

45

^^vd+ns &btkjk** gksrk gSA blfy, gkfde flQ+Z ml fut+ke ds eqrkfcd+ gqd+wer djrk gS ftls voke ml ds fy, ot+k djrs gSaA tEgwfj;r vxjps bl ecnk ls gS ysfdu og bl eCnk esa bd+frlknh fut+ke ls T;knk uqek;k¡ ughaA bl dh nyhy ;g gS fd ex+fjc esa ljek;knkjkuk fut+ke gh gqdwer ij vl+jvankt+ gSA bl ed+ln ds fy, gqdwer dks ljek;knkj rcds+ dk rkcs cukdj j[kk x;k gS vkSj ;g dguk ctk gS fd mu eqekfyd esa tgk¡ ljek;knkjkuk eCnk dks b[k+fr;kj fd;k x;k gS ogk¡ gd+hdh gkfde ljek;knkj gSaA bl ds vykok TkEgwfj;r bl eCnk ds lkFk [k+kl Hkh ugha D;ksafd b'kfrjkdh Hkh tEgwfj;r ds eqíbZ gSa vkSj og Hkh ;g dgdj /kksdk nsrs gaS fd gqDejkuh voke dh gSA pquk¡ps bl eCnk dks ljek;knkjkuk eCnk dguk gh d+jhus balkQ+ gSA ;g eCnk ogk¡ ls 'kq: gqvk tc ;wjksi vkSj :l ds ckn'kkg vkSj Q+jekjok voke ds bLrsglky ]mu ij tq+Ye vkSj mu dk [kw+u pwlus ds fy, nhu dks t+fj, ds rkSj ij bLrseky djrs Fks A bl dke ds fy, og fjtkys nhu dks lokjh ¼t+fj;s½ ds rkSj ij bLrseky fd;k djrs Fks bl ds urhts ds rkSj ij ,d [k+ksQ+ukd fd+Le dh d'ked'k vkSj rlknqe cjik gks x;kA bl nkSjku ,sls fQ+yklQ+j vkSj vjckcs fQ+Ø iSnk gq, ftUgksaus nhu dk fljs ls gh badkj dj fn;kA bu esa ls dqN yksx vxjps nhu ds eksrfjQ+ Fks ] ysfdu og nhu dks ft+anxh ls vyx djus ds d+k;y FksA ;gk¡ rd fd vdlj fQ+yklQ+j vkSj eqQ+Ddsjhu bl jk; ij eqRrfQ+d+ gks x, fd nhu dks ft+Unxh ls vyx dj fn;k tkuk pkfg,A bl ls ,d rcbZ urhts ds rkSj ij nhu dks fj;klr ls Hkh vyx dj fn;s tkus dk uqd+rk&,&ut+j iSnk gks x;kA mu ds ut+nhd ;g

46

jk; iq[+rk gks xbZ fd et+gc ds ,rsjkQ+ ;k ml ds bUdkj dh cgl esa iM+uk gh ugha pkfg, vkSj ckr flQ+Z bl uqD+rs rd egnwn gks xbZ fd nhu dks ft+Unxh ls tqnk dj nsuk cgjgky t+:jh gSA fQ+j ;g fQ+Ø mu fjtkysnhu ds tks gj pht+ dks nhu ds uke ij vius ekrgr j[kuk pkgrs Fks]vkSj mu fQ+yklQ+j vkSj vjckcs fQ+Ø ds] tks nhu vkSj fjtkysnhu ds x+ycs vkSj gqd+wer ds equfdj Fks] ekcsu ,d njfe;kuh gy ** gys oLr ** d+jkj ik;k A bl rjg bl ckn esa vkus okys fx+jksg us et+gc ds bUdkj ij bljkj djuk NksM+ fn;kA ysfdu r; ;g djk fn;k fd ft+Unxh esa bldk dksbZ vey n[k+y ugha gksxkA pquk¡ps bl rjg vf[k+jdkj et+gc dks ft+Unxh ls fcYdqy t+qnk dj fn;k x;kA il og vd+hnk ftl dks iwjs ex+fjc us dqcwy dj j[kk gS ] og ;g gh nhu dks nqfu;k¡ ls tqnk gksus dk vd+hnk gS A ;g gh vd+hnk og fQ+Øh d+k;nk gS] ftl ij ml ds reke vQ+dkj d+k;e gSaA blh ls balku ds fy, fQ+Ø]tehvr ¼eqvk'kjk½ vkSj ft+Unxh ds ckjs esa ml ds uqD+rs ut+j dk rv¸;qu gksrk gS vkSj blh dh cqfu;kn ij ft+Unxh dh reke eq'kfdykr gy dh tkrh gSaA ;g gh og fQ+Øh fd+;knr gS] ftldk ex+fjc vyecjnkj gS vkSj blh dh rjQ+ iwjh nqfu;k dks nkor ns jgk gS A

ecknh : dk;ukr] g;kr] balku vkSj fd+;ker ij uqd+rk&,&ut+j

ljek;knkjkuk eCnk %ft+Unxh ds eSnku ls nhu ds vyx gksus ds vd+hns esa ft+Euh rkSj ij ;g ,rsjkQ+ ik;k tkrk gS fd nhu ukeh dksbZ pht+ ekStwn gSA ;kfu dk;ukr] g;kr] balku vkSj fd+;ker

47

ds fnu dk oqtwn gSA D;ksafd nhu njvly blh pht+ dk uke gSA nhu ds gksus dk ;g ,rsjkQ+ gh bl dk;ukr] balku] g;kr vkSj nqfu;koh ft+Unxh ls ekd+Cy vkSj ekckn ls rvkYyqd+ dks ,d fQ+Ø dh 'kDy nsrk gSA D;ksafd ljek;knkjkuk fQ+Øh fd+;knr nhu ds oqtwn dk bUdkj ughas djrh] blds cjvD+l bldks nqfu;koh ft+Unxh ls vyx djuk xks;k fcyokLrk bldk bd+jkj djuk gSA ;g nhu dk ft+Euh rkSj ij ,rsjkQ+ djrh gS ]xks;k dh tc nhu ds oqtwn dk ,rsjkQ+ djrh gS rks mlds lkFk ;g fQ+Ø Hkh nssrh gS fd nqfu;koh ft+Unxh dk vius ekd+Cy vkSj ekckn ls dksbZ rvkYyqd+ ugha A nhu ij eq'rfey ft+Unxh dk Hkh nqfu;k¡ ls dksbZ rkvYyqd+ ugha] cfYd nhu flQ+Z Q+nZ vkSj mlds [k+kfyd+ ds njfe;ku rvkYyqd+ gSA pquk¡ps ;g nhu] balku vkSj nqfu;k¡ ds vyx Fkyx gksus dk vd+hnk vius tkes eQ+gwe ds lkFk dk;ukr ]g;kr vkSj balku ds ckjs esa ,d gekxhj dqYyh fQ+Ø cu x;k gSA bl ls ekywe gksrk gS fd ljek;knkjkuk eCnk]ftl rkSj ij fd geus bls c;ku fd;k]nwljs ecknh dh rjg ,d eqLrfd+y fcT+t+kr eCnk gS A

b'kfrjkfd eCnk % tgk¡ rd b'kfrjkfd;r dk rvkYyqd+ gS] ftl ls dE;wfuT+e Hkh iSnk gqvk]dk ut+fj;k ;g gS ]fd dk;ukr ]balku vkSj g;kr flQ+Z ekík gS vkSj og ekík gh reke vf'k;k dk vfly gSA blds bjfrd+k ls vf'k;k oqtwn esa vkrh gaSA ekís ds vykok dksbZ nwljh pht+ gS gh ughaA ;g gh ekík vt+yh vkSj d+nhe gS]fdlh us bl dks oqtwn ugha c[+'kk A ;kfu ;g fdlh dh e[k+ywd+ ughaA ;g gh otg gS fd b'kfrjkdh vf'k;k ds fdlh [k+kfyd+ ds

48

e[+kywd+ gksus dk badkj djrs gSaA nwljs y¶+t+ksa esa og vf'k;k ds :gkuh igyw dk badkj djrs gSaA cfYd og bl ds ,rsjkQ+ dks ft+Unxh ds fy, ,d [k+rjk le>rs gSaA pquk¡ps og nhu dks vd+oke ds fy, vQ+;wu djkj nsrs gaS]tks mUgss engks'k djds vey ls jksdrh gSA buds ut+nhd ekís ds flok fdlh nwljh pht+ dk dksbZ oqtwn ughaA gŸkkfd og fQ+Ø dks Hkh fnekx+ ij ekís dk vDl gh d+jkj nsrs gSaA blh cqfu;kn ij og ekís dks ^^vflyqy fQ+Ø** dgrs gSaA muds fy, ekík gh vf'k;k dk vfly ¼cqfu;kn½ gS ftl ds bjfrd+k ls vkf'k;k oqtwnfit+hj gksrh gaSA blh cqfu;kn ij og [k+kfyd+ ds oqtwn dk badkj djrs gS] vkSj ekís dks vt+yh [+;ky djrs gSaA pquk¡ps og ekd+Cy g;kr vkSj ekckn g;kr dk badkj djrs gaS vkSj flQZ+ nqfu;koh g;kr ij ;d+hu j[k+Rks gSaA ckoqtwn fd nksuksa ecknh balku ]dk;ukr vkSj g;kr ds ckjs esa cqfu;knh b[k+frykQ+ j[krs gSa] ysfdu bl ckr ij eqŸkfQ+d+ gS fd balku ds fy, bd+frnkjs vkyk vkSj cyanks&cjrj d+njksd+her ds iSekus ot+k djuk balku dk viuk dke gS] vkSj ;g dh lvknr ** ftLekuh reŸkksvkr** esa ls T+;knk ls T+;knk fgLlk gkfly djuk gSA D;ksafd bu nksuksa fd ut+j esa lvknr dk olhyk cfYd uQ+ls lvknr gh ;g gh gSA ;g nksuksa bl ckr ij Hkh eqŸkfQ+d gSa fd balku dks 'k[+lh vkt+knh nsuh pkfg,] rkfd balku ftl pht+ esa viuh lvknr le>s] ml esa viuh [kqvkfg'k vkSj bjkns ds eqrkfcd+] tSls pkgs rl:ZQ+ djsA ;g gh otg gS fd bu nksuksa ecknh esa t+krh fdjnkj]rjt+s&vey ;k 'k[+lh vkt+knh ,d ,slk tqt+ gS] ftl dks bu nksuksa ecknh esa eqd+íl ekuk x;k gSA

49

eqvk'kjs ds ckjs esa ecknh dh jk;%

ljek;knkjh : ;g nksukas ecknh Q+nZ vkSj eqvk'kjs ds ckjs esa b[k+rsykQ+ j[krs gSaA pquk¡ps ljek;knkjh bufQ+jkfn;r dk ut+fj;k is'k djrh gSA bldk [+;ky gS fd eqvk'kjk vQ+jkn ls feydj curk gS ;g eqvk'kjs dks lkuoh njtk vkSj vfly ,gfe;r Q+nZ dks nsrh gS A ;g gh otg gS fd ;g Q+nZ dh vkt+kfn;ksa dh fgQ+kt+Rk dks okftc vkSj ykft+e d+jkj nsrh gS A bl rjg gj Q+nZ dks ;g t+ekur Hkh feyuh pkfg, fd og eqvk'kjs ds fy, tks dke djuk pkgs] vkt+knh ls djs A bl ds urhts ds rkSj ij bl eCnk esa]ftl rjg vd+hns dh vkt+knh eqd+íl gS ]mlh rjg bd+frlknh vkt+knh Hkh eqd+íl gSA bl Q+ylQ+s dh :g ls bl ij fdlh fd+Le dh ikckanh ugha gksuk pkfg, A vxjps vkt+knh;ksa dh t+ekur eqg¸;k djus ds fy, fj;klr dh tkfuc ls bl ij ckt+ ikckafn;k¡ vkbn dh tkrh gSA vkSj bu ikcafn;ksa dks fj;klr flikgh dh dqOor vkSj dkuwu ds t+ksj ij ukfQ+t+ djrh gSa ]ysfdu blds ut+nhd fj;klr dh gSfl;r ,d olhys dh lh gS] uk fd x+k;r vkSj ed+lwn dh A ;g gh otg gS fd vkf[k+jdkj bd+frnkjsvkyk vQ+jkn ds ikl gksrk gS u fd fj;klr ds iklA blfy, og fQ+Øh fd+;knr dh ftldh ;g ljek;knkjh gkfey vkSj vyecjnkj gS] og nhu dk nqfu;koh ft+Unxh ls vyx fd;k tkuk gSA og blh [+kqnlk[k+rk fut+ke ds eqrkfcd+ gqd+wer djrh gS ] blh dh rjQ+ og nkor nsrh gS vkSj blh dks og gj txg ukfQ+t+ djuk pkgrh gSA

b'kfrjkfd;r fd ftl esa dE;wfuT+e Hkh 'kkfey gS ] dh jk; ;g gS fd eqvk'kjk ,d ,slk meweh etewvk

50

gS] tks balkuks vkSj mu ds fQ+rjr ds lkFk rvkYyqd+kr dh fcuk ij r'kdhy ikrk gSA ;g rvkYyqd+kr greh vkSj eqr¸;u gksrs gSa] vkSj bu ds lkeus balkuks dks greh vkSj esdkfudh vankt esa >qduk iM+rk gSA ;g lcdk lc etewvk ¼fQ+rjr] balku vkSj rvkYyqd+kr½ ,d gh 'kS; ¼pht½ ls gS vkSj ;g ,d ,slk eteqvk gS fd ftlds vtt+k ,d nwljs ls tqnk ugha gks ldrs A il balku dh 'k[k+fl;r ds ,d igyw esa ¼rchvr½ fQ+rjr ikbZ tkrh gS ]vkSj bl tkfuc dks balku viuh t+kr esa mBk, gq, gksrk gSA blfy, balku tc Hkh rjD+dh djrk gS rks og viuh 'k[+fl;r ds bl igyw ¼fQ+rjr½ ls fpeVk gqvk gksrk gSA D;kasfd fQ+rjr ds lkFk balku dk rvkYyqd+ mldh viuh t+kr ds lkFk rvkYyqd+ ls bckjr gSA blfy, iwjs eqvk'kjs dks ,d ^êtewvk, okfgn** xjnkuk tkrk gS] ftlds ;g rhu igyw feydj rjD+d+h djrs gSaA Q+nZ eqvk'kjs dk rkcs gksdj bl rjg xjfn'k djrk gS ftl rjg xjkjh ifg;s ds lkFk xjfn'k djrh gSA blfy, Q+nZ ds fy, vd+hns dh vkt+kfn ;k bd+frlknh vkt+kfn dk dksb otwn ugh A blh rjg vd+hnk HkhA fj;klr ds bjkns esa eqD+¸;n gS vkSj bd+frlkn Hkh A blfy, bl eCnk eas fj;klr dks eqd+íl le>k tkrk gS A blh ekíh Q+ylQ+s ls tks fut+kegk, g;kr Q+wVrs gSa mu esa bd+frlknh fut+ke dks vlkl d+jkj fn;k tkrk gS vkSj reke fut+kegk, g;kr ds fy, bldks ^êqt+fgjs vke** le>k tkrk gS A fygkt+k og b'kfrjdh eCnk fd ftl esa dE;wfuT+e Hkh gS] ftl fQ+Øh fd+;knr dk gkfey gS ] og ekfí;r vkSj ekíh rjD+dh vkSj bjfrd+k gh gSA bl efí;r dh vlkl ij og vius fut+kegk, g;kr ds eqrkfcd+ gqd+wer djrk gS] vkSj blh dh rjQ+ og

51

nkor nsrk gS vkSj blh dks gj txg ukfQ+t+ djus ds fy, dks'kk¡ gS A

bLyke : dk tgk¡ rd rvkYyqd+ gS] rks bldk ut+fj;k gS fd bl dk;ukr ]g;kr vkSj balku ds ihNs ,d [k+kfyd+ gS vkSj mlh us bu reke pht+ksa dks iSnk fd;k gS A og vYykg rvkyk gS A blfy, bLyke dh cqfu;kn vkSj vlkl vYykg rvkyk ds oqtwn ij ;d+hu j[k+uk gS A ;g gh vd+hnk ml ds :gkuh igyw dk rv¸;qu djrk gS A ;kn jgs fd :gkuh igyw ls eqjkn flQ+Z ;g gS fd balku]g;kr]vkSj dk;ukr ,d [k+kfyd+ dh e[+kywd+ gSaA bl ls ekywe gqvk fd dk;ukr ds vius e[+kywd gksus ds ukrs ls] [+kfyd+ ds lkFk rvkYyqd+ esa dk;ukr ds :gkuh igyw dk bt+gkj gksrk gSA blh rjg g;kr ¼e[+kywd½ dk vius [k+kfyd+ ¼vYykg rvkyk½ (37)ds lkFk bŸkslky vkSj rvkYyqd+ d+k;e gksrs gh bl esa ml ds :gkuh igyw vk'kdkjk gks tkrs gSa A bl ls ekywe gqvk fd :g ls eqjkn balku dk vius [k+kfyd+ ds lkFk ik, tkus okys bl bŸkslky vkSj rvkYyqd+ dk bnjkd dj ysuk gSA bZeku fcYykg ds lkFk eksgEen dh fjlkyr vkSj d+qjku ds dykemYykg gksus ij beku Hkh okftc gS A il gj ml pht+ ij bZeku ykuk okftc gS]ftldks dqjku us c;ku fd;k gSA pquk¡ps bLykeh vd+hnk bl vEj dk rd+kt+k djrk gS fd g;kr ds d+Cy fdlh ,slh t+kr dk ik;k tkuk t+:jh gS ftl ij bZeku ykuk okftc gS vkSj og vYykg rvkyk dh t+kr gSA bl rjg nqfu;koh ft+Unxh ds ckn ,d pht+ dk ik;k tkuk t+:jh gS vkSj og fd+;ker dk fnu gS ;g bl vEj dk rd+kt+k Hkh djrk gS fd balku bl nqfu;koh ft+Unxh es vYykg rvkyk ds vokfej vkSj uokgh esa eqd+¸;n gS A ;gh og

52

rvkYyqd+ gS tks g;krs nqfu;k dk ekd++Cy ls gSA blh rjg balku dk eqgkflck vokfej dh bŸksck vkSj uokgh ls btrsukc djus ;k u djus ds gokys ls fd;k tk;xkA vkSj ;g gh nqfu;koh ft+Unxh dk vius ekackn ds lkFk jCr&vks&rvkYyqd+ gSA blfy, eqlyeku ds fy, t+:jh gS fd og fdlh Hkh vey dh ctkvkojh ds nkSjku vYykg rvkyk ds lkFk vius bl jCrks rvkYyqd+ dk bnjkd+ djs] rkfd ml ds vkeky vYykg rvkyk ds vokfej vkSj uokgh ds eqrkfcd+ gksa A pquk¡ps ekís ds lkFk :g ds berst+kt dk ;g gh evkuh gS fd vkeky dks vYykg rvkyk ds vokfej vks uokgh ds eqrkfcd+ ctk yk;k tk, A ftldh vfly x+k;r vkSj ed+lwn vYykg rvkyk dh jt+k dk gwlwy gS vkSj vkeky dh ctkvkojh ds nkSjku bldk Q+ksjh ed+ln og d+her gS ]tks bl vey djus dk urhtk gS A

blfy, eqvk'kjs dh fgQ+kt+r ds fy, cqyan ed+kfln]balku ds vius ot+kdnkZ ugha gksuk pkfg,]cfYd ;g vYykg rvkyk ds vokfej&vks&ukokgh dh :g ls eqr¸;u gksus pkfg, tks ges'kk cjd+jkj jgrs gS]u rcnhy gksrs gSa vkSj u mudh rkohy gks ldrh gSA il ukS&,s&balku]vD+ys balkuh]balkuh 'kjkQ+r]t+krs balkuh ]bufQ+jknh feyfd;r] nhu ]veuks veku ] vkSj fj;klr eqvk'kjs dh fgQ+t+r ds fy, cqyan ed+kfln gSaA bu esa rx+¸;qj vkSj rjD+dh ugha vkuh pkfg, A fQj bu cqyan ed+kfln dh fgQ+kt+r dh [k+kfrj bu dh f[k+ykQ+ ojt+h djus dh lwjr esa l[+r fd+Le dh lt+k,sa j[kh xbZ gSaA bu nkbeh ed+kfln dh fgQ+kt+r ds fy, gqnwn vkSj mdw+ckr ot+k fd;s x, gSaA fQj bu cqyan ed+kfln dh fgQ+kt+r okftc gSA blfy, fd (38);g vYykg rvkyk

53

ds vokfej&vks&ukokgh gSa A ;g fgQ+kt+r blfy, okftc djkj ugh nh xbZ fd budh dksbZ ekíh d+her gS bl rjg eqlyeku Q+nZ vkSj eqlyeku fj;klr Hkh vius vius reke vkeky dks vYykg rvkyk ds vokfej&vks&ukokgh ds eqrkfcd+ ctk ykrs gS A D;ksafd vYykg rvkyk ds vokfej&vks&ukokgh gh og ,gdkekr gSa] ftu ds t+fj;s balku ds reke evkeykr ij gqdwer djuh pkfg,A vkeky dks vYykg rvkyk ds vokfej&vks&ukokgh ds eqrkfcd+ ctk ykuk gh njvly og pht+ gS tks eqlyekuks ds vanj bRfeuku iSnk djrh gS A il ekywwe gqvk fd balku dh lvknr bl eas ugh dh tlns&[k+kdh dks [kwc lsj fd;k tk, vkSj mls ftLekuh yT+Tk+rksa ls eqrkeŸks fd;k tk,s cfYd balkuh lvknr flQZ vYykg rvkyk dh jt+k esa gS A

tgk¡ rd vt+fo;krh t+:fj;kr vkSj ftfcYyrksa (Organic Needs & Instincts) dk rvkYyqd+ gS ]rks bLyke us budks bl vankt+ esa equT+t+e fd;k gS fd rut+he esa gj fd+Le dh ,gfr;ktkr] elyu esns dh Hkw[k]uks&dh&gktr vkSj :g dh gktr dks lsj djus dh t+ekur nh gSA bLyke us ;g rat+he bl rjg ugha dh fd ,d Hkw[k ;k gktr ds fy, nwljh dks dq+jcku dj fn;k gks] ;k ,d ds fy, nwljh dks jksan Mkyk gks] ;k ,d dks vkt+kn NksM+ dj ckd+h lc dks ikcUn dj fn;k gks ^;k lc dks bl vankt+ esa lsj fd;k gks tSls 'krjs cs eqgkj gksA cfYd bLyke us ,d cM+s nd+hd+ fut+ke ds t+fj;s bu lcdks bl rjg lsj fd;k gS vkSj buesa uT+e o uLd+ iSnk fd;k gS ^tks balku ds fy, [kq'kxokjh vkSj jkgr eqg¸;k djrk gSA oks balku dh tcyrksa dks yxke esa gksus dh otg ls ^gSokfu;r ds [kM esa fxjus ls jksdrk gSA bl rat+he dh t+ekur nsus ds fy,

54

bLykeh tekvr dks bl ut+j ls ns[krk gS fd ;s ,d ,slk dqy gS ^ftlds vtt+k rd+lhe ugha gksrs ! bl rjg bLyke QnZ dh rjQ ftl uqD+rk ut+j ls ns[krk gS ôks ;s gS fd ^QnZ bl tekvr dk ,slk tqt+ gksrk gS tks dHkh Hkh bl ls tqnk ugha gksrkA ^ysfdu QnZ ds tekvr dk tqt+ gksus dk ;s eryc ugh gS fd bldh ;s tqt+fo;r ,slh gks ^tSlk fd xjkjh vius ifg;s dk ,d tqt+ gqvk djrh gSA cfYd ;s vius dy dk bl rjg tqt+ gksrk gS ftl rjg ds gkFk vius ftLe dk A pqukaps bLyke us QnZ dh bl gokys ls fuxjkuh dh gS fd ;s tekvr dk ,d tqt+ gS vkSj blls vyx&Fkyx ughaA bLyke dk tekvr ij roTts nsuk gh tekvr dh njvly fgQkt+r djuk gSA bl rjg tc bLyke tekvr dh rjQ ns[krk gS rks oks bls roTts o buk;r dk bl gSfl;r ls ekStw+ ugha cukrk fd ;s ,d dqy gS ftlds vtt+k ugha gS ^cfYd ;s bls ,d ,slk dqy le>rk gS* tks vius vtt+k ;kuh vQjkn ds lkFk fey dj r'kdhy ikrk gSA bl buk;r vkSj roTts ds urhts esa vQjkn dh Hkh* cgSfl;r vtt+k, tekvr* [kq+n c [+kqn fgQkt+r gks tkrh gSA ;gh otg gS fd jlwyYykg us Qjek;k %

JلOث Oفيهــا والواقع اللــه حدود على القائم م MلOث OمOك

هــم فاOصابO سفيـنــة� على إستهمZوا القوم� JعضOب كOان أسفلOهــا بعضهــم و أعGالهـا Oف Oفي الـذين

ا إذا أسفلMهــا Gو OسقOاست OنMم Mاء Oوا الم ر¡ Oعلى م GنOم ا فقالوا:لو فOوقMهــم Zنــأ في خرقنــا أنـMنصيب �قــا Gر Oخ Oو

GمOل Mذ GوJن GنOنــا م MوقOإن ف Oمــا تـركــوا فOهـلكــوا أرادوا و �ــوا وO أيديهــم علــى أحذوا وإن جميعــا OجOن �يعــا Mم Oج

ßgqnwnqYykg dks d+k;e djus okys vkSj budh f[kykQ+ ojt+h djus okyksa dhfelky bl

55

¼fxjksg½ dh lh gS tks fdlh d'rh ds ikl igqaps vkSj d'rh ds Åij vksj uhps txg ikus ds fy;s

dqjvk vankt+h djsA il buesa ls dqN rks d'rh ds Åij okys fgLls esa pys tk,sa vkSj dqN uhps jg tk,saA lks tks yksx fupys fgLls esa gksa tc oks viuh I;kl cq>kus ds fy, Åij okyksa ds ikl ikuh ysus ds fy, tk,sa vkSj buls ¼Åij okyksa ls½ dgsa fd vxj ge fupys fgLls esa lqjk[k+ dj ysa rks vki Hkh rdyhQ+ ls cp tk,saxsA vc vxj Åij okys ugha blls ckt+ u j[ksa vkSj vkt+kn

NksM+ nsa rks uhps okys vkSj Åij okys nksuksa gykd gks tk,saxsA vkSj vxj oks uhps

okyksa dks j[ksaxs rks nksuksa futkr ik,saxsAÞ

Q+nZ vkSj tekr dk ;g uqD+rs ut+j eqvk'kjs ds ckjs esa ,d e[k+lwl rlOoqj oqtwn esssa ykrk gSA vQ+jkn dks tekr ds vtt+k gksus ds ukrs ls ;g t+:jh gS fd muds ikl vQ+dkj gksa tks mUgsa ckge ejcwr j[ksa vkSj og muds eqrkfcd+ ft+Unxh xqtkjssa blh rjg ;g Hkh t+:jh gS fd mu lc ds ikl ,d tSls ,glklkr vkSj tT+ckr gksa ] ftu ls og eqrkLflj Hkh gkssa vkSj mu dh rjQ+ dksf'k'k Hkh j[kas A blh rjg mu lc ds fy, ,d gh fut+ke gks] tks mudh ft+Unxh ds reke elkbZy gy djs ] blfy, ekywe gqvk fd eqvk'kjk vQ+jkn balkuh vQ+dkj&vks&,glklkr vkSj fut+ke ls eqjD+d+c gksrk gS vkSj balku viuh ft+Unxh esas bu vQ+dkj] ,glklkr vkSj fut+ke esa eqD+¸;n gksrk gSA fygkt+k ,d eqlyeku viuh ft+Unx+h essa gj fygkt+ ls bLyke ds lkFk ejcwr gS vkSj bldss fy, bles dksbZ vkt+knh ugha A pquk¡ps eqlyeku dk

56

vd+hnk bLyke dh gqnwn ds vanj eqD+¸;n gS vkSj og fdlh Hkh rjhd+s ls vkt+kn ugha A ;g gh otg gS fd eqlyeku ds fy, eqrZn gksuk cgqr cM+k tqeZ gSA vxj rkSck uk djs rks og lt+k dk eqLrkfgd+ gks tkrk gSA blh rjg ,d eqLkyeku dk 'k[lh igyw Hkh bLykeh fut+ke esa eqD+¸;n gks tkrk gS A blh fy;s ft+uk dks ,d cgqr cM+k tqeZ le>k tkrk gS]ftldh mls cxS+j fdlh ujeh vkSj 'kQ+d+r ds voke ds lkeus lt+k feyrh gS %

lwjs vy uwj es bj'kkn gS%

Iه8د I8ش Iي 8ه?م8ا و8ل 6ف8ة ع8ذ8اب 6ين8 مAن8 ط8ائ Iم?ؤIم6ن ]2 [سورة: النور - األية: ال

^^vkSj mu nksuksa ¼ t+kuh vkSj t+kfu;k ½ dks lt+k nsrs oD+r eqLyekuksa dh ,d tekvr

ekStwn gksuk pkfg, A [rjtqek evkuh vy dqjvku 24%02]

blh rjg 'kjkc [k+ksjh ,d tqeZ gS] ftldh lt+k feysxhA nwljkas ij t+qYe vkSj T+;knrh dks Hkh tqeZ d+jkj fn;k x;k gSA bl tqYe vkSj T+;knrh dh vius ,rckj ls eq[k+RkfyQ+ lt+k,as gSaA elyu d+Tk+Q+] d+Ry oXkS+jkA blh rjg bd+frlknh igyw Hkh 'kjbZ vkgdke ds lkFk eqd+¸;n gSa vkSj mlds vlckc flQ+Z ogh gks ldrs gS ] ftu dks 'kjkv us eqckg dj+kj fn;k gks vkSj ftu dh rkjhQ+ 'kjhvr esa bufQ+jknh feyfd+;r dh gSA nj gd+hd+r ;g bufQ+jknh feyfd;r Hkh 'kkjsv dh rjQ+ ls og btkt+r gS ]tks mlus fdlh pht+ ls uQ+k mBkus ds fy, nh gS pquk¡ps 'kfj;r dh bu gqnwn&vks&dq+;wn ls fudyuk Hkh t+qYe gS ] ftldh eq[k+rfyQ+ lwjras vkSj

57

vd+lke gks ldrh gS] pksjh] x+lc oXkSjk A ysgkt+k ,d ,slh fj;klr dk ik;k tkuk bUrsgkbZZ t+:jh gS tks bl Q+nZ vkSj tekvr dh fgQ+kt+r dj ldsa] vkSj tekvr ij fuT+kke dks ukfQ+l vkSj equrfcd+ dj ldsA pquk¡ps ;g Hkh t+:jh gS fd bl eCnk ds ekuus okyksa ds vanj eCnk ds vljkr Hkh ik, tkrs gksa] rkfd reke fgQ+kt+rh vey [k+qn yksxks dh tkfuc ls rckbZ rkSj ij vatke ik ldsa A blfy, og eCnk gh og pht+ gS tks eqvk'kjs dks ikcan vkSj egQwt+ j[krk gS ^tcfd fj;klr vgdkekr dks ukfQ+t+ djrh gS* tks bl ecnk ls ek[kwt+ gksrs gSaA ekywe gqvk fd fl;knr o bd+rsnkjsvkyk 'kjh;r dks gkfly gS uk fd fj;klr vkSj mEer dksA vxjps dqOor o rkd+r mEer ds ikl gh gksrh gS vkSj fj;klr bldk eqt+kfgj gksrh gSA il bLykeh fut+ke dks ukfQ+t+ djus dk rjhd+k fj;klr gS A vxjps bldk vfly ,rsekn Hkh ml [k+ksQ+s [k+qnk ij gksrk gS] tks ml Q+nZ eksfeu esa ik;k tkrk gS] tks bLykeh vkgdke dks ctk ykrk gSA et+hn cj vk¡ blds fy, og d+kuwu Hkh ukxqt+hj gS] ftls fj;klr ukfQ+T+k djsA rkfd ml ds lkFk eksfeu Q+nZ ds fy;s fgnk;r&vks &jsguqekbZ feys vkSj og rd+ok ds tT+cs ds rgr bLyke ij py ldsa A

bLyke ,d vd+hnk Hkh gS vkSj fut+ke gk, g;kr HkhA bLyke ,d ,slk ecnk gS tks ^fQ+d+z* Hkh gS vkSj rjhd+k Hkh gS ^tks fQ+dz dk vge fgLlk gSA bLyke dk fut+ke blds vius vd+hns ls tUe ysrk gSA bl rjg bldh rgt+hc Hkh ft+Unxh ds ckjs esa ,d e[k+lwl o eqrkbmu uewus dh gkfey gSA

58

bLykeh nkor dks vkxs iS'k djus ds fy;s bLyke dk rjhd+kdkj ;s gS fd bLyke dks fj;klr dh tkfuc ls ukQ+t+ fd;k tk;s* vkSj fQ+j blds lkFk bLyke dks fQ+djh d+;knr ds rkSj ij nqfu;k ds lkeus iS'k fd;k tk;s* tks bLyke dks le>us vkSj bl ij vEy djus dh vlkl ij gksuh pkfg,A yksxksa ij gqdwer ds t+fj;s ls bLyke dks ukfQ+t+ djuk gh nkor dks iS'k djuk gSA D;ksafd x+Sj eqfLyeksa ij bLykeh fut+ke dh rUQ+ht+ gh dks bLykeh nkor ds fy, veyh rjhd+s dkj xjnkuk tkrk gS* vkSj bl rUQ+ht+ dk cgqr cM+k vlj gS* ml vkyes bLykeh dks iSnk djus esa* tks vkt nwj&nwj rd QSyk gqvk gSA

[kqyklk dyke ;s gS fd nqfu;k esa rhu eqcknh gSA ljek;knkjh b'krsjkfd;r vkSj rhljk ecnk bLyke gSA buesa ls gj ,d ecnk dk viuk vdh+nk gS* ftlls fut+ke tUe ysrk gSA gj ,d ds ikl ft+Unxh esa bUlkuh vkeky dks tkapus ds fy;s ,d es;kj gS vkSj eqvk'kjs ds ckjs esa ,d [k+kl uqd+rk vkSj fut+ke dks ukfQ+l djus dk [k+kl rjhd+k gSA

tgka rd vd+hns dh ckr gS rks b'krjkdh ecnk dh jk; ;s gS fd eknk gh reke vf'k;k dh vly gS vkSj reke vf'k;k ekíh rjD+d+h ¼bjrsd+k½ ds t+fj;s gh ls otwn esa vkrh gSa* ;kfu Mk;ysDfVdy esVsfj;kfyT+e (Dialectical Materialism) ds t+fj;sA ljek;knkjh dk ut+fj;k ;s gS fd nhu dk nqfu;k ls tqnk gksuk t+:jh gSA pqukaps urhts ds rkSj ij nhu fj;klr ls Hkh tqnk gks tkrk gSA fygkt+k ljek;knkj bl cgl esa iM+uk gh ugha pkgrs fd dksbZ [k+kfyd+ gS ;k ugha\ vycRrk ;s t+:j dgrs gSa fd [k+kfyd+ dk

59

ft+Unxh esa dksbZ vey n[k+y ugha gksuk pkfg,A pqukaps bldk ,srjkQ+ vkSj badkj mu ds fy;s cjkcj gSA ;gh otg gS fd buds vd+hns dh :g ls [k+kfyd+ dk eksvrjQ+ vkSj bldk eqUdj nksuks cjkcj gS* vkSj ;gh nhu dks nqfu;k ls tqnk dj nsus dk vd+hnk gS A

bLyke dk vd+hnk gS ds vYykg rvkyk gh reke ekStwnkr dk [k+kfyd+* vkSj blh us cuh uw balku ds fy;s vius vfEc;k vkSj jlwyksa dks nhu ds lkFk ecÅl Q+jek;k gSA ogh d+;ker ds fnu balku ls blds vkeky dk fglkc fdrkc ysxkA pqukaps bLyke dk vd+hnk bZeku fcYykg* bZeku fcy eyk,dk ^bZeku fcy dqrqc* bZeku fcj :lqy* bZeku fcy ;kSfey vkf[k+j vkSj d+t+k o d+nj ds [k+Sj o 'kj ds feu tkfuc vYykg gksus dh cqfu;kn ij eq'krfey gSA

vd+hns ls fut+ke fdl rjg QwVrk gS\ [kqyklk dyke

vc jgk loky fd vd+hns ls fut+ke fdl rjg QwVrk gS \ rks dE;qfuT+e dh jk; gS fd fut+ke t+jksvk iSnkokj ls ek[k+wt gSA D;ksafd tkxhjnkjkuk* evk'kjs esa dqYgkM+k iSnkokj dk x+kfyc t+fj;k Fkk vkSj blh ls tkxhjnkjh fut+ke ek[k+wt+ gqvk A t+kehjnkjkuk evk'kjk pqukaps tc bl fd+Le dk evk'kjk ljek;knkjh dh rjQ+ rjD+d+h djrk gS rks e'khujh t+fj;k iSnkokj cu tkrh gSA fygkt+k blls ljek;knkjkuk fut+ke v[k+t+ gksrk gS* ftl dk lcc* Mk;ysfDVdy esVsfj;ykft+e* gSA ljek;knkjkuk ecns dh jk; gS fd tc balku us nhu dks nqfu;k ls vyx dj fn;k* rks blds fy;s t+:jh gS fd oks bl g;kr gh ls vius

60

fy;s ct+krs [kqn fut+ke ot+k djsA pqukaps bl rjg balku okd+svru viuk fut+ke [kqn ot+k djuk 'kq: dj nsrk gSA ysfdu bLyke dh jk; ;s gS fd fut+ke vYykg rvkyk dh rjQ+ ls gksuk pkfg, vkSj vYykg rvkyk us l¸;nuk eksgEen dks bl fut+ke ds lkFk ecÅl Q+jek;k vkSj vki us bls balku rd igqpk¡ fn;k gS A vc balku ij ykft+e gS fd og bl fut+ke ij pysA eqLyeku dks pkfg, fd og igys viuh eq'kfdykr dks le>sa] fQ+j fdrkc vkSj lqUur ls bl eq'kfd+ykr dk gy fudkysa A

ft+Unxh esa vkeky ds fy, es;kj : [kqyklk dyke

ft+Unxh esa vkeky ds fy, es;kj dk tgk¡ rd rvYyqd+ gS rks dE;qfuT+e dh jk; ;g gS fd ekfí;r ;kuh ekfí fut+ke gh ft+Unxh es vkeky dk es;kj gS vkSj ekís ds bjfrdk ls es;kj rjD+d+h djrk gS ljek;knkjkuk eCnk dh jk; ;g gS fd ft+Unxh es vkeky dk es;kj euQ+kr gS A vkeky dks tkp¡uk vkSj vkeky dk lj vatke nsuk euQ+kr ds fe;kj dh cqfu;kn ij gksxk bLyke dgrk gS ft+Unxh esa veky dk es;kj gyky&vks&gjke ;kfu vYykg rvkyk ds vokfej&vks&uokgh gSaA il gyky dke dks fd;k tk,sxk vkSj gjke dke ls bTfrukc fd;k tk,sxk A bl es;kj dh rkchy gks ldrh gS vkSj u ;g rCnhy gks ldrk gS vkSj uk bles euQ++kr dk dksbZ vlj gSA pquk¡ps ,gfe;kr flQ+Z 'kfj;r dks gfly gS vkSj gqDe 'kfj;r gh dh gS A

eqvk'kjs ds ckjs es uqDrk&,&ut+j% [kqyklk dyke

tg¡k rd eqvk'kjs ds ckjs es uqDrk&,&ut+j dk rvkYyqd+ gS] rks dE;qfuT+e dh jk; gS fd

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eqvk'kjk ,d vke eteqvk gS bles t+jk; iSnkokj]f Q+rjr vkSj balku reke ekík gksus ds ,srckj ls ^^'ks;okfgn gS** vkSj fQ+rjr vkSj tks dqN mlesa gS] rjD+d+h djrs gS] rks muds lkFk balku Hkh rjD+d+h djrk gSA pquk¡ps iwjk eqvk'kjk Hkh rjD+d+h djrk gSA fygkt+k eqvk'kjk ekíh rjD+d+h dk eksgrkt vkSj rkcs gSA balku dk dke flQZ+ bruk gS fd og rukdq+t+kr ¼b[+frykQ+kr½ dks iSnk djrk jgs] rkfd ;g rjD+d+h rst+ rj gks ldsA fQ+j tc eqvk'kjk rjD+d+h djrk gS rks Q+nZ Hkh mlds lkFk rjD+d+h djrk gS ;kfu og eqvk'kjs ds fxnZ bl rjg xjfn'k djrk gS] tSls xjkjh ifg, ds lkFkA blh rjg ljek;knkjkuk fut+ke dh blds ckjs esa jk; ;g gS fd eqvk'kjk vQ+jkn ls feydj curk gSA blfy, tc ,d Q+nZ ds mewj equT+t+e gks tkrs gS rks eqvk'kjs ds mewj Hkh equT+t+e gks tkrs gS blfy, flQ+Z Q+nZ ij ut+j j[kus dh t+:jr gS] tc dh gqdwer flQ+Z Q+nZ ds fy, gh dke djrh gS blfy, bl eCnk dks bUfQ+jkfn;kr dk ut+fj;k dgk tkrk gSA bLyke dgrk gS fd ftl vlkl ij eqvk'kjk d+k;e gksrk gS ] og vd+hnk vQ+dkj ,glklkr vkSj blls tks fut+ke Q+wVrk gS] ml ij eq'krfey gksrk gSA il bLykeh eqvk'kjk rc oqtwn es vkrk gS tc bLykeh vQ+dkj&vks&,glklkr x+kfyc gksa vkSj bLykeh fut+ke yksxkas ij ukfQ+t+ gks A eqvk'kjk balkuh vQ+dkj &vks&,glklkr ds eteq,s dks dgrs gSa A fygkt+k ,d balku nwljs balku ds lkFk feydj tekvr rks feydj cuk ldrk gS ]ysfdu ,d eqvk'kjs dk oqtwn yksxksa esa ,d gh fdLe ds vQ+dkj&vks&,glklkr vkSj ,d gh fut+ke ds cX+kSj ugha gksrk tks mu ij ukfQ+t+ gksa A og pht+ tks

62

balkuks ds ekcsu rkvYyqd+kr iSnk djrh gS] og eq'krfjdk elfygr gS A vxj bl elfygr ij vQ+dkj eqRrkfgn gks tk,sa vkSj bl rjg ml ij ,glklkr Hkh eqRrkfgn gks tk,s] rks jt+keaanh vkSj ukjkt+h Hkh eqRrkfgn gks tk,saxs A blh rjg og fut+ke tks eq'kfdy dks gy djrk gS og Hkh vxj ,d gks rks balkuks ds njfe;ku rvkYyqd+kr iSnk gks tkrs gS A ysfdu vxj elfygr dh otg ls vQ+dkj eq[k+rfyQ+ gkss tk, ;k ,glklkr eq[k+rfyQ+ gks rks jt+keanh vkSj ukjkt+h Hkh dHkh ,d ugh gksaxs A ;g ml lwjr es Hkh gksrk gS ]tc og fut+ke eq[k+RkfyQ+ gks tks balkuks dh eq'kfdykr dks gy djrk gS vkSj tks rvkYyqd+kr ] ,glklkr vkSj fut+ke dk eteqvk gksrk gS vxj rvkYyqd+ iSnk uk gksxk rks eqvk'kjk d+k;e uk gksxk A ;g gh pht+sa tekvr dks ,d e[k+lwl eqvk'kjk cukrh gaS bl fy, vxj fdlh eqvk'kjs ds reke yksx eqlyeku gkssa ysfdu og ljek;knkjkuk tEgwfj;r ds vQ+dkj ds gkfey vkSj vyecjnkj gksa] muds tT+ckr :gkfu;r ]oru ijLrh] vkSj dksfe;r ij dk+;ke gksa vkSj og ut+ke tks mu ij ukfQ+t+ gks ljek;knkjkuk tEgwfj;r gks]rks og eqvk'kjk x+Sj bLykeh eqvk'kjk gS A vxjps mlds cs'krj vQ+jkn eqlyeku gh D;ksa uk gksa A

fut+ke dks ukfQ+t+ djuk : [kqyklk dyke

tg¡k rd fut+ke dks ukfQ+t+ djus dk rvkYyqd+ gS] rks dE;wfuT+e dh jk; gS fd fj;klr gh bldks rkd+r vkSj d+kuwu ds t+ksj ij ukfQ+t+ djus dh etkt+ gSA bl ds vQ+jkn vkSj tekvkr ds elkbZy vkSj eqvkeykr dh Hkh ogh ft+Eesnkj gS vkSj

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fut+ke dh rjD+d+h Hkh fj;klr gh ds t+fj;s ls gksrh gSA ljek;knkjh ds [+;ky eas gqdwer dk dke gqfj;kr ¼vkt+kfn;kas½ dh fuxjkuh gSA lks dksbZ 'k[+l fdlh nwljs 'k[+l dh vkt+knh esa nLrnjkt+h djs rks mls euk fd;k tk,sxk D;ksafd fj;klr dk oqtwn gh vkt+kfn;ksa dh t+ekur gSA rkge vxj dksbZ nwljs dh vkt+knh dks lYc fd;s cx+Sj mldk bLrslky djs vkSj mlds gqdwd Nhu ys] ysfdu ;g lc mldh jt+keanh ls gks rks] bldks vkt+knh ij nLrnjkt+h ugh dgk tk,sxk vkSj fj;klr mls eas eqnkf[k+yr ugh djsxk A pquk¡ps fj;klr dk oqtwn flQ+Z gqfj;kr ¼vkt+knh;ksa½ dh t+ekur ds fy, gS A ysfdu bLyke dh jk; gS fd fdlh fut+ke dks ,d Q+nZ eksfeu ds rD+ok ¼[k+ksQ+s[k+qnk½ vkSj fj;klr ds fuQ+kt+ dh cqfu;kn ij d+k;e gksuk pkfg,A D;ksafd eqvk'kjs esa (45)bLyke dh vnkyr vkSj balkQ+ ilanh dk 'kÅj gksrk gSA fj;klr ds vezfcy ek:Q+ vkSj ugh vfuyequdj ds fy, mEer dk rvkoqu gkfly gksrk gSa vkSj bl dks fj;klr dh dq+Oor ds t+fj;s ukfQ+t+ djrh gS A fj;klr tekvkr ds mewj dh fuxjkuh djrh gS A ;g Q+nZ ds mewj dh fuxjkuh ml oDr djrh gS tc og Q+nZ [k+qn mudh fuxjkuh vkSj fgQ+kt+Rk ls vkftt+ gks A ;g fut+ke dHkh rjD+d+h ugh djrkA fj;klr dks vkgdkes 'kfj;kr dks ^^rcuh** dk b[+fr;kj gkfly gS] tc bTrsgkn ds eqrkvfín urkbt fudyrs gksa A

eCnk dh fQ+djh fd+;knr vkSj balkuh fQ+rjr : [kqyklk dyke

64

bLyke ds eCnk dh fQ+djh fd+;knr balkuh fQ+rjr ds lkFk eqDeey gevkgxa gSA ;g viuh bUrsgkbZ xsgjkbZ rd le>us esa lgy vkSj vklku gS A tw¡gh balku viuh vDy vkSj viuk fny blds fy, [kksyrk gS] rks bldks d+kfcys Q+ge le>dj dqcwy dj ysrk gS vkSj mldh ckjhfd;ksa dks le>us dh dksf'k'k djrk gS A D;ksafd ^^ftfcYyrs rn¸;qu** balku dk ,d fgLlk gS vkSj gj balku fQrjh ,srckj ls ^êqrkn¸;u** gS A dksbZ Hkh dqOor bl fQ+rjr dks gVkus dh rkd+r ugh j[k+rh bl fy, fd bl dh tM+s balku ds vanj fugk;r xgjh gSA balku rckbZ rkSj ij ;g 'kÅj j[krk gS fd og ukfd+l gS] vkSj bl ls cMh dksbZ d+qOor gS ] tks rd+nhl dh eqlrkfgd+ gS A rn¸;qu balku dh og gktkr gaS tks og vius [k+fyds&enqCfcj ds fy, eglwl djrk gS A ;g balku dh rdohu ds vanj ik,s tkus okys bTT+k ls iSnk gksrk gS ;g ftfcYyrs rn¸;qu ,d iq[+rk vkSj ik;nkj pht+ gS vkSj mldk [k+kl jnns vey rd+íql gS A blfy, balku gj t+ekus esa eqrkn¸;u jgk gS vkSj fdlh uk fdlh pht+ dh bcknr djrk jgk gS A balku [k+qn balku dh ] vklekuksa dh ]iRFkjkas dh ]gsokukr vkSj vkx ox+Sjk dh ijfLr'k djrk jgk gS A bLyke vius vd+hns ds lkFk bLkfy, t+gwj fit+hj gqvk fd og balku dks e[k+yqdkr dh bcknr ls fudkydj ,d vYykg dh bcknr esa yxk,s]ftlus gj 'k; dks iSnk fd;k A tc bl ekíh eCnk dk t+gwj gqvk gS] tks vYykg rvkyk vkSj :g dk equfdj gS]rks og Hkh balku esa ekStwn bl fQ+rjh rn¸;qu dks [+kRe u dj ldk A cfYd+ mlus balku ds vanj viuh ls cM+h d++qOor ds rLkOoqj vkSj ml dqOor ds rd+íql dks]vius eCnk ds gkfeyhu dh

65

d+qOor ds rlOoqj dh rjQ+ equrfd+dj fn;k A xks;k bl rjg og ihNs dh rjQ+ yksV x;k]vkSj balku es ik;s tkus okys bl tT+ck,s rdíql dks vYykg rvkyk dh bCkknr dh rjQ+ ls balkuks dh bcknr dh rjQ+ dj fn;kA bl dks vYykg dh vk;kr ds rDíql ls Qsj dj e[k+ywd+ ds dyke ds rd+íql dh rjQ+ Mky fn;kA bl rjg ;g ut+fj;k ,d fd+Le dk jtr ilnakuk ut+fj;k gS tc ;g fQ+rjrs rn¸;qu dks [+kRe uk dj ldk rks bldks jtr ilnakuk rkSj ij ,d flEr eas eksM+ fn;k A bl fy, bl eCnk dh fQ+Ø+h fd+;knr fQ+rjrs balkuh ds f[+kykQ+ gS vkSj ,d lych uksbZ;r dh fd+;knr gS A ekywe gqvk fd dE;wfuT+e dh fQ+Øh fd+;knr balkuh fQ+rjr dks flQ+Z eSns ds fxnZ ?kwekrh gS vkSj flQ+Z Hkw[kksa [k+kSQ+t+nk yksxksa vkSj ek;wl vQ+jkn dks viuh yisV es ys ysrh gS flQZ+ iLr fgEer vQ+jkn bl dks b[+fr;kj djrs gaS A ft+Unxh es ihNs jg tkus okys vkSj nwljks dks gln vkSj jd+kcr ls ns[kus okys vD+y ds dksjs balku gh bl ekíh ut+fj;s dks b[+fr;kj djrs gaS rkfd tc og MkbZysDVjhdy ut+fj;s ¼ftldk vD+y&vks&fgl ½ dh :g ls ckfry vkSj Q+kfln rjhu pht+ gksuk lkfcr gks pqdk gS ds lkFk ckNsa [kksys] rks mUgs vckZcs fQ+Ø es ls eku fy;k tk,s A blfy, ;g ut+fj;k vius eCnk ds lkeus yksxksss dks >qdkus ds fy, dqOor&vks&rkdr dk lkgjk ysrk gSApquk¡ps 'kksfj'k]rckgh ijs'kkuh]tq+Ye vkSj gaxkes ml ds vgerjhu olkbZy gaSA

blh rjg ljek;knkjh fQ+Øh fd+;knr Hkh balkuh ftfCkYyrs rn¸;qu ds eq[k+kfyQ+ gSA D;ksafd ftfcYyrs rn¸;qu dk bTk+gkj]ftl rjg rd+íql esa gksrk gS mlh rjg ft+Unxh esa balkuh veky dh

66

rnchj eas Hkh gksrk gS A bl b[+frykQ+ dk ml oDr bt+gkj gksrk gS ]tc bl rnchj ls vksgnkcjk gqvk tk,]vkSj ;g balku dh vtt+h dh vyker gS A blfy, t+:jh gS fd ft+Unxh eas balku tqeyk vkeky dk eqnfCCkj flQ+Z nhu gksuk pkfg, tks ogh ds t+fj, [k+kfyd dh rjQ+ ls gksA nhu dks ft+Unxh ls vyx dj nsuk fQ+rjrs balkuh ds f[k+ykQ+ gS ysfdu tgk¡ rd bl vEj dk rvkYyqd+ gsS fd ft+Unxh eas nhu ds oqtwn ds D;k ekuh gS \ rks geas ekywe gksuk pkfg, dh bl dk gjfxt+ ;g ekuh ugh dh nqfu;k dh ft+Unxh dks ukfQ+t+ djus dk vYykg rvkyk us gqd+we fn;k gS vkSj mlh ds veky dks bCkknr cuk fn;k tk,s A cfYd ft+Unxh es nhu ds oqtwn ds ekuh ;g gSa fd og fut+ke ukfQ+t+ fd;k tk, ftl ds t+fj;s ft+Unxh dh reke eq'kfdykr dks gy fd;k tk, vkSj ;g fuT+kke ml vd+hns ls Q+wVrk gks tks balku dh ftfCkYyrs rn¸;qu ds eqrkfcd+ gks A bl fut+ke dks ml vd+hns ls v[+t+ djuk tks nhu dh ft+Unxh ls tqnkbZ dh fQ+Ø ij d+k;e gks vkSj ftfcYyrss rn¸;qu ds ekfQ+d uk gks balkuh fQ+rjr ds f[k+ykQ+ gSA blfy, ljek;knkjkuk fut+ke dh fQ+Øh fd;knr fQ+rjr ds igyw ds ,rckj ls barsgkbZ iLr vkSj ek;wldqu gS D;ksafd ;g nhu dks ft+Unxh ls tqnk djus fQ+rjrs nhu gk;r ls nwj djus] nhu dks balku dk bafQ+jknh elyk cuk nsus vkSj bl fut+ke dks nwj dj nsus ftlds eqrkfcd+ balkuh eq'kfdykr dks gy djus dk vYykg rvkyk us gqd+qe fn;k gS] fd otg ls ,d lych fd+;knr gS A bLykeh fQ+rjh fd+;knr ,d btkch fd+;knr gSA D;kasfd ;g vYykg rvkyk ds oqtwn ij bZeku ykus ds fy, vD+y dks vlkl cukrh gS vkSj bl ds fy, balkuh

67

ut+j dks dk;ukr]balku vkSj g;kr dh rjQ+ eqrkoT+tsg djrh gSA fygkt+k balku reke e[k+ywd+kr ds fy, ,d [k+kfyd+ ds oqtwn ij drbZ ;d+hu ds lkFk eqrebZu gks tkrk gSA ;g fd;knr balku dh bl gokys ls eqbZu vkSj ennxkj gksrh gS fd og [kq+n viuh fQ+rjr dh : ls ml ^^dkfeys eqryd+** dk eqrkyk'kh gks tkrk gS tks u balku es ik;k tkrk gS u dk;ukr esa]u gk;kr esa] ;g fd+;knr ml t+kr dh rjQ+ vd+ys balkuh dh jguqekbZ djrh gS vkSj vD+ys balkuh bl dk bnjkd djus ds ckn ml ds oqtwn ij bZeku ykrh gS A

dE;wfuT+e dh fQ+Øh fd+;knr eCuh cj vD+y ugh ]cfYd og ecuh cj ekík gS] vxjps vD+y gh ml dks ml rjQ+ ys tkrh gSA D;kssafd bl dk dguk gS fd ekík igys gS vkSj fQ++Ø+ ckn eas ;g gh otg gS fd ;g ekís dks reke vkf'k;k dk vly d+jkj nsrh gSA blfy, ;g [k+kfyl ekíh fQ+Ø gS ljek;knkjh dh fQ+Ø+h fd+;knr ^^ gys oLr ** ij ecuh gS tks fjtkys &duhlk vkSj fjtkys&fQ+Ø ds njfe;ku lfn;ksa rd tkjh t+cnZLr d'kekd'k ds urhts es ;gk rd igq¡ph ;g vkf[k+jdkj bl gy ij igq¡ph fd nhu fj;klr ls tqnk gS bl ls ekywe gqvk fd ;g nksukas fQ+Øh fd+;knrsa ¼dE;wfuT+e vkSj ljek;knkjh½ bUrsgkbZ iLrh essa gaS D;ksafd ;g nksuksa fQ+Rkjrs balkuh ls eqrkufd+T+k¼eqrkt+kn½ vkSj eCuh cj vD+y ugha gSa A

gkflys dyke

gkflys dyke ;g gS fd flQ+Z bLykeh fQ+Øh fd+;knr gh lgh fQ+Øh fd+;knr gS vkSj bl ds vykok

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tks Hkh fQ+Øh fd+;knrsa gSa og Q+kfln gSa blfy, bLykeh fQ+Øh fd+;knr eCuh cj vD+y gS ] tcfd nwljh fQ+Øh fd+;knrsa eCuh cj vD+y ugha A blfy, fQ+Øh fd+;knr fQ+rjrs balkuh ds lkFk ge vkgax vkSj eqRrfQ+d+ gS vkSj nwljh fQ+Øh fd+;knrsa fQ+rjrs balkuh ds eq[+rfyQ+ gaS A bldh rQ+lhy dqN ;ksa gS%

dE;wfuT+Ek dh fQ+Øh fd+;knr eCuh cj vD+Yk ugh cfYd eCuh cj ekfí;r gS D;ksafd ;g ut+fj;k dgrk gS fd eCnk fQ+Ø ;kfu vD+y ls eqd+íe gS D;ksafd tc ekík fnekx+ ij equvfdl+ gksrk gS rks fQ+Ø oqtwn eas vkrh gS fQ+j fnekx+ bl ekís ds ckjs essa ;ksa x+kSjks fQ+Ø djrk gS tks bl ij equvfdl+ gks pqdk gksrk gS ysfdu fnekx ij ekís ds bubdkl ls d+Cy dksbZ fQ+Ø ugha ikbZ tkrh blfy, gj pht+ ekís ij eCuh gS ij dE;wfuT+e dh fQ+Øh fd+;knr dh vfly efí;r gS fQ+Ø ugha A

ysfdu ;g ut+fj;k nks oqtwgkr dh fcuk ij x+yr gS (a) igyh otg ;g gS fd ekík vkSj fnekx+ ds njfe;ku dksbZ bubdkl ugha ik;k tkrk gS blfy, uk rks fnekx+ ekís ij equvfdl gksrk gS vkSj u ekík fnekx+ ij D;ksafd bubdkl ftl pht+ es equvfdl gks jgk gks ml ds vanj bubdkl dh dqcwfy;r dh lykfg;r dk eksgrkt gS A tSls fd vkbZuk fd mlds vanj bubdkl dh d+kfcy;r gS A ysfdu ;gk¡ ;kfu fnekx+ vkSj ekís esa bl fd+Le dh dksbZ flQ+r ugh D;ksafd u ekík fnekx+ ij equvfdl+ gS vkSj u mldh rjQ+ equrfd+y gksrk gS cfYd+ ekís dk ,glkl gokl ds t+fj;s fnekx+ dh rjQ+ equrfd+y gksrk gS ;g ekís dk fnekx+ ij

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bubdkl ugha vkSj u fnekx+ ij ekís dk bubdkl gS cfYd ;g rks ekís dk flQ+Z ,glkl gS vkSj bl fygkt+ ls vk[k¡ vkSj nwljs gokl ds ekcsu d+rvu dksbZ Q+dZ+ ughaA il ftl rjg lw?k¡us] Nwus] vkSj lqUkus ls ,glkl gksrk gS mlh rjg ns[kus ls Hkh gksrk gSA ekywe gqvk fd tks dqN vkf'k;k ds ckjs es fnekx+ esa vkrk gS fnekx+ ij mudk bubdkl ugha]cfYd og vf'k;k ds ckjs esa flQ+Z ,glkl gS A pquk¡ps balku gokls [k+Elk ds t+fj;s vf'k;k dks eglwl djrk gS u fd vkf'k;k fnekx+ ij equvkfdl gksrh gSaA bl ut+fj;s ds x+yr gksus dh nwljh otg ;g gS fd flQ+Z gokl ls fQ+Ø gkfly ugh gks ldrk]cfYd bu ls flQ+Z ,glkl gh gks ldrk gS ];kfu fdlh gd+hd+r dk ,glkl fdlh ,glkl ds pkgs djksM+ xqukg c<+k fn;k tk,s] mlls flQZ+ okfd+;k ¼gd+hd+r½ dk ,glkl gh gkfly gksxkA fQ+Ø fdlh d+her ij gkfly ugh gksxhA fQ+Ø ds fy, balku dks ikl lkfcdk+ ekywekr gksuh pkfg, ] rkfd muds t+fj;s og mu okfd+vkr dh rksthg dj lds] ftUgsa og esglwl djrk gS vkSj bl rjg mls fQ+Ø gkfly gks lds A ge fdlh balku dks idM+dj mls lqj;kuh fdrkc nss nsa vkSj mls lqj;kuh t+cku ds ckjs es dqN ekywekr u gks vkSj ge ml ls dgsa fd og vius gokl dks bl fdrkc ij Mkysa mls ns[ks vkSj Nq,aA og vius gokl ,d djksM+ nQ+k Hkh bl ij Mkys] bldks ns[ks vkSj Nq, rc Hkh og ,d dYes dks ugh le>sxk A tc rd dh ge mls lqj;kuh t+cku vkSj mlds eqrkfYyd+ nwljh pht+ks ds cksj esa ekywekr eqg¸;k u dj nsa A tc ge mls eqrkfYyd+k ekywekr cge igqpk¡,xs] vkSj og ml ds ckjs esa x+ksj&vks&fQ+Ø+ 'kq: djsxk rks fQ+j og bldk bnjkd djus yxsxkA blh rjg ,d vkSj felky

70

yhft,A ge ,d ,sls cPps dks ysrs gS ftl ds ikl gokl rks ik, tkrs gS ysfdu lkfcd+k ekywekr dqN Hkh uk gks ! ge mlds lkeus lksus]ihry vkSj iRFkj dk ,d&,d rqdM+k j[k+ nsa vkSj dgsas fd og vius reke gokl bu vf'k;k ij Mkys ! ml ds fy, bu vf'k;k dk bnkjd fQ+j Hkh eqefdu u gksxk pkgs og fdruh gh ckj bUgs ns[ks vkSj ns[kus dh uksbZ¸;r dqN Hkh gks ! vycŸkk tc ge mlss muds ckjs esa ekywekr ns nsaxs]rks og eglwl djsxk vkSj mu ekywekr dks dke esa ykrs gq,] bu dk bnjkd dj ysxk ! ysfdu bl cPps dks vxj ekywekr u nh tk,as vkSj mldh mez c<+ dj chl lky Hkh gks tk,] rc Hkh og igys fnu tslk gh jgsxk pkgs mldk fnekx+ fdruk gh cM+k D;ksa u gks tk, og bu dk bnjkd ugha dj ldsx+k D;kssafd bnjkd flQ+Z fnekx+ ds t+fj;s ugh gksrk] cfYd ml ds lkFk lkfcd+k ekywekr vkSj ckd+s, dk ,glkl gksuk ykt+eh gS A

;g bnjkd vD+y ls eqrkfYyd+ Fkk vkSj tgk¡ rd ^^'kÅjh bnjkd+** dk rkvYyqd+ gS rks ;g ftfCkYYkrksa vkSj vt+fo;krh gktkr dh iSnkokj gSA ;g Hkh eqvkeyk gsokuks esa gS vkSj balkuks esa Hkh ;g ik;k tkrk gS A balku Hkh ckj&ckj nsus ls lsc [kkrk gS vkSj iRFkj dks ugha [kkrk A x/kk Hkh tks [kkrk gS]feV~Vh ugha [kkrk A bl reht+ dks fQ+Ø ugha dgk tkrk vkSj ;g bnjkd Hkh ugha gS] cfYd ;g rks ftfcYyrsa vkSj vt+fo;krh gktkr gSA bl es balku vkSj gSoku lc cjkcj gSa A ekywe gqvk fd fQ+Ø lkfcd+k ekywekr vkSj okds+, ds ,glkl dks fnekx+ dh rjQ+ eqUrfd+y fd;s cx+Sj gkfly ugh gksrkA xks;k vD+y]fQ+Ø ;k bnjkd ls eqjkn]fdlh

71

okds+, ds ,glkl dk gokl ds t+fj, fnekx+ dh rjQ+ eqUrfd+y gksuk]vkSj lkcsd+k ekywekr dk ik;k tkuk] ftu ds t+fj, ls bl okds+, dh rksthg dh tk lds+ A pquk¡ps dE;wfuT+e dh fQ+Øh fd+;knr x+yr vkSj Q+kfln gS A D;ksafd ;g eCuh cj vD+y ugha A bl ds vykok og fQ+Ø vkSj vD+y ds ek;uks dks Hkh lgh rjg ugha le> lds] vkSj mUgksus tks ek;us is'k fd;s gS og Q+kfln gaS A

bl rjg ls ljek;knkjkuk fQ+Øh fd+;knr] fjtkys duhlk vkSj eqQ+Ddsjhu ds njfe;ku ^^gysoLr**¼njfe;kuk gy½ dh cqfu;kn ij d+k;e gSA D;ksafd fjtkys duhlk vkSj eqQ+Ddjhu ds njfe;ku ,d rohy vkSj t+cjnLr d'ed'k ds ckn og bl ^^gysoLr** ¼njfe;kuh gy½ ij igq¡ps fd nhu ft+Unxh ls vyx gS A xks;k fd bles nhu dk ft+Euh rkSj ij ,rjkQ gS+] ysfdu ;g ft+Unxh ls vyx gksus dk vd+hnk gS A fygkt+k ;g fQ+Øh fd+;knr ecuh&cj&vD+y ugha] cfYd+ flQ+Z ^^gysrjfn;k** ¼jt+keUnh dk gy½ ;k ^^gysoLr** ¼njfe;kuh gy½ gSA ;g gh otg gS ge ns[krs gSa ^^gysoLr** dh tM+s muds vanj cgqr x+gjh gSA ;g yksx gd+ dks ckfry ds djhc ykuk pgkrs gS] bZeku&vks&d+qQ+Z vkSj jks'kuh vkSj rkjhdh ds njfe;ku ^^gysoLr** ds t+fj, d+qjcr ryk'k djrs gaS A gkykafd bu gd+kbZd ds njfe;ku ^^gysoLr** gks gh ugha ldrk A D;ksafd gd+&vks&ckfry esa beku&vks&d+qQ+Z esa vkSj jks'kuh vkSj rkjhdh esa flQZ+ ,d gh gks ldrk gS A ysfdu og ^^gysoLr** ftl dh cqfu;kn ij mudk vd+hnk vkSj mudh fQ+Øh fd+;knr d+k;e gS ]og gd+] bZeku vkSj jks'kuh ls cgqr nwj gS A fygkt+k

72

mu dh fQ+Øh fd+;knr] ecuh cj vD+y u gksus dh otg ls] Q+kfln vkSj x+yr gS A

bLykeh fQ+Øh fd+;knr ecuh cj vD+y gS A ;g eqlyeku ij vYykg] eksgEen vkSj d+qjkus djhe ij vD+yh rjhd+ss ls bZeku ykus dks Q+t+Z d+jkj nsrh gS A blh rjg og x+Sc ls eqrkfYyd+k mewj ij bZeku dks Hkh Q+t+Z d+jkj nsrh gS] og ,d ,slh pht+ ls iSnk gksrs gSa] ftudk oqtwn vD+y ls lkfcr gS A ;kfu dqjku ;k gnhls eqrkokfrj A pquk¡ps ekywwe gqvk fd ;g fQ+Øh fd+;knr ecuh cj vD+y gS A

;g xq¶+rqx+w bLykeh fQ+Øh fd+;knr ds ecuh cj vD+y gksus ds gokys ls Fkh A tgk¡ rd fQ+rjr dk rvkYyqd+ gS] rks bLykeh fQ+Øh fd+;knr fQ+rjr ds Hkh ,su eqrkfcd+ gSA D;ksafd fQ+rjrs balkuh nhu ds oqtwn ij xq+eku j[krh gS ft+Unxh eas ml dks oqtwnh rkSj ij ik;s tkus dh otg ls] ft+Unxh dks vYykg rvkyk ds vokfej&vks&ukokgh ds eqrkfcd+ pykus ij bZeku j[krh gS A ^^rn¸;qu** ,d fQ+Øh pht+ gS D;ksafd ;g nwljh ftfcYyrksa dh rjg ,d ftfcYyr gS vkSj bldk viuk ,d [k+kl vlj gS A pquk¡ps nhu ij bZeku j[kuk vkSj balkuh veky dk vYykg rvkyk ds vokfej&vks&ukokgh ds eqrkfcd+ gksuk ,d ftfcYyh ¼fQ+rjh½ pht+ gS A ;g gh balkuh fQ+rjr ds eqvkfQ+d+ vkSj mlls gevkgax gS A cj f[k+ykQ+ nksuksa fQdjh fd+;knrksaa];kfu dE;wfufT+e vkSj ljek;knkjh ds] ;g nksuks balkuh fQ+rjr ds fcYdqy eq[k+kfyQ+ gSaA paqfd dE;wfufT+e fQ+Øh

73

fd+;knr fljs gh ls nhu ds oqtwn dh equfdj gS]vkSj nhu ds ,rsjkQ+ ds f[kYkkQ+ mlus ,d tax cjik dj nh]pquk¡ps ;g fQ+rjr ds fcYdq+y eq[k+kfyQ+ gS A ljek;knkjkuk fQ+Øh fd+;knr nhu dh eksrfjQ+ gS vkSj uk mldh equfdj og bl ,rjkQ+ dks ekstq+,&,&cgl Hkh ugha cukrhA gk¡ ! og nhu ds nqfu;koh ft+Unxh ls tqnk gksus dks t+:jh le>rh gS vkSj pgkrh gS fd ft+Unxh dh xkM+h dks flQ+Z uQ+s ¼Q+k;ns½ dh cqfu;kn ij pyuk pkfg,A nhu dk blesa fcYdqy dksbZ vey n[k+y ugha gksuk pkfg,A pquk¡ps ;g fQ+rjr ds lkFk eqrkukfd+t+ vkSj mlls cgqr nwj gS A

bl reke cgl ls ekywe gks x;k fd flQ+Z bLykeh fQ+Øh fd+;knr gh ,d lkysg fQ+Øh fd+;knr gS A D;ksafd ;g fQ+rjrs balkuh vkSj vD+ys balkuh ds eqvkfQ+d+ gSa blds vykok ckdh reke fQ+Øh fd+;knrsa ckfry gSa A il flQ+Z bLykeh fQ+Øh fd+;knr gh lgh rjhu vkSj dke;kc rjhu fQ+Øh fd+;knr gS A

D;k eqLyekukas us dHkh bLyke dks veyu ukfQ+t+ Hkh fd;k \ : gkflys dyke

vc loky flQ+Z ;g gS] fd D;k eqLyekukas us dHkh bLyke dks veyu ukfQ+t+ Hkh fd;k \ ;g rks ugha Fkk fd og bl vd+hns dks d+qcwy rks djsa] ysfdu mudk fut+ke vkSj gqd+wer x+Sj bLykeh gks \ bldk tokc ;g gS fd eqLyekukas us jlwyvYykg dh fgtjrs enhuk ls ysdj 1336 fgtjh ckeqrkfcd+ 1918 bZ0 rd tc bLrsekj ds gkFkksa vk[k+jh bLykeh fj;klr dk lqd+wr gks x;k bl vjls eas flQ+Z vkSj flQ+Z bLyke

74

gh ukfQ+T+k fd;s j[kkA ;g fuQ+kt+ bl d+nz gekxhj vkSj tkesv Fkk fd bLykeh fj;klr dk bl flyflys esa barsgkbZ dke;kch gkfly gqbZA tgk¡ rd eqLyekukas dk bLyke dks veyu ukfQ+t+ djus dk rvkYyqd+ gSArks ;g ckr t+guu'khu dj ysuh pkfg,] fd bLyke dks flQ+Z fj;klr gh ukfQ+t+ dj ldrh gS fQj fj;klr es bLyke dks ukfQ+t+ djus okys nks 'k[+l gksrs gSa :

1. d+kt+h] tks yksxksa ds njfe;ku Q+Slys djrk gS ! vkSj

2. nwljk gkfde] tks bu Q+Slyksa ds eqrkfcd+ yksxksa ij gqdwer djrk gS A

tgk¡ rd d+kt+h dk rvkYyqd+ gS] rks ;g ckr rokrqj ls ekywe gS fd d+kt+h jlwyvYykg ds t+ekus ls ysdj bLrecksy esa f[k+ykQ+r ds (52)

[k+kres rd ] yksxkas ds njfe;ku reke Q+Slys] pkgs eqlyekuksa ds ekcsu Fks ;k eqlyekukas vkSj dkfQ+jksa ds njfe;ku] 'kfj;rs eqrkfgjk gh ds eqrkfcd+ djrs jgs A og vnkyr]tks reke [k+qlqekr] gqd+wd+] tt+k vkSj vkgokys 'kf[+l;k ls eqrkfYyd+ Q+Slys djrh Fkh] flQ+Z ,d gh vnkyr gksrh Fkh A ;g vnkyr flQ+Z 'kfj;rs bLykeh dh : ls Q+Slys djrh FkhA bl ckjs es dksbZ ,d fjok;r Hkh ugha fd fdlh ,d elvys dk Hkh 'kfj;r ds f[+kykQ+ gqvk gks A ,slh Hkh dksbZ fjok;r ugha fd bLrsekj ds t+sjs vlj 'kjbZ vkSj fut+keh vnkyrksa ds vyx&vyx gks tkus ls d+Cy vkyes bLyke esa ikbZ tkus okyh fdlh vnkyr us Hkh bLyke ls gV dj fdlh xS+j bLykeh cqfu;kn ij dksbZ Q+Slyk fn;k gks A bldh cgrjhu vkSj d+ohrjhu 'kjbZ

75

vknyrksa ds og fjdkMZ gSa]tks d+nhe 'kgjksa es tSls cx+nkn] nfe'd+] d+kfgjk vkSj bLrecksy cx+Sjk es egQ+wt+ gaS A ;g bl ckr dh ;d+huh nyhy gS fd eqlyeku d+kt+h flQ+Z vkSj flQ+Z 'kj&,s&bLykeh gh dks ukfQ+t+ fd;k djrs Fks A ;gk¡ rd ml nkSj esa ;gwn&vks&ulkjk u flQ+Z fQ+d+s bLykeh dks i<+rs Fks] cfYd bl esa rluhQ+&vks&rkyhQ+ Hkh fd;k djrs Fks] tSlk fd lyhe vyckt+]tks vyeqtYyk dk 'kkjsg gS A ;g mu xS+j eqlfyeksa eas ls gS] ftUgkasus vk[k+jh nkSj esa fQ+ds+ bLykeh esa rluhQ+&vks&rkyhQ+ dk dke fd;k A tgk¡ rd bl vEj dk loky gS fd ckt+ xS+j bLykeh d+okuhu dks bLykeh d+okuhu ds gyds+ es nkf[+ky fd;k x;k ]rks bldk tokc ;g gS fd bu d+okuhu dks cjkgsjkLr nkf[+ky ugha fd;k x;k]cfYd bUgas mysek&,s&bLyke ds mu Q+rkok dh cqfu;kn ij nkf[k+y fd;k x;k] fd ;g vkgdke bLyke ds eq[k+kfyQ+ ugha gaS A pquk¡ps ^^d+kuwu vytt+kmy mLekuh** 1275 fg0 eqrkfcd+ 1857 bZ0 eas nkf[k+y fd;k x;kA bl cqfu;kn ij ^^d+kuwu gd+wd&vks&frtkjr** 1276 fg0 ckeqrkfcd+ 1858 bZ0 esa nkf[k+y fd;k x;k A 1228 fg0 ckeqrkfcd+ 1870 bZ0 es vnkyrksa dks nks fgLlkas eas rd+lhe fd;k x;k];kfu 'kjbZ vnkyrsa vkSj fut+keh vnkyras A fQj 1295 fg0 ceqrkfcd+ 1877 bZ0 esa fut+keh vnkyrksa dh r'dhy ds fy, ,d ykvgs vey rS;kj fd;k x;k A tc mykek ^^vyd+kuwu vyenuh** dks fj;klr esa nkf[k+y dj nsus ds gokys ls vius ;gk¡ dksbZ tkckt+ u ik lds rks ** vyeqtYyk ** dks eqvkeykr ds fy, crkSj d+kuwu ot+k fd;k x;k A bl rjg ^^d+kuwus

76

enuh** 1286 fg0 esa eulw[+k fd;k x;k A bu lc d+okuhu dks bl gSfl;r ls ot+k fd;k x;k fd bLyke budh btkt+r nsrk gSA fQj ml oD+r rd bu ij veynj vken ugha fd;k tk ldrk tc rd fd mu ds fy;s ckd+k;nk Q+rkok ds t+fj;s btkt+r u gkfly dj yh xbZ gks vkSj 'ks[k+my bLyke bu dh jq[k+lr ¼ btkt+r ½ u ns A ;g gd+hd+r mu 'kkgh Q+jkehu ls iwjh rjg okts+g gks tkrh gS tks bl flyflys esa lkfnj fd;s x, Fks A ;g Hkh ,d gd+hd+r gS fd vxjps bLrsekj us 1918 bZ0 ls fcykns bLykfe;k esa bl d+kuwu&vks&tt+k ds gokys ls 'kjhvrs bLykeh ds cjf[k+ykQ+ QS+lys nsus 'kq: dj fn;s gS]ysfdu vHkh rd og bLykeh eqekfyd]ftu esa bLrsekj cjkgsjkLr viuh Q+kSts ysdj nkf[+ky ugha gqvk]vxjps vius vlj vks uqQ+wt+ ds ,rsckj ls ogk¡ Hkh nkf[k+y gks pqdk gks] muesa vnkyrh lrg ij vkt Hkh Q+Slys bLyke ds eqrkfcd+ fd;s tk jgs gSa A il tt+hjrqyvjc]fgtkt+]uTn] dqoSr vkSj vQ+xkfuLrku tSls eqekfyd esa vnkyrh lrg ij vkt 1383 fg0 ckeqrkfcd+ 1955 bZ0 rd bLyke gh dks ukfQ+T+k fd;k tk jgk gS vkSj vnkyrh nk;jks esa flQ+Z bLykeh 'kjhvr ds eqrkfcd+ gh gqdw+er dh tk jgh gS A bl ls okts+g gksrk gS fd bLykeh fj;klr ds reke vnokj esa flQ+Z bLyke gh dks ukfQ+T+k fd;k x;k vkSj fdlh f[k+ykQ+s bLyke gqDe ;k pht+ dks ukfQ+T+k ugha fd;k x;k A

tgk¡ rd gkfde dh tkfuc ls bLyke ds fuQ+kt+ dk rvkYyqd+ gS rks ;g ik¡p phtksa ij eq'krfey gS %

1 btfrekb¸;r ds eqrkvfYyd+ vkgdke , 'kjb¸;k]

77

2 bd+frlkn ls eqrkfYyd+]

3 rkyhe ls eqrkfYyd+]

4 [k+kfjth fl;klr ls eqrkfYyd+] vkSj

5 fut+ke , gqdejkuh ls eqrkfYyd+ A

bu ik¡p pht+ksa dks bLykeh fj;klr dh tkfuc ls ukfQ+t+ fd;k tkrk gS A

1 btfrekbZ fut+ke eas enZ vkSj vkSjr ds rkvYyqd+kr vkSj bu rkvYyqd+kr ij tks 'k[+lh vkgoky eqjRrc gksrsa gaS mUgsa eqr¸;u fd;k tkrk gS A blesa bLykeh vgdkekr dks vc rd bLrskej vkSj dkfQ+jkuk gqdw+er gksus ds ckoqtwn ukfQ+t+ fd;k tkrk jgk vkSj fdlh xS+j bLykeh gqdq++e dks ukfQ+t+ ugha fd;k x;k A

2 tgk¡ rd bd+frlknh fut+ke dk rkvYyqd+ gS]rks blds nks igyw gSa %

yksxkas dh eqf'dykr dks gy djus ds fy, fj;klr dk vkoke ls eky gkfly djukA

bu veoky dks [kpZ djus dh dsfQ+;r A

tgk¡ rd veoky dks gkfly djus dh ckr gS rks bLykeh fj;klr t+ehukas vkSj eosf'k;ksa ij crkSjs bcknr t+dkr oqlwy djrh gS vkSj mls flQ+Z mu vkB vlukQ+ ij [k+pZ djrh gS ftudk dq+jvku eas ft+Ø gqvk gS A fj;klr veokys t+dkr dks gqdwerh eqvkeykr pykus ds fy, bLrseky ugha djrh A fj;klr vkSj mEer ds eqvkeykr pykus ds fy, fj;klr 'kj; &bLykeh dh :g ls nwljs rjhd+s ls veoky gkfly djrh

78

gSA rkge bLykeh fj;klr us VSDlksa ds fy, dksbZ vkSj fut+ke bf[+r;kj ugha fd;k Fkk]cfYd og bLyke gh dks ukfQ+T+k fd;k djrh Fkh A pquk¡ps t+ehuksa ij f[k+jkt yxkrh Fkh vkSj mls oqlwy fd;k djrh Fkh ;k fQ+j xS+j eqlfyeksa ls tft+;k oqlwy fd;k djrh Fkh A [k+kjth vkSj nkf[+kyh frtkjr ij og mldh fuxjkuh djus dh otg ls VSDlsl gkfly djrh Fkh cjgky fj;klr tks Hkh veoky gkfly djrh Fkh flQZ 'kfj;rs bLykeh dh :g ls gkfly djrh Fkh A

tgk¡ rd veoky dh rd+lhe dk loky gS rks buesa vkftt+ ds fy, uku&vks&uQ+dk ^^lfQ+;k** ¼csle>½ vkSj ^êct+j** ¼tks eky gjke ij [k+pZ djs½ ij gtj dk dkuwu ukfQ+t+ djuk vkSj mu ij olh eqdjZj djuk 'kkfey Fkk A gj 'kgj]eqlkfQ+jksa vkSj gkft;ksa ds jkLrs ij ,slh txg d+k;e dh tkrh]tgk¡ ij Q+d+hj]feldhu vkSj eqlkfQ+j dks [kkuk vkSj fjgkbZ'k eqg¸;k fd;s tkrs Fks vkt rd cMs+ &cM+s 'kgjkas esa muds vklkj ekStwn gSaA gkflys dyke ;g gS fd fj;klr dh tkfuc ls tks Hkh ljQ+s eky gksrk Fkk og 'kfj;r ds f[k+ykQ+ ugha]cfYd 'kfj;r ds ,su eqrkfcd+ gqvk djrk Fkk A vxjps dksbZ deh ut+j vkrh gS rks og 'kfj;r dh xS+j ekstwnxh ls ugha cfYd mldh fuQ+kt+ esa dksrkgh dh otg ls Fkh A

3 jgh rkyhe dh ckr ! rks bldh cqfu;kn Hkh bLyke ij j[kh xbZ Fkh]vkSj bLykeh ld+kQ+r gh rjhd+k&,s&rkyhe dh vlkl Fkh A x+Sj bLykeh rkd+r v[+t+ djus dk jq>ku][k+kl rkSj ij tks fd tcfd og bLyke ls eqrkukfd+T+k gks]fcYdqy ugha FkkA enkfjl [kksyus esa dksrkgh flQ+Z nkSyr mlekfu;k

79

ds vk[k+jh nkSj eas reke bLykeh bykdksa eas ut+j vkrh gSA mldk lcc og fQ+Øh bufgrkr Fkk tks ml oD+r rd viuh vk[k+jh gn dks igq¡p pqdk FkkA bld vykok ckd+h reke vnokj ds ckjs eas rks ;g ckr cgqr e'kgwj gS fd flQ+Z bLykeh fj;klr gh mykek vkSj eqrkYysehu dh vk[kkas dk rkjk Fkh nqfu;k¡ eas bYe dks vke djus es tkfe;k d+jrck]cxnkn]nfe'd] Ldanfj;k vkSj d+kfgjk dk cgqr cM+k fdjnkj gS A

4 bLykeh fj;klr dh [k+kjth fl;klr Hkh bLyke dh vlkl ij eCuh Fkh A fj;klr nwljh fj;klr ds lkFk reke rvYyqd+kr bLykeh vlkl ij d+k;e djrh Fkh vkSj nwljh fj;klras Hkh bl fj;klr dks ,d bLykeh fj;klr dh ut+j ls ns[krh FkhaA reke [k+kjth rkvYyqd+kr dh cqfu;kn bLykeh vlkl vkSj eqlykekuksa dh elysgr ¼Q+k;ns½ij d+k;e Fkh bLykeh fj;klr dh [k+kjtk fl;klr bLykeh gksus ds fy, mldh vkyeh 'kksgjr gh dkQ+h gS tks bl oD+r ml ds lkFk [k+kl Fkh]et+hn fdlh nyhy dh t+:jr ugha A

5 tgk¡ rd fut+kes gqdejkuh dk rvkYyqd+ gS rks ;g bLykeh fj;klrkas dk <k¡pk vkB vjdku ij eq'krfey gksrk gS%

1 [k+yhQ+k tks fj;klr dk ljcjkg gksrk gS ]

2 eqvkfous rQ+oht+

3 eqvkfous ruQ+ht+ -

4 okyh ]

5 d+kt+h ]

80

6 Q+kSt ]

7 bUrst+keh <k¡pk vkSj

8 ¼ 'kwjk ½ etfyls mEer A

;gk <k¡pk bLykeh fj;klr esa ekSstwn Fkk A tc rd bLrsekj ¼dkfQ+j½ us 1342 fg0 ckeqrkfcd+ 1924 bZ0 eas eqLrqQ+k deky ds t+fj;s f[k+ykQ+r dk [k+kRek ugha fd;k FkkA bl ls igys eqLkyeku dHkh Hkh cx+Sj [+kyhQ+k ds ugha jgsA tc ,d [k+yhQ+k ej tkrk ;k ekt+wy fd;k tkrk rks nwljk [k+yhQ+k vk tkrk];gk¡ rd fd vk[+kjh nkSj rd]tc bfUgrkr m:t ij Fkk rc Hkh ;gh gksrk jgk A gd+hd+r ;g gS fd tc [k+yhQ+k ekStwn gks rks bLykeh fj;klr Hkh oqtwn eas vk tkrh gS A D;ksafd bLykeh fj;klr njvly [k+yhQ+k ls gh bckjr gS A eqvkosuhu flQ+Z ruQ+ht+ ds fy, gqvk djrs Fks ;g oqt+kjk dh rjg ugha gksrs vxjps vCckfl;ksa ds nkSj es oqt+kjk dk yD+c Hkh bLrseky fd;k x;k A ysfdu ;g gj lwjr eqvkosuhu gqvk djrs gaSA tEgwjh fut+ke esa oqt+kjk dks tks bf[+r;kj gkfly gSa]bUgs ;g fcYdqy ugha gksrs mudk dke flQZ+ eqvkour vkSj ruQ+ht+ gSA bf[+r;kjkr flQ+Z [k+yhQ+k ds ikl gksrs gSa A

okfy;ksa]d+kfta;ks vkSj bUrst+keh <+k¡ps dk tgk¡ rd rkvYyqd+ gS rks tc rd f[k+ykQ+r Fkh rks ;g Hkh ml ds lkFk gj nkSj esa ekStwn Fks]tc rd bLrsekjh dqOorsa fcyknqy efqLyehu esa nkf[+ky ugha gqbZa A ckdh jgh bLykeh Q+kSt dh ckr ! rks f[k+ykQ+Rk dh Q+kSt

81

okd+h ,d bLykeh Q+kSt gqvk djrh Fkh vkSj iwjh nqfu;k ;g tkurh Fkh fd bLykeh Q+kSt dHkh ex+ywc ugha gksrh etfyls mEer ¼'kwjk½ dk tgk¡ rd rkvYyqd+ gS rks [k+qykQ+k&,&jkf'knhu ds ckn ;g rd+jhcu eknwe gks pqdh FkhA bldh otg ;g Fkh fd 'kwjk bLykeh fut+kes gqD+ejkuh ds d+k;nks esa ls dksbZ d+k;nk ugha gSA vxjps ;g fj;klrh <+k¡ps eas 'kkfey gS vkSj jkbZ ij tks js¸;r ds gqdwd gSa]muesa ls ,d gd ;g Hkh gS]ysfdu vxj dksbZ jkbZ ¼[k+yhQ+k½ vxj vey u djs rks ;g mldh dksrkgh t+:j gS] rkge mldh gqdwer bLykeh gqdwer dgyk,xh A D;ksafd 'kwjk jk; gkfly djus ds fy, gksrh gS u fd gqDejkuh ds fy, A tEgwjh fut+ke es etfyls uqekbZUnsxku dk ekeyk blls fcydqy eq[k+rfyQ+ gS A [k+qyklk ,s dyke ;g gS fd bLykeh fut+kes gqDejkuh ges'kk ukfQ+t+ jgk A

[k+yhQ+k ds cSvr ds elys es ;g ckr d+rbZ gS fd blesa fut+kes fojklr dk vey n[k+y fcYdqy ugha A ;kfu fojklr fj;klr ds vanj dksbZ ik;nkj gqDe ugha gS] ftl ij fut+kes gqD+ejkuh ds gokys ls vey fd;k tk,s A ;kfu fj;klr dh ljcjkgh gkfly djus dk ;g t+fj;k ugha Fkk]tSlk fd vktdy ckn'kkgh fut+ke esa gks jgk gS A fj;klr ds fy, tks pht+ ik,nkj Fkh]oks cSvr Fkh] vkSj ;g dqN nkSj esa eqlyekukas ls yh tkrh Fkh vkSj dqN nkSj es vjckcs gYyks vD+n ls A nkSjs t+oky eas ;g flQ+Z 'ks[k+qy bLyke ls yh tkrh Fkh A cgjgky [k+yhQ+k dks eqdZjj djus dk tks rjhd+k ges'kk ls jgk gS]og cSvr dk gS A bl ckjs eas dksbZ ,d fjok;r Hkh ugha fd cX+kSj cSvr ds flQ+Z fojklr ls dHkh dksbZ [k+yhQ+k cuk gksA gk¡ ! ;g

82

ckr nq:Lr gS fd cSvr ysus dk rjhd+k ckt+ nQ+k x+Ykr bLrseky gqvk gksA elyu dHkh [k+yhQ+k us yksxkas ls viuh gh ft+Unxh eas vius csVs] HkkbZ ;k ppk ds csVs ;k vius [k+kunku ds fdlh Q+nZ ds fy, cSvr dk x+yr fuQ+kt+ ;k bLrseky fd;k A ysfdu [k+yhQ+k dh ekSr ds ckn u,s [k+yhQ+k dh cSvr nksckjk yh tkrh FkhA bldk foyk;rs ,gn ;k fojklr ls dksbZ rkvYyqd+ ughaA ;g ,slk gh gS tSlk tEgwjh fut+ke us bUrs[k+kckr dk x+yr bLrseky gksukA ftles etfyls uqekbZankxku ds fy, dksbZ 'k[+l /kak/kyh ds t+fj;s Hkh equr[kc gks tk,s rks mls equr[kc gh dgk tkrk gS] uket+ndnZk ugha dgk tkrkA vxjps blesa og v'k[k+kl gh dke;kc gks tk,sa tks gqdwer pgkrh gSA cgjgky bl reke cgl ls ;g ckr oktasg gks tkrh gS vkSj geas rLyhe dj ysuk pkfg, dh reke vnokj esa bLykeh fut+ke gh bLykeh fj;klr esa ukfQ+t+ jgk vkSj fdlh Hkh nkSj esa fdlh xS+j bLykeh phT+k dks ukfQ+T+k ugha fd;k x;k A

bLykeh fQ+Øh fd+;knr dh veyh dke;kch% gkflys dyke

tgk¡ rd bLykeh fQ+Øh fd+;knr dh veyh dke;kch dk rkvYyqd+ gS rks ;g dke;kch csut+hj gSA [kqlwlu nks igywvksa lsa buesa ls igyk igyw rks ;g gS fd bLykeh fQ+Øh fd+;knr us iwjh vjc d+kse dks]fQ+Øh bUgsrkr dh bl gkyr ls]fd og d+ckbyh vlfc;r ds va/ksjksa vkSj ?kVkVksi rkjhfd;ksa esa VkedVwb;kW ekj jgha Fkh fudkydj mUgs fQ+Øh fu'kkrslkfu;k ds jkLrs ij yk [kM+k fd;k A fQj vjc d+kSe ml uwjs bLykeh ls txexk jgh Fkh fd

83

ftl ds lwjt dh vuokj&,s&rT+kfYy;kr flQZ+ vjcksa rd egnwn u Fkha cfYd og iwjh nqfu;k¡ ij NkbZ gqbZ Fkha Ablds ckn eqlykeu iwjs dqjj,s&,&vtZ+ ij Nk x,s]vkSj mUgkasus iwjh nqfu;k¡ rd bLykeh nkor dks igq¡pk;kA ;gk¡ rd fd eqlyeku Q+kfjl]bZjkd]fcykns 'kke]felz vkSj 'kqekyh vQ+jhd+k ij Hkh Nk x,sA bu eqekfyd+ dh vd+oke vkSj mudh t+ckusa eq[+rkfyQ+ Fkha A Q+kjlh jksfe;ksa ls eq[+krfyQ+ FksA blh rjg felz ds fd+Crh f'kekyh vQ+jhd+k dh cjcj dks+e ls eq[k+RkfyQ+ FksA mu dh vknr]rd+kyhn vkSj t+ckusa] vyx+tZ gj pht+ eq[krfyQ+ Fkh A ysfdu tw¡gh ;g gqDes bykgh ds lk, rysa vk, vkSj bLyke dks le> fy;k]rks ;g lc mEers okfgnk vkSj feYyrs bLykfe;k esa <+y x, A bl fy, og dke;kch] tks bLykeh fQ+Øh fd+;knr dks bu vd+oke vkSj d+ckby dks vius d+kfyc esa <kyus ds flyflys esa gqbZ] og csfelky gSA gkyk¡fd bl ds ikl viuh nkor dks vkxs igqpk¡us ds fy, ud+y&vks&gey ds olkby esa ls flQ+Z Å¡V vkSj] ?kksM+s vkSj u'kj&vks&b'kkvr ds olkby esa ls flQ+Z t+cku vkSj d+ye gkfly Fks A tgk¡ rd Q+qrwgkr dk rkYyqd+ gS rks og flQ+Z d+qOor dks dqOor ls t+kby djus vkSj ekíh :dkoVksa dks nwj djus ds fy, Fkha rkfd balku [k+kyh&mt+&t+gu gksdj viuh vD+y dh jsguqekbZ vkSj fQ+rjr dh fgnk;r ds eqrkfcd+ Q+Slys dj lds A ;w¡ bl ds urhts esa yksx tksd+ nj tksd+ vQ+okt cu dj gyd+k&,&bLyke esa nkf[k+y gks x, A

tgk¡ rd t+kfyekuk Q+qrwgkr dk rkYyqd+ gS rks geas bYe gksuk pkfg, fd ,slh Q+qrwgkr rks

84

Q+krsg vkSj eQ+rwg vkSj x+fyc vkSj ex+ywc ds njfe;ku nwjh iSnk djrh gSaSA t+jk bl ex+fjch bLrsekj ij fuxkg Mkys]ftlus nl;ksa lky rd e'kfjd+ dks vius pqxay esa fxj¶rkj fd;s j[kk ysfdu fnykas dh rCnhyh ds fygkt+ ls og vnuk njts dh dke;kch Hkh gkfly u dj ldsA vxj vkt xqejkgdqu ld+kQ+r dk vlj&vks&uqQ+wt+ u gksrk rks mls fcYdqy gh gVk fn;k x;k gksrk A vxj bLykeh eqekfyd esa rU[k+qvknkj iS'kokb¸;r dk tCj&vks&r'kíqn u gksrk rks ;g ¼ld+kQ+r½ dc dh eqt+efgy gks pqdh gksrhA bLykeh eCnk dk nksckjk fuQ+kt+ vk¡[k >kidkus ls Hkh rst+h ls eqefdu gksrk A

ge viuh ckr dk ,vknk djrs gq, dgrs gSa fd bu vd+oke&vks&d+ckby dks bLykeh d+kfyc eaas <+kyus ds flyflys esa bLykeh fQ+Øh fd+;knr dks tks dke;kch gqbZ og csut+hj dke;kch FkhA ;g vd+oke&vks&d+ckbZy vkt rd eqlyeku pys vk jgs gSa A ckoqtwns fd bLrskej dh gaxkek vkjkb;k¡]mldh [+kcklras vkSj mldk edj&vks&Q+jsc vd+kbn dks fcxkM+us vkSj vQ+dkj dks elewe cukus ds fy, t+ksj&vks&'kksj ls tkjh gS A ;g voke vkSj vd+oke rk fd+;ker mEers okfgnk vkSj mEers eqlfyek cu dj jgssaxsA tc ls bu vd+oke&vks&d+ckby us bLyke d+qcwy fd;k]muesa ls dksbZ ,d fxjksg Hkh nk;jk&,&bLyke ls fudy dj eqjrn ugh gqvkA mUnyql ds eqlykekuksa dh ^êqgkfdEk rQrh'k** ds gkFkksa rckgh&vks&cjcknh muds Äjksa dks vkx yxkuk]vkSj tYyknks ds gkFkksa mUgs Q+kfl;k¡ nsuk A blh rjg cq[k+kjk ]dQ+d+kt+ vksj rqjfdLrku ds eqlyekuksa

85

ij yjt+k nsus okys et+kfye vkSj elkbc ds ckoqtwn bu vd+oke dk bLyke ykus vkSj mEers okfgnk esa <y tkus vkSj vius vd+hns dh l[+r fgQ+kt+r ls bl fQ+Øh fd+;knr dh dke;kch ]vkSj fuQ+kt+s bLyke esa bLykeh fj;klr dh dke;kch vkSj dkejkuh dk vankt+k yxk;k tk ldrk gS A

bLykeh fQ+Øh fd+;knr dh dke;kch dh nwljh nyhy ;g gS fd feYyrs bLykfe;k nqfu;k Hkj eas rgt+hc] reíqu] ld+kQ+r vkSj lkabl eas lc vd+oke ls vkyk&vks&ckyk FkhA bLykeh fj;klr iwjh nqfu;k esa ckjg lks lky rd ;kfu NVh lnh bloh ls vBkjoha lnh ds fuLQ+ rd lc ls vt+he vkSj d+chrj Fkh A ;g gh fj;klr reke nqfu;k dh vkcksrkc dh t+kfeu Fkh vkSj reke nqfu;k¡ esa blh fj;klr dk lwjt pedrk jgk A ;g vez bl fd+;knr dh dke;kch dh nyhy gS vkSj bLyke ds fut+ke vkSj vd+kbn ds fuQ+kt+ dh dke;kch dh nyhy gS A ysfdu tSls gh bLykeh fj;klr vkSj mEers eqlfyek bLykeh fQ+Øh fd+;knr dks vkxs c<+kus vkSj nkors bLykeh dk Q+jht+k lj vatke nsus ls nLrcjnkj gks xbZ]vkSj bLyke dks le>kus vkSj mldks ukfQ+t+ djus esa dksrkgh dh eqjrfdc gqbZ]rks ;g nqfu;k dh iLr rjhu d+kse cu dj jg xbZ A

blh fy, ge dgrs gS fd bLykeh fQ+Øh fd+;knr gh lkysg fd+;knr gS vkSj flQ+Z ;g gh bl iwjh nqfu;k rd igq¡pkbZ tk,]vkSj bl fQ+Øh fd+;knr dks nqfu;k ds lkeus iS'k djus ds fy, vyEcjnkj igys ,d fj;klr oqtwn esa yk,]rks vkt Hkh tc bLykeh fj;klr oqtwn esa vk,sxh] bldks oSlh gh dke;kch gkfly gks ldrh gS A

86

bLyke vius vd+hns ds lkFk vkSj ml ls Q+wVus okyk fut+ke balkuh fQ+rjr ds eqvkfQ+d+ gS A blfy, fd bLyke balku dks dksbZ eluwbZ ;k e'khuh oqtwn ugh le>rk]tks fdlh uD+'ks ij ik;k tkrk gS vkSj ftl ij fdlh fut+ke dks fj;kft+;krh fnD+d++rs ut+j ls]cx+Sj fdlh rQ+koqr ds]ukfQ+t+ fd;k tk ldrk gks A cfYd balku dks]ftl ij fut+ke dks ukfQ+t+ fd;k tk jgk gS] ,d ,slk btfrekbZ oqtwn le>uk pkfg,] ftlds vanj dq+Oorksa vkSj [k+kfl;rks dk Q+dZ+ vkSj rQ+koqr ik;k tkrk gS A blfy, ,d igyw ls ;g fcYdqy rcbZ gS fd balkuks ds ekcsu vxj rd+kjqc ¼d+jhc d+jhc gksuk½ gS]rks nwljh rjQ+ og elkoh ¼cjkcj½ Hkh ugha A ysfdu bl vez ds ckoqtwn lc dk lqdwu vkSj brfeuku dh t+ekur feyuk t+:jh gSAbl rjg ,d vkSj igyw ls ;g Hkh rcbZ gS vkSj bl oD+r bl igyw ls cgl djuk njdkj gS] fd bl fut+ke dh ruQ+ht+ ds nkSjku bl ds cgqr ls igywvksa ls eq[k+rfyQ+ vQ+jkn bufgjkQ+ Hkh b[+fr;kj djsaxs vkSj og bldh eq[k+kfyQ+r djus yxsaxs A blh rjg dqN vQ+jkn bl uke dks dqcwy ugh djsaxs vkSj dqN vQ+jkn bl fut+ke ls ,jkt+ Hkh djsaxsA pquk¡ps ;g ukxqt+hj gS fd eqvk'kjs ds vanj Q+qLlkd+]Q+qTtkj]dq¶+Q+kj]eqrZn]eukfQ+d vkSj eqyfgn Hkh ik, tk,sa A ysfdu eqvk'kjs dk vfly ,rsckj mldh eteqbZ gsfl;r ls gqvk djrk gS]fd eqvk'kjk uke gS vQ+dkj]tT+ckr]fut+ke gk; g;kr vkSj balkuks dkA fdlh eqvk'kjs dks flQZ+ ml oD+r bLykeh eqvk'kjk dgk tk ldrk gS tc bl esa bLyke ukfQ+Tk+ gks] bu reke pht+ks esa og t+kfgj Hkh gks jgk gks A

87

bldh nyhy ;g gS fd fdlh balku ds fy, Hkh ml rjg bLykeh fut+ke dks ukfQ+t+ djuk eqefdu ugha gS fd ftl rjg eksgEen us mls ukfQ+t+ fd;k Fkk A ysfdu blds ckoqtwn ge ns[krs gS fd vki ds nkSj es dq¶+Q+kj Hkh ekstwn Fks vkSj eqyfgn HkhA equkfQ+d+ vkSj Q+qLlkd+ Hkh ik, tkrs Fks vkSj Q+qTt+kj vkSj erZn Hkh ysfdu bl ds ckoqtwn dksbZ 'kDl ;g fcYdqy ugh dg ldrk fd vki ds nkSj esa dkfey vkSj eqdEey rkSj ij bLykeh fuT+kke dk fuQ+kt+ ugha gqvk vkSj ;g fd og eqvk'kjk bLykeh eqvk'kjk ugh FkkA ckr ogh gS fd bLyke dks ftl balku ij ukfQ+t+ fd;k tkrk gS] og ,d btfrekbZ oqtwn gqvk djrk gS] u fd e'khuh vkSj eluwbZ oqtwn A

cgjgky iwjh feYyrs bLykfe;k ij [kqokg og vjc Fkh ;k vte]flQZ+ vkSj flQ+Z bLyke gh dks ukfQ+t+ fd;k tkrk jgkA fuQ+kts+ bLyke dk ;g vey jlwy dh fgtjrs enhuk ls ysdj fcykns bLykfe;k ij bLrsekj ds x+ycs rd tkjh jgk]ftlus bLykeh fut+ke dh txg ljek;knkjkuk fut+ke dks tkjh fd;kA bl cqfu;kn ij ge dg ldrs gS fd fgtjr ds igys lky ls ysdj 1336 fg0 ckeqrkfcd+ 1918 bZ0 rd veyh rkSj ij flQ+Z bLyke gh ukfQ+t+ jgk A bl iwjs vjls esa mEers eqfLyek us bLykeh fut+ke ds vykok fdlh vkSj pht+ dks ukfQ+t+ ugha fd;k A

ckoqtwfnfd eqLkyekuksa us vjch t+cku esa vtuch Q+ylQs]lkbal vkSj eq[k+rfyQ+ vtuch ld+kQ+rkas ds rjtqesa fd;s A ysfdu mUgkasus fdlh dkuwu ;k fdlh Hkh mEer ;k d+kse ds fdlh d+kuwuh

88

fut+ke dk fcYdqy vjch es rtqZek ugha fd;k A veyh rkSj ij vkSj u rnjhlh ed+kfln ds fy, A gk¡ ! lgh gS fd bLyke dk ,d btrsekbZ fut+ke gksus dh otg ls yksx mldh rrchd+ vks ruQ+ht+ esa deh&vks&cs'kh dk eqt+kfgjk djrs Fks A bldk bufglkj bLykeh fj;klr dh d+qOor&vks&t+ksQ+ ;k bLyke dks lgh rksj ij le>us ;k u le>us vkSj bLykeh fQ+Øh fd+;knr dks vkxs igq¡pkus ds fy, mEer ds vanj dqOor&vks&rkd+r ;k mles xQ+yr vks lqLrh dh fcuk ij gksrk gS A ;gh otg gS fd ckt+ vnokj esa bLykeh fut+ke dh ruQ+hT+k esa tc lqLrh vkSj x+yrh dk bjfrd+kc fd;k x;k rks bLykeh eqvk'kjk bUrsgkbZ ruT+tq++y dk f'kdkj gks x;k A ysfdu bl det+ksjh ls rks dksbZ fut+ke Hkh cp ugha ldrk A D;wafd fut+ke [kqvkg dksbZ Hkh gks ] ml ds fuQ+kt+ ds fy, ,rsekn rks balkuks gh ij djuk iM+rk gS A pquk¡ps ;g ;kn j[kuk pkfg, fd bLyke ds fuQ+kt+ esa vxj dksrkgh gqbZ rks bldk eryc ;g ugha fd bLyke dks ukfQ+t+ ugh fd;k x;k A cfYd bl ls rks ;g lkfcr gksrk gS fd bLyke gh dks ukfQ+t+ fd;k x;k A D;w¡fd ruQ+ht+ esa vfly ,rsckj mu d+ckuhu vkSj fut+ke gk; g;kr dk gksrk gS]ftu ij veynjvken dk fj;klr gqdqe nsrh gSA bl fygkt+ ls fj;klr us dksbZ Hkh d+kuwu ;k fut+ke gk; g;kr tks bLyke ls vtuch Fkk b[k+fr;kj ugha fd;kA bu reke vnokj esa ckt+ vkSd+kr flQZ+ bruk gqvk fd ckt+ gkfdekas us bLykeh fut+ke ds ckt+ vkgdke dks x+yr vankt+ esa ukfQ+t+ fd;kA bl ls T+;knk vkSj dqN ugha gqvk A

rkjh[k+

89

gekjs fy, tks pht+ vge gS]og ;g fd tc ge rkjh[k+ esa bLyke ds fuQ+kt+ dk eqrkyk djsa rks nks pht+ks dk t+:j [+;ky j[ksa%

,d ;g fd ge rkjh[k+ dks nq'keukus bLyke vkSj bLyke ls cqX+t+ j[kus okyksa ls v[+t+ u djsa A cfYd tc ge mls eqlyekuksa ls Hkh gkfly djsa rks cM+h ,gfr;kr vkSj ckjhd chuh ls gkfly djsa rkfd ge dgh bldh fcxM+h gqbZ lwjr dks u ysysa A

nwljh pht+ ;g fd geas fdlh eqvk'kjs ds vQ+jkn dh rkjh[k+ vkSj [k+qn eqvk'kjs ds rkjh[k+h igyw ij ^^fd+;kls 'kewyh** dks bLrseky djus ls xqjst+ djuk pkfg, A elyu ge mekoh ,gsn dh rkjh[+k dks ;t+hn ds ,gsn ls gkfly djsa];k blh rjg ,gsns vCcklh ds [k+qykQ+k dh rkjh[+k dks ge ml ,gsn ds [kq+ykQ+k ds ckt+ okds+vkr ls gkfly djsa];k ml eqvk'kjs ij gqdwe yxk,]tks ,gsn vCcklh es ekStwn Fkk rks ml fd+rkcqy vx+kuh dks i<+dj]tks ctyklat vkSj yrhQ+k xks 'kqvkjk vkSj vnhcksa dh [kcjaas tek djus ds fy, rkyhQ+ dh xbZ Fkh] ;k fdlh ,gsn dh rkjh[k+ dks bl ,sgn esa fy[kh tkus okyh dqrqcs rlOoqQ+ vkSj mu tSlh nwljh fdrkcsa i<+dj gkfly djsa A ;g reke i<+dj fdlh nkSj ij ;g gqdqe yxk nsa fd ;g fQ+Ld+&vks&Q+qtwj dk nkSj Fkk ;k t+ksgqn&vks&rd+ok dk nkSj FkkA cfYd ge ij ykft+e gS fd ge eqvk'kjs dks cgsfl;rh etewbZ ysa vkSj mldh rnjhl ,dvke rjhd+s ls u gks cfYd ,d tkes rjhd+s ls gks A

90

bl flyflys esa ;g ckr Hkh cM+h vge gS fd fdlh Hkh nkSj esa bLykeh eqvk'kjs dh dksbZ ckt+kCrk rkjh[k+ ugh fy[kh xbZA bl flyflys esa tks dqN fy[kk x;k gS og flQ+Z ckt+ gkfdekasa vkSj gqDejkuks dh [k+cjs gSa vkSj ftu yksxksa us ;g [k+cjs rgjhj dh gSa] og [k+n Hkh d+kfcys ,rekn vkSj fld+k ughaA pquk¡ps ;g lc fdlh 'kqekj vkSj d+rkj es ugh gSa vkSj muds vd+oky dkfcys Hkjkslk vkSj d+kfcys d+qcwy ugh gS A

tc ge bl cqfu;kn ij bLykeh eqvk'kjs dk eqrkyk djsa];kfu gj igyw ls vkSj [k+wc rsgdhd+ ls rks bldks reke eqvk'kjksa ls csgrj ikrs gSaSA ;g eqvk'kjk igyh] nwljh vkSj rhljh lnh fgtjh rd viuh bl gkyr ij d+k;e jgk vkSj blds ckn 1200 fg0 rd mldh ;gh gkyr Fkh gÙkkfd nkSyrs mLekfu;k ds vk[k+jh ,gn rd eqvk'kjk bLykeh gh Fkk D;w¡fd bLyke gh dks bLykeh fj;klr us ukfQ+t+ dj j[k+k Fkk A

fut+ke dh rgdhd dh cqfu;kn : gkflys dyke

bl flyflys esa ,d vge ckr ;g Hkh ;kn j[k+uk pkfg, fd fdlh fut+ke vkSj fQ+dk ds fy, rkjh[k+ dks cqfu;kn ;k elnj ugh cuk;k tk ldrkA cfYd fut+ke dks fQ+d+gh elkfnj ls gkfly fd;k tkuk pkfg, uk fd rkjh[k+ ls D;w¡fd rkjh[k+ fdlh fut+ke dk elnj ugha gks ldrh A elyu vxj ge dE;wfuT+e dks le>uk pkgs rks ge bls :l dh rkjh[k+ ls gkfly ugh djsaxs cfYd ge dE;wfuT+e dh cqfu;knh dqrwc ls gkfly djaaasxsA blh rjg ge vaxzth fQ+d+k dks le>uk pkgs rks] mls

91

bxfylrku dh rkjh[+k ls gkfly ugh djsaxs cfYd+ vxzath fQ+dk dk eqrkyk djsaxsA bl mlwy dk bRykd gj fut+ke vkSj gj dkuwu ij gksrk gSA

bLyke ,d eCnk gS ftldk viuk ,d vd+hnk vkSj viuk fut+ke gS il ges bldh ekjsQ+Rk] bl dks b[kfr;kj djus vkSj blds vgdke dk bfLreackr djus ds fy, rkjh[+k dks fcYdqy et+nj ugh cuuk pkfg, A

bLyke ds fut+ke dh ekjsQ+r dh cqfu;kn&vks&vlkl fQ+dk bLykeh dh fdrkcs gS vkSj bl ds vgdke ds blfreckr ds fy, elnj ^^vfnYyk rQ+lhyk** gSA blfy, bLykeh fut+ke ds fy, rkjh[+k dks elnj cukuk fcYdqy lgh ugha A ekjsQ+r gkfly djus ds fy, vkSj u bLfrnyky ds fy,A bl cqfu;kn ij ge dg ldrs gS fd ;g nq:lr ugh dh vgdkes bLykfe;k ds fy, ge mej bCus [kRrkc ;k mej bCus vCnqy vt+hT+k ;k gk:u vj j'khn dh rkjh[k ;k muds vnokj ds gokfnl ;k mufd rkjh[+k ds gokys ls rkyhQ+ 'kqnk dqrc dks ejtkvk djkj nsnsa A fygkt+k tc fdlh ods, ds gokys ls mej fd jk; dh bÙksck bl rjg djuk pkfg, fd xks;k ;g og gqD+es 'kj; gS]ftls mej us eqLrEfcr fd;k vkSj ukfQ+T+k fd;k fcYdqy blh rjg ge fdlh ,sls gqD+es 'kj;k dk bÙksck djs ftls beke vcq guhQ+k ;k beke 'kkQ+bZ ;k beke tkQ+j ;k mu tSls nwljs vbEekfdjke us eqLrafcr fd;k gksA cgjgky fdlh rkjh[+kh gknls dks dkfcys bÙksck ugh le>uk pkfg,A pquk¡ps ;g le>uk pkfg, fd bLykeh fut+ke dks b[+fr;kj djus ;k mldh ekjsQ+r gkfly djus ds fy, rkjh[+k dk dksbZ oqtwn ughaA blh rjg vxj ;g ekywe djuk gks fd

92

dksbZ fut+ke ukfQ+t+ fd;k x;k ;k ugh] rks bldks ekywe djus ds fy, rkjh[+k dksbZ cqfu;kn ugha cfYd bldks le>us ds fy, fQ+dk gh dks iM+uk pkfg, A blfy, fd gj vgn dh viuh dqN uk dqN eq'kfd+ykr gksrh gS vkSj mu eq'kfdykr dk fdlh u fdlh fut+ke ds t+fj;s rnk:d+ fd;k tkrk jgk gSA pquk¡ps vxj ges fdlh ,ls fut+ke dh ekjsQ+r dh t+:jr gks ]ftls ds t+fj;s ml ,gn dh eq'kfdykr dk rnk:d fd;k tkrk jgk gks] rks mlds fy, ges ml ,gn ds rkjhdh gokfnl dh rjQ+ :tw ugh djuk pkfg, A D;kasfd bues rks flQ+Z [k+cjks dks ufdy fd;k tkrk gSA cfYd mlds fy, ml fut+ke ¼fQ+dk bLykeh½ dh rjQ+ :tw djuk pkfg, tks bl nkSj esa ukfQ+t+ jgk gks A

tc ge bl ut+j ls fdlh vgn dks ns[krs gSa rks okt+sg Q+jd ekywe gksrk gS fd eqlyekuksa us fdlh Hkh nksj esa fdlh xS+j bLykeh fut+ke dks b[k+fr;kj fd;k vkSj u mUgksaus vius rkSj ij fdlh fut+ke dks ?kM+ dj bf[+r;kj fd;k cfYd eqlyekuksa us ftl pht+ dks Hkh bf[+r;kj fd;k og vnyk 'kfj;k ls eqlrufcr Fkh gj nkSj ds eqlyekuksa fd ;g reUuk Fkh fd bu fd fQ+dg ^vdoky t+bZQ+k* ls ikd lkQ+ jgsa gRrk dh fdlh eqtrfgns eqryd dk dksy Hkh tbZQ+ gks rks bl ij vey djus ls yksxksa dks jksdk tkrk Fkk A

blfy, reke vkyes bLykeh esa Q+dg bLykeh ds vykok fdlh dkuwuh ul dk otwn ugha gS A bl reke vkyes blyke esa tks dqN Hkh gSa og flQ+Z Q+dg bLykeh gSa A mEer ds vUnj flQ+Z Q+dgh ulwl dk ik;k tkuk vkSj buds vykok fdlh vkSj dkuwu uqlwl dk

93

Q+qdnku bl vej ij nykyr djrs gSa fd dkuwu lkth esa fQ+kdgh uqlwl ds vykok fdlh vkSj pht+ dks bLrseky ugha fd;k tkrk FkkA

ge rkjh[k+ dks bl gokys ls iM+ ldrs gSa fd gesa fdlh fut+ke fd ruQ+hn fd dsfQ+;r dk vUnkt+k gks lds A D;ksafd eqefdu gS rkjh[k+ esa ,sls fl;klh gokfnl dk ft+Ø gks] ftu ls ^dSfQ+;r rnohd* dk vankt+k gks ldsA ysfdu blesa Hkh bursgkbZ ,gr;kr vkSj rgdhd+ fd t+:jr gS fd ge flQ+Z eqlyekuksa ekjs[khu gh dks iM+s A ;kn jgs fd rkjh[kh ds rhu elknj gSa : 1 dqrqc , rkjh[k 2 vklkj vkSj 3 fjok;r

1 dqrqc , rkjh[k dks elnj ds rkSj ij b[kfr;kj djuk tkbZt+ ugha D;ksafd ;g reke vnokj esa L;klh gkykr ds rgr fy[kh xbZ vkSj buesa >wB fd vkfeft+'k Hkh gksrh gSA D;ksafd ;g ;k rks fdlh ds vgn esa fy[kh xbZ gSa ;k buds eq[k+kfyQ+ ds vgn gSaA bl dh csgrjhu felky felz ds eksgEen vyh ik'kk ds [kkunku fd rkjh[kh gSa tks 1952 bZ ls dCy cM+h 'kkunkj Fkh vkSj blds ckn ;g rkjh[k+ bUrsgkbZ Hk;kud 'kDy b[k+rs;kj dj xbZ blh rjg gekjs vgn ;k blds dCy ds L;klh goknl fd rkjh[kh dk Hkh ;gh gky gSaA pqukaps dqrqc , rkjh[k dks vkSj bu 'kDlh Mkfj;ksa dks ftUgsa t+krh rkSj ij fy[kk x;k elnj cukuk fcYdqy tkbZt+ ugha A

2 vklkj tgk¡ rd vklkj dk rkYyqd gS rks budk x+kSj tkfucnkjh ls eqrkvyk fd;k tk, rks ;g fdlh pht+ ds ckjs esa bldh gd+hd+h rkjh[kh dk irk ns ldrs gSa vxjps ;g eqlyly rkjh[kh ughaA vykok vt+s cvkt+ goknl ds lcwr ij nykyr Hkh dj ldrs gSaA

94

eqlyeku eqekfyd esa ik, tkus okys vklkj dk eqrkvyk djus ls [+okg oks budh bZekjrksa fd 'kDy esa gks ;k vkykr ;k vkSj dksbZ pht+ gks ftUgsa rkjh[kh rkSj ij eksrfcj le>k tkrk gksA bl vej dk iwjk iwjk ;d+huh vkSj d+rbZ lcwr feyrk gS fd vkyesa bLyke esa bLykeh vgdke vkSj fut+ke ds vykok fdlh nwljs fut+ke ;k vgdke dk dksbZ otwn ugha FkkA eqlyekuksa dh ft+Unxh buds rl:ZQkr flQ+Z vkSj flQ+Z bLykeh Fks A

3 fjok;r tgk¡ rd fjok;r dk rvYyqd+ gS rks bl ij Hkh ,rekn fd;k tk ldrk gS c'kZrs fjok;r lgh gks vkSj blesa bl rjhd+s dks bf[+r;kj fd;k x;k gks ftl ij fjok;rs gnhl esa vey fd;k x;k gSA rkjh[k+ dks Hkh blh vlywc ij fy[kuk pkfg,A ;gh otg gS fd tc eqlyekuksa us rkyhQ+ dk vkx+kt+ fd;k rks og bl rjhd+s fjok;r ij pysA ftl rjga dnhe dqrqc rkjh[k+h elyu rcjh;k lhjr bCus fg'kke vkSj bu tSls nwljs dqrwcs rkjh[k+ dks] blh vlywc ij rkyhQ+ fd;k x;kA pqukaps eqlyekuksa ij ykft+e gS fd og vius vkidks vkSj vius cPpksa dks bu dqrqc ls rkyhe ns] tks eqUntkZ ckyk rjhd+s ls rsgjhj dh xbZ gksA bu dqrqc ls cpsa ftu dk vlywc bu ls eq[k+rfyQ+ gksaA blh rjg bLykeh fut+ke dh rrchd+ dk tkbZt+k ysus ds fy, Hkh rkjh[k+ ij bUgslkj u djsaA

eqUntkZ ckyk cgl ls ekywe gqvk fd xqft+'rk reke vnokj esa bLyke gh ukfQ+t+ FkkA gRrk ds isgyh tax vt+he ds b[+rsrke ij tc f[k+ykQ+r [k+Re gks xbZ rks ^ykMZ ,yuch* us tks cSr my eqD+íl dh Q+rg ds nkSjku flis lkykj Fkk bl tax ds b[+rsrke

95

dk ,yku bu vyQ+kt+ esa fd;k fd vkt lysch taxksa dk b[+rsrke gqvk* bl oD+r ls rk gky ft+Unxh ds reke elkbZy vkSj ekeykr esa dkfQ+j bLrsekj ge ij vius ljek;k nkjkuk fut+ke dks ukfQ+t+ djrk pyk vk jgk gS vkSj bl x+Ycs dks og nk,eh cukrk pyk tk jgk gSA fygkt+k bl Q+kfln vkSj ckSlhnk fut+ke] ftl dks bLrsekj us gekjs eqYdksa ij ukfQ+t+ fd;k gS] tM+ ls m[kkM+ Qs+dus ds vykok vkSj dksbZ pkjg ugha rfd bLykfe ftUnxh dk vllj uks vkxkt+ gks ldsA

;g cgqr lrgh Q+dz gS fd ge bLykeh fut+ke fd txg dksbZ nwljk burst+ke b[+rs;kj dj ysa bl rjg ;g [+;ky djuk Hkh vdhns ds cx+Sj fut+ke dks ukfQ+t+ djuk elkbZy dk gy gSA cfYd blds flok dksbZ pkjg ugha fd igys vdhns dks b[+rs;kj fd;k tk, fQ+j blls Q+qVus okys fut+ke dks ukfQ+t fd;k tk,A blh lwjr gh esa mEer fd futkr eqefdu gSA

;g lc dqN bl mEer ds ckjs esa gS ftldk dksbZ ecnk gqvk gks vkSj ftl dh fj;klr bl ecnk fd cqfu;kn ij dk;e gksA tgka rd nwljs fxjksg ;k vdoke dk rkvYyqd gS rks bu ij bLyke dks ukfQ+t+ djus ds fy, bl vEj fd dksbZ dS+n ugha fd og igys bl ecnk dks b[+rs;kj djsa fQ+j bl ij bl ecnk dk fuQ+kt gks cfYd bl ecnk fd gkfey vkSj vyecj nkj mEer fdlh Hkh ;k fxjskg ij bl futke dks ukfQ+t dj ldrh gS ftlus vxjps vHkh rd bl ecnk dks b[+rs;kj u fd;k gks D;ksafd blds fy, ;g fuQ+kt fu'kkrs lkfu;k dk lcc cu tk,xk vkSj vkf[k+j dkj ;gh vEj bls ml vfd+ns dks b[+rs;kj djus ij etcwj dj nsxk A fygkt+k ftl ij bl fut+ke dks ukfQ+t+ fd;k tk jgk gks mls igys ml ecnk dks b[+rs;kj djuk t:jh

96

ugha gk¡ tks bl fut+ke dks ukfQ+t+ dj jgk gks bls igys bl ecns dks b[+rs;kj djuk iM+sxk A ml rjg d+ksfe;r dks b'krsjkdh fut+ke ds lkFk b[+rs;kj djuk blfy, [krjukd gS fd mldks bldh ekíh fQ+dj ls tqnk djds b[+rs;kj djuk eqefdu ugha D;ksafd ,slk djus fd lwjr esa u rks og eks;llj gksxk vkSj uk ufrts[kSt+ blls bldh ekíh fQ+dj ls erlyu Hkh b[+rs;kj djuk eqefdu ugha D;ksafd ;g ,d ,slh euQ+h fQ+dj gS tks fQ+rjr bUlkuh ds eq[kkfyQ+ gSA ;g bl ckr dk rd+kt+ djrh gS fd igys bLykeh vdh+ns dks rjd fd;k tk, fQ+j bldks b[+rs;kj fd;k tk, blfy, bldh dksbZ xqUtkbZ'k vkSj tkokt ekStwn ugha dg ge b'krjkfd;r dks b[+rs;kj djsa vkSj lkFk&lkFk bLyke ds :gkuh igyw dks Hkh egQwt+ j[ksa A bl lwjr esa ge bLyke dks b[+rs;kj dj ldsaxs vkSj u b'krjfd;r dks D;ksafd ;g nksuksa ,d nwljs dh ft+n gSA gekjs fy, ;g Hkh tkbZt+ ugha fd ge bLykeh fut+ke dks rks ys ysa vkSj vdhns dks is'ksiq'r Mky nsa] ftlls ;g fut+ke fudyrk gS] gekjs fy, ;g Hkh tkbZt+ ugha fd ge bLykeh fut+ke dks rksys ysa vkSj vd+hns dks is'ksi'kr Mky nsa ftlls ;g fut+ke fudyrk gS A D;ksafd bl lwjr esa ;g fut+ke eqaten vkSj :g ls [kkyh gks tk;sxk cfYd gekjs fy, t+:jh gS fd ge eqdfEey bLyke dks bl ds vdh+ns vkSj iwjs fut+ke ds lkFk ysa vkSj tc ge bldh nkor nwljs dks nsa rks [kqn bl dh fQ+djh d+;knr ds gkfey vkSj vyecjnkj gksa A

il gekjs fy, fu'kkrslkfu;k dk ,d gh jkLrk gS vkSj og ;g fd ge bLykfe ft+Unxh dh vlljs uks vx+kt+ djsa vkSj bLykeh ftUnxh dj vx+kt+ bLykfe fj;klr ds cx+Zj eqefdu ugha ;g flQZ+ bl lwjr esa

97

eqefdu gS fd ge iwjs ds iwjs bLyke dks b[+rs;kj djsa tc ge blds vd+hns dks b[+rs;kj djsaxs rks blds urhts esa lc ls cM+k vdhnk [kqnck[kqn gy gks tk;xk vkSj bl ij ftUnxh ds ckjs esa uqdrk&,&ut+j eqjrfdt+ gks tk;xk bl vdhns ls tks fut+ke QqVrs gSa budh vlkl fdrkc vYykg lqUur jlwy lYyykgksa vysgs olye vksj bldh ld+kQrh lwjr gS A ;g og bLykeh l[kr gS fd ftlesa fQ+d+g gknhl rQ+lhj vkSj yqx+r ox+Sjk ik, tkrs gSa pqukaps blds flok nwljk jkLrk ugha fd ge bLykeh fQ+djh d+;knr ds eqdey rkSj ij vyecjnklj cu tk, ;kfu bLyke dh rjQ+ nkor nsus ls vkSj gj txg bLyke dks nksckjk dkfey ukfQ+t dj ysa ;gk¡ rd fd tc fQ+djh d;knr vkSj mEer eteqbZ rkSj ij vkSj blh rjg bLykeh fj;klr Hkh bldh vyecjnkj cu tk, rc ge iwjh nqfu;k ds lkeus bLyke dh fQ+djh d;knr dks is'k djus ds vgy gks ldsaxs A

u'kkrk lkfu;r dk flQZ ;gh ,d rjhd+k gS ;kfu bl rjg ds eqlyeku bLykeh ftUnxh dk vlljs uks vxkt+ djus ds fy, bLykeh fQ+djh d+;knr ds igys vyecjnkj cusa vkSj fQ+j bLykeh fj;klr ds t+fj, bl bLykeh fQdjh d+;knr dks lc bUlkfu;r ds lkeus iS'k dj nsa A

98

4 bLykeh nkor dks is'k djus dh dSfQ+;r

eqlyeku nqfu;k¡ dh beker ¼fd+;knr½ ls vius nhu ij dkjcUn jgus dh otg ls ihNs ugha jgs cfYd mu ds t+oky dk vkx+kt+ ml jkst+ ls gqvk tc mUgksaus vius nhu ij vey djuk NksM+ fn;k vkSj ml esa lqLrh dk eqt+kfgjk fd;k A vtuch rgt+hc ¼dYpj½ dks viuh ljt+ehu esa nkf[k+y gksus dh btkt+r nh vkSj ex+fjch ut+fj;kr dks vius t+guksa esa txg cuk ysus nh A og mlh fnu bLyke dh fQ+Øh fd+;knr ls nLrcjnkj gks x, tc ml dh rjQ+ nkor nsus esa xQ+yr vkSj mlds vkgdkkekr ukfQ+t+ djus esa vcrjh dk f'kdkj gq, fygkt+k rjD+d+h dh jkg ij xket+u gksus ds fy, g;krs bLykfe;k ¼bLykeh ft+Unxh½ ds fQj ls vkx+kt+ ds vykok dksbZ pkjk ugha A eqlyeku ml oD+r rd bLykeh ft+Unxh dk u, fljs ls vkx+kt+ ugha dj ldrs tc rd fd og bLykeh fQ+Øh fd+;knr ds t+fj;s bLykeh nkor ds vyEcjnkj uk cu tk,sa vkSj ml nkor ds t+fj;s ml bLykeh fj;klr dks x+fjts+ oqtwn ¼vklfRro½ oqtwn esa uk ys vk,sa tks bLyke dks nqfu;k¡ ds lkeus iS'k djus ds fy, mldh fQ+Øh fd+;knr dh vyEcjnkj gks A

bl vEj dh otk+gr t+:jh gS fd eqlyekuksa dh fu'kkrs lkfu;s ds fy, bLykeh fQ+Øh fd+;knr dk vyEcjnkj cuuk flQ+Z bLykeh nkor gh ds t+fj;s eqefdu gS]D;ksafd ;g flQ+Z bLyke gh gS tks nqfu;¡k dh bLykg dj ldrk gS A pkgs eqlyeku gks ;k xS+j eqfLye mu dh fu'kkrs lkfu;k bLyke ds cx+Sj eqefdu

99

gh ugha A pquk¡ps blh cqfu;kn ij bLykeh nkor dk vyEcjnkj cuuk ykt+eh gSA ;g Hkh t+:jh gS fd bl nkor dks nqfu;¡k ds lkeus ,slh fQ+Øh fd+;knr ds rkSj ij iS'k djus dh Hkjiwj dksf'k'k dh tk, ftl ls vius fut+ke gk; ft+Unxh QwVrs gksa vkSj reke vQ+dkj dh cqfu;kn blh fQ+Øh fd+;knr ij gks vkSj bUgha vQ+dkj ls og reke rlOoqjkr tUe ysrs gksa tks fcyk blfrluk ¼viokn½ ft+Unxh ds ckjs esa gj uqD+rk&,s&ut+j ij vlj vankt+ gksrs gSa A vkt blh bLykeh nkor dks ml rjg iS'k fd;k tkuk pkfg, tSlk fd mls igys iS'k fd;k x;k A bl esa bl rjhd+s dh dqfYy;kr vkSj tqt+b;kr eas cky cjkcj deh cS'kh fd;s cx+Sj vkSj t+ekus ds bf[+rykQ+ dk dqN Hkh fygkt+ fd;s cx+Sj gqt+wj dh eqdEey rkSj ij bd+frnk ¼iSjoh½ dh tkuh pkfg,A D;ksafd tks pht+ eq[k+rfyQ+ gqbZ og v'kdky ¼'kDysa½ dk olkby ¼lk/ku½ gSa uk fd evkuh o tksgj ¼vfly½ evkuh vkSj tkSgj esa vc rd uk dksbZ b[+kfrykQ+ gqvk vkSj uk vkbUnk dHkh gksxkA pkgs t+ekus is nj is xqt+jrs pys tk, vkSj vdoke ok eqekfyd eq[k+rfyQ gksrs pys tk,aA blfy, bLykeh nkor dks iS'k djus ds fy, ljkgr]tqjvr dq+Oor vkSj fQ+Ø dh t+:jr gSA blh rjg urkbt ¼ifj.kke½ vkSj gkykr dks ut+j vankt+ djds bLykeh fQ+Ø ¼lksp½ vkSj rjhds+ ls tks pht+ Hkh Vdjkrh gks mls psfyat fd;k tk, vkSj mlds vanj ik, tkus okys >wB vkSj [kksV dks [kksydj c;ku fd;k tk,A

bLykeh nkor dks is'k djuk bl vez dk rd+kt+k Hkh djrk gS fd eqdEey ckykrjh bLykeh eCnk dks gkfly gks]blls d+r&,&ut+j fd ;g tEgwj ds

100

eqvkfQ+d+ gS ;k eq[kkfyQ+A yksxksa dh vknr ds lkFk pykrk gS ;k mu ls eqrkt+kn gS A yksx bl dks dqcwy djrs gSa ;k jí djrs gSa vkSj bldk eqdkcyk djrs gSa A il nkor dk vyEcjnkj uk rks d+kSe dh pkiywlh djrk gS vkSj uk eqnkfgur ls dke ysrk gSA og vjckcs bd+frnkj ¼lRrki{k½ dh Hkh fj;klr ugha djrk A blh rjg og yksxksa dh vknr vkSj mudh rd+kyhn dh dksbZ ijok djrk gS vkSj uk yksxksa dh dqcwfy;r ;k mu ds bUdkj dks fdlh fglkc fdrkc ds d+kfcy le>rk gS A og flQ+Z eCnk dks et+cwrh ls Fkkerk gS A eCnk ds vykok fdlh nwljh pht+ dks fdlh 'kqekj o d+rkj esa le>s cx+Sj eCnk gh dks ljkgr ls c;ku djrk gSA pquk¡ps nwljs ecknh ds gkfey vQ+jkn dks ;g ugha dgk tk,sxk fd rqe vius gh eCnk ij MVs jgks cfYd fdlh fd+Le dh t+cjnLrh fd;s cx+Sj mUgsa vius eCnk dh rjQ+ nkor nh tk,xh rkfd oksg bl dks dqcwy djsa( D;ksafd nkor bl vEj dk rd+t+k djrh gS fd bl eCnk ds vykok dksbZ nwljk eCnk u gks vkSj ckyknLrh flQ+Z mlh dh gksA

vYykg dk lwjs lQ esa bj’kkn gS%

Oو Jي هMذTال Oل Oس GرOأ JهOول Jس Oى رOد JهGالMب MينMد Oو bق OحGال Jه Oر MهGظJيMل

لOوG كJلbهM الدbينM عOلOى Oو OهMرOك OونJكMر GشJمGسورة: الصف -ال] ]9األية:

vYykg oksgh rks gS ftlus vius jlwy dks fgnk;r vkSj nhus gd+ ds lkFk Hkstk rkfd oksg mldks reke vn;ku ij x+kfyc dj ns vxjps ;g ckr

eq’kfjdksa dks ukilan gksA


101

il tc jlwyqYykg balkfu;r dh rjQ+ ;g iSx+ke ysdj vk,s vkSj vki us bl gd+ ij beku j[krs gq, bl dh rjQ+ nsk Vskd vunkt+ esa yksxksa dks nkor nh rks vki us iwjh nqfu;k¡ dks yydkjk vkSj yksxksa dh vknkr] rdyhn] vn;ku vkSj vdk+bn gqDdke vkSj fj;k;k dk fygkt+ fd;s cx+Sj gj lq[k+Z vkSj fl;kg balku dk fygkt+ fd;s cxSj ,sykus tax fd;k( vki us bLYke ds iSx+ke ds flok vkSj fdlh pht+ dks dkfcys byfrQ+kr ugha le>k( vki us nkor dk vkx+kt+ dqjS’k ds ekcwnksa ds ft+Ø vkSj mud m;wc ¼cqjkbZ;ka½ fxuokus ls fd;k( vki us muds eksrd+snkr ¼vkLFkk,asa½ vkSj muesa ikbZ tkus okyh gj dehuxh dks pSytsa fd;k gkykafd vki ml oD+r rus rukg Fks A ml bLYkke ij ftl dh rjQ+ vki nkor nsrs Fks et+cwr beku ds vykok vki ds ikl dksbZ lkt+ks leku] eqbZu vks ennxkj ;k vlysgk ¼gfFk;kj½ u FkkA vki us vjckas dh vknkr vkSj rd+kyhn dh dksbZ ijokg u dh vkSj u muds vn;ku vkSj vd+kbn dhA bl eqvkeys esa muds lkFk u dksbZ ujeh cjrh vkSj u fdlh fd+Le dh dksbZ : fj;k;r gh jok j[khA

blh rjg bLykeh nkor dk vyecjnkj Hkh csckd vkSj gj pht+ dks yydkjus okyk gksrk gS( oksg vknkr] rd+kyhn] chekj vQ+dkj] x+yr rlOoqjkr gRrk dh vxj jk; vkEek Hkh x+yr gksrks oksg mldks Hkh yydkjrk gS] vxj oksg mldh tnnkstgn ds jkLrs es :dkoV curh gksA blh rjg oksg vd+kbZn vkSj vn;ku dks Hkh pSysat djrk gS] pkgs blds urhts esa ls rvkLlqc ;k xqejkgh ij teus okyksa ds bards+ke dk fu’kkuk gh D;ksa u cuuk iM+s A

102

bLykeh nkor dks is’k djus dk rd+kt+k ;g Hkh gS fd bLyke dh eqdEey ruQ+ht+ dh fgQ+kt+r dh tk,s vkSj fdlh NksVs ls NksVs gqDe esa Hkh rlkgqy ¼lqLrh½ uk cjrh tk,sA nkor dk vyecjnkj esa fdlh fd+Le dh p’eiks’kh ;k lqLrh vkSj deh ;k rk[k+hj dks dqcwy u djsA oksg vEj dks eqdEey rkSj ij bf[+r;kj djs vkSj mldks tYn ls tYn fuiVk,sA gd+ ds eqvkeys esa fdlh dh flQ+kfj’k dks dqcwy uk djsA jlwyqYykg us ld+hQ+ ds o¶+n ¼izfrfuf/k e.My½ dh bl nj[k+kLr dks dh ßmu ds cqr ykr dks rhu lky rksMs+ cxS+j NksM+ fn;k tk,sÞ gjfxt dqcwy u Q+jek;k vkSj u bl nj[kkLr dks dh ßykr dks nks lky ;k de ls de ,d eghus rd gh NksM+ fn;k tk,ÞA cfYd vki us eqdEey rkSj ij badkj Q+jek;kA bl badkj esa fdlh fdLe dk rjíqn ;k lqLrh ugha Fkh] cfYd ;g ,d vVy Q+Slyk FkkA D;ksafd balu ;k rks bZeku yk, ;k u yk, vkSj urhtk Hkh tUur ;k tgUue gSA vycRrk jlwyqYykg us ;g dqcwy Q+jek;k fd oksg ct+krs [kqn vius cqr yr dks equgfne u djsa vkSj vcq lqQ+;ku ¼jft-½ vkSj eqx+hjk fcu ’ksck ¼jft-½ dks bl dke dh ft+Eesnkjh nhA th gk¡ ! vki us flQ+Z dkfey vd+hns vkSj mldh ruQ+ht+ dks dcqy Q+jek;k ftl dk vd+hnk rd+kt+k djrk gSA vycRrk olhyk vkSj ‘’kDy dks bf[r;kj Q+jek;k D;ksafd budk rvkYyqd+ cjkgsjkLr vd+hns ds lkFk ugha( pquk¡ps blh fy;s nkors bLykfe;k ds fy;s eqdEey fQ+Ø dh fgQ+kt+r ykt+eh gS A bl rjga fQ+Ø ;k rjhds es fdlh dfLe dh p’eisk’kh ds cx+Sj mldh eqdEey fuQ+kt+ dh fgQ+kt+r dh t+:jr gS A vycRrk

103

olkbZy ¼lk/kuksa½ ds gt+cs ea’kk bLrseky esa dksbZ uqdlku ugha A

bLykeh nkor dks is’k djus dk rd+kt+k ;g Hkh gS fd bl gokys dk gj vey ,d eqr;~;u ¼fuf’pr½ ulcqy ,su ds yf, gksuk pkfg,A gkfeys nkor ges’kk bl ulcqy ,us dk rlOoqj t+gu esa j[ks vkSj mlds gqlwy ¼izkfIr½ ds fy;s iSge ¼yxkrkj½ dksf’k’k esa yxk jgs A ed+ln ds gqlwy ds fy;s bl dksf’k’k esa vkjke dk rlOoqj Hkh t+gu esa u yk,s A pquk¡ps ;g Hkh otg gS fd gkfey ,s nkor oxSj vey ds flQ+Z fQ+Ø ij ugh jkt+h gksrk vkSj uk mldks engks’k djus okyk [+;kyh Q+ylQ+k le>rk gS A og cs ed+ln fQ+Ø vkSj vey ij jkt+h gksrk gS vkSj uk mldks ,d nksykch gjdr rlOoqj djrk gS tks tewn vkSj u mEehnh ij [k+Re gksrh gS A cfYd oksg fQ+Øks vey ds befrt+kt ds t+fj;s ed+ln ds gqlwy vkSj mldks vykes oqtwn esa ykus ds fy;s dksf’k’k djus okyk gksrk gS A pquk¡ps jlwy us eDds esa fQ+Øh fd+;knr dks is’k fd;k] ;gk¡ rd fd vki le> x,s fd eDds dk eqvk’kjk bLyke dks ,d fut+kes g;kr ds rkSj ij dqcwy djus ds fy;s rS;kj ugha A pquk¡ps vki us fQ+j enhus ds eqvk’kjk Qjek;k] ogk¡ ,d bLykeh fj;klr cukbZ vkSj bLYkke dks ukfQ+t+ fd;kA mlsd ckn bl nkor dks nwljksa ds lkeus is’k fd;k A fQ+j vki us viuh mEer dks rS;kj Q+jek;k rkfd oksg vki ds ckn bl nkor dh vyecjnkj cusa vkSj vki ds eqv¸;u djnk jkLrs ij pysA blfy;s bl oD+r tc fd eqlyekuka dk [k+yhQ+kekStwn ugha] ;g vEj barsgkbZ uxqt+hj gS fd bLykeh nko gj igyw ls gekx+hj gks] fd oksg bLyke dh rjQ+ nkor Hkh gks vkSj bLykeh ft+Unxh

104

dh rjQ+ ls ’kq:vkr djus ds fy;s ,slh bLykeh fj;klr ds oqtwn esa ykus ds fy;s Hkh gks tks bLyke dh ruQ+ht+ ¼vey esa ykuk½ vkSj rrchd+ ¼ykxw djuk½ dh ft+Eesnkjh Hkh gksA iwjh nqfu;k¡ ds lkeus oksg bLykeh iSx+ke dks is’k djus dh ft+Eesnkjh Hkh ys A bl nkor dks mEer ds vanj bLykeh ft+Unxh dh fQj ls ’kq:vkr djus dh nkor ls nqfu;k¡ ds lkeus fj;klr dh tkfuc ls bLykeh nko dks is’k djus ds rjQ+ eqUrfd+y gksuk pfg, vkSj vykes bLyke esa eqd+keh nkor ls csuqy vd+okeh lrg ij nqfu;k¡¡ ds lkeus nkor is’k djus dh rjQ+ eqUrfd+y gksuk pkfg, A

bLykeh nkor ds vanj vd+kbZn dks lgh djus vkSj vYykg rvkyk ds lkFk rvkYyqd+ dh et+cwrh dks uqek;ka gSfl;r gkfly gksA yskxksa dks mudh eq’kfdykr dk gy Hkh crk;k tk,s rkfd ;g nkor ft+Unxh ds reke eSnkuksa esa ,d ft+ank vkSj Q+vky nkor dh lwjr bf[+r;kj djs A pquk¡ps jlwy eDds esa yksxksa ds lkeus %

lwjs vy ygc vk;r%1 ls Qjekrs%

GتTبOا تOدOي يMبOب� أ OهOل TبOت O1 [سورة: المسد - األية: و[ ]

vcw ygc ds nksuka gkFk rckg gks tk,sa ¼VwV tk,sa½ [rjtqek evkuh vy dqjvku 111%01]

fd frykor Q+jek;k djrs Fks vkSj mlh oD+r lwjk vy gkD+d+k ls Qjekrs%

JهTنM وGلJ إ OقOول� ل Jس Oيم� رMرOا ك OمOو Oو Jه MلGو OقMر� ب Mاع Oش �لMيال Oا ق Oم

OونJن Mم GؤJ41 [سورة: الحاقة - األية: ت[

105

cs’kd ;g lkgscs djker jlwy dk d+kSy gS] vkSj ;g fdlh ’kk;j dk d+kSy ugha] rqe cgqr de

bZeku ykus okys gks [rjtqek evkuh vy dqjvku 69%40 41]

vkSj mlh oD+r lwjk vy eqr¶+Q+s+Q+hu ls Qjekrs%

µلGي Oو Oين Mف bفOطJمGلbل OينMذTا الOذMإ G النTاسM عOلOى اكGتOالJوا

OونJفGوOت GسO2 [سورة: المطففين - األية: ي[

gykdr gks uki rkSy esa deh djus okyksa ds fy;s] tc oksg yksxksa ls uki dj ysrs gS rks

iwjk ysrs gSa vkSj tc mUgsa uki rSky dj nsrs gSa rks de nsrs gSA [rjtqek evkuh vy dqjvku

83%1 2]

vki ;g Hkh Q+jek;k djrs Fks %

TنMإ OينMذTوا الJن Oوا آمJل MمOعOو Mات OحMال Tالص Gم JهOل µاتTن Oي جMر GجOن تMم ا OهMت GحOت Jار OهGنO Gاأل OكMلOذ Jز Gو OفGال JيرMبOكGال

]11[سورة: البروج - األية:

cs’kd tks yksx bZeku yk,s vkSj usd vkeky fd;s] muds fy;s ckx+kr gSa ftuds uhps ugjsa

cgrh gSa ;g cgqr cM+h dke;kch gSA % lwjk vy cq:t [rjtqek evkuh vy dqjvku 85%11]

vkSj enhus esa yksxksa ds lkeus ;g frykor Q+jek;k djrs Fks %

G وا JيمMقOأ Oو OةOال Tالص GواJآت Oو OاةOك Tالز ]

106

uekt+ d+k;e djks vkSj t+d+kr fn;k djks % [rjtqek evkuh vy dqjvku 02%43]

blh rjg ;g Hkh frykor Q+jek;k djrs Fks %

G وا Jر MفGا ان �اف Oف Mخ �اال OقMث Oو GواJد Mاه OجOو GمJكMال Oو GمOأMب GمJك Mس JنفOأ Oي وMف

MيلMب Oس MهZ41سورة: التوبة - األية: [ الل[ ]

ftgkn ds eSnku es½gydsiu vkSj “kjhiu ¼nksuks½ gkyrksa esa fudyks vkSj vYykg ds jkLrs es vius veoky vkSj viuh tkuksa ls ftgkn

djksA [rjtqek evkuh vy dqjvku 09%41]

jlwy ;g Hkh frykor Q+jek;k djrs Fks %

ا يOا Oي¡هO نJواG الTذMينO أ Oا آمOذMم إJنتOايOدOن� تGيOدMى بOلMل� إ OجOم½ى أ Oم¡س

JوهJبJتGاك O282[سورة: البقرة - األية: ف[

,s bZeku okyksa! tc rqe fdlh eqd+jZjk ¼fuf’pr½ eqír ds fy;s dksbZ dt+kZ nks rks mls t+kcrk, rgjhj es ys vk;k djks % [rjtqek


vkSj jlwy muds lkeus ;g Hkh frykor Q+jek;k djrs Fks %

GيOك Oال OونJكOي �OغGنMيOاء بOيGنO دJولOة Gاأل GمJنك Mسورة: الحشر -م] ]7األية:

rkfd nkSyr flQ+Z rqEgkjs ekynkjksa ds chp xZfn’k uk djrh jgs A


vki bu vk;r dh frykor Q+jek;k djrs Fks %

107

Oي الMوOت GسOي Jاب Oح GصOأ MارTالن Jاب Oح Gص

Oأ Oو MةTن OجGال Jاب Oح GصOأ MةTن OجGال

JمJه Oون JزMائ OفG20 [سورة: الحشر - األية: ال[

vgys tgUuqe vkSj tUur okys gfxZt+ nksuksa cjkcj ugha] tUur okys gh dke;kc gksus okys

gS % [rjtqek evkuh vy dqjvku 59%20]

blfy;s bLykeh nkor mu reke fut+ke gk;g;kr ij ij eq’rfey gks tks ft+Unxh dh reke rj eqf’dykr dks gy djrs gSa A D;ksafd bLykeh nkor dh dke;kch dk jkt+ mlds bl rjg ft+Unk gksus esa gS fd oksg balku ds feugslqy baulku gksus ds reke eqf’dykr dks gy djs vkSj mlds vanj ,d gekxhj bad+ykc cjik djs A

bl nkor ds gkesyhu ml oD+r rd bl elÅfy;r dks ugha mBk ldrs vkSj bu ft+Eesnkfj;ksa ls vksgnk cjvk ugha gks ldrs tc rd dh oksg vius uqQwl ds vanj deky ds fy;s df’k’k vkSj tkt+fc;r dk cht u cks,sa vkSj gj oD+r gd+hd+r dh [kkst u yxkrs jgsaA tc rd fd oks viuh ekywekr dh tk¡p iM+rky u djrs jgsa rkfd tks vtuch pht+ bl nkor ds lkFk fpeV pqdh gS mls lkQ+ u djnsa A dksb pht bruh d+jhc gS ds ml ds lkFk fpeVus dk ,grseke gks rks mldks nwj uk dj ns A rkfd mu ds vQ+dkj lkQ+ vkSj ’k¶+Q+kQ+ gksa vkSj cs’kd vQ+dkj dk lkQ+ vkSj ’k¶+Q+kQ+ gksuk gh dke;kch vkSj bl dke;kch ds rlylqy dh t+ekur gSA fQj bl nkor ds gkesyhu ds fy;s ;g Hkh t+:jh gS fd oksg viuh ft+Eesnkfj;ksa dks ;g le> dj iwjk djsa fd bu dks vYykg rvkyk us ge ij Q+t+Z fd;k gS vkSj vYykg dh jt+k ds fy;s [k+ank is’kkuh vkSj [kq’kh ls mUgsa dqcwy djsa vius vkeky dk cnyk uk eakxks vkSj yksxksa dh tkfuc ls ’kqdfj, dk bUrst+kj “h uk

108

djsa vkSj flQ+Z vYykg rvkyk dh [kq’kuwnh ds rycxkj gksa A

109

5 bLykeh rgt+hc

rsgt+hc ¼lH;rk½ vkSj reíqu ¼laLd`fr½ ds ekcSu Q+dZ gSA rgt+hc ft+Unxh ds ckjs esa rlOoqjkr ds eteq, ¼lewg½ dks dgrs gS tcfd reíqu vf’k;k,s eglwlk ¼eglwl djus okyh pht+s½ dh mu eíh v’kdky ¼’kDysa½dks dgk tkrk gS tks ft+Unxh ds evkeykr esa t+sjs bLrseky vkrh gSA rgt+hc ft+Unxh ds ckjs esa uqDrk,s ut+j ds fygkt+ ls [k+kl gksrh gS tcfd reíqu [k+kl Hkh gksrh gS vkSj vke Hkh A il reíqu dh oksg v’dky tks rgt+hc ls tUe ysrs gSa tSls eqtfLles rks oks [k+kl gSaaa A reíqu dh og v’dky tks lkabl vSj lavr ¼foKku vkSj m|ksx½ dh rjD+d+h ls tUe ysrh gS] oksg vke gksrh gS( ;g fdlh mEer ds lkFk e[k+lwl ugha gksrh cfYd ;g lavr vkSj lkabl dh rjg vkyeh gksrh gS A

rgt+hc vkSj reíqu ds ekcsu ik,s tkus okys bl Q+dZ dk ges’kk fygkt+ j[kuk pkfg, tSlk fd bl Q+dZ dk fygkt+ j[kuk t:jh gS tks reíqu dh mu v’dky tks] rgt+hc ls tUe ysrh gS vkSj mu v’dky tks lkabl vkSj VsDukyksth dh rjD+d+h ls tUe ysrh gS] ds njfe;ku gSA blfy, reíqu dks v[t+ ¼xzg.k½ djrs oD+r mu dh v’dky vkSj reíqu vkSj rgt+hc ds njfe;ku Q+d+Z dk fygkt+ j[kuk t:jh gSA pquk¡aps oksg ex+jhch reíqu] tks lkbal vkSj Vsdusyksth dh iSnkokj gS] mldks viukus esa dksbZ vEj ekus ugha ¼:dkoVsa ugha½A oksg ex+fjch reíqu] tks mudh rgt+hc ls iSnk gksrk gS] rks mldks fdlh gky esa viukuk tkbZt+ ughaA ex+fjch rgt+hc dks b[k+rs;kj djuk

110

fcydqy tkbt+ ugha blfy;s fd ;g viuh cqfu;kn vkSj ft+Unxh ds ckjs esa rlOoqj vkSj balku dh lvknr ds ckjs esa bLykeh rgt+hc ls fcYdqy eqrklkfne gS ¼Vdjkrh g½SA

ex+fjc dh rgt+hc nhu ds ftUnxh ls vyx gksus dh cqfu;kn ij d+k;e gS vkSj oksg bl ckr dh Hkh equkfdj gS fd ft+Unxh esa nhu dk dksbZ vlj gSA pquk¡ps bl ds urhts ds rkSj ij nhu dh fj;klr ls vygsnxh dh fQ+Ø iSnk gqbZA D;ksafd ;g ml ’k[l ds fy;s ,d rcbZ ¼LokHkkfod½ ckr gS tks nhu dks ftUnxh ls tqnk djrh gS vkSj ft+Unxh esa nhu ds oqtwn dk bUdkj djrh gS vkSj bl cqfu;kn ij bldh ft+Unxh d+k;e gS vkSj ft+Unxh dk fut+ke cjd+jkj gSA bl dh :g ls ft+Unxh dk uD+’kk gh equQ+vr ¼ykHk½ gS D;ksafd ;g gh vkekyk dk es;kj ¼dlkSVh½ gS A blhfy;s bl fut+ke dh cqfu;kn gh equQ+vr ij gS vkSj blh ij rgt+hc dh Hkh cqfu;kn gS A pquk¡ps bl fut+ke vkSj rgt+hc esa equQ+vr dk ,d okts+g eQ+gwe ¼Li’V vFkZ½ gS D;ksafd bl esa g;kr ¼thou½ dk rlOoqj gh ;g gS fd ;g Hkh ,d equQ+vr gS A ;gh otg gS fd mu ds ut+nhd lvknr ;g gS fd balku dks T+;knk ls T+;knk ftLekuh reRrks ¼’kkjhfjd vkuan½ vkSj mlds vlckc ¼lalk/ku½ eksg¸;k fd;s tk,s A blfy;s ex+fjch rgt+hc,d [k+kl equvQ+r ijLrkuk rgt+hc gS vkSj bles equQvr ds vykok fdlh vkSj pht+ dk dkSb ot+u ugha A ;g lZQ+ euQvr dk ,srjkQ+ djrh gS vkSj ldks vkeky dk es;kj djkj nsrh gSA :gkuh igyw blesa bufQ+jknh uksb¸;r dk gS ftldk tekvr ds lkFk dksbZ rvkYyqd+ ugha vkSj ;g ¼:gkuh igyw½ duhlk vkSj fjtkys duhlk rd gh

111

egnwj gSA ;g gh otg gS fd ex+fjch rgt+hc esa v[k+ykd+h ;k :gkuh ;k balkuh dher dk dksbZ otwn ugha A blesa flQZ+ ekíh vkSj uQ+bZ dher dk rlOoqj gS A blh otg ls blesa balkuh vkeky dks mu rat+heksa ds rkcs cuk;k x;k gS tks fj;klr ls tqnk gS]tSls ßlyhcs vgejÞ ¼jsM Økl½ vkSj ßbZlkbZ rcyhx+h fe’kUlÞ vkSj ft+Unxh ls ekíh d+her ;kuh Q+k;ns ds vykok gj d+her dks gVk fn;k x;k gS A il ex+fjch rgt+hc ft+Unxh ds ckjs es abUgh rlOoqjkr dk eteqvk gS A

bLykeh rgt+hc ml vlkl ij d+k;e gS tks ex+fjch rgt+hc dh vlkl ds eqrkt+kn gS vkSj ftUnxh dk uD+’kk bl ds ut+nhd ex+fjch rgt+hc dh ft+Unxh ds uD+’ks ls fcYdqy eq[k+rfyQ+ gSA bLykeh rgt+hc esa lvknr dk eQ+gwe ex+fjch rgt+hc esa mlds eQ+gwe esa fcYdqy tqnk gSA bLykeh rgt+hc vYykg ij bZeku j[kus dh cqfu;kn ij d+k;e gS vkSj bl ckr ij fd vYykg rvkyk us d+k;ukr] balku vkSj g;kr dk ,d fut+ke cuk;k gS ftl ij oksg pyrs gS vkSj bl ckr ij fd vYykg rvkyk us l¸;nuk eksgEen dks bLyke ds lkFk ecÅl Q+jek;k] ;kuh bLykeh rgt+hc vd+hns dh cqfu;kn ij d+k;e gSA bLykeh vd+hnk vYykg rvkyk] eyk;pdk ¼Q+fj’rs½] vklekuh fd+rkcksa] jlwyksa] vkf[k+jr ds fnu ij bZeku ykus vkSj d+t+k o d+nj ds [k+Sj o ’kj ds feutkfuc vYykg ¼vYykg dh rjQ+ ls½ gksus dks dgrs gSaA pquk¡ps ;g vd+hnk gh bLykeh rgt+hc dh cqfu;kn gS vkSj ;g ,d :gkuh cqfu;kn ij d+k;e gSA bLykeh rgt+hc esa ft+Unxh dk uD+’kk bLyke ds ml Q+ylQ+s (76)ls okt+g gksrk gS tks bLykeh

112

vd+hns ls QwVrk gS vkSj ftl ij ft+Unxh vkSj ft+Unxh esa balku ds vkeky d+k;e gSA ;g Q+ylQ+k ekís vkSj :g ls eqjDdc gS A ;kfu vkeky dks vYykg rvkyk ds vokfej vks uokgh ds eqrkfcd+ ctk ykuk gh ft+Unxh ds rlOoqjkr dh cqfu;kn gSA pquk¡ps balkuh vey ekík gS vkSj balku tc oksg vey lj vatke nsrk gS rks ml oD+r bl ckr dk bnjkd djuk fd ßbl vey ds gyky ;k gjke gksus dh otg ls vYykg rvkyk bldk cnyk nsxkÞ] :g gSA fygkt+k ;g :g vkSj ekís dk eqjDdc gS A blh otg ls eqlyeku ds vkeky dk eqgjfjd vYykg rvkyk ds vokfej vks uokgh gS vkSj vYykg rkyk ds vokfej vks uokgh ds eqrkfcd+ veky dh vatke nsgh dk ed+ln vYykg rvkyk dh jt+k gS] fljQ equQ+vr ughaA fdlh vey dks ljvatke nsus dk bjknk ml vey dh vateknsgh dh d+her vkeky ds ,rsckj ls eq[+rfyQ gksrh gS A dHkh rks ;g dher dh otg ls gksrk gS vkSj ;g d+her flQ+Z ekíh gksrh gS tSls uQ+s ds bjkns ls frtkjr djukA D;ksafd balku dk frtkjr djuk ,d ekíh vey gS vkSj blesa vYykg rvkyk dh [kq’kuwnh dk gqlwy mls vYykg rvkyk ds vokfej vks uokgh ds eqrkfcd+ lj vatke nsus ij vkeknk djrk gS A oksg d+her] ftl dk bl vey dh vatke nsgh esa fj;k;r djrk gS oksg uQ+k gS vkSj oksg mldh ekíh d+her gS A

dHkh d+her :gkuh gksrh gS tSls uekt+] t+d+kr] gt] jkst+k cxS+jk vkSj dHkh d+her v[k+ykd+h gksrh gS tSls lPpkbZ vekurnkjh vkSj oQknkjh A ckt+ nQk d+her bulkuh gksrh gS tSls Mwcus okys dks cpkuk ;k eqlhcr t+nk dh enn djuk A balku tc dksbZ vey lj vatke nsrk gS rks mUgh

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d+her dk fygkt+ j[krk gS] exj ;g vkeky dh eqgjfjd ugha gksrh vkSj ;g vkyk eS;kj ugha fd veky dh vatke nsgh ds oD+r bu dks gnQ+ cuk;k tk,A cfYd+ ;g vey dh d+her vkSj vkeky ds eq[k+rfyQ+ gksus dh lwjr esa eq[k+rfyQ+ gksrh gSA lvknr rks vYykg rvkyk dh jt+k dk gqlwy gS ufd balku dh gktkr dks iwjk djukA D;ksafd balku dh reke gktkr ;kfu vt+fo;rh gktkr ;k ftfcYyrksa dh gktkr dks iwjk djuk balku dh t+kr dh fgQ+kt+r dk t+fj;k gSA ;g dksbZ lvknr dk t+fj;k ughaA

;g gS ftUnxh dk uD+’kk! vkSj ;g gS oksg cqfu;kn ftl ij ;g uD+’kk d+k;e gSA ;g bLykeh rgt+hc dh cqu;kn gS vkSj ex+fjch rgt+hc dh cqfu;kn fcYdqy eqrkt+kn ¼fojks/kh½ gS tSlk fd bl ls fudyus okyh reíqu dh v’kdky ¼’kDysa½ ex+fjch rgt+hc ls fudyus okyh enuh v’kdky ds fcYdqy eqrkt+kn gSA elyu rlohj ,d reíquh ’kDy gS vkSj ex+fjch rgt+hc ,d ,slh mj;k¡ ¼fcuk diM+ksa dh½ fulokuh rlohj dks ftl esa fulokuh vkt+k ¼L=h vaxksa½ ds gqLuks teky dks [kwc uqek;k¡ fd;k x;k gks] ,d reíquh ’kDy d+jkj nsrh gS vkSj ;g vkSjr ds ckjs es amuds rlOoqjkr ls ge vkgax gSA blfy;s ,d ex+fjch balku bls ,d Q+Uuh ’kk;ikjk ¼dykRed oLrq½ le>rk gS vkSj ,d Q+Uuh reíquh ’kDy ds rkSj ij bl ij Q+[+j djrk gS tc fd blesa Q+Uuh deky dh reke ’kjk;r iwjh rjg ikbZ tk,saA ysfdu ;g ’kDy bLykeh rgt+hc ls eqrkt+kn gS vkSj vkSjr ds ckjs esa mlds rlOoqjkr ds fcYdqy f[k+ykQ+ gS] ftudh : ls vkSjr ,d vkc: gS vkSj bldh fgQ+kt+r Q+t+Z gSA blfy;s ;g rgt+hc ,slh rlohj d’kh dks eeuw d+jkj nsrh

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gS D;ksafd ;g ftfcYyrs uks ¼dkesPNk½ dks HkM+dkus vkSj v[k+ykd+h vukjdh ¼uSfrd vjktdrk½ dh rjQ+ ys tkus dh lcc curh gSA blh rjg tc eqlyeku ?kj cukus dk bjknk djrk gS tks ,d reíquh ’kDy gS rks oksg bl ckr dk [;ky j[kr gS fd tc vkSjr gkyrs rcT+tqy ¼eq[k+rflj fyckl igu dj dke dkt esa yxuk½ esa gks rks ml ij ckgj ds yksxksa dh ut+j u iM+sA pquk¡ps oksg mlds fxnZ pkj nhokjh curk gS] cjf[k+ykQ+ ex+fjch vkneh ds fd oksg viuh rgt+hc ds eqrkfcd+ mu pht+ksa dk [;ky ugh j[krkA blh rjg oksg reke reíquh v’kdky tks ex+fjch rgt+hc ls urhts ds rkSj ij fudyrh gS tSls eqtfLlesa cx+Sjk vkSj blh rjg diM+s] vxj oksg dq¶+Q+kj ds lkFk muds dq¶+Q+kj gksus ds ,srckj ls [k+kl gksa] rks eqlyeku ds fy;s mudsk iguuk tk;t+ ughA D;ksafd oksg ¼diM+s½ ,d [k+kl uqD+rk,a ut+j ds gkfey gS A vxj diM+s bl rjg ds gksa fd ftuls muds e[k+lwl dkfQ+jkuk rvkjqQ+ fd igpku u gksrh gks] cfYd mUgkasus t:jr ds rkSj ij ;k t+hur ds fy;s mudks bLrseky djuk gks rc ;g vke re/kquh v’kdky esa ’kqekj gksaxs vkSj mud bLrseky tk;t+ gksxkA

tgk¡ rd mu reíquh v’kdky dk rvkYyqd+ gS tks lkabl vkSj Vsduksyksth dh rjD+d+h dh otg ls gS] tSls yscksjsVª;ks ds vkykr] frCch vkykr] Q+uhZpj vkSj d+kyhu vkSj blh fd+Le dh nwljh pht+s] ;g lc vkyeh reíquh v’kdky gSA budks bf[+r;kj djus es dksbZ vEj ekus ¼:dkoV½ ughaA D;ksafd ;g fdlh [k+kl rgt+hc dh iSnkokj ugha ;k blls eqrkfYyd+ ugha gS A

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bl ex+fjch rgt+hc ij] ftl dh iwjh nqfu;k¡ ij gqdwer gS] ,d ljljh fuxkg Mkyus ls ut+j vk;sxk fd ex+fjch rgt+hc balkfu;r dks brfeuku dh t+ekur nsus ls fcYdqy d+kflj gS A cfYd blds cvjvDl ;g rks balkfu;r ds fy;s ml cnc[+rh dk lcc gS ftlds dkaVksa ij lkjh nqfu;k¡ djoVsa ys jgh gS vkSj bldh yxkbZ gqbZ vkx esa ty jgh gSA oksg rgt+hc tks nhu dh ft+Unxh ls tqnkbZ dks viuh cqfu;kn d+jkj ns jgh gS] balkuh fQ+rjr ds fcYdqy f[k+ykQ+ gSA oksg rgt+hc tks vke ft+Unxh esa :gkfu;r dks dksbZ ot+u ugha nsrh vkSj ft+Unxh dk rlOoqj mlds ut+nhd flQ+Z equQ+vr gS] vkSj balku vkSj balku ds njfe;ku rvkYyqd Hkh flQZ+ equQ+vr gh dk gS bl rgt+hc dk urhtk flQ+Z cnc[k+rh vkSj nkbZeh ijs’kkuh gh gks ldrk gSA il tc rd equQ+vr bldh cqfu;kn jgsxh ml oD+r rd ;g rukt+s ¼>xM+s½ rcbZ gS vkSj blds jkLrs esa >xM+uk ,d fQ+rjh vEj gS A bl rjg balkuksa ds ekcsu rvkYyqd+kr ds d+;ke ds fy;s dqOor ij Hkjkslk djuk bl rgt+hc dh : ls ,d rcbZ vEj gS A blh otg ls bl rgt+hc ds gkfey vQ+jkn ds ut+nhd bLrsekj Hkh ,d rcbZ vEj gS A pquk¡ps bl rgt+hc ds ;gk¡ v[k+ykd+ Hkh ges’kk MkaokMksy jgsaxs D;skfd flQ+Z equQ+vr gh bldh ft+nxh dh cqfu;kn gSA fygkt+k ;g rcbZ ckr gS fd ft+Unxh ls v[k+ykd+s djhek fudy tk,sa ftl rjg dh :gkuh d+herksa dks fudky fn;k x;k rks ft+Unxh eqd+kcys] >xM+s] nq’keuh vkSj bLrsekj dh cqfu;kn ij bLrsokj gks xbZ( il vkt nqfu;k¡ esa balkuksa ds vanj :gkuh vyfe;ks] nk;eh ijs’kkuh vkSj Qsyk gqvk ’kj bl exfjch rgt+hc ds urkbt dh cgrjhu

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nyhy gS A D;ksafd vkt iwjh nqfu;k¡ ij blh rgt+hc dh gqdwer gS vkSj blus bu [k+rjukd urkbt dks iSnk fd;k vkSj pquk¡ps ;gh vkt iwjh nqfu;k¡ ds fy;s [k+rjk lkfcr gks jgh gS A

bLykeh rgt+hc ij ut+j Mkyus ls tks 6 lnh bZLoh ls ysdj 18 oha lnh bZLoh rd nqfu;k¡ ij gqdwer djrh jgh] ekywe gksrk gS fd oksg bLrsekj ugha Fkh cfYd+ bLrsekfj;r mldh rfc;r esa ’kkfey ugha Fkh A D;ksafd mlus eqlykeukas vkSj x+Sj eqlyekuksa esa dHkh Q+dZ ugha fd;k A il mldh reke eqírsa gqDejkuh esa mu reke vd+oke dks vnkyr dh t+ekur gkfly Fkh tks mlds t+sjs lk;k FksA D;ksafd ;g ,d ,slh rgt+hc gS tks ml :gkuh cqfu;kn ij d+k;e gS tks ekíh] :gkuh] v[k+ykdh vkSj balkuh dherksa dks eqrkgfD+d+d+ djrh gS vkSj ;g vd+hnk gh bl rgt+hc esa enkjs ft+Unxh gS A blds ut+nhd ft+Unxh dk rlOoqj vYykg rvkyk ds vokfej vks uokgh ds eqrkfcd+ pyuk gS vkSj lvknr ds ek;uh vYykg rvkyk dh [k+’kuwnh dk gqlwy gS A il ;g bLykeh rgt+hc igys dh rjg nqfu;k¡ ij gqDejkuh djsxh rks nqfu;k¡ ds reke cksgjkuksa ds gy ds fy;s dkQh gksxh vkSj iwjh balkfur; dh [kq’kgkyh dh t+ekur nsxh A

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6 bLykeh fut+ke

bLyke gh oksg nhu gS tks vYykg rvkyk us l¸;kuk eksgEen ij bl fy;s ukft+y Q+jek;k fd blds t+fj;s mu rvYyqd+kr dks equT+t+e fd;k tk,s] tks balu ds vius [k+kfyd vius uQ+l vkSj nwljs balkuks ds lkFk gS A balkuks dk vius [k+kfyd ds lkFk rkvkYyqd+ vd+kbn vkSj bcknkr ij eq’krfey gS A vkSj vius uQ+l ds lkFk rkvkYyqd+ v[k+ykd+] [kkus ihus vkSj fyckl ls eqrkfYyd gSA nwljs baulkuks ds lkFk mlds rkYyqd+ eqvkeykr vkSj vius u¶+l vkSj nwljs bvalksukas ds lkFk gS A balku dk vius [k+kfyd+ ds lkFk rvYyqd+ vd+kbn vkSj bcknr ij eq’krfey gS vkSj vius u¶+l ds lkFk rvYyqd+ eqvkeykr vkSj mdwckr ij eq’krfey gSA il bLyke oksg eCnk gS tks ft+Unxh ds reke elkbZy vkSj eqvkeykr vkSj mdwckr ij eq’rfey gS A il bLyke oksg eCnk gS tks ft+anxh ds reke elkbZy vkSj eqvkeykr ls eqrkfYyd+ gS A ;g dksbZ [k+kud+kgh nhu ugha vkSj u bldk ikikbZ¸;r ls dksbZ rvkYqd+ gS] cfYd ;g rks et+gch v’kjkfQ+;r ¼/kkfeZd rkuk’kkgh½ dks tM+ ls m[kkM+ QSdrk gS A blfy;s bLyke esa fjtkys nhu ¼et+gch vkneh½ vkSj fjtkys nqfu;k¡ ¼nqfu;koh vkneh½ dh vyx&vyx tekvrsa ugha] cfYd oksg reke vQ+jkn tks bLyke dks bf[+r;kj djrs gS] eqlyeku dgykrs gS vkSj nhu dh ut+j esa ;g lc cjkcj gksrs gSA blfy;s bLyke esa nhunkj vkSj nqfu;k¡nkj vyx&vyx vQ+jkn ugha gksrsA :gkuh igyw ls eqjkn ;g gS fd reke vf’k;k vYykg rvkyk dh e[k+ywd+ gS vkSj okg gh mudh

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rnchj djrk gSA D;ksafd balku tc dk;ukr] g;kr] vkSj [kqn balku ij vkSj vius ekgkSy vkSj rqrkfYyd+kr ij xgjh ut+j Mky dj bfLrnyky djs rks oksg bu reke vf’k;k esa ekStwn uD+l ¼deh½] bT+t+r ¼e;kZnk½] vkSj ,gfr;kt ¼t+:jr½ dk eq’kfgnk dj ldrk gS]tks bl vEj dh d+rbZ nyhy gS fd;g vf’k;k fdlh [k+kfyd+ dh e[k+ywd+ gS vkSj oksg gh budh rnchj djrk gSA blaku dks ft+Unxh ds eSnku esa pyus ds fy;s ,d fut+ke dh t+:jr gS] ftlls oksg viuh ftfcYyrksa vkSj vt+fo;krh gktkr dks equt+t+e dj ldsA balku ds vkftt+ vkSj egnwn gksus dh otg ls ;g fut+ke balku [kqn ugha cuk ldrkA D;akfd bl fut+ke dks cukus ds fy;s balku dk Q+ge rokQqr ¼Q+dZ+½] bf[r+ykQ+kr vkSj rukdqt+¼ ijLij fojks/kh½ dk f’kdkj gksxkA fygkt+k oksg ,d ,slk eqrkukfd+t+ fut+ke gksxk tks balku dh cnc[+rh ij equrt gksxk blfy;s fut+ke ykt+eh rkSj ij vYykg dh rjQ+ ls gksuk pkfg,A balku ij ykft+e gS fd oksg vius reke vkeky dks vYykg rkvkyk ds fut+ke ds eqrkfcd+ ljvatke nsA vxj bl fut+ke ij pyuk equQ+vr ¼ykHk½ dh cqfu;kn ij gks] vkSj ;g cqfu;kn eQd+wn gks fd fut+ke feutkfuc vYykg gS] rks blesa :gkuh igyw ukisn gksxkA blfy;s balku ds fy;s t+:jh gS fd oksg ft+Unxh esa vius vkeky dks vYykg rvkyk ds vokfej vks uokgh ds eqrkfcd+ equT+t+e dj ys vkSj vYykg rvkyk ds lkFk vius rvkYyqd+kr dk bjkn djsa rkfd vkeky esa :g ikbZ tk,A ;kfu balu dks bl ckr dk bnkjd gksuk pkfg, fd vYykg rvkyk ds lkFk bldk rvkYyqd+ gS] vkSj oksg blh rvkYyqd+ ds bnjkd dh otg ls vius vkeky dks vYykg rvkyk ds

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vokfej vks uokgh ds eqrkfcd+ ljvatke nsA rkfd vkeky ds vatkensgh ds oD+r muesa :gkfu;r ikbZ tk,s( D;skafd :g ds ek;vus gh balku dk vYykg ds lkFk rvkYyqd+ dk bnjkd gS vkSj :g dk ekís ds lkFk feyus ds evkuh gh vkeky ds vatkensgh ds oD+r vYykg ds lkFk rvkYyqd+ dk bnkjd gSA blhfy;s balku vYykg ds lkFk bl rkvYyqd+ ds bnkjd dh otg ls vius vkeky dks vYykg rvkyk ds vokfej vks uokgh ds eqrkfcd+ ljvatke nsrk gS il vey ,d ekík gS] vkSj bl vey dh vatkensgh ds oD+r vYykg rvkyk ds lkFk rvkYyqd dk bnjkd bl vey dh :g gsA pquk¡ps vey dks vYykg rvkyk ds vokfej vks uokgh ds eqrkfcd+ ljvatke nsuk vYykg rvkyk ds lkFk rvkYyqd+ ds bnjkd dh otg ls gksrk gSA ;g gh ekís vkSj :g dk feyuk gSA blhfy;s fdlh xS+j eqfLye ds vius vkeky dks dqjku vkSj lqUur ls v[+t+’kqnk vkgdeas ’kfj;k ds eqrkfcd+ ljvatke nsus esa dksbZ :g ugha vkSj u ge bl dks :g vkSj ekís dk befrt+kt dgsaxsA pwafd oksg bLyke dks ekurk gh ugh] blfy;s mls vYykg ds lkFk rvkYyqd+ dk bnjkd gh ughaA cfYd mlus vgdkes ’kjhvk dks crksjs fut+ke blfy, bf[+r;kj fd;k ds og mls ilUn vk;k] vkSj mlus vius vkeky dks mlds t+fj;s equT+t+e fd;kA cjf[k+ykQ+ eqLyeku ds] D;ksafd eqLyeku dk vius vkeky dks vYykg rvkyk ds vokfej vks uokgh ds eqrkfcd+ ljvatke nsuk vYykg rvkyk ds lkFk mlds rvkYyqd+ ds bnjkd dh otg ls gS vkSj vYykg rvkyk ds vokfej vks uokgh ds eqrkfcd+ vius vkey dks ljvatke nsus ls mldk ed+ln vYykg rvkyk dh jt+k dk gqlwy gS] flQ+Z fut+ke ls Q+k;nk mBkuk ughaA blfy;s vf’k;k esa :gkuh igyw

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dk oqtwn t+:jh gS vkSj vkeky dk vatkensgh ds oD+r :g dk oqtwn ykt+eh gSA lc ds lkeus ;g okts+g gksukpkfg, fd :gkuh igyw ls eqjkn vf’k;k dk ,d [k+kfyd+ dh e[k+ykwd+ gksuk gS( ;kfu e[k+ywd+ dk [k+kfyd+ ds lkFk rvkYyqd+ vkSj :g bl rvkYyqd+ ds bnjkd dks dgrs gS] ;kfu balku dk vius [k+kfyd+ ds lkFk rvkYyqd+ dk bnjkdA :gkuh igyw] :g vkSj :gkfu;r dk flQ+Z ;g gh eQ+gwe gSA blds vykok reke rlOoqjkr fcYdqy x+yr gSA dk;ukr] g;kr vkSj balu ij xgjh vkSj eqlruhj ut+j Mkyus gh ls lgh urkbZt rd igq¡pk tk ldrk gS] vkSj oksgh t+kr gS ftlus gesa bl lgh eQ+gwe rd igq¡pk;kA

ckt+ vfn;ku dk ut+fj;k gS fd dk;kukr ds vanj eglwl Hkh gS vkSj eqx+hc Hkh] balku esa :gkuh cqyanh Hkh gS vkSj ftLekuh :tgku Hkh vkSj ft+Unxh esa ,d :gkuh igyw gS vkSj ,d ekíh igywA il eglwl eqx+hc ls eqrkvkfjt+ ¼fojks/kkRed½ gS] :gkuh cqyanh ftLkekuh eSyku ls eSy ugha [kkrh vkSj blh rjg ekík :g ls vyx gSA blhfy;s mu yksxksa ds ut+nhd ;g nksuka igyw tqnk tqnk gSA D;ksafd mu ds njfe;ku cqfu;knh rkSj ij rcbZ rvkjqt+ gSA bu nksuksa dk bdV~Bk gksuk eqefdu ughA blfy;s ,d gh rjktw+ esa bu esa ls ,d dks rjthg fn;s tkus dk eryc nwljs ds ot+u dks de djuk gSA pqukaps vkf[k+jr ds rycxkj dks :gkuh igyw rjthg nsuk pkfg,A ;gh ls elhfg;r esa nks bd+frnkj oqtwn esa vkrs gSA :gkuh bd+frnkj] vkSj tekuh ¼nqfu;koh½ bdfrnkjA ;kfu ßdS+lj dk dS+lj dks nks vkSj vYykg dk vYykg dks nksÞ :gkuh bd+frnkj ds gkfey vQ+jkn vkSj fjtkys nhu vkSj dkfgu gSA ;g

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yksx nqfu;koh bd+frnkj ds gqlwy dh Hkh Hkjiwj dksf’k’k djrs Fks] rkfd ft+Unxh esa mu yksxksa ij :gkuh bd+frnkj Hkh eqlYyr dj ldsaA ;gk¡ ls nqfu;koh bd+frnkj vkSj :gkuh bd+frnkj ds ekcsu tax ’kq: gqbZ vkSj ftlus fcyvkf[k+j fjtkysnhu dks :gkuh bd+frnkj rd egnwn djds j[k fn;kA pqukaps blds ckn mUgkasus nqfu;koh bd+frnkj esa fdlh fd+Le ds vey n[k+y ls badkj dj fn;k vkSj nhu nqfu;k¡ ls vyx gks x;kA pqafd ;g ,d dguwrh ¼eqYykbZ¸;r½ dk et+gc gS] nhu vkSj nqfu;k¡ dh ;g tqnkbZ gh ljek;knkjkuk ecnk dk vd+hnk gSA ;g gh ex+fjch rgt+hc gS] vksj ;g gh oks fQØh fd+;knr gS] ftldk oksg vyecjnkj gS vkSj iwjh nqfu;k dks blh dh nkor nsrk gSA blh dks oksg viuh ld+kQ+r ¼laLd`fr½ dk lqrwu le>rk gS vkSj blh cqfu;kn ij osg eqLyekuksa ds vd+hns dks eqrkt+yt+y djrk gSA oksg ßd+;kls ’kqewyhÞ ds rkSj ij bLyke dks elhfg;r ij d+;kl djrk gSA pqukaps tks ’k[+l Hkh bl nkor ;kfu nhu dh ft+Unxh ls tqnkbZ] ;k nhu dh fj;klr ;k fl;klr ls tqnkbZ vyecjnkj gS] oksg flQ+Z bl vtuch fQ+Øh fd+;knr dk rkcsg vkSj mldk isjksdkj gSA oksg bLrsekj dk ,tsUV gS] [kqokg oksg vPNh fu;r ls gks ;k cnfu;krh lsA oksg ;k rks bLyke ls fcYdqy ukokfd+Q+ gS ;k bLyke dk nq’keu gSA bLyke dk ;g ut+fj;k gS fd oksg reke vf’k;k] ftu dk gokl bnjkd djrs gS] oksg lc ekíh vf’k;k gSA muds :gkuh igyw ls eqjkn ;g gS fd oksg lc dh lc ,d [k+kfyd+ dh e[k+ywd gSA :g ls eqjkn balku dk vYykg rvkyk ds lkFk vius rvkYyqd+ dk bnjkd gSA blfy;s :gkuh igyw ekíh igyw ls vyx dksbZ pht+

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ugha] vkSj u balku ds vanj :gkuh v’kokd+ vkSj ftLekuh eSykukr ik, tkrs gSA cfYd+ balku ds vanj vt+fo;krh gktkr vkSj ftfcYyrsa gSA bu vt+fo;krh gktkr dks iwjk djuk ykt+eh gSA ftfcYyrksa esa ls ,d ßftfcYyr , rn¸;quÞ Hkh gS] tks balkuh rodhu dh rcbZ vktt+h ls iSnk gksrh gSA bldk eryc gS fd ,d eqncfcjs [k+kfyd+ dh eksgrkthA bu ftfcYyrksa ds iwjk djus dks :gkuh igyw dgk tkrk gS] uk fd ekíhA D;kafd oksg rks cl t+:fj;kr dks iwjk djuk gSA vycRrk bu vt+fo;krh gktkr vkSj ftfcYyrksa dks [k+nkbZ fut+ke ds eqrkfcd+ vkSj vYYkg rvkyk ds lkFk rvkYyqd+ dk bnjkd djrs gq,s iwjk fd;k tk,s] rks ;g :g gSA vxj bu dks cxS+j fdlh fut+ke ds] ;k xS+j vYykg ds fut+ke ds eqrkfcd+ iwjk fd;k tk,s] rks ;g ekíh lsjkch gksxh] tks balku dh cnc[+rh ij eqUrt gksxhA pquk¡ps ßftfcYysrs uksÞ ds cxS+j fdlh fut+ke ds] ;k xS+j vYykg ds fut+ke ds eqrkfcd+ iwjk djuk] blaku dh cnc[rh dk lcl gksxkA vxj bl ftfcYyr dks fudkg djds bLykeh fut+ke ds t+fj;s iwjk fd;k tk,s] rks ;g balku ds fy;s rLdhu vkSj bfReuku dk ckbl curk gSA blh rjg balku vxj ßftfcYyrs rn¸;quÞ dks cxSj fdlh fut+ke ds] ;k [kqnkbZ fut+ke ds vykok fdlh vkSj fut+ke ds eqrkfcd+] cqrksa ;k balkuksa dh bcknr ds t+fj;s iwjk djsa] rks ;g f’kdZ vkSj dqÝ+ gksxkA vxj bldks bLYkkeh vgdkekr ds eqrkfcd+ iwjk djs rks ;g bcknr gksxhA blfy;s v’k;k esa :gkuh igyw dk fygkt+ j[kuk t+:jh gSA reke vkeky dks vYykg rvkyk ds vokfej vks uokgh ds eqrkfcd+] mlds lkFk rvkYyqd+ dk bnjkd djrs gq,s] ;kfu :g ds lkFk ljvatke nsus pkfg, A pquk¡ps ,d vey es nks

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pht+sa ugh gSa cyds ,d gh pht+ ;kuh vey gSA bl dk ekíS vkSj :g ds lkFk gksuk ml dk ,d oLo gS A ;g flzQ vey dks ctkykus ls gkfly ugh gksrk] cyds ml vey dks bLykeh ,gdkekr ds eqrkfcd ljvatke nsus ls gkfly gksrk gS A pquk¡ps eqlYkeku vxj tax esa vius nq’keu dks d+Ry djs rks bldks tsgkn dgk tkrk gS vkSj bldk mls lokc feyrk gSA D;ksafd ;g vey bLykeh vgdkekr ds ,su eqrkfcd+ gS A vxj eqlyeku fdlh csxqukg tku ¼eqlfye gks ;k xS+j eqlfye½ dk ukgd+ d+r djs rks ;g cgqr cM+k tqeZ gS ftldh mls lt+k feysxhA D;skafd mldk ;g vey vYykg rvkyk ds vokfej vks uokfg ds f[k+ykQ+ gSA vey rks nksuka txg ,d gh gS] ;kfu d+Ry vkSj djus okyk Hkh ,d gh balku gSA ysfdu d+Ry ml oD+r bcknr cu tkrk gS] tc bLesasa :g gks] vkSj d+Ry ml oD+r tqeZ cu tkrk gS] tc cx+Sj :g ds gksA fygkt+k eqlyeku ij ykft+e gS fd oksg vius vkeky dks :g dk fygkt+ djrs gq, ljvatke nasA ekík vkSj :g dks feykuk dksbZ bedkuh vez ugha] cfYd ;g ,d Q+tZ gSA ekís dk :g ls tqnk gksuk tk;t+ ughaA ;kfu dksbz Hkh vey vYykg rvkyk ds vokfej vks uokgh vkSj mlds lkFk rvkYyqd ds bnjkd ds cx+Sj ugh gksuk pkfg,A fygkt+k gj ml pht+ dks [k+Re djuk ykt+eh gS] ftlls :gkuh igyw dh ekíh igyw ls tqnkbZ ut+j vkrh gksA ;g gh otg gS fd bLyke esa dksbZ fjtkys nhu ugha gksrs] vkSj uk mlesa eqYykb¸;r ¼F;ksØslh½ ds ue ij dksbZ nhuh bd+frnkj gS] vkSj u nhu ls vyx nqfu;koh bd+frnkj dk dksbZ rlOoqj ekStwn gSA cfYd+ bLyke oksg nhu gS ftls vanj ls fj;klr tUe ysrh gSa fjk;lr ls eqrkfYyd+k vgdkes ’kfj;k dh Hkh oksg gh gSfl;r

124

gS]tks uekt+ ds vgdke dh gSA fj;klr dk d+;ke gh bLykeh vgdkekr dks ukfQ+t+ djus vkSj bLykeh nkor dks nqfu;k¡ ds leus is’k djus dk rjhd+k gSA pquk¡ps gj ml pht+ dks [k+Re djuk okftc gksrk gS] ftlls nhu ds :gkfu;r ds lkFk [k+kl gksus] ;k fl;klr vkSj gqdwer ls mlds tqnk gksus dk ,glkl gksrk gSA mu bnkjksa dks [k+Re djuk pkfg,] tks flQZ+ :gkuh igyqvksa dh fuxjkuh djrs gSA blfy;s elkftn dh barst+kfe;k dks [k+Re djuk pkfg, vkSj ;g bnkj,s evkfjQ+ ds rkcsg gksuk pkfg,A blh rjg ’kjbZ vnkyrksa vkSj fut+keh vnkyrksa dks [k+Re djuk pkfg,A flQ+Z ,d gh vnkyr gksuh pkfg,] tks flQ+Z bLykeh vgdkekr ds eqrkfcd+ QS+lyk djssaA D;kafd bLyke dk ,d gh bd+frnkj gSA

bLyke vd+hnk Hkh gS vkSj fut+ke HkhA vd+hnk vYykg rvkyk] Q+fj’rksa] fdrkcksa] jlwyksa] vkf[k+jr ds fnu ij bZeku vkSj d+t+k vks d+nz ds [kS+j vksj ’kj ds feutkfuc vYykg gksus ds bd+jkj dks dgrs gSA bLyke us vd+hns dh cqfu;kn vD+y ij j[khA ;kfu ftl pht+ dk vD+y bnjkd djs] elyu vYykg ij bZeku] eksgEen dh uqcqOor ij bZeku] dqjku ethn ij bZeku] vkSj bUgh dks cqfu;kn cuk dj xS+c ls eqrkfYyd+k mewj ij bZekuA ;kfu mu pht+ksa dks ekuuk] ftudk vD+y bnjkd ugha dj ldrhA elyu d+;ker dk fnu] eyk;d+k] tUur o tgUue ox+SjkA bu dh cqfu;knh bl vez dks rlyhe djus es gS fd bu pht+ksa dk et+nj] ;kfu dqjku vkSj ghnls eqrkokfrj] vD+y ls lkfcr gSA bLyke us vD+y gh dks rdyhQ+ dh cqfu;kn cuk;kA fut+ke oksg vgdkes ’kfj;k gS] tks balku ds eqvkeykr dks equT+t+e djrs gSA

125

bLyke dk fut+ke reke eqvkeykr dk ,gkrk djrk gSA bLyke us bu reke eqvkeykr dk meweh evkuh vkSj vke ’kD+y ds lkFk ,gkrk fd;k gqvk gS vkSj bu dh rQ+lhykr ds bLrackr dks] rRchd+kr ds btjk ds nkSjku] bu vke eqvkuh ls gkfly djus ds fy;s NksM+ fn;k gSA pqukaps dqjkus djhe vkSj gnhl ’kjhQ+] balku ds balku gksus dh gSfl;r ls] blds eqvkeykr dks gy djus ds fy;s vke eqvkuh ij eq’krfey gSA tqt+k;h vgdkekr dks bu vke evkuh ls bfLrUeacr djus ds fy;s bLyke us ;g dke eqtrgsnhu ij NksM+k gS vkSj oksg bu evkuh dh jks’kuh esa bu eq’kfdykr dk gy fudkyrs gSa] tks t+ekus ds xqt+jus vkSj txgksa dh rcnhyh ls iSnk gksrhgSA eq’kfdykr dks gy djus ds fy;s bLyke dk ,d gh rjhd+k gSA oksg eqtrfgn dks nkor nsrk gS fd oksg igys ubZ iSnk ’kqnk eq’kfdy dh vPNh rjg rgd+hd+ djsa rkfd mldks le> ldsaA fQj bl eq’kfdy ls eqrkfYydk uqlwls ’kfj;k dh rnjhl djs vkSj fQj bu uqlwl ls bl eqf’dy dk gy fudkysA ;kfu bl elys ds fy;s ’kjbZ nykbZy ls ’kjbZ gqD+e eqlrafcr djs vkSj blds vykok fdlh vkSj jkLrs dks fcYdqy bf[+r;kj u djsA oksg tc bl eq’kfdy dks iM+s rks bldks flQ+Z ;g le> dj iM+s] fd ;g ,d balkuh elyk gSA ;g u le>s fd ;g bdfrlknh elyk gS ;k bfTrekbZ ;k gqdwerh elyk gS] cfYd ;g ,d ,slk elyk gS ftlds ckjs esa gqDe ,s ’kjbZ dh t+:jr gS rkfd blds ckjs esa vYykg dk gqDe ekywe gks ldsA

126

7 gqDe , ’kjbZ

canks ds vQ+vky ls eqrkvfYyd+ ’kkjs ds f[k+rkc dks gqDe ,s ’kjbZ dgrs gSA ;g f[k+rkc dHkh d+rbml lcwr gksrk gS tSls dqjku djhe vkSj gnhls eqrkokfrj ;k t+Uuhml lcwr tSls gnhls xS+j eqrkokfrjA vxj ;g gqDe dfrml lcwr gks rks ns[kk tk,sxk fd d+frmn nykyk Hkh gS fd ughaA vxj ;g d+frmn nyky Hkh gks rks bl esa ekStwn gqDe d+rbZ gqDe gksxkA elyu Q+tZ+ uekt+ksa dh reke jdvrsa] D;skafd ;g gnhls eqrkokfrj esa gSA blh rjg lwn dh gqjer] pksj dk gkFk dkVuk] t+kuh dks laxlkj djuk] ;g lc d+rbZ gqDe gSA budk nqjqLr gksuk ;d+huh gSA buesa ,d d+rbZ jk; ds flok dksbZ nwljh jk; gS gh ughA

vxj ’kkjs dk f[k+rkc lqcwr ds ,srckj ls rks d+rbZ gks ysfdu nykyr ds ,srckj ls t+Uuh gks] elyu tft+;k dh vk;r] fd lqcwr ds ,srckj ls d+rbZ gS] ysfdu nykyr ds fygkt+ ls t+Uuh gSA pqukaps bl t+u dh otg ls vkgukQ+ ’krZ yxkrs gS fd bl dks tft+;k gh dgk tk,sxkA tft+;k nsrs oD+r tft+;k nsus okys dh egdweh dk bt+gkj Hkh t:jh gSA ysfdu ’kokQ+s ;g ’kZr ugh yxkrs cyds buds ut+nhd bldks nqxuk djds t+dkr ds uke ls “h oqlwy fd;k tk ldrk gS vkSj nsu oks dh ft+Yyr vkSj egdweh ds bt+gkj dh Hkh dksbZ t+:jr ughA cfYd bldk bLykeh vkgdkekr ds lkeus >qduk gh dkQ+h gSA

vxj ’kkjs dk f[k+rkc t+Uuh ml lcwr gks] tSls gnhls xS+j eqrkokfrj] rks blesa ekStwn gqDe Hkh

127

t+Uuh gksxk] cjkcj gS fd oksg d+frmn nykyk gksA elyu ’kCcky ds Ng jkst+s] tks lqUur ls lkfcr gS ;k t+Uuhn nykyk tSls t+ehu dks fdjk;s ls nsus dh eqekfu;r] ;g Hkh lqUur ls lkfcr gSA

’kkjs ds f[k+rkc ls lgh gqDe dks le>uk gks rks bTrsgkn gh bldk t+fj;k gSA blfy;s fd eqtrgsnhu ds bTrsgkn ls ’kjbZ gqDe dk bt+gkj gksrk gSA ;g gh otg gS fd gj eqtrfgn ds fy;s vYykg dk gqDe oksg gksrk gS tks mls bTrsgkn ds t+fj;s ekywe gksrk gS] vkSj eqtrfgn dks mlds lgh gksus dk x+kfyc xqeku gks A

fygkt+k fdlh eqdYyQ+ ds vanj fdlh elys esa bTrsgkn djus dh iwjh lykgh;r ikbZ tk,s vkSj mlus blesa bTrsgkn Hkh fd;k vkSj mlds bTrsgkn us mls ,d gqDe rd igq¡pk;k] rks bl lwjr esa lcdk bRrsQ+kd gS fd bl eqtrfgn ds fy;s vius t+u ds cjf[k+ykQ fdlh vkSj eqtrfgn dh rd+yhn djuk tk;t+ ughA mlds fy;s viust+u dks NksM+uk Hkh tk;t+ ugha] flok,s blds fd [k+yhQ+k dks gh ’kjbZ gqDe rcUuh ¼bf[+r;kj½ djsA D;ksafd bl lwjr esa [k+yhQ+k ds gqDe ij vey djuk ml ij Q+tZ+ gSA D;ksafd oksg vius bTrsgkn ds t+fj;s ftl gqDe rd igq¡pk vkSj mls t+Uus x+kfyc gks x;k rks ;g gh gqDe mlds fy;s bl elys esa vYykg rvkyk dk gqDe gSA ;g Hkh gd+hd+r gS fd [k+yhQ+k dk gqDe gh bf[rykQ dks nwj djrk gSA pqukaps dksbZ ,sls ’k[+l] ftlds vanj bTrsgkn dh lykfg;r rks ikbZ tkrh gS] ysfdu oksg [kqn bTrsgkn ugha djrk] cfYd fdlh vkSj eqtrfgn dh rd+yhn djrk gS] rks ;g blsd fy;s tk;t+ gS

128

A D;ksafd bl ij lgkck ¼jft+-½ dk bTek gS fd eqtrfgn ds fy;s viuk bTrsgkn NksM+ dj nwljs etrfgn dh rd+y+hn djUkk tkbt+ gS A

ftl ’kDl ds vUnj btfrgkn dh lykfg;r uk ikb tkrh gks] og eqdfYyn gSA eqdfYyn dh nks fdlesa gSa % eqRrcs vkSj vkEeh A eqRrcs og gS ftlus bTrsgkn ds fy, eqrCcj mywe es ls ckt+ mywe gkfly fd;s gkSaA eqRrcs nyhy dh ekjQr ds ckn eqtrfgn dh rd+yhn djsxk A bl eqRrcs ds fy;s vYYkkg dk gqDe eqtrfgn dk oksg d+kSy gS ftldh ;g bRrsck djrk gSA vkeh oksg ’k[+l gS ftlus bTrsgkn ds fy;s eksrcj mywe esa ls dksbZ bYe gkfly uk fd;k gksA ;g nyhy dks le>s cxS+j gh eqtrfgn dh rd+yhn djsxkA eqtrgsnhu ds d+kSy dh rd+yhn vkSj mu vkgdkekr dks ysuk] ftudks eqtrgsnhu us eqLrafcr fd;k gks] ml vkeh ij ykft+e gksxkA gqDes ’kjbZ ml ds gd+ esa oksg gh gksxk ftldk ml eqtrfgn us bfLrackr fd;k gks A blds fy;s ’kjbZ oksg gqDe gS] ftldks ,sls eqtrfgn us eqLrafcr fd;k gks] ftlrs vanj bTrsgkn dh lykfg;r gSA oksg bl vkeh ds gd+ esa vYykg dk gqDe gS A mldh eq[k+kfyQ+r vkSj ;k mls NksM+ dj nwljs dh rd+yhn vkeh ds fy;s fcYdqy tk;t+ ughA blh rjg ;g ml ’k[+l ds gd+ esa Hkh vYykg dk gqDe gS] tks ml eqtrfgn dh rd+yhn djrk gSA ml ’k[+l ds fy;s bldh eq[k+kfyQ+r tk;t+ ugha A

eqd+fYyn tc u,s elkbZy esa ls fdlh ,d elys esa fdlh eqtrfgn dh rd+yhn djs vkSj mlds d+kSy ij vey ’kq: djs rs mlds ckn bl gqDe esa ml etrfgn ds bTrsgkn dks NksM+dj fdlh vkSj dh rjQ+ :qtw djuk

129

fcYdqy tk;t+ ughaA gk¡! Bl elys ds vykok fdlh nwljs elys es aoksg fdlh Hkh eqtrfgn dh rd+yhn dj ldrk gS D;ksafd ;g btek,s lgkck ¼jft+-½ ls lkfcr gS fd eqd+fYyn eq[k+rfyQ mysek dh jk, eq[k+rfyQ elkby es ryc dj ldrk gS A tc ,d eqdfYyn ,d eksv¸;u et+gc ij pyuk ’kq: djs] elyu dg ns fd eS ’kkQ+kbZ ¼jg-½ ds et+gc ij gw¡] rks bles a ;g rQ+lhy gS A pquk¡ps gj oksg elyk ftl ij mlus ml et+gc ds eqrkfcd vey fd;k ] ftldk og eqdfYyn gS] rks ml elys es fdlh nwljs et+gc dh rd+yhn fcYdqy tk;t+ ugh A gk¡ ! tc rd bl et+gc ds eqrkfcd+ bl elys ij vey ugh fd;k gks] rks bl elys esa fdlh nwljs et+gc dks bf[+r;kj dj ldrk gSA tc ,d eqtrfgn vius bTrsgkn ds tfj;s ,d elys dk gqDe ekywe djs] fQj mlds fy;s vius bTrsgkn dks NksM+dj fdlh vkSj eqtrfgn dh rd+yhn djuk bl lwjr esa tk;t+ gS fd tc bl ij reke eqlyekuksa dh ,d jk; gks] tSlk fd csvr ds oD+r mleku ¼jft+½ ds lkFk gqvkA

130

8 vkgdke&,s&’kfj;k ds vd+lke

vgdke , ’kfj;k ;g ikap gaS%

Q+tZ+]

gjke]

eanwc]

ed:g vkSj

eqckgA

gqDes ’kjbZ ;k rks fdlh Q+Sy dks djus ds ckjs esa f[k+rkc gksxk] ;k Q+Sy dks rdZ djus ds ckjs esaA il vxj gqDes ’kjbZ fdlh Q+Sy dks djus ls eqrkfYyd+ gks vkSj rycs tkft+e ds lkFk gks] rks ;g Q+tZ+ vkSj okftc gksxkA Q+tZ+ vkSj okftc dk ,d gh evkuh gSA vxj gqDes ’kjbZ Q+Sy ds djus ls eqrkfYyd+ gks ysfdu rycs tkft+e ds lkFk uk gks rks ;g eanwc gksxk] vxj gqDes ’kjb Qsy ds rZd djus ls eqrkfYyd gks rks ;g Hkh rycs tkft+e ds lkFk gksxk] ;k ughaA vxj rycs tkft+e ds lkFk gks rks bldks gjke vkSj egtwj dgrs gSaA bu nksuka ds Hkh ,d gh ek;us gSA vxj rycs tkft+e ds lkFk u gks rks ;g ed:g gSA fygkt+k Q+tZ+ vkSj okftc oksg gS ftlds djus okys dh rkjhQ+ dh tk,s vkSj u djus okys dh et+Eer dh tk,s] ;k bldks NksM+us okyk lt+k dk eqLrfgd+ d+jkj ik,s A gjke oksg gS ftld djus okys dh et+Eer dh tk, vkSj NksM+us okys dh rkjhQ+ dh tk, ;k djus okyk lt+k dk eqLrfgd+ gks A eanwc oksg gS ftlds djus okys dh rkjhQ+ dh tk,] vkSj

131

NksM+us okyh dh et+Eeru dh tk, A ;kfu djus okyk lokc dk eqLrfgd+ gks vkSj NksM+us oyk lt+k dk eqlrgd uk gksA ed:g oksg gS ftlds NksM+us dh rkjhQ+ dh tk,] ;k ftldk NksM+uk djus ls csgrj gksA eqckg oksg gS ftlds NksM+us ;k djus ds bf[r;kj ds ckjs esa ’kkjsvk ds f[k+rkc ij dksbZ lebZ nyhy gks A

132

9 lqUur

lqUur yqxr+ esa rjhd+k dks dgk tkrk gS ysfdu ’kfj;r esa lqUur mu pht+ksa dks dgk tkrk gS] tks crkSjs ufQ+y jlwyqYykg ls eudwy gks elyu lqUurksa dh jdvrsaA bu dks lqUUr Q+tZ= ds eqd+kcys esa dgk tkr gSA bu dks lqUur dgus dk eryc ;g ugha fd;g uch dh tkfuc ls gS] vkSj Q+tZ+ vYykg rvkyk dh rjQ+ ls A cfYd lqUur vkSj Q+tZ+ nkuksa vYykg rvkyk dh tkfuc ls gS A jlwyqYykg rks vYykg rvkyk dh rjQ+ ls flQ+Z eqcfYyx+¼iSxEcj½ gS A oksg viuh [kqokfg’kkr ls dqN ugha cksyrs cfYd ;g lc vYykg dh rjQ+ ls ogh gksrk gS A lqUur pwafd uch ls crkSjs ufQ+y eudwy gksrk gS] blfy, mls lqUur dgk tkrk gS A ftl rjga ds QZt+ vki ls crksjs QZt+ eudwy gksrk gS blfy, mls Q+tZ+ dgk tkrk gSA pqukaps Qftj dh nks jdvkrsa vki ls crkSjs Q+tZ+ ud+ys eqrkokfrj ds lkFk eudwy gS vkSj Qtj dh nks lqUursa uch ls crkSj lqUur uDys eqrkokfrj ds lkFk eudwy gSaA gkykafd ;g nksukas ¼Q+tZ+ vkSj lqUur½ vYykg rvkyk dh rjQ+ ls gS] jlwyyqYykg dh rjQ+ ls ughA il bcknr ls eqrkvfYyd+ vez ¼gqDe½ Q+tZ+ ;k ufQ+y gksrk gSA bcknr ds vykok nwljs eqvkeykr ls eqrvkfYyd+ vez ¼gqDe½ Q+tZ+ ;k ufQ+y gksrk gSA bcknr ds vykok nwljs eqvkeykr ls eqrvkfYyd+ vez ¼gqDe½ Q+tZ+ ;k eunwc dgykrk gSA ufQ+y vkSj eunwc ,d gh pht+ gS] bls ufQ+y dgk tkrk gS vkSj bl ij lqUur dk Hkh brykd+ gksrk gSA

133

blh rjg lqUur dk brykd+ jlwyyqYykg ls lkfnj gksus okys vfnYyk,s ’kfj;k ij Hkh gksrk gS] tks dqjvku ds vykok gSA blesa vki ds vd+oky] vQ+vky] vkSj rd+kjhj ¼bd+jkj½ ;kfu vki dk lqd+wr ¼[k+keks’kh½ Hkh nkf[k+y gSa A

134

10 jlwyqYYkkg ds vQvky

dks crkSj , mlok bf[r;kj djuk

jlwyqYykg us tks vQ+vky lj vatke fn;s mu dh nks vd+lke gS %

,d% ftfcYyh ¼fQ+rjh½ vQ+vky] nwljs% xS+j ftfcYyh vQ+vkyA

ftfcYyh vQ+vky tSls mBuk] cSBuk [kkuk] ihuk oxS+jkA bud ds vki vkSj mEer ds fy;s eqckg gksus esas rks fdlh dks b[k+frykQ+ ughaA ;g gh otg gS fd ;g vQ+vky eunwc esa nkf[k+y ugha A

xS+j ftfcYyh vQ+vky ;k rks jlwy ds lkFk [k+kl gkasxs] fdlh vkSj ds fy;s ugha gksaxs] ;k fQj vki ds lkFk e[k+lwl ugha gksaxsA vxj ;g vQ+vky vki ds lkFk e[+klwl gksa] tSls lksesfolky ¼fnu jkr jkst+k j[kuk½ dk vki ds fy;s eqcg gksuk ;k pkj ls T+;knk vkSjrksa ls fudkg dk tkbZt+ gksuk oxS+jk] rks ;g vQ+vky vki dh [+kqlwfl;kr esa ls gSaA gekjs fy;s ;g vQ+vky tkbZt+ ughaA bu vQ+vky dk vki - ds lkFk e[k+lwl gksuk btek,s lgkck ¼jft-½ ls lkfcr gSA fygkt+k bu vQ+vky dks crkSjs mlok ¼uewuk½ b[+kfr;kj djuk tkbZt+ ugha A

tks Q+Sy vki us gekjs fy;s c;ku fd;k gks rks mldh nyhy gksus essa dksbZ b[+kfrykQ+ ugha A ;g c;ku ;k rks vki ds ljhg d+kSy dh lwjr esa gksxk] tSls ßuekt+ bl rjg i<+ks ftl rjg fd rqe eq>s i<+rs gq,s ns[krs gksÞA vkSj ßeq> ls vius eukfld

135

¼gt oxS+jk dk rjhd+k½ lh[kksÞA ;g bl ckr dh nyhy gS fd vki dk QSy gesa le>kus ds fy;s gS] rkfd ge vki dh bfRrck djsaA ;k fQj ;g gks ldrk gS fd vki dk ;g QS+y ljhg d+kSy dh lwjr esa u gks] cfYd gkykr ds d+jhus ls gks A bl dh felky bl rjg gS fd vYykg rvkyk ds bl bZj’kkn dh cqfu;kn ij %

G اقGطOعJوا Oا ف Oم JهOيMدGيO أ ]

ßmu nksuksa ds gkFk dkV nksÞA [rjtqek evkuh vy dqjvku 05%38]

pksj dk gkFk dykbZ ls dkVuk] vki ds QS+y esa d+kSy ;k djkbZus vgoky ds t+fj;s c;ku gqvk gSA ;g okftc eanwc ;k eqckg gksus ls nyhy ds eqrfkcd+ eqc;;u dk rkcsv gSA

vki ds oksg vQ+vky] ftu ds fy;s gekjs ikl uQ+h ;k bLckr ds rkSj ij c;ku gksus dh dksbZ nyhy ekStwn u gks] rks ns[kk tk,sxk fd buesa ;k rks dqjcr dk d+Ln ¼bjknk½ gksxk] vxj dqjcr dk d+Ln gks rks oksg eunwc esa nkf[+ky gksaxsA bu dh vaatke nsgh ij balku dks lokc feysxk vkSj rdZ djus ij lt+k ugh gksxh] elyu pk’r dh ufQ+y uekt+A vxj bu vQ+vky esa dqjcr dk d+Ln u gks] rks oksg eqckg esa ’kqekj gksaxs A

136

11 vgdke , ’kfj;k dh rcUuh

lgkck ds t+ekus esa eqlyeku ct+krs [kqn fdrkc vkSj lqUur ls vkgdkes ’kfj;k dks v[+t+ fd;k djrs Fks vkSj d+t+k yksxksa ds ekcsu >xM+ksa dk QS+lyk fd;k djrs Fks] oksg gj is’k vkus okys okd+, ls eqrkfYyd+ vkgdkes ’kfj;k dk ct+krs [kqn bfLrUackr djrs FksA gqDekjk¡ Hkh] veh:y eksesuhu ls ysdj okfy;ksa rd] gqdwer ds nkSjku is’k vkus okys fdlh Hkh eq’kfdy dks gy djus ds fy;s ct+krs [kqn vkgdkes ’kfj;k dks eqfLrafcr fd;k djrs FksA vcqewlk v’kvjh ¼jft+-½ vkSj ’kqjhg ¼jft+-½ nksuksa d+kt+h FksA ;g nksuksa vkgdke dk bfLrackr fd;k djrs Fks vkSj vius btfrgkn ls QS+lyk djrs FksA evkt+ fcu tcy¼jft+-½ jlwyqYykg ds ,gns eqckjd esa okyh FksA ;g Hkh vkgdke dk [kqn bfLrackr fd;k djrs Fks vkSj viuh foyk;k ¼lwck½ esa vius btfrgkn ds eqrkfcd+ QS+lys fd;k djrs FksA blh rjg vcqcDj¼jft-½ vkSj mej¼jft+-½ Hkh viuh f[+kykQ+r esa vkgdke dk ct+krs [kqn bfLrackr djrs Fks vkSj vius&vius bfLrackr djnk vkgdkekr ds eqrkfcd+ yksxksa ij gqdwer fd;k djrs FksA blh rjg ekfo;k¼jft+-½ vkSj vez fcu vkl¼jft+-½ okyh Fks] ;g nksuksa Hkh vkgdke dk bfLrackr djrs Fks vkSj viuh&viuh foyk;r esa vius btfrgkn djnk vkgdkekr ds eqrkfcd+ yksxksas ij gqdwer djrs Fks A

okfy;ksa vkSj dkft+;ksa ds bl btfrgkn ds lkFk&lkFk [kkfyQ+k dqN [+kkl vkgdkekr Hkh rcUuh

137

fd;k djrk Fkk vkSj yksxksa dks mu ij vey djus dk gqDe nsrk Fkk A yksx viuh&viuh jk; vkSj vius btfrgkn dks NksM+ dj mu ij vey djrs FksA D;ksafd ;g ’kjbZ gqDe gS fd [kyhQ+k dk gqDe t+kfgju vkSj ckfruu ufQ+t+ gksrk gSA blh cqfu;kn ij vcqcDj¼jft+-½ us ;g rcUuh dh fd rhu rykd+s nsus ls ,d gh okd+s, gksrh gSA vki us ;g Hkh rcUuh dh fd eky eqLyekuksa esa elkoh rkSj ij rd+lhe fd;k tk,sxkA igys ;k ckn esa eqlyeku gksus dks ugha ns[kk tk,sxkA pquk¡ps reke eqlyekuksa us vki dk bfRrck fd;k vkSj d+kt+h vkSj okyh Hkh vki dh bl jk; ij pyrs jgsA fQj mej¼jft+-½ us vius nkSj esa bu nksuksa elkbZy esa nwljh jk; bf[+r;kj dh] tks vcqcDj¼jft+-½ dh jk; ds f[+kykQ+ FkhA vki us rhu nQ+k rykd+ nsus dks ,d gh fd ctk,s rhu d+jkj fn;k vkSj eky dks eqlyekuksa ds njfe;ku elkoh rkSj ij rd+lhe djus ds ctk, igys bLyke ykus dks eygwt+ j[kkA pqukps eqlyekuks us bl elys esa vki dh jk; dk bfRrck fd;k vkSj dkt+h vkSj okyh Hkh bl jk; ij pyus yxs A fQj vki us ;g rcUuh Hkh dh fd tks t+ehu tax esa ekysx+uher ds rkSj ij gkfly gks tk,s] mls mlds ekfydksa ds ikl gh jgus nh tk,aA bldks yM+us okyksa ;k eqlyekuksa esa rd+lhe ugh dh tk,aA fygkt+k dkt+h vkSj okyh bl jk; esa vki dh iSjoh djrs jgs vkSj bl rcUuh ds eqrkfcd+ QS+lys djrs jgs A

ekywe gqvk fd bl ij lgkck fdjke dk btek gks pqdk Fkk fd [+kyhQ+k dqN eqr¸;u vkgdkekr dh rcUuh dj ldrk gS vkSj mu ij vey djus dk gqDe Hkh ns ldrk gSA eqlyekuksa ij mldh brkvr Q+tZ+ gS

138

vxjps ;g muds vius btfrgkn ds f[+kykQ+ gksA pquk¡ps ;g rks e’kgwj ’kjbZ d+okbn gS fd %

Mأن للسلطــان OثMد GحJي OنMــية م MضGاألق Mدر OقMمــا ب JثMحدJي مشكلــات من

lqyrkc u,s elkby ds fy,s c dnj , ]tjwjr u;k gy ryk’k djrk gS A

الخلــاف يرفع اإلمـام أمر

ßbeke dk gqDe bf[rykQ+ dks [k+Re djrk gSÞ

باطنا� و ظاهرا� نـافذµ اإلمام أمر

ßbeke dk gqDe t+kfgjh vkSj ckfruh rkSj ij ukfQ+t+ gksrk gSÞ

;g gh otg gS fd blds ckn gh [kqykQ+k eqr¸;u vkgdkekr dh rcUuh djrs jgsA pquk¡ps gk:u j’khn us bd+frlknh igyw esa ßvyf[+kjktÞ fdrkc dh rcUuh dh] vkSj bl fdrkc esa ekStwn reke vkgdkekr ij vey djus dks yksxksa ij ykt+eh d+jkj fn;k A

139

12 nLrwj o d+kuwu

d+kuwu dk y¶+t+ ,d vtuch bfLrykg ¼’kCnkoyh½ gS vkSj buds ut+nhd bldk evkuh oksg gqDe gS] ftls gqDejk¡ lkfnj djrs gS rkfd yksx ml ij pys A d+kuwu dh rkjhQ+ ;w¡ dh xbZ gS fd ßbalkuksa ds rvkYyqd+kr ds ckjs esa d+okbZn ¼fu;eksa½ dk oksg eteqvk ¼lewg½] ftu dh iSjoh djus ij gqDejk¡ yksxksa dks etcwj dj nsÞA gj gqdwer ds vlklh ¼cqfu;knh½ d+kuwu y¶+t+ nLrwj dk brykd+ ¼ykxw½ Hkh gksrk gSA nlrwj dh cqfu;kn ij oqtwn esa vkus okys fut+ke ls fudyus okys dkuwu ¼vgdkekr½ fQj “h yQt+ d+kuwu dk brykd+ gksrk gSA nLrwj dh rkjhQ+ ;wa dh xb gS % og dkuwu tks fj;klr vkSj fj;klr ds fut+kes gqdejkuhdh ’Dy o lwjr eqrkb;u ¼fu/kkZfjr½ djs] vkSj buesa ekStwn gj dqOor ¼eqlYysrk) dh gqnwn vkSj [+kqlwfl;kr okts+g djsÞ A ;k ßnLrwj oksg d+kuwu gS tks gqdwer dks equT+t+e djs vkSj gqdwer ds lkFk vQ+jkn ds rvkYyqd+kr dh gqnwn eqr¸;u djs] vkSj vQjkn ij gqdwer ds gqd+wd+ vkSj ft+Eesnkjh] bl rjg gqdwer ij vQ+jkn ds gqdw+d+ vkSj ftEesnkjh +dh ot+kgr ¼fu’kkunsgh½ djsÞ A fQj nLrwj ds eq[+krfyQ+ elkfnj ij gksrs gS] dHkh nLrwj d+kuwu dh ’kDy esa gksrk gS] vkSj okt+ nLrwj vknkr vkSj jLeks fjokt ls iSnk gksrs gS] tSlk ds cjrkfu;k dk nLrwjA bl rjg ckt+ nLrwj ,sls gksrs gS] ftudks d+kSeh ,lsEcyh dh oksg desVh ot+k djrh gSA ftldks ml oD+r mEer ij bd+frnkj gkfly gksrk gSA oksg gh nLrwj ot+k djrh gS vkSj ;g gh bl

140

nLrwj dh bLykg dh dSfQ+;r c;ku djrh gSA fQj ;g desVh cjrjQ+ gks tkrh gS vkSj mldh txg oksg dqOorsa ys ysrh gS tks bl nLrwj dh cnkSyr oqtwn esa vkrh gS] tSlk fd Ýk¡l vkSj vejhdk esa gqvkA nLrwj vkSj dkuwu dks ftu elkfnj ls v[+t+ fd;k x;k gS] mudh nks vd+lke gSA igyk elnj ¼L=ksr½ oks eack gS] ftl ls nLrwj o dkuwu cjkgsjkLr QwVrs gSA tSls vknkr] nhu] Q+qd+kgk dh vkjk] vnkykrksa ds QS+lys] vny o balkQ ds d+okbZn oxSjk A bldks d+kuwuh elnj dgk tkrk gS A bldh felky ex+fjch eqekfyd+ cjrkfu;k¡] vejhdk oxSjk dk nLrwj gS A

nwljs elnj oks evkf[k+t+ gSa] ftLls nLrwj ;k d+kuwu fudyrk gks] ;k ftLls nLrwj ok d+kuwu dks eqUrfdy fd;k x;k gks A Qzal dk nLrwj vkSj blh rjag ckt+ bLykeh eqekfyd tSls Vjdh] elz] bZjkd+] ’kke] dk nLrwjA bls rkjh[k+h elnj dgk tkrk gS A

;g y¶+t+ nLrwj vkSj y¶++t+ d+kuwu dh bLrykg dk [kqyklk gSA bldk fupksM ;g gS fd fj;klr eqrkvnfnn elkfnj ls] [k+qokg oksg d+kuwuh ¼r’kjhbZ½ elnj gks ;k rkjh[+kh] dq?k eqr¸;u vkgdkekr dh rcUuh djrh gS vkSj mu ij vey djus dk gqDe nsrh gS A fj;klr dh tkufc ls rcUuh ds ckn ;g vkgdkekr nLrwj cu tkrs gSA fQj ;g vke vkgdkekr gks rks bu dks nLrwj dgk tkrk gS] vkSj vxj ;g [+kkl vkgdkekr esa ls gks rks bu dks d+kuwu dk uke fn;k tkrk gSA

vkt eqlyekuksa dks ftl loky dk tokc nsuk gS] oks ;g gS fd vk;k bl bfLrykg dk bLrseky t+kbZt+ gS fd ugha\ bl dk tokc ;g gS fd oksg vtuch vyQ+kt+]

141

ftu dh gSfl;r bfLrykgh evkuh dh gks vksj ;g bfLrykg eqlyekuksa dh bfLrykg ds eq[+kkfyQ+ gks] rc budk bLrseky tkbZt+ ugha A elyu ßvnkyrs btfrekbZ;kÞ ¼btfrekbZ vny½ dk y¶+t+ D;ksafd blls eqjkn ,d e[+klwl fut+ke gS] ftl dk [kqyklk ;g gS fd x+jhch dh rkyheh vkSj frCch lgwfy;kr dh t+ekur nh tk,s vkSj eqykft+eksa vkSj et+nwjksa ds gqdwd+ dh fgQ+kt+r dh t+ekur nh tk,s A ;g bfLrykg eqlyekuksa ds bfLrykg ds f[+kykQ+ gSA D;ksafd eqlyekuksa ds ut+nhd vny tqYe dh ft+n gS vkSj rkyhe vkSj frCch lgwfy;kr dh t+ekur reke balkuksa ds fy;s gS] pkgs oksg x+jhc gks ;k vehj A blh rjg eksgrkt vkSj t+bZQ+ ds bqdwd+ dh t+ekur bu reke yksxksa ds fy;s gS] tks bLykeh fj;klr ds ts+js lk;k jgrs gks] pkgs ;g yksx eqykft+e gks ;k uk gksa] et+nwj gks ;k fdlku ;k dqN vkSj A bl ds cjvDl vxj oksg y¶++t+ ,slh bLrsykg ds rkSj ij gks ftl dk ekuh vkSj eQgwe ewlyekuks dsgka ekStwn gks rks mldk bLrseky tk;t+ gks] elyu ßn+jhckÞ ¼VSDl½ dk y¶+t+A D;ksafd blls eqjkn oksg eky gS] tks fj;klr dk barst+ke pykus ds fy;s yksxksa ls fy;k tkrk gS vkSj fj;klr dk barst+ke pykus ds fy;s yksxksa ls fy;k tkrk gS vkSj fj;klr dk barst+ke pykus ds fy;s yksxksa ls eky ysus dk rjhd+k eqlyekuksa ds ;gk¡ Hkh ik;k tkrk gSA blfy;s y¶+t+ ßVSDlst+Þ ¼n+jkbZc½ dk bLrseky gSA blh rjg y¶+t+s d+kuwu vkSj nLrwj ds evkuh gS fd fl;klr ds dqN e[+klwl eqrkb;u vkgdkekr b[+kfr;kj djs fQj yksxksa ds fy;s bldk ,syku djsA yksxksa ds fy;s bl ij vey djuk ykt+eh d+jkj ns vkSj yksxksa ij bUgha

142

vkgdkekr ds eqrkfcd+ gqdwer djsA ;g eqLyekuksa ds ;gk¡ Hkh ik;k tkrk gSA pquk¡ps y¶+t+ d+kuwu vkSj nLrwj ds bLrseky esa dksbZ vej ekusv ughA pquk¡ps nLrwj o d+kuwu ls eqjkn oks vkgdke gS] ftudks [+kyhQ+k vgdkesa ’kfj;k ls rcUuh djs A vycRrk blykeh nLrwj] bLykeh d+okuhu vkSj x+Sj bLykeh nLrwj vkSj x+Sj bLykeh d+ouhu ds njfe;ku cM+k Q+d+Z gS A D;ksafd x+Sj bLykeh d+ouhu vkSj nLrwj dk elnj vknkr vkSj vnkyrksa ds QS+lys ox+Sjk gksrs gS A budh rklhe oksg vkbZuh ,lsEcyh djrh gS tks nLrwj ot+k djrh gS vkSj d+ouhu dks voke dh eqar[+kc etfyl ot+k djrh gS A D;ksasfd buds ut+nhd voke gh dqOor dk ljp’ek gS vkSj ckyk nLrh voke dks gkfly gSA tc fd bLykeh nLrwj vkSj bLykeh d+ouhu dk elnj flQ+Z fdrkcmYykg vkSj lqUurs jlwyqYykg gS] vkSj bu dh rklhl djus okyk eqtrgsnhu dk btrsgkn gSA ftldh vlkl ij [+kyhQ+k eqr¸;u vkgdkekr dh rcUuh djrk gS vkSj muds t+fj;s gqdwer djrk gS] yksxksa ds fy;s bu dh ikcanh ykt+eh gSA D;ksafd ckyknLrh ’kfj;r dks gkfly gS vkSj vkgdkes ’kfj;k dk bfLrackr djus ds fy;s btfrgkn djuk reke eqlyekuksa dk gd+ gSA btfrgkn Q+tZ ,s fdQ+k;k gS] vkSj vkgdkekr dh rcUuh ¼b[+kfr;kj djus½ dk gd+ flQ+Z [+kyhQ+k dks gkfly gSA

;g cgl d+kuwu vkSj nLrwj ds vyQ+kt+ ds bLrseky ds tkbst+ gksus ds gokys ls FkhA tgk¡ rd vkgdkekr dh rcUuh dh t+:jr ds oqtwn dh ckr gS] rks eqlyeku vcqcDj¼jft+-½ ds ,sgn ls ysdj vk[+kjh eqlyeku [+kyhQ+k ds ,sgn rd] e[+klwl vkgdkekr dh rcUuh vkSj mu ij vey djus dk gqDe nsus ds

143

mlwy ij d+k;e jgsA gk¡ A ;g rcUuh e[+klwl vkgdkekr dh gksrh Fkh bu reke vke vkgdker dh rcUuh ugha gksrh Fkh] ftuds eqrfcd+ fj;klr gqdwer pykrh Fkh A fj;klr ls ckt+ vksd+kr dks eqlrluk ¼viokn½ djds dHkh vke vkgdkekr dh rcUuh ugha dh A vke vkgdkekr dh rcUuh dh felky ;g gS fd v¸;wfc;ksa us et+gc ,s ’kkQ+bZ dh rcUuh dh vkSj mlekuh f[+kykQ+r esa et+gcs vcw guhQ+k dh rcUuh dh A

vc ;gk¡ ;g loky iSnk gksrk gS fd ,d gekxhj nLrwj vkSj vke d+ouhu ot+k djuk eqlyekuksa ds eQ+kn esa gSa ;k muds eQ+kn ds f[+kykQ+ gS \ bl dk tokc ;g gS fd ,d gekxhj nLrwj vkSj reke vkgdkekr ds ckjs esas vke d+okuhu cukuk ftír ilanh vkSj btfrgkn esa ennxkj lkfcr ugh gks ldrkA ;g gh otg gS fd dq:us Åyk ;kfu ,sgns lgkck¼jft+-½ ,sgns rkcsbZu¼jg-½ vkSj ,sgns rcsrkcsbZu¼jg-½ esa eqLyeku [+kyhQ+k dh tkfuc ls reke vkgdkekr dh rcUuh djus ls btfrukc djrs jgsA cfYd oksg flQZ+ mu e[+klwl vkgdkekr dh rcUuh ij bdfrQ+k djrs jgs] tks ognrs gqDe ¼gqDwer ds ,d gksus½ ognrs r’kjhv ¼d+kuwu ds ,d gksus½ ognrs bnkjk ¼barst+kfe;k¡ ds ,d gksus½ dh cd+k ds fy;s ukxqt+hj gksA bl cqfu;kn ij dgk tk dlrk gS fd ftír ilanh vkSj btfrgkn iSnk djus ds fy;s cgrj ;g gS fd eefydr ds fy;s dksbZ ,slk gekxhj nLrwj u gks] tks reke vkgdkekr ij eq’krfey gks A cfYd eefydr dk nLrwj mu vkegdkekr ij eq’krfey gks] tks fj;klr dh ’kDy vks lwjr dks eqr¸;u djs vkSj mldh ognr dh cd+k dh t+ekur ns A btfrgkn vkSj bfLrackr dks

144

okfy;ksa vkSj d+kft+;ksa ij NksM+ fn;k tk,sA rkge ;g ml lwjr esa gksxk fd tc btfrgkn vke gks vkSj yksx btfrgkn dj ldrs gksA tSls ds ,sgns lgkck¼jft+-½ ,sgns rkcsbZu ¼jg-½ vkSj ,sgns rcs rcsbZu¼jg-½ esa Fkk A vxj reke yksx eqd+fYyn gksa vkSj eqtrfgn ’kkt+ vks ukfnj gh ik,s tkrs gksa rks bl lwjr esa fj;klr ds fy;s t+:jh gS fd oks ,sls vkgdkekr dh rcUuh djs fd ftu ds eqrkfcd+ [+kyhQ+k] okyh vkSj dkt+h cxS+jk yksxksa ij gqdwer dj ldsa A D;ksafd bl ds cxS+j okfy;ksa vkSj dkft+;ksa dh eq[krfyQ+ vkSj eqrkukfdt+ rd+yhn dh otg ls vYykg rvkyk ds ukft+y djnk vkgdkekr ds eqrkfcd+ gqdwer djuk eq’kfdy gks tk,sxk A rcUuh rnjhl] ckd+s, dks le>us vkSj nyhy dh ekjsQ+r gkfly djus ds ckn gksxhA blds vykok vxj okfy;ksa vkSj dkft+;ksa dks mudh viuh lokcnhn ds eqrkfcd+ gqdwer djus dh btkt+r ns nh tk,s] rks ,d gh fj;klr cfYd ,d gh eqYd ds vUnj vkgdkekr eq[+krfyd+ gksaxs A cfYd gks ldrk gS fd gqdwer vYykg rvkyk ds ukft+y djnk vkgdkekr ds eqrkfcd+ gh uk gks A blfy;s blykeh fj;klr ds fy;s ykt+eh gS fd oksg vkt eqlyekuksa ds gkykr dks ns[krs gq,s vkSj bLyke ds ckjs esa bl ftgkyr dk bnjkd djrs gq,s e[+klwl vkgdkekr dh rcUuh djs A ;g rcUuh eqvkeykr vkSj mdwckr ds ckjs esa gksuk pkfg,] uk fd vd+kbZn vkSj bcknkr ds ckjs esa] vkSj ;g rcUuh reke vkgdkekr ds fy;s meweh uksbZ¸;r dh gksuh pkfg,A rkfd fj;klr ds eqvkeykr eqat+fcr gks lds vkSj eqlyekuksa ds reke mewj vkgdkes ’kfj;k ds eqrkfcd+ ljvtkae ik,saA blfy;s fj;klr tc Hkh vkgkdke dh rcUuh djs vkSj nwLrj vkSj d+okuhu ot+k djs]

145

rks flQZ+ vkSj flQ+Z vkgdkes ’kfj;k dk bRrsck djs A blds vykok fdlh vkSj pht+ dks v[+t+ u djsa A cfYd fdlh pht+ dh rnjhl Hkh uk djs A fygkt+k vkgdkes ’kfj;k ds vykok dksbZ vkSj pht+ ugh yh tk,sxhA blls d+r , ut+j fd oks bLyke ds eq[+kkfyQ+ gS ;k eqvkfQ+d+A pquk¡ps fj;klr d+ksfe;kus ¼vf’k;k dks gqdwerh rgohy esa ysuk½ dh ikyhlh dks b[kfr;kj ugh dj ldrh] cfYd vke feyfd;r ds vkgdkekr gh ot+k djsxhA blfy;s fQ+Ø vkSj rjhds ls eqrkfYyd+ gj pht+ esa ykt+eh rkSj ij oksg ’kjbZ vkgdkekr gh dh iSjoh djsxhA tgk¡ rd mu d+okuhu vkSj fut+keksa dh ckr gS] ftudk rvkYyqd+ fQ+Ø vkSj rjhds+ ls ugh gksrk] vkSj ftu ds ckjs esa dksbZ [+kkl uqDr ,s ut+j Hkh ugh gksrk] elyu barst+keh d+okuhu vkSj ekgdeksa dh rjrhc ;k bl fd+Le dh nwljh phtsa+] rks ;g xks;k olkbZy vkSj mlywc gSA ;g lkabl] luvr vkSj Q+quwu dh rjg gSA fj;klr bUgsa bf[+kr;kj djds vius elkbZy ok eqvkeykr lqy>k ldrh gSA tSlk fd mej fcu [+kRrkc¼jft+-½ us fd;k fd tc vki us nQ+kfrj dks rjrhc nsuk pkgk rks vkius ;g ,sgys Q+kfjl ls v[+t+ fd;kA ;g bUrst+keh vkSj Q+uh vf’k;k nLrwj ls gS] u fd d+okuhus ’kfj;k gSA ;g nLrwj esa nkf[+ky ughaA blfy;s bLykeh fj;klr dh ftEesnkjh gS fd bldk nLrwj vkgdkes ’kfj;k ;kfu bLyke ij ecuh gks] vkSj bldk d+kuwu Hhk bLykeh gksA tc oksg dksbZ gqDe rcUuh djs] rks ykt+eh rkSj ij mls nyhys ’kjkbZ dh dqOor dh cqfu;kn ij djs] vkSj lkFk&lkFk ekStwnk eq’kfdy dks Hkh lgh rksj ij le>sA pqukaps igys elys dks vPNh rjg le>us ds fy;s bldh rgd+hd+ djs D;ksafd lcls t+:jh pht+ elys dks

146

le>uk gS A fQj bl elys dk gqDes ’kjkbZ ekywe djsA fQj bl gqDes ’kjkbZ dh nyhy dh rnjhl djsa vkSj fQj nyhy dh dqOor dh cqfu;kn ij bl gqDe dh rcUuh djsA ;g ’kjbZ vkgdkekr ;k rks eqtrgsnhu esa ls fdlh eqtrfgn dh jk; dh cqfu;kn ij bf[+r;kj fd;s tk,sa] vkSj bldh nyhy ekywe gks] vkSj nyhy dh dqOor ij bfReuku Hkh gksA

;k fQj %

1 fdrkcmYyk]

2 lqUur , jlwyqYykg

3 btek , lgkck vkSj

4 fd+;kl

ls ’kjbZ btfrgkn ds t+fj;s bf[+r;kj fd;s tk,saA vxjps ;g btfrgkn tqt+vbZ gkas] ;kfu ,d gh elys ij btfrgkn gksA pqukaps fj;klr tc lkt+ vks lkeku dk chek djus ls euk djus dh rcUuh dk bjknk djs] rks t+:jh gS fd igys ;g rgd+hd+ djs fd lkt+ vks lkeku dk chek D;k gksrk gS \ bldks le>s] fQj fefYd;r ds olkbZy dh rnjhl djs] fQj feyfd;r ls eqrkfYyd+ vYykg rvkyk ds gqDe dk ches ij barsckd+ djs vkSj fQj blds ckjs esa gqDes ’kjbZ dh rcUuh djsA ;g gh otg gS fd gj nLrwj ds fy;s ,d eqdíe t+:jh gS tks bl et+gc dh ot+kgr djs ftLls gj nQk yh xbZ gks vkSj bl nyhy dh ot+kgr djs ftl ij ,rsekn fd;k x;k gks A ;k bl nyhy dh ot+kgr djs ftLls bl nQk dk bfLraUckr fd;k x;k gks] tc fd ;g bfLraUckr btrsgkns lgh ds t+fj;s fd;k x;k gks] rkdh eqlyekuks dks ;g ekywe gks fd fj;klr nLrwj

147

vkSj d+okuhu ds ftu vgdkekr dh rcUuh djrh gS] og vgdkes ’kfj;k gS vkSj lgh btrsgkn ds t+fj;s bfLraUckr fd;s x, gSa A D;ksadh eqlyekuks ij fj;klr dh brkvr bl lwjr esa Q+Zt+ gS fd ftu vgdkekr dh rcUuh fj;klr us dh gS vkSj ftu ds t+fj;s og gqdwer djrh gS A og vgdkes ’kfj;k gksa A bl cqfu;kn ij fj;klr nLrwj vkSj d+okuhu ds t+fj;s vgdkes ’kfj;k dh rcUuh djs] rkdh bu vgdkekr t+fj;s mu yksxksa ij gqdwer djs] tks blds t+sjs lk;k jg jgs gksa A

crksjs felky ge eqlyekuks ds lkeus vkyes bLyke esa ,d bLykeh fj;klr ds nlrwj dk eqtfOot+k [k+kdk j[krs gSa] rkdh og bldks Ik<+sa vkSj nqfu;k ds lkeus bLykeh nkor dks is’k djus okyh bLykeh fj;klr ds d+;ke ds fy;s veyh dksf’k’k djsa A

148

13 eqlonznk , nLrwj

meweh vkgdkekr%

nQ+k ua- 1 % bLykeh vd+hnk gh fj;klr dh cqfu;kn gS] oks bl rjg fd fj;klr dh lk[+r] mlds <+kaps] mlds eqgkflcs ;k dksbZ Hkh pht+] tks fj;klr ls eqrkfYyd+ gks] oks bLykeh vd+hns gh dh cqfu;kn ij gksxhA nLrwj vkSj d+okuhus ’kfj;k dh cqfu;kn Hkh ;g gh vd+hnk gSA nLrwj vkSj d+okuhu ls eqrkfYyd+ flQZ+ ml pht+ dks dqcwy dh tk,sxh] tks bLykeh vd+hns ls gks A

nQ+k ua- 2 % nk:y&bLyke oksg eqYd gS tgka bLykeh vkgdkekr ukfQ+t+ gks vkSj mldh veku bLyke dh veku dh otg ls gksA nk:y dq¶+j oksg gS tgka dqQ+fj;k fut+ke ukfQ+t+ gks ;k mldh veku bLyke ds cxS+j gks A

nQ+k ua- 3 % [+kyhQ+k eqr¸;u ’kjbZ vkgdkekr dh rcUuh djsxk ftu dks nLrwj vkSj d+okuhu cuk;k tk,sxkA [+kyhQ+k tc fdlh gqDes ’kjbZ dh rcUuh djs rks flQZ+ ;g gh gqDes ’kjbZ gksxk vkSj ml ij vey djuk Q+tZ+ gksxkA ;g mlh oD+r ukfQ+tqy vey d+kuwu gksxk ftl ij vey njvken fj;k;k esa ls gj Q+nZ ij t+kfgju vksj ckfruu Q+tZ+ gksxk A

nQ+k ua- 4 % [+kyhQ+k bcknkr esa ls flok,s td+kr vkSj ftgkn ds] fdlh eqr¸;u gqDes ’kjbZ dh rcUuh ugha djsxkA u oksg vd+hnk,s bLykfe;k ls eqrkfYyd+k vQ+dkj esa ls fdlh fQ+Ø dh rcUuh djsxk A

149

nQ+k ua- 5 % oksg reke vQ+jkn] tks bLykeh fj;klr dh ’kgfj;r ds gkfey gks] mUgsa gqdw+d+ feysaxs vkSj mUgsa vius ’kjbZ Q+jkbZt+ iwjs djus gksaxs A

nQ+k ua- 6 % fj;klr ds fy, fcYdqy tkbZt+ ugh fd oksg vius ’kgfj;ksa ds ekcsu gqDejkuh d+t+k ¼QS+lyksa½ vkSj eqvkeykr dh fuxjkuh vkSj nwljs elkbZy esa fdlh fd+Le dk befr;kt+h lqywd djsA cfYd fj;klr dh ft+Eesnkjh gS fd oksg vius reke vQ+jkn dks jax] uLy vkSj nhu dks ut+j vankt+ djrs gq, ,d gh ut+j ls ns[ksA

nQ+k ua- 7 % fj;klr mu reke vQ+jkn ij] tks bLykeh fj;klr ds ’kgjh gksa] pkgs oksg eqfLye gksa ;k xS+j eqfLye] gt+cs ts+y rjhds ls bLykeh ’kfj;r ukfQ+t+ djsxh %

eqlyekuksa ij cxS+j fdlh bfLrluk ds reke bLykeh vkgdkekr ukfQ+t+ djsxhA

xS+j eqfLye tSlk ,rsd+kn j[ksa ftl rjg pkgs bcknr djs muls ckt+ iqlZ ugh dh tk,sxhA

eqrZnksa ij eqrZnhu ds bLykeh vgdkekr ykxw djsxh c’kZrs ds oks {k+qn eqZrn gq, gksaA ysfdu vxj og eqrZnhu dh vkSykn gks vkSj iSnkbZ’kh x+Sj eqfLye gksa rks muds lkFk x+Sj eqlyekuksa dk lk eqvkeyk fd;k tk,sxkA ;kfu lwjrs gky dks ns[kdj] fd oksg eq’kfjd gS ;k ,sgys fdrkcA

150

xS+j eqfLyeksa ds lkFk [kkus ihus vkSj fyckl ds eqvkeykr esa vkgdkes ’kfj;k dh gqnwn esa jgrs gq,s muds nhu ds eqrkfcd+ eqvkeyk fd;k tk,sxkA

xS+j eqfLyeksa ds njfe;ku ’kknh vkSj rykd+ ds eqvkeyrk muds vfn;ku ds eqrkfcd+ fuiVk,s tk,sxs vkSj eqfLyekuh ds lkFk xS+j eqfLyeksa ds ;g eqvkeykr bLykeh vkgdkekr ds eqrkfcd+ laokjs tk,saxsA

ckd+h reke vkgdkes ’kfj;k vkSj mewjs ’kjvk] elyu eqvkeykr] mdwckr] ç;sukr ¼xokgksa½ fut+kes gqdwer vkSj bdfrlkfn;kr oxS+jk dks reke fj;k;k ij] [kqokg oksg eqfLye gks ;k xS+j eqfLye] fj;k;r cjkcjh dh cqfu;kn ij ukfQ+t+ djsxhA blh rjg eqvkfgnhu ¼,gyseqvkfgknk½ eqLrkesuhu ¼veu esa vkus okys½ vkSj gj ml ’k[+l ij] tks bLykeh fj;klr ds t+sjs lk;k jgrk gS] fj;klr bu vkgdkekr dks ukfQ+t+ djsxhA vycRrk lQ+hjksa vksj ,syfp;ksa ds lkFk muds eqekfyd ds ds lkFk fd;s x,s eqvkfgns ds eqrkfcd+ eqvkeyk fd;k tk,sxkA

nQ+k ua- 8 % vjch t+cku gh pwadh bLyke dh t+cku gS] blfy;s fj;klr flQZ+ vjch t+cku bLrseky djsxhA

151

nQ+k ua- 9 % btfrgkn Q+tZs+ fdQ+k;k gS] gj eqLyeku dks btfrgkn dk gd+ gkfly gS c’kZr gS fd mlds vanj btfrgkn dh ’kjkbZr ikbZ tkrh gksA

nQ+k ua- 10 % bLyke ds ckjs essa reke eqLyeku tokc nsg gS blfy, bLyke esa fjtkys nhu ugh gksrsA pqukaps fj;klr dk Q+t+Z gS fd tc oksg eqLyekuksa ds vanj bl fdLe ds :tgkukr eglwl djs rks mUgsa jksd nsA

nQ+k ua- 11 % fj;klr dk vfly dke bLykeh nkor dk vyecjnkj cuuk gSA

nQ+k ua- 12 % fdrkcqYykg] lqUurs jlwyqYykg ] btek,s lgkck vkSj fd+;kl gh vkgdkes ’kfj;k ds fy;s eksrcj vfnYykg gSA

nQ+k ua- 13 % vfly cjhmt+ft+Eek gksuk gS] vnkyrh gqDe ds cxS+j fdlh ¼’k[+l½ dks lt+k ugha nh tk,sxhA fdlh dks vt+kc nsuk fcYdqy tkbZt+ ugh vkSj tks bldk eqrZfdc gksxk] mls lt+k nh tk,axhA

nQ+k ua- 14 % cqfu;knh pht+ vkgdkes ’kfj;k ij vey djuk gS] fygkt+k ’kjbZ gqDe ekywe fd;s cxS+j dksbZ dke ugha fd;k tk,sxkA blh rjg vf’k;k esa vfly vckgr ¼tokt+½ gS] ;gka rd fd gjke gksus dh dksbZ nyhy ekStwn u gksA

nQ+k ua- 15 % gjke dk olhyk ¼t+fj;k½ Hkh gjke gksxk tc xkfyc xqeku gks fd oks gjke rd igqapk,sxkA vxj gjke rd igaqpkus dk flQZ+ Mj gks rks oksg gjke ugha gksxkA

152

gqdwer dk fut+ke%

nQ+k ua- 16 % gqdwer dk fut+ke ognr dk gksxk] uk fd bfRrgkn dkA

nQ+k ua- 17 % gqdwer ejdt+h gksxh vkSj bnkjk ykejdft+;r dh cqfu;kn ijA

nQ+k ua- 18 % gqDdke pkj gS % [+kyhQ+k] eqvkfous rQ+oht+] okyh vkSj vkfeyA buds vykok ckd+h lc eqykft+e gS] gqDdke ughaA

nQ+k ua- 19 % gqdwer ;k gqdwer ls eqrkfYyd+k mewj ¼ftudks gqdwer esa ’kqekj fd;k tkrk gS½ pykus okyk flQ+Z vkt+kn] vkfny enZ vkSj eqlyeku gh gks ldrk gSA

nQ+k ua- 20 % gqDdke dk eqgklck eqlyekuksa dk gd+ Hkh gS vkSj ;g mu ij Q+tZs+ fdQ+k;k Hkh gSA fj;k;k ds xS+j eqlfye vQ+jkn dks gqDejk¡ ds tqYe ;k bLykeh vkgdkekr dks x+yr vankt+ ls ukfQ+t+ djus dh f’kdk;r ds bt+gkj dk gd+ gkfly gSA

nQ+k ua- 21 % gqDdke ds eqgklcs ;k mEer ds t+fj;s gqdwer rd igaqpus ds fy;s eqLyekuksa dks fl;klh ikfVZ;k¡ cukus dh btkt+r gS] c’krZ ;g fd ;g ikfVZ;k¡ bLykeh vd+hns dh cqfu;kn ij gksa vkSj ftu vkgdkekr dh bu ikfVZ;k¡ us rcUuh dh gks oksg ’kjbZ vkgdkekr gksaA ikVhZ cukus ds fy;s fdlh ls btkt+r ysus dh t+:jr ugha gksxhA xS+j bLykeh cqfu;kn ij gj fd+Le dh ikVhZ ckt+h eewu gksxhA

nQ+k ua- 22 % gqdwer dh pkj cqfu;knsa gksxh %

153

¼a½ bfD+rnkjs vkyk ’kfj;r dks gkfly gksxk uk fd voke dksA

¼b½ dqOor ¼bf[+r;kj½ mEer dks gkfly gksxhA

¼c½ fj;klr ds fy;s ,d gh ljcjkg ¼[+kyhQ+k½ eqd+jZj djuk eqlyekuksa ij Q+tZ+ gSA

¼d½ flQZ+ fj;klr dk ljcjkg ¼[+kyhQ+k½ gh vkgdkes ’kfj;k dh rcUuh djsxk vksj oks gh nLrwj vkSj reke d+okuhu eqjRrc djsxkA

nQ+k ua- 23 % gqdwerh <+k¡pk vkB vjdku ij eq’krfey gksxkA

1 [+kyhQ+k

2 eksvkfouqr rQ+oht+

3 eqvkfouqr rud+ht+

4 veh:y ftgkn

5 dt+k

6 (foyk;k ¼xouZj½

7 elkysgqnnkSyk

8 etfyls mEer

[+kyhQ+k%

nQ+k ua- 24 % [+kyhQ+k gh bf[+r;kj vkSj fuQ+kts+ ’kfj;k ls mEer dk uqekbZUnk gksrk gS

nQ+k ua- 25 % f[+kykQ+r ckgeh jt+keanh dk vkSj ,d bf[+r;kjh vD+n gSA fygkt+k fdlh dks

154

f[+kykQ+r dqcwy djus ;k [+kyhQ+k ds bars[kkc ij etcwj ugh fd;k tk,sxkA

nQ+k ua- 26 % gj vkfd+y vkSj ckfyd+ eqlyeku dks] pkgs oksg enZ gks ;k vkSjr] [+kyhQ+k equr[+kc djus vkSj mldh cSvr djus dk gd+ gkfly gks] ysfdu xS+j eqfLyeksa dks bufr[+kkcs [+kyhQ+k ;k cSvrs [+kyhQ+k dk dksbZ gd+ ughA

nQ+k ua- 27 % ftu yksxksa dh cSvr ls f[+kykQ+r dk bubd+kn gksrk gS vxj oksg yksx fdlh ,d ’k[+l dh crkSjs [+kyhQ+k cSvr djssa rks ckdh yksxkssa dh rjQ+ ls cSvr brkvr gksxh] u fd cSvrs bubd+knA pquk¡ps ftl ’k[+l ds vanj ljd’kh ds bedkukr ut+j vk;s rks mls cSvr ij etcwj fd;k tk,sxkA

nQ+k ua- 28 % flQ+Z oks gh ’k[+l [+kyhQ+k gks ldrk gS ftls eqLyeku equ[+kc djsaA fdlh Hkh ’k[+l dks [+kyhQ+k ds b[+kfr;kjkr ml oD+r gkfly gksxs tc mldh cSvr dk vD+n ’kjbZ rkSj ij mdwns ’kfj;k dh rjg eqdEey gks tk,sA

nQ+k ua- 29 % ml eqYd ;k f[kRrs ds fy;s] tks [+kyhQ+k ds gkFk ij cSvrs bubd+kn djs] ;g ’krZ gS fd ml dk bd+frnkj viuk t+krh gks] tks flQ+Z eqLyekuksa ij bufglkj djrk gks] fdlh dkfQ+j fj;klr dk mlesa dksbZ vey n[+ky uk gks vkSj bl f[+kRrs esa nkf[+kyh vkSj [+kkjth rkSj ij veku vkSj eqlyekuksa dk veuks veku bLyke dh otg ls gks] uk fd dqÝ+ dh otg lsA tks bykd+s [+kyhQ+k dh flQZ+ cSvrs brkvr djsaxs muds fy;s ;g ’krZ ykt+eh ughaA

155

nQ+k ua- 30 % [+kyhQ+k ds rkSj ij ftl ’k[+l dh cSvr dh tk jgh gks] mlds vanj bubd+kns f[+kykQ+r dh reke ’kjkbZr gksuh ykt+eh gSA vxjps mlds vanj ’k:rs vQ+tfy;kr u Hkh gks] D;ksafd cqfu;knh pht+ ’kq:rs bubZd+kn gS A

nQ+k ua- 31 % [+kyhQ+k ds fy;s 6 ’kjkbZr gS vkSj oksg ;g gS %

1. eZn gksuk

2. eqlyeku gksuk

3. vkt+kn gksuk

4. ckfyx+ gksuk

5. vkfd+y gksuk

6. vkfny gksuk

nQ+k ua- 32 % [+kyhQ+k dh ekSr] mlds ektwy gksus ;k ektwy fd;s tkus dh otg ls ealcs f[+kykQ+r [kkyh gks tk,s rks ftl rkjh[+k dks ;g ealc [k+kyh gks mlds rhu fnu ds vanj vanj nwljk [+kyhQ+k eqdjZj djuk Q+tZ+ gS A

nQ+k ua- 33 % [+kyhQ+k ds rd:Zj dk rjhds+dkj %

A. etfyls mEer ¼’kwjk½ ds eqlyeku vjkdhu ealcs f[+kykQ+r ds fy;s pan mEehnokjksa dk bufr[+kkc djsaxs vkSj muds ukeksa dk ,syku djsaxsA fQj

156

eqlyekuksa ls eqrkyck djsaxs fd oksg buesa ls fdlh ,d dks viuk [+kyhQ+k equr[+kc djs A

B. bufr[+kkc ds urkbZt dk ,syku fd;k tk,sxk vkSj eqlyekuksa dks ck[k+cj fd;k tk,sxk fd fdlus T+;knk oksV fy;sA

C. (tks ’k[+l T+;knk oksV ys eqlyekuksa Q+kSju mlds gkFk ij fdrkcqYykg vkSj lqUurs jlwyqYykg ij vey djus dh ’krZ ij cSvr djsaxs A

D. cSvr ds b[+kfrrke ij voke ds lkeus [+kyhQ+k dk ,syku fd;k tk,sxk rkfd iwjh mEer dks ekywe gks fd dkSu [+kyhQ+k cukA mlds uke dk ,syku fd;k tk,sxk vkSj mu oqtwgkr dks Hkh c;ku fd;k tk,sxk ftu dh otg ls mls [+kyhQ+k equr[+kc fd;k x;k A

nQ+k ua- 34 % mEer gh dks [+kyhQ+k ds rdZ+:Zj dk bf[+r;kj gkfly gSA ysfdu tc ’kjbZ rjhd+s ls [+kyhQ+k dk bufr[+kkc gks tk,s rks mEer mls ektwy ugha dj ldrh A

nQ+k ua- 35 % [+kyhQ+k gh fj;klr gksrk gSA oksg mu reke bf[+r;kjkr dk ekfyd gksrk gS ftu dh ,d fj;klr ekfyd gksrh gSA pquk¡ps mlds ikl njts ts+y bf[+r;kjkr gksrs gS %

A. [+kyhQ+k gh rcUuh fd;s gq,s vkgdkekr dks ukfQ+t+ djrk gSA ml oD+r ;g rcUuh ’kqnk vkgdkekr d+okuhu gksrs gSA bu dokuhu ij vey Q+tZ+ gksrk gSA budh eq[kkfyQ+r tkbZt+ ugha A

B. [+kyhQ+k gh fj;klr dh [+kkjth vkSj nkf[+kyh ikfylh ds ckjs esa tokcnsg gksrk gS oksg gh Q+kSt

157

dk ljcjkg gksrk gSA oks gh ,sykus tax] lqykg ;k tax canh dk ,syku dj ldrk gS vkSj reke eqvkfgnkr dk bf[+r;kj mlh dks gkfly gksrk gS A

C. [+kyhQ+k gh cS:uh lQ+hjksa dks dqcwy ;k eqlrjn dj ldrk gSA blh rjg eqlyeku lqQ+kjk dks eqd+jZj ;k ektwy dj ldrk gS A

D. [+kyhQ+k gh eqvosuhu vkSj okfy;ksa dk rdZ:j ;k mUgs lqcdnks’k dj ldrk gS] ftl rjg ;g etfyls mEer ¼’kwjk½ ds lkeus tokcnsg gksrs gS] blh rjg [+kyhQ+k ds lkeus Hkh tokcnsg gksrs gS A

E. [+kyhQ+k gh dkt+hmydt+kr] nQ+kfrj ds ukft+eksa] Q+kSt ds ljcjkgks vkSj lwcksa ds okfy;ksa dks eqdjZj ;k ektwy dj ldrk gSA ;g lc [+kyhQ+k ds lkeus tokcnsg gksrs gSA etfyls mEer ¼’kwjk½ ds lkeus tokcnsg ugha A

F. [+kyhQ+k gh fj;klr ds ctV ds eqrkfYyd+ vkgdkes ’kfj;k dh rcUuh dj ldrk gS vkSj oks gh ctV dh eqír vkSj vkenuh [k+pZ ds eqrfYyd+k jd+eksa dk rm¸;qu Hkh djrk gS A

nQ+k ua- 36 % [+kyhQ+k vkgdkes ’kfj;k dh rcUuh dk ikcan gS] pquk¡ps fdlh ,sls gqDe dh rcUuh djuk mlds fy;s gjke gS ftldk mlus ßvfnYyk,s ’kfj;kÞ ls lgh rksj ij bfLrackr u fd;k gks] oks vius rcUuh fd;s gq,s vkgdkekr vkSj rjhd+k,s bfLrackr dk ikcan gSA pquk¡ps mlds fy;s tk;t+ ugha fd oksg fdlh ,sls gqDe dh rcUuh djs ftldk rjhd+k,s bfLrackr rjhd+k,s rcUuh ls eqrkukfd+t+ gks] vkSj u oksg

158

dksbZ ,slk gqDe ns tks mlds rcUuh fd;s gq,s vkgdkerk ls eqrkukfdt+ gks A

nQ+k ua- 37 % [+kyhQ+k dks viuh lokcnhn vkSj vius btfrgkn ds eqrkfcd+ viuh fj;k;k ds elkbZy gy djus dk eqdEey gd+ gkfly gSA gk¡A mlds fy;s ;g tk;t+ ugh fd oksg elysgr dks nyhy cuk dj fdlh gqDes’kjkbZ dh eq[k+kfyQ+r djsA elyu oksg eqYdh lur dks rg¶+Qqt+ nsus ds fy;s ckgj ls lkt+ks lkeku njvken djus ls fj;k;k dks euk djsA bl rjg mlds fy;s ;g Hkh tk;t+ ugha fd oksg bfLrsglky dks jksdus ds fy;s ¼bldks nyhy cuk dj½ yksxksa ds fy;s vf’k;k,sa lQ+Z dh d+hersa edZjj djs] ;k fjgkbZ’k dh lgwyr eqg¸;k djus dks nyhy cuk dj ekfyd dks mldh eeywdk bZekjkr fdjk;s ij nsus ij etcwj dj nsA blds vykok fdlh Hkh gkykr esa mls vkgdkes ’kfj;k dh eq[kfyQ+r djus dh btkt+r ugh gSA fdlh eqckg dks gjke ;k fdlh gjke dks eqckg djkj nsuk mlds y;s tk;t+ ughA

nQ+k ua- 38 % [+kyhQ+k ds fy;s dksbZ eqír eqd+jZj ugh gSA tc rd [+kyhQ+k ’kjk dh fgQ+kt+r] ’kjbZ vkgdkekr dh ruQ+ht+ vkSj fj;klr ds eqvkeykr dks pykus ij d+kfnj gS] oksg [+kyhQ+k gS] vkSj vxj mldh (110)gkyr esa dksbZ ,slh rcnhyh :uqek gks tk,s rks mls bu ftEesnkfj;ksa ls vksgnk cjk gksus ls jksds rks Q+kSju mls ektwy djuk Q+tZ+ gks tkrk gSA

nQ+k ua- 39 % oksg mewj] ftudh otg ls [+kyhQ+k dh gkyr cny tkrh gS vkSj oksg ealcs

159

f[k+ykQ+r dk ,sgy ugh jgrk] oksg ;g rhu mewj gS %

A. tc bubZd+kns f[+kykQ+r dh ’kjk;r esa ls dksbZ ’krZ eQ+dwn gks tk,sA tSls eqrZn gksuk] t+kfgjh fQ+Ld+ vkSj Q+qtwj esa eqcfryk gksuk] etuwu gksuk ;k blh fd+Le dh dksbZ nwljh lwjr iS’k vk,sA D;ksafd ;g reke ’kjkbZr ’kq:rs bubZd+kn vkSj ’kq:rs bfLrejkj ¼nkbZeh ’kjk;r½ gSA

B. fdlh Hkh lcc ls f[k+ykQ+r ds Q+jkbZt+ dh vatke nsgh ls vkftt+ gks tk,sA

C. oksg bl dnj ex+ywc gks tk,s fd viuh jk; ls ’kfj;r ds eqvkfQ+d eqLyekuksa ds eQ+kknkr dh fgQ+kt+r u dj ldsA il tc bl ij dksbZ bl gn rd xkfyc vk,s fd oksg ct+krs [kqn vius bf[+r;kj vkSj bjkns ls vkgdkes ’kjk dh jkS’kuh esa viuh jk; ds eqrkfcd fj;k;k ds eQ+knkr dh fuxjkuh djus ls vkftt+ gks tk,s rks mls gqdeu Q+jkbZt+s f[+kykQ+r dh vknkbZxh ls vkftt+ le>k tk,sxkA ,slh lwjr esa oksg bl ealc dk ,sgy ugh jgrkA bldh nks lwjrs gks ldrh gS%

igyh lwjr % blds gkf’k;k cjnkjksa esa ls dksbZ ,d Q+nZ ;k ,d ls t+kbZn vQ+jkn ml ij bl rjg eqlYyr gks tk,s fd ml ij viuh jk; Bwl nsaA bl lwjr esa vxj bu yksxksas ls NqVdkjk ikus dh mEehn gks rks mls ,d eqv¸;uk eqír rd eksgyr nh tk,sxhA fQj vxj oksg bu ls tku NqM+kus esa dke;kc u gks lds rks ektwy fd;k tk,sxkA vxj ’kq: gh esa NqVdkjk ikus dh mEehn u gks rks mlh oD+r ektwy fd;k tk,sxk A

160

nwljh lwjr % oksg fdlh d+kfgj nq’eu ds gkFkksa fxj¶+rkj gks tk,sA fQj fxj¶+rkjh pkgs fcy Qs+y gks ;k flQ+Z nq’keu ds rlYyqr esa vk,sA bl lwjr esa vxj cp fudyus dh mEehn gks rks mls eksgYyr nh tk,sxh ojuk mlds ektwy fd;k tk,sxkA vxj ’kq: gh ls [+kYyklh dh dksbZ mEehn u gks rks Q+kSju ektwy fd;k tk,xk A

nQ+k ua- 40 % flQZ+ egderqy et+kfye gh QS+lyk dj ldrk gS fd D;k [+kyhQ+k dh gkyr bl d+nj cny pqdh gS ftl dh otg ls oksg f[+kykQ+r ds ealc dk ,sgy ugh A flQZ+ vkSj flQZ+ egderqy et+kfye gh dks [+kyhQ+k ds gVkus ;k rachg dk bf[+r;kj gkfly gS A

eqvkfou , rQ+oht+%

nQ+k ua- 41 % [+kyhQ+k vius fy;s eqvkfous rQ+oht+ eqd+Zjj djsxk] tks gqDe nsus ds ft+Eesnkj gksaxsA il mu dh jk; ds eqrkfcd+ mewj dh rnchj djus vkSj muds btfrgkn ds eqrkfcd+ eqvkeykr fuiVkus dh ft+Eesnkjh mUgsa lkSai nsxk A

nQ+k ua- 42 % eqvkfous rQ+oht+ ds fy;s Hkh oksg gh ’kjkbr gksxh tks [+kyhQ+k ds fy;s gSA ;kfu vkt+kn] vkfd+y] ckfyx+] eqlyeku vkSj enZ gksA blds vykok mlds fy;s ;g ’krZ Hkh gS fd oksg viuh ft+Eesnkfj;ksa ls vgnkcjk gksus dk ,sgy Hkh gks A

nQ+k ua- 43 % eqvkfous rQ+oht+ dks bf[+r;kjkr lkSaius dh nks ’kjkbr gS %

161

1 bf[+r;kjkr vke gksa A

2 fu;kcr gkfly gks A

blfy;s [+kyhQ+k dks ykt+eu ;g dguk pkfg, fd eSaus vius reke bf[+r;kjkr esa rqEgsa viuk uk;c cuk;k] ;k dksbZ nwljs vyQ+kt+ bLrseky djs] ysfdu mudk evkuh vke fu;kcr dk gksA il vxj;g fu;kcr bl fdLe dh ugh gksxh rks oksg ’k[+l eqvkfou ugh cu ldrkA bl rjg dgs cxS+j mls fu;kcr ds bf[+r;jkr gkfly ugh gksaxs A

nQ+k ua- 44 % eqvkfous rQ+oht+ dk dke ;g gS fd oksg ftu mewj dh rnchj djs] muls [+kyhQ+k dks ck[+kcj j[ks] vxjps oksg ;g mewj oyh ;k [+kyhQ+k ds uk;c ds rksj ij ljvatke nsA rkfd bf[+r;kjkr ds bLrseky esa [+kyhQ+k vkSj mlds njfe;ku Q+dZ+ gksA bldk dke [+kyhQ+k dks ck[+kcj j[kuk vkSj [+kyhQ+k ftu pht+ksa dh ruQ+ht+ dk gqDe ns] mudks ukfQ+t+ djuk gS A

nQ+k ua- 45 % [+kyhQ+k dk Q+tZ+ gS fd oksg eqvkfous rQ+oht+ ds vkeky vkSj rnkchj dk tk;t+k ys] rkfd muesa lgh dks cjd+jkj j[ks vksj x+yr dk rnkjqd djsA D;ksafd mEer ds eqvkeykr dh fuxjkuh [+kyhQ+k dh ft+Eesnkjh vkSj mlds btfrgkn ij ekSdwQ+ gS A

nQ+k ua- 46 % tc eqvkfous rQ+ohn+ fdlh ekeys dh rnchj djs vkSj [+kyhQ+k bldh eat+wjh nss ns rks eqvkfou dks pkfg, ds og bl dks fdlh deh is’kh cx+Sj bl rjg ukfQ+t djs ftl rjg ds [+kyhQ+k us eatwjh nh Fkh vxj [+kyhQ+k fQ+j bl ekeys ij ut+j

162

lkuh djs vkSj ns[ks ds eqvkfou us bl vEj ds f[+kykQ+ fd;k gS rks ns[kk tk;sxk ds vxj ;g gqDe fdlh ,sls ekeys ls eqRrkfyd+ gks ftl dks eqvkfou us [+kyhQ+k ds uqDrk, ut+j ds eqrkfcd+ ukfQ+t fd;k gks ;k ;g gqDe fdlh ,sls ekeys ls eqrkfYyd+ gks ftldks eqvkfou us [+kyhQ+k ds gd+ es dj fn;k gks rks bl lwjr esa eqvkfou dh jk, ukfQ+t+ my vey le>h tk,xh D;ksafd ;g njvLy [+kyhQ+k dh jk, Fkh vkSj tks ,gdkekr ukfQ+t+ fd;s x;s ;k tks veoky [k+jp fd;s x;s [+kyhQ+k bl dh rykQ+h ugh dj ldrk vxj ftl ekeys dks eqvkfou us fuiVk;k gks ml dk rvkYyqd+ mu mewj ds vykok fdlh vkSj pht ds lkFk gks elyu fdlh dks okyh eqdjZj djuk ;k QkSt r;kj djuk rks bl lwjr esa [+kyhQ+k bldh eq[+kkfyQ+r dj ldrk gSA bl lwjr esa [+kyhQ+k gh dh jk; ukfQ+t+ gksxh vkSj eqvkfou dk QS+lyk Qq+t+wy le>k tk;sxk D;kasafd ;g vey vxj [+kqn [+kyhQ+k ls Hkh lkfnj gq;s gkas rks rc Hkh og mudk rnkjqd dj ldrk gSA fygkt+k vius eqvkfou ds QS+lyksa dh rykQ+h dj ldrk gS A

nQ+k ua- 47 % eqvkfous rQ+ohn+ dks fdlh [+kkl edges ;k fdlh [k+kl dke ds lkFk e[k+lwl ugh fd;k tk;sxk D;ksafd bldh ft+Eesnkjh vke gsA bl rjg og cjk;sjkLrk barst+keh veokj dks lj vatke ugh ns ldrkA cfYd barst+keh <k+¡ps ij bldh vke fuxjkuh gksrh gS A

eqvkfou , ruQht+%

nQ+k ua- 48 % [+kyhQ+k ruQ+ht+ ds fy;s ,d eqvkfou eqdjZj djsxk bldk dke barst+keh veokj ls

163

eqrkfYyd gksrk gS] uk ds gqDejkuh ls eqrkfYyd blds n¶rj dk dke [+kyhQ+k dh tkfuc ls nk[k+yh vkSj [kkjt+h veokj ls eqrkfYyd+ lkfnj gksus okys vgdkekr dk fuQ+kt+ gS bl rjg bu et+dwjk veokj dks [+kyhQ+k rd igaqpkuk gSA xks;k ;g [+kyhQ+k vkSj nwljksa ds njfe;ku oklrk gSA [+kyhQ+k dh rjQ iSx+ke ys tkrk gS vkSj [+kyhQ+k dh rjQ+ ls iSx+ke ykrk gS A

nQ+k ua- 49 % eqvkfou ruQ+ht dk eqlyeku gksuk ’krZ gS D;k Hkh og [+kyhQ+k dk uqekbUnk gS

nQ+k ua- 50 % eqvkfous ruQht+ cjk;sjkLrk [+kyhQ+k ds lkFk gksrk gS ftl rjg ds ekosu rQ+ohn gksrk gS ;g flQZ rudht+ esa eqvkfou ls gqDe esa ugh A

vehj , ftgkn (

nQ+k ua- 51 % vehjs ftgkn dk egdek pkj nQkfrj ij eq’krehy gksrk gSA vkSj og ;g gS [kkjth gjch ¼taxh½ nk[k+yh veu vkSj luvrA vehj ftgkn gh mudk fuxjku vkSj ljcjkg gksrk gS A

nQ+k ua- 52 % nQrjs [k+kjth ¼egsdek [kkjth½ [kkjth veokj ls eqrkfYyd+ bu ekeykr dk ftEesnkj gksrk gS A ftu dk rkvkYyqd nwljs eqekfyd ls gSA pkgs ;g ekeykr dqN Hkh gks A

nQ+k ua- 53 % gjch n¶rj ¼egdek Department½ eqlYyk vQokt îqfyl*] vlckc vks t+jk;s egekr vkSj lkt+ks lkeku oxSjg dk ftEesnkj gksrk gS bl rjg vldjh

164

dkyst] deh’ku vkSj QkSt dh bLykeh rjch;r vkSj vke rjch;r tax ;k taxh r;kjh ls eqrkfYyd+ gj dke dh ft+Eesnkjh Hkh gjch n¶rj ds flj gS A

nQ+k ua- 54 % nk[k+yh veu dk n¶rj ¼egsdek Department½ og n¶rj gS tks veuks veku ls eqrkfYyd+ gj pht+ dk ft+Eesnkj gSA ;g fj;klr esa eqlYyk vQokt ds t+fj;s veu o veku d+k;e j[ksxkA vkSj iqfyl dks mu dh fgQ+kt+r ds fy;s cqfu;knh gSfl;r gkfly gksxhA

nQ+k ua- 55 % luvr dk egdek ¼n¶rj½ ;g og egsdek gS tks luvr ls eqrkfYyd+ reke veokj dk ft+Eesnkj gS pkgs bldk rkvYyqd Hkkjh luvr ls gks tSls batu vkSj nwljs vkykr xkfM+;ksa ds <+kaps bysDVªkfud vkykr vkSj nwljs vf’k;k dh luvr ;k gYdh ¼NksVh½ luvr gksA og dkj[+kkus pkgs vke feyfd;r ds gksa A ;k buQsjknh feyfd;r ds ftu dk gjch ¼taxh½ luvr ls rkvkYyqd gks reke dkj[+kkus taxh ikfylh dh cqfu;kn ij gksus pkfg;s A

QkSt (

nQ+k ua- 56 % ftgkn eqlyekuksa ij QkSt gS A paqukps QkSth rjch;r ykt+eh gS A fygkt+k eqlyeku enZ inzkg lky dh mez dks igaqps rks ml ij ftgkn dh r;kjh ds fy;s QkSth rjch;r Qt+Z gSA tgka rd QkSt esa HkrhZ gksus dk rkvkYyqd gS rks og Q+Zts fdQk;k gS A

nQ+k ua- 57 % QkSt dh nks vd+lke gaS A ,d vgrh;krh QkSt bl ls eqjkn oks reke eqlyeku gS tks vlykg mBk ldrs gS A nwljh nkbeh QkSt gS nkbeh

165

QkSt dh ru[+kqvk gh nwljs eqykts+sehu dh rjg j;klrh ctV ls nh tkrh gS A

nQ+k ua- 58 % reke eqlYykg d+qOorsa ,d gh d+q+Oor ;k QkSt gSa A fQ+j bl esa ls ,d e[+klwl rut+he cukb tkrh gS vkSj mldks eqrk;;u l[+kkor (Culture) nh tkrh gS] mls iqfyl dgk tkrk gS A

nQ+k ua- 59 % ut+e vks uLd+ (Public Order) dks iqfyl ds lqi:n fd;k tkrk gS bl rjg nk[khyh ¼vun:uh½ veuks veku vkSj reke barst+keh mewj dh fuxjkuh Hkh iqfyl dh ft+Eesnkjh gS A

nQ+k ua- 60 % QkSt ds fy;s czxsM ¼Banner½ vksj >aMs ¼Flag½ cuk;s tk;sxsA j;klr dk ljcjkg ¼[k+yhQ+k½ gh ftl dks QkSt dk ljcjkg cuk;s] og fczxsM ¼Banner½ ml ds gokys djsxkA vkSj >aMs+ ¼ Flag½ foyk;k ds ljcjkg iS’k djsxks A

nQ+k ua- 61 % [+kyhQ+k QkSt dk Hkh d+kf;n gksrk gS vkSj ogh QkSt ds fy;s dekaMj bu phQ+ dk rDd:j Hkh djrk gSA gj fczxsM dk vehj Hkh ogh eqr;;u djrk gSA vkSj gj nLrs dk dk;n eDdkj djrk gSA QkSt dh ckd+h rjrhc blds dk;snhu vkSj fczxsfM;j djrs gSA tgka rd ckdh dekaMjksa dk rkvkYyqd gS rks mudk rd+Zjqj taxh rjch;r ¼l[kkor Culture ½ dh cqfu;kn ij gksxk vkSj mUgsa dekaMj bu phQ eqd+Zjj djsxk A

nQ+k ua- 62 % iwjh QkSt dks ,d gh QkSt cuk;k tkrk gS vkSj bldks eq[+rfyQ Nkofu;ksa esa j[kk tkrk gS A ;g Nkofu;ka eq[+rfyQ lwcksa esa gksrh gSa A ckt+ dqN taxh fgders veyh ds eqdkekr ij Hkh gksrh

166

gSA bl rjg ckt+ Nkofu;ksa dks ges’kk ds fy;s x’rh Nkouha cuk;k tkrk gSA tgka fd QkSt ges’kk udykss gjdr djrh jgrh gS vkSj gesa’kk taxh gkyr es jgrh gS A bu Nkofu;ksa dks dbZ ,d etewvksa esa equT+t+e fd;k tkrk gS A fQj gj ekt+ewvs dk ,d [kkl QkSth uke j[kk tkrk gS A vkSj bl dk ,d [kkl uecj gksrk gS tSls nLrk ua- 1 nLrk ua- 2] nLrk ua- 3] ox+Sjk ;k fdlh foyk;k ¼lwcs½ vkSj vekys ds uke ds lkFk mls ekSlwe fd;k tkrk gSc A

nQ+k ua- 63 % QkSt ds fy;s gj eqedhu vkyk e;kj dh vLdkjh rkyhe gksuh pkfg, vkSj gRrqybedku bldks fQdjh rkSj ij caqyn djuk t:jh gSA gj QkSt dks bLykeh l[+kkor ls csgjkoj fd;k tkuk pkfg;sA rkfd bl ds vUnj bLykeh csnkjh gks] [kog ;g vtekyh ’kDy gh esa D;ksa u gks A

nQ+k ua- 64 % ;g vEj burhgkbZ t+:jh gS ds gj Nkouh esa dkQh fed+nkj esa ,sls dekaMj gksa tks QkSth vkSj taxh meqj ds ekfgj gksa A tks taxh eulwck canh vkSj ekjdksa ds ckjs esa egkjr j[krs gksA bl fdLe ds dekaMjksa dk ruklqc QkSt esa eqefdu gn rd T;knk ls T;knk gksuk pkfg, A

nQ+k ua- 65 % QkSt ds ikl nkfQj fed+nkj esa vLykg] vkykr] t+:jh lkt+kss lkeku vkSj yokt+ekr dk gksuk barsgkbZ t+:jh gS rkfd ,d bLykeh QkSt ds rkSj ij blds Qjht+s dh vnk,xh esa ;g phtsa+ blds fy;s eqvkfou lkfcr gkas A

dt+k (

167

nQ+k ua- 66 % dt+k bl gqDes ’kjkbZ ds ckjs esa [k+cj nsus dks dgrs gS ftl dk ekuuk ykt+eh gSA dt+k ds t+fj;s yksxk ds ckgeh >xM+ksa dk QS+lyk fd;k tkrk gSA nwljs yQ+t+ksa esa mu pht+ksa dk lncko fd;k tkrk gS tks tekr ¼eqvk’kjs½ ds gd+ esa uqdlku nsg gSA ;k ;wa dguk pkfg;s ds fj;k;k vkSj gqdejkuks ds njfe;ku ik;s tkus okys fdlh Hkh rukts+ dks nqj fd;k tkrk gS ftl QZn ds ckjs esa QSlyk fd;k tk jgk gSA pkgs og gkdhe gks ;k [+kyhQ+k] eqykft+e gks ;k dksbZ vkSj A

nQ+k ua- 67 % [+kyhQ+k fdlh ,sls ’k[+l dks dkt+h vy dt+k ds eqDdj djrk gS tks enZ vkfdy ckfyx] vkt+kn] vkfny vkSj eqlyeku gks vkSj og Q+dhg Hkh gks fQj barst+keh dokuhu ds vUnj jgrs gq, nwljs d+kft+;ksa dks eqd+jj djuk] mUgsa vknkc fl[kkuk vkSj mUgsa ekt+y djuk d+kt+h vy d++t+k dk dke gSA tgka rd egdek, d+t+k ds nwljs eqykts+ehu dk rvkYyqd gS rks ;g vnkyrksa ds bnkjs ds ljcjkg dk dke gS ds og muds eqvkeykr dh fuxjkuh djs A

nQ+k ua- 68 % dkft+;ksa dh rhu vdlku gS &

1. og dkt+h tks yksxksa ds nfjE;ku ekeykr vkSj mdwckr ls erkfyd+ >xM+ksa dk QS+lyk djrk gS A

2- eqgrflc bldk dke bu b[+kfrykQ+kr dk QSlyk djuk gksrk gS tks tevkr ¼eqvk’kjs½ dks uqd+lku igaqpkrh gS

168

3. d+kt+h my et+kfye bldk dke voke vkSj gqdwer ds nfjE;ku iSnk gksus okys ruft+;kr dk QSlyk djuk gS A

nQ+k ua- 69 % ftl ’k[+l dk d+t+k dh ftEesnkjh lkSaih tk, mlds fy;s ’krZ gS fd%

1 eqyleku]

2 vktkn]

3 ckfyx+]

4 vkfd+y]

5 vkfny]

6 Q+dhg vkSj

7 gkykr ls eqrkfyd bLykeh ,gdkekr dk bnjkd djus okyk gks]

d+kt+h my eykft+e ds fy, bu ’kjkbr ds vykok nks vkSj ’kjkbr Hkh gSa vkSj og ;g fd d+kt+h my et+kfye enZ vkSj etrfgn Hkh gks A

nQ+k ua- 70 % ;g ckr tkbt+ gS fd d+kt+h vkSj eqgrflc dks gj bykd+s esa reke QS+lys djus dh ftEesnkjh lkSaih tk, vkSj ;g Hkh tkbt+ gS fd fdlh [+kkl bykds esa [+kkl fdLe ds QS+lys djus dh ftEesnkjh muds gokys dh tk, gk¡ d+kt+h myet+kfye dh ftEesnkjh QS+lyksa ds ,rckj ls ges’kk vke gksxh vycÙkk bykds ds fygkt+ ls mls iwjh fj;klr dh ftEesnkjh Hkh nh tk ldrh gS vkSj fdlh [+kkl bykds dh Hkh A

169

nQ+k ua- 71 % vnkyr flQZ+ ,d ,sls d+kt+h ij eq’krkey gksxh ftls eqdnekr ds QS+lys dk b[+kfr;kj gksxk] bl ds lkFk nwljs d+kt+h Hkh gks ldrs gS] ysfdu mUgsa QSlys dk b[+kfr;kj gkfly ugh gksxk] cfYd flQZ+ e’kojk vkSj jk; nsus dk b[+kfr;kj gksxk] mudh jk; ij pyuk Hkh d+kt+h ds fy;s t:jh ugha A

nQ+k ua- 72 % d+kth+ ds fy;s etfyls d+t+k ds vykok dgha vksj QS+lyk djuk tkbt+ ugh vkSj Xokgh vksj d+le Hkh ogha eksrkfcj gksxh tks etfyls d+t+k esa nh xbZ gS A

nQ+k ua- 73 % QS+lyksa dh uksb;kr dh equkflcr ls vnkyrksa ds njktkr Hkh eq[+krfyQ gks ldrs gS] pqukaps ckt+ dkft+;ksa dks ,d gn rd dqN [+kkl QSlyksa ds fy;s e[+klwl fd;k tk ldrk gS A buds vykok nwljs mewj dks nwljh vnkyrksa ds lqiqnZ fd;k tk ldrk gS A

nQ+k ua- 74 % vihy dksVZ ls’ku dksVZ dk dksbZ oqtwn ugh fdlh ed+neksa dk QS+lyk ,d gh erZck vkSj vVy gksrk gS tc d+kt+h fdlh QSlys dk ,syku djs rks og mlh oD+r ukfQ+tq+yvey gks tkrk gS] fdlh Hkh nwljs d+kt++h dk QS+lyk bl QS+lys dks [+kre ugh dj ldrk A

nQ+k ua- 75 % eqgrflac og d+kt+h gksrk gS tks gqdwd+s vkek ls eqrkfyd+ ,sls reke eqdnekr ij ut+j j[krk gS A ftu esa eqn~nbZ u gks] c’krZ ds og gqnwn vkSj tuk;kr esa nkf[+ky u gks A

nQ+k ua- 76 % eqgrkflac dks tSls gh fdlh okfd+; dk bYe gks rks og QkSju mlds ckjs esa gqdwe lkfnj

170

dj ldrk gS pkgs fdlh Hkh txg gks mlds fy, QS+lyk etfyls d+t+k esa djus dh t+:jr ugh] mlds ,gdkekr dks ukfQ+t+ djus ds fy;s mlds ekfrfgr iqfyl ds vQ+jkn gksxs vksj mldk gqDe Qksjh rkSj ij ukfQ+t+ vyvey gksxk A

nQ+k ua- 77 % eqgrflc vius fy;s ,sls uk;c equrf[k+c dj ldrk gS ftuds vUnj eqgrkflc dh ’kjkbr ikbZ tkrh gks] og mUgsa eq[+krkfyQ+ bykdksa esa QSyk nsxk] bu uk,chu dks vius vius bykdksa ;k egYyksa esa ftu mewj ds Q+Slys muds lqiqnZ fd;s x;s gS muesa egrflc ds Q+jhts+ dks ljvutke nsus dk eqdfEey b[+kfr;kj gkfly gksrk gS A

nQ+k ua- 78 % d+kt+h myet+kfye og d+kt+h gksrk gS ftldk rd+Zjj fj;klr ds ts+j lk;k fta+nxh xqt+kjus okys gj ’k[+l ij gksus okys t+qYe dk rnk:d djus ds fy, gksrk gS [+kokg og ’k[+l fj;klr dh fj;k;k esa ls gks ;k uk gksa fQj tqYe pkgs fj;klr ds ljcjkg dh rjQ+ ls gks ;k mlds vykok fdlh vkSj gkfde ;k eqykft+e dh tkfuc ls A

nQ+k ua- 79 % [+kyhQ+k ;k d+kt+h myd+t+k d+kt+h myeqt+kfye dk rdqZjj djsxk tgka rd d+kt+h myet+kye ds eqgklos mldh xks’kqekyh ;k mls gVkus dk rkmYyqd+ gS rks [+kyhQ+k ;k egderqy et+kfye ¼c’kZr fd [+kyhQ+k mls b[kfr;kj ns ns½ dh rjQ ls gksxk] ysfdu tc og [+kyhQ+k eqvkfous rQohn+ ;k d+kt+hmy d+t+k ds t+qYe ij xksj dj jgk gks rks mld oD+r mls lqcqdnks’k djuk nq:Lr ugh A

171

nQ+k ua- 80 % d+kt+h vyetkfye fdlh ,d ;k pan viQjkn ij equgkflj ugh cfYd fj;klr dk ljojkg et+fye dks [+kRe djus ds fy;s gLc t+:jr ftruh rknkn eqdZjj djuk pkfg, dj ldrk gS ysfdu cjkgjkLr QS+lys ds nkSjku flQZ ,d d+kt+h dks QS+lys dk b[+kfr;kj gksxk] QS+lys dh etkfyl esa cgqr lkjs d+kt+h my et+fkye dk cSBuk tkbt+ gS] ysfdu mUgsa flQZ+ e’kojs dk b[+kfr;kj gksxk bl ¼QS+lyk djus okys d+kt+h½ ds fy, mu dh jk;s ij vey djuk Hkh ykt+eh ugh A

nQ+k ua- 81 % egderqy et+kfye dks fj;klr ds fdlh Hkh gkfde ;k eqykft+e dks ektwy djus dk gd+ gkfly gS tSlk fd mldks ljcjkgs fj;klr dks gVkus dk gd+ Hkh gkfly gSA

nQ+k ua- 82 % egdrqy et+kfye fdlh Hkh fdLe ds tq+Ye ij ut+j j[kus dk b[+kfr;kj j[krk gS [+kokg ;g t+q+Ye fj;klrh <kaps ds vQ+jkn ls eqrkbfYyd+ gks ;k [+kyhQ+k dh tkfuc ls bgdkesa ’kjk dh eq[k+fyQ+r ds gokys ls gks ;k [+kyhQ+k dks rcUuh fd;s gq, nLrwj d+kuwu ;k nwljs ’kjkbZ ,gdkekr ds rb;qu ds flyflys esa fdlh uls ’kjkbZ dh eq[+kkfyQ+r gks ;k fQj mldk rkmYyqd+ VSDl ds ¼fuQ+kt+½ oxSjk ls gks A

nQ+k ua- 83 % d+t+k et+kfye esa u rks etfyls d+t+k dh ’krZ gS vkSj uk gh en~nsbZbyS dks cqykus ;k fdlh en~nbZ dh ekStwnxh ’krZ gS cfYd d+t+k et+kfye dks tq+Ye ij ut+j j[kus dk gd+ gS [+kokg dksbZ Hkh nkok u djs A

172

nQ+k ua- 84 % gj bUlku dks >xM+s ¼[k+qlwer½ vkSj nQ+k nksuksa lwjrksa esa fdlh dks viuk odhy cukus dk gd+ gS [+kokg og ¼odhy½ eqlyeku gks ;k xS+j eqfLye] enZ gks ;k vkSjr bl lwjr esa odhy vkSj eksofDdy esa dksbZ Q+dZ ugh gksxk odhy ds fy, viuh fodkyr dh mtjr ysuk tkbZt+ gS mtjr nksuksa ¼odhy vkSj ekSDdy½ dh jt+keanh ls eqd+jZj gksxh A

nQ+k ua- 85 % gj og ’k[+l tks [+kkl vkeky dks vUtke nsus dk b[+kfr;kj j[krk gks elyu olh ¼fuxjka½ vkSj oyh dk ¼ljijLr½ ;k mlds ikl vkekys vkEek dh vutke nsgh dk b[+kfr;kj gks tSls [+kyhQ+k dk eqd+Zjj djnk ljcjkg] gkfde] eqykft+e] d+kt+h my eqt+kfye vkSj eksgrflc rks og vius b[+krs;kjkr esa viuh rjQ ls nQk ;k >xMs+ ¼[+kqlwer½ ds fy, fdlh dks viuk odhy cuk ldrk gS] ;g fodkyr Hkh olh] ;k [+kyhQ+k ;k gkfde ;k eqykft+e ;k d+kt+h my et+kfye vkSj eksgrflc ds ,rckj ls gksxhA bl ls dksb Qd+Z ugh iM+rk fd og en~nbZ gks ;k eqn~nbZvyS A

vy oqyk% xoZuj

nQ+k ua- 86 % mu bykd+ksa dks tks bLyke fj;klr ds ts+j uxha gS dbZ ,d bdkb;ksa esa rd+lhe fd;k tkrk gS vkSj gj bdkbZ dks oyk;k dgk tkrk gS A fQj oyk;k dks dbZ bdkbZvksa esa rd+lhe fd;k tkrk gS vkSj gj bdkbZ dks vekyk dgk tkrk gSA fQj oyk;k dk tks ftEesnkj gksrk gS mls okyh vkSj veyk ds ljcjkg dks vkfey ;k gkfde dgk tkrk gS A

173

nQ+k ua- 87 % okfy;ksa dk rdZ:j [+kyhQ+k djrk gS veky dk rdZ:j [+kyhQ+k vkSj okyh nksuksa dj ldrs gS] c’krZ fd ;g dke okfy;ksa ds gokys fd;k tk, okfy;ksa vkSj vkfeyksa ds fys; ogh ’kjkbr gSa tks eqvkouhu ds fy, gS] pqukaps mudk eqlyeku vkfd+y] ckfyx+] vkt+kn] vkfny vkSj enZ gksuk ykt+eh gS tks dke muds gokys fd;s x, gS muls vgnscjk gksus dh Hkh ’krZ gS] mu yksxksa dk bufr[+kkc rd+ok vkSj d+qOor dh cqfu;kn ij gksxk A

nQ+k ua- 88 % okyh dks viuh oyk;k esa [+kyhQ+k ds uk;c dh gSfl;r ls nQ+kfrj ds reke dkeksa esa gqdejkuh vksj fuxjkuh dk b[+kfr;kj gkfly gksrk gS xks ds okyh dks viuh foyk;k esa og reke b[+kfr;kjkr gkfly gS tks eqvkouhu dks fj;klr esa gkfly gS ;kuh og viuh foyk;k dk vehj gS] ekfy;krs d+t+k vkSj QkSt dks NksM+dj gj pht+ ij mldh fuxjkuh gksxh rkge iqfyl crkSj ruQht+ mlds ekfrfgr gksxh u fd crkSj bnkj A

nQ+k ua- 89 % okyh viuh vekjkr ls erkvfYyd+k mewj ds ckjs esa ftu QSlyksa ;k ,gdkekr ij nLr[k+r djs] muds ckjs esa [+kyhQ+k dks eqfRryk djus dk ikcUn ugh gSA b[+kfr;kjh rksj ij mls ck[+kcj dj ldrk gSA vycRrk tc dksbZ u;k elyk njis’k gks rks [+kyhQ+k ds bYe esa yk, cx+Sj mldk QSlyk djusdk etkt+ ugh A ysfdu vxj rk[+khj dh lwjr esa fdlh ekeys ds fcxM+ tkus dk [krjk gks rks bl ekeys dks r; dj ns fQj [+kyhQ++k dks ykt+eh rkSj ij vkxkg dj

174

ns vkSj og vlckc Hkh crk, ftu dh otg ls [+kyhQ+k dks bl elys ds ckjs esa c[k+cj ugh dj ldk A

nQ+k ua- 90 % gj foyk;k ds vUnj bgys foyk;k esa ls ,d equrf[+kc desVh ¼etfyl½ gksxh ftldk ljcjkg [kqn okyh gksxkA bl desVh dks bufrt+keh ekeykr ls eqrkbfYyd+ jk;s ds bt+gkj dk b[+kfr;kj gksxk u fd gqdwerh ekeykr ls eqRrkfYyd+] uht+ okyh ds fy, bldh jk; ij vey djuk Hkh ykt+eh ugh A

nQ+k ua- 91 % ,d foyk;k ij ,d gh ’k[+l dk eqn~nr njkt+ rd okyh ds rkSj ij f[+knekr ljvatke nsuk equkflc ugha] [k+kl rkSj ij tc fdlh ,d foyk;k esa og eqjZtk ¼ejd+t+h ’k[+kfl;r½ cu tk, ;k mldh otg ls yksxksa ds fQrus esa iM+us dk [+krjk gks A

nQ+k ua- 92 % okyh dks ,d foyk;k ls nwljh foyk;k esa rCnhy ugha fd;k tk,xk D;wafd mldh foyk;r vke vkSj egnwn txg ds fy, gS gkaa bls ektwy djds fQj nksckjk okyh eqdZjj fd;k tk ldrk gS A

nQ+k ua- 93 % tc [+kyhQ+k okyh dks ektwy djuk equkflc le>s mls ektwy dj ldrk gS] ;k fQj etfyls ’kwjk fdlh lcc ds ;k cx+Sj fdlh lcc ds mls bl ij vne ,rekn dk bt+gkj djs ;k ,gys foyk;k dh vDlfj;r mlls ukjkt+h dk bt+gkj djs] rks mls ektw++y fd;k tk,xk A vkSj mls flQ+Z [+kyhQ+k gh ektw++y dj ldrk gS A

nQ+k ua- 94 % [+kyhQ+k dk QtZ+ gS fd og okfy;ksa ds vkeky ij ut+j j[ks vkSj mudh dM+h fuxjkuh djs] mu ij ut+j j[kus ds fy;s vius uk;c eqdZjj djs] muds ckjs esa cjkcj rQ+rh’k djrk jgs] oD+ru

175

Q+od+ru reke okfy;ksa dk ,d lkFk ;k vyx vyx btykl cqykrk jgs vkSj okfy;ksa ds ckjs esa fj;k;k dh f’kdk;rksa ls mUgsa ck[k+cj djsa A

bUrst+keh <ka¡pk%

nQ+k uEcj 95 & fj;klrh mewj dks pykus vkSj yksxksa ds eQknkr dk rgk¶Qqt+ djus ds fy;s nQkfrj vkSj egdes gksrs gSa ftu dh ft+Eesnkjh fj;klr ds elkby dks gy djuk vkSj yksxksa dh t+:fj;kr iwjh djuk gS A

nQ+k uEcj 96 & eQknkr dk bnkj,s nQkfrj vkSj edges fut+ke esa lknxh] ft+Eesnkfj;ksa dks tYnh fuHkkus vkSj vgfy;r dh ikWfylh dh cqfu;kn ij d+k;e gksaxs A

nQ+k uEcj 97 & gj ml 'kgjh dks ftl ds vUnj vgfy;r gks [okg og enZ gks ;k vkSjr] eqLyeku gks ;k x+Sj eqfLye] fdlh eQkn ;k fdlh bnkjs dk ljcjkg eqD+djj fd;k tk ldrk gS vkSj og bl bnkjs esa eqykft+e gks ldrk gS A

nQ+k uEcj 98 & gj eLysgr ¼eQkn½ ds fy;s ,d vke fuxjku eqD+djj fd;k tk,xk vkSj gj nQrj vkSj edges ds fy;s ,d ,slk fuxjku eqD+djj fd;k tk;sxk tks bl dk ftEesnkj gksxk vkSj og cjkgsjkLr ml ds ckjs esa elmy gksxk A ;g fuxjkus vkyk burst+kfe;k vius nQrj ;k vius edges ds ljcjkg ds lkeus vius vEy ds flyflys esa tokcng gksaxs A blh rjg ;g okyh vkSj vkfey ds :c: vke bUrst+keh vgdkekr dh ikcUnh ds fygkt+ ls Hkh tokcnsg gksaxs A

176

nQ+k uEcj 99 & elkysg ¼eQknkr ds bnkjs½] nQkfrj vkSj egdeksa ds ljcjkg flQZ fdlh burst+keh lcc gh ls ekvt+wy fd;s tk ldsxsaA gka ! mUgsa ,d dke ls Qkfjx+ djds nwljs dke ij yxkuk tkbt+ gS A mUgsa fdlh dke ls jksduk Hkh tkbt+ gSA mu dk rd+:j] mu dh rcnhyh] mUgsa dke ls jksduk] mu dh xkS f’kekyh djuk vkSj mUgsa lqcqdnks’k djuk mu ds bnkjs ;k mu ds nQkfrj ds vkyk bUrst+keh ljcjkg ¼eqUrft+es vkvyk½ dk dke gS A

nQ+k uEcj 100 % ljcjkgksa ds flok tks eqykt+ehu gSa] mu dk rd+:j] mu dh rcnhyh] mUgsa dke ls jksduk] mu dh bLykg vkSj mUgsa gVkus dh ft+Eesnkjh mu ds bnkjs ;k nQkfrj ds eqUrft+es vkyk ds lj ij gS A

etfyl , mEer%

nQ+k uEcj 101 : og vQjkn tks jk; ds fygkt+ ls eqlyekuksa dh uqekbUnxh djrs gSa vkSj ftu dh rjQ [kyhQk :tq djrk gS mUgs etfyls mEer dgk tkrk gSA gqDejkuksa ds et+kfye dh f’kdk;r ;k bLykeh vgdkekr dks xyr rjhds ls ukfQt+ djus ij f’kdos dh xt+Z ls x+Sj eqfLye Hkh etfyls mEer esa gks ldrs gSa A

nQ+k uEcj 102 : etfyls mEer ds vjkdhu dk pquko bUrs[k+kc ds t+fj;s gksxk A

177

nQ+k uEcj 103 :gj vkfd+y o ckfyx+ bUlku dks] tks fj;klr dk 'kgjh gks] etfyls mEer dk :Du cuus dk gd+ gkfly gS A [okg enZ gks ;k vkSjr] eqLyeku gks ;k dkfQj] vycRrk x+Sj eqfLye :Du dk e’kojk gqDdke ds et+kfye ;k bLykeh vgdkekr dh x+yr rjhds ij ruQ+hn dh f’kdk;r rd egnwn gksxk A

nQ+k uEcj 104 % 'kwjk dk eryc gS erkfYyd+ vUnkt+ esa jk; ysuk vkSj e’kojk ,slh jk; ysu ftl dk b[+rs;kj djuk ykft+e gksA d+kuwulkt+h d+okuhu dh rkjhQ] fQdjh mewj tSls gd+bZd+ ls inkZ mBkuk vkSj Quh vkSj lkbUlh mewj e’kojs es nkf[k+y ughaA ml ds vykok nwljh vkjk e’kojs esa nkf[k+y gSa A

nQ+k uEcj 105 % 'kwjk flQZ eqLyekuksa dk gd+ gSA bl esa x+Sj eqfLyeksa dks dksbZ gd+ ughaA ysfdu bt+gkjs jk; dk gd+ fjvk;k ds reke vQjknksa [okg eqfLye gksa ;k x+Sj eqfLye] lc dks gkfly gS A

nQ+k uEcj 106 % og elkbZy tks 'kwjk ds rgr vkrs gSa vkSj ftu dh uksbZ;r e’kojs dh gks] mu esa vDlfj;r dh jkW; dks bf[+r;kj fd;k tk;sxk d+rkv ut+j ml ds ds og nq:Lr gS ;k xyrA og mewj tks e’kojs ds rgr gSa mu esa ns[kk tk;sxk ds nq:Lr D;k gSa \ bl ckr dks ut+j vUnkt+ dj fn;k tk;sxk ds ;g vDlfj;r dh jkW; gS ;k vfDy;r dh A

nQ+k uEcj 107 % etfyls mEer dks pkj bf[+r;kjkr gkfly gksaxs A

1 a½ % gj oks eksvkeyk] ftl dk rkvYyqd+ mu mewjs nkf[kfy;k ls gks ftu ij y¶t+ e’kojkg

178

dk bRrsykd+ gksrk gS rks ml esa etfyls mEer dh jk; yh tk;sxhA tSls gdwerh eksvkeykr] rkyhe] lgr vkSj bd+rslkn ls eqrkfYyd+k eksvkeykr oxSjgA mu esa etfyls mEer dh jk; dks bf[rs;kj fd;k tk;sxkA gj oks eksvkeyk] ftl dk rkvYyqd+ mu mewj ls u gks] ftl ij xyr e’kojs dk bfUrckd+ gksrk gks] mu esa etfyls mEer dh jk; dks bf[+rs;kj djuk ykt+eh ughaA pqukUps [k+kjtk fj;klr ekfy;kr vkSj QkSt ds ckjs esa t+:jh ugha ds etfyls mEer dh jk; yh tk;s A

b½ % etfyls mEer dks reke eksvkeykr esa fj;klr ds eksgklcs dk gd+ gkfly gSA [okg mu mewj dk rkvYyqd+ [kkjstk ls gks ;k ;g nkf[kyh mewj gksa] ;k ekfy;kr vkSj QkSt ls eqrkfYyd+ gksaA bl flyflys esa vxj mldh jk; f[kykQs 'kjk u gks rks ml jk; dks bf[+r;kj djuk ykft+eh gksxkA vxj fdlh vEy ds 'kjb igyw vkSj 'kjb gSfl;r ds ckjs esa etfyls mEer vkSj gqDejkuksa ds ekcsu bf[rykQ gks rks ml ds fy;s eksgdesrqy et+kfye dh rjQ :tq fd;k tk;sxk A

2 % etfyls mEer okfy;ksa vkSj eksvkosuhu ds ckjs esa ukilUnhnxh ¼vn~es ,srekn½ dk bt+gkj dj ldrh gSA mldh jk; ij vEy djuk t+:jh gksxk vkSj [kyhQk dks pkfg;s ds oks QkSju mu yksxksa dks ekvt+wy dj ns A

3 % [kyhQ;s nLrwj vkSj d+okuhu ds fy;s ftu vgdkekr dh rcUuh dk bjknk djs rks mls

179

pkfg;s ds mu vgdkekr dks etfyls mEer ds lkeus j[ksA etfyls mEer ds vjkdhu dks mu ds ckjs esa cgl eqckfgls vkSj bt+gkjs jk; dk gd+ gkfly gS A vycRrk [kyhQk ds fy;s mudh jk; ij vEy djuk ykt+eh ugha A

4 % etfyls mEer ds eqlyeku vjkdhu dks mEehnokjkus f[kykQr dh rkvnkn eqrkv;;u djus dk gd+ gkfly gS A

ekv’kjrh fut+ke%

nQ+k uEcj 108 % cqfu;knh rkSj ij vkSjr ek¡ gS vkSj ?kj dh ft+Eesnkj gSA og ,d ,slh vkc: ¼vLer½ gSA ftldh fgQkt+r Qt+Z gS A

nQk uEcj 109 % mlwy ;s gS ds enZ vkSj vkSjr vyx vyx gksa ;k fdlh ,slh ¼’kjb½ t+:jr ds fy;s bdB~Bs gks ldrs gSaA ftl dh 'kjh;r us btkt+r nh gks] elyu frtkjr ds fy;s ;k ftl ¼’kjb t+:jr½ ds fy;s btfrekv ukxqt+Sj gks] elyu gt A

nQ++k uEcj 110 % vkSjr ds Hkh ogh gd+wd+ gSa tks enZ ds gS] flok; muds tks bLyke us mlds lkFk [kkl fd;s gSA vkSjr ds Hkh ogh Qjkbt+ gSaA tks enZ ds gSaA blh rjg enZ ds Hkh dqN [kkl Qjkbt+ gSa tks 'kjv;h nykby ls lkfcr gSA pqukUps vkSjr dks frtkjr] t+jkvr vkSj lUvr dk gd+ gkfkly gSA oks Åd+wn vkSj eksvkeykr dh fuxjkuh dj ldrh gSA mls gj fd+Le dh feyfd;r dk Hkh gd+ gkfly gSa vius vEoky dks [kqn ;k fdlh ds t+fj;s ls c<+k ¼uq’kqouqek dj½ ldrh gSA ft+Unxh ds reke

180

ekvkeykr ¼elkby½ dks [k+qn cjkgsjkLr fuiVk ldrh gS A

nQ+k uEcj 111 % gdwerh vkSgnksa ij vkSjr dk rd+Z:j tkbt+ gSA eksgderqy et+kfye dks NksM+ dj dt+k dh ckd+h ft+Eesnkfj;ka fuHkkuk Hkh mlds fy;s tkbt+ gS vkSjr etfyls mEer ds fy;s vjkdhu equrf[k+c dj ldrh gS vkSj [qkn Hkh ml dh :Du cu ldrh gSA blh rjg [kyhQk ds bUrs[k+kc vkSj mldh cs;r esa Hkh 'kjhd gks ldrh gS A

nQ+k uEcj 112 % vkSjr gqDejku ugha cu ldrhA pqukUps o [kyhQ, eksgderqy et+kfye dk dkt+h] okyh] vkfey vkSj dksbZ ,slk vkSgnk d+cwy ugha dj ldrh tks cjkgs jkLr gqDejkuh esa vkrk gks A

nQ+k uEcj 113 % vkSjr dh ft+Unxh nks nk;jksa esa gSA vke ftUnxh vkSj [kkl ft+UnxhA pqukUps vke ft+Unxh esa og vkSjrksa] egje vkSj x+Sj egjeksa ds lkFk ft+Unxh xqt+kjrh gSA ysfdu ml dh 'krZ ;s gS ls bl lwjr esa ml dk psgjk vkSj gFksfy;ksa ds flok nwljk dksbZ mt+w t+kfgj u gksA bt+gkjs t+hur gks vkSj u csinZxh gksA [kkl ft+Unxh esa vkSjr ds fy;s flQZ vkSjrksa vkSj egkfje ds lkFk ft+Unxh xqt+kjuk tkbt+ gSA bl lwjr esa vtuch enksZa ds lkFk jguk tkbt+ ughaA ft+Unxh xqt+kjus dh bu nksuksa lwjrksa esa og vgdkes 'kjs dh ikcUn gS A

nQ+k uEcj 114 % vkSjr ds fy;s x+Sj egje ds lkFk f[+kyor eeuw gSA blh rjg x+Sjksa ds lkeus bt+gkjs t+hur vkSj vius lrj dks [kksyuk Hkh eeuw gS A

181

nQ+k uEcj 115 % enZ vkSj vkSjr nksuksa dks gj ml dke ls jksdk tk;sxk tks v[+ykd+ ds fy;s [krjukd vkSj ekv’kjs ds Qlkn dk lcc gks vkSj ;s vgdkes 'kfj;k esa ls fdlh gqDes 'kjv;h ds rgr vkrk gksA tSls enksZ esa ik;s tkus okys ftUlh ehyku ls Qk;nk mBkus ds fy;s vkSjrksa ;k cPpksa dks fdjk;s ij j[kukA tSlk ds vkSjr dks gokbZ tgkt+ esa est+cku ¼,;jgksfLVl½ ds rkSj ij j[kuk] vkSj gksVyksa vkSj gs;j Mªsljksa esa yM+fd;ksa ;k [kwc: yM+dksa dks j[kuk oxSjg A

nQ+k uEcj 116 % vt+}kth ft+Unxh brfeuku dh ft+Unxh gksuh pkfg;s vkSj t+kStssu ds njfe;ku fjQkd+r gksuh pkfg;sA 'kkSgj ds vd+oke ¼d+Oor okyk½ gksus dk eryc ¼vkSjr dh½ fuxsgnk’r gS] u ds gkfdfe;r ¼gqDe pykuk½A choh ij 'kkSgj dh brkvr QtZ gSA enZ ij choh ds fy;s gLcs bLrsrkvr uku o uqQd+k Hkh Qt+Z gS A

nQ+k uEcj 117 % ?kj ds dkeksa esa fe;ka choh dks eqdEey rkvoqu djuk pkfg;sA ?kj ls ckgj fd reke dke [k+kfoUn ds ft+Ees gSAA ?kj ds vUn:uh dke gLcs bLrkvr reke vkSjr ds Åij gSaA ftu dkeksa dks djus ij choh d+kfnj u gks rks ml ds fy;s [kkfne eqgS;k djuk [kkfoUn dh ft+Eesnkjh gS A

nQ+k uEcj 118 % NksVs cPpksa dh ijofj’k vkSjr dk Qt+Z Hkh gSA vkSj ml dk gd+ Hkh] [okg og ¼vkSjr½ eqfLye gks ;k x+Sj eqfLyeA tc rd cPps dh ijofj’k dh t+:jr gS] ;s mldh ft+Eesnkjh gSA tc cPps dks mldh t+:jr u jgs rks ns[kk tk;sxk ds nw/k fiykus okyh vkSj oyh nksuksa eqlyeu gS ;k ughaA vxj nksuksa eqlyeku gksa rks NksVs cPps dks bf[r;kj

182

fn;k tk;sxk ds og ftl ds lkFk jguk pkgs jgsA NksVk cPpk pkgs yM+dh gks ;k yM+dk] mlls dksbZ QdZ ugha iM+rkA vxj nw/k fiykus okyh vkSj oyh esa ls dksbZ ,d x+Sj eqfLye gks rks cPps dks bf[rk;kj ugha gksxk cfYd mls eqlyeku ds gokys fd;k tk;sxk A

bd+rslknh fut+ke%

nQ+k uEcj 119 % bd+rslknh ikWfylh ;s gS ds t+:fj;kr dks iwjk djrs oD+r bl pht+ dks ut+j j[kk tk;s ds ftl ij ekvk’kjk d+k;e ¼ekvk’kjs dk nkjksenkj½ gSA pqukUps t+:fj;kr dks iwjk djus ds fy;s bl pht+ dks cqfu;kn cuk;k tk;sxk ftl ij ekvk’kjs dk nkjksenkj gSA

nQ+k uEcj 120 % ¼vLy½ bd+rslknh elys vEoky vkSj equkQs dks fjvk;k ds reke vQjkn ij rd+lhe djuk vkSj fjvk;k dks tn~nks tgn ds t+fj;s bu ¼vEoky½ ls Qk;nk mBkus ds d+kfcy cukuk gS A

nQ+k uEcj 121 % reke vQjkn dks QnZu QnZu reke cqfu;knh t+:fj;kr dks iwjk djus dh t+ekur nsuk ykt+eh gSA mlh rjg gj QnZ dks vkyk esm;kjh ft+Unxh dh t+:fj;kr dks eqefdu gn rd iwjk djus dh t+ekur nsuk Hkh t+:jh gS A

nQ+k uEcj 122 % eky flQZ vYykg rvkyk dh feyfd;r gS] mlh u gh cuh uwm bUlku dks eky esa viuk tku’khu cuk;k gS vkSj mlh vke tku’khuh dh otg ls bUlku dks feyfd;r dk gd+ gkfly gS A vYykg rvkyk gh us QnZ dks bl eky ij d+Ct+s dk bf[+r;kj

183

¼btkt+r½ fn;k A pqukUps bl btkt+r dh otg ls bUlku fcyQs,y eky dk ekfyd cu x;k A

nQ+k uEcj 123 % feyfd;r dh rhu bd+lke gSaA bufQjknh feyfd;r] vkke feyfd;r] fj;klrh feyfd;r A

nQ+k uEcj 124 % bufQjknh feyfd;r ,d 'kjv;h gqDe gS A ml dk rkvYyqd+ ,su ¼vLy½ ;k equQkvr ls gS A ml ¼feyfd;r dk rd+ktk½ gS ds lgkcs eky dks eky ls ;k eky ds vkSt+ ls Qk;nk mBkus dk bf[+r;kj gkfly gks A

nQ+k uEcj 125 % feyfd;rs vkek ls eqjkn tekvr dh rjQ ls eq’krjsdk rkSj ij ,s;u¼vLy½ ls Qk;nk mBkus dh 'kjv;h btkt+r gS A

nQ+k uEcj 126 % gj oks eky] ftl dks [kpZ djuk [k+yhQk vkSj mlds btrsgkn ij ekSdwQ gS] og fj;klr dh feyfd;r gS] elyu VSDlksa] f[k+jkt vkSj tt+;s ds vEoky A

nQ+k uEcj 127 % bufQjknh feyfd;r] [+okg og vEokys eUd+wyk gksa ;k x+Sj eUd+wyk] og bu ikap 'kjb vLckc ds vUnj gSa %

1 vey ¼dke½

2 ehjkl

3 ft+Unxh xqt+kjus ds fy;s eky ls Qk;nk mBkus dh t+:jr

4 fj;klr dh tkfuc ls vius vEoky esa ls fjvk;k dks nsuk

184

5 og vEoky] ftu dks vQjkn fdlh eky ds cnys ;k tn~nkstgn ds cx+Sj gkfly djsaa A

nQ+k uEcj 128 % feyfd;r esa rLl:Q 'kjkv dh btkt+r ij eksd+wQ gS A pkgs ;g rlZ:Q [kpZ ls eqrkvfYyd+ gks ;k feyfd;r dks c<+kus ds gokys ls gksA pqukUps bljkQ ¼Qt+qy[kZphZ½ nkSyr dh jsy isy] dUtwlh] ljek;knkjkuk dEifu;k¡] rkvouh vUtqeusa ¼dksvkWijsfVo lkslk;Vh½ vkSj reke f[kykQs 'kjv eqvkeykr eeuwv gSa A blh rjg lwn] x+cus Qgk’k] Bxh] t+[k+hjkvUnkst+h vkSj tqvk oxSjg lHkh eeuwv gS A

nQ+k uEcj 129 % m’kjh t+ehu og gS tgk¡ ds jgus okys ¼ekfyd½ bl t+ehu ij jgrs gq;s bZeku yk;saA elyu tth+jk, vjc dh ljt+ehuA f[k+jkth t+ehu vjc dks NksM+ dj gj oks t+ehu] tks tax ;k lqyg ds t+fj;s Qrg dh x;h gksA m’kjh t+ehu vkSj ml ls gkfly gksus okyh euQkvr nksuksa vQjkn dh feyfd;r gksrs gSA f[k+jkth t+ehu fj;klr dh feyfd;r gksrh gS vkSj mldk Qk;nk vQjkn dh feyfd;r gksrk gS A 'kjb md+wn ds rgr gj QnZ dks m’kjh t+ehu vkSj f[k+jkth t+ehu dh equQvr rcnhy djus dk gd+ gkfly gS A nwljs vEoky dh rjg ;s ¼t+ehu½ crkSjs ehjkl Hkh equrfd+y gksxh A

nQ+k uEcj 130 % cUtj t+ehu dh vkckndkjh vkSj mlds vkl ikl iRFkj yxkus ¼rsgthj½ ls ml dk ekfyd cuk tk ldrk gS A x+Sj cUtj ¼vkckn½ t+ehu dh feyfd;r flQZ 'kjv;h lcc ;kuh ehjkl] 'kjk ¼[kjhnus½ vkSj ¼fdlh dh rjQ ls½ nsus ¼fgck½ ls gksxh A

185

nQ+k uEcj 131 % tehu [okg f[k+jkth gks ;k m’kjh] mldks fdjk;s ij nsuk eeuwv gS A ftl rjg ds et+kvjkr ¼t+ehu cVkbZ ij nsuk½ eeuwv gS A gk¡! elkd+kr ¼t+ehu dks ikuh nsuk½ eryd+k tkbt+ gS A

nQk uEcj 132 %gj ekfyds t+ehu dks t+ehu ls Qk;nk mBkus ij etcwj fd;k tk;sxkA t+ehu ls Qk;nk mBkus ds fy;s mls fdlh fdLe dh bEnkn dh t+:jr gks rks cSr my eky ls gj eqfEdu rjhds+ ls mldh enn dh tk,xhA gj oks 'kD+l] tks t+ehu ls rhu lky rd dksbZ Qk;nk mBk;s cx+Sj mldks csdkj NksM+ ns] rks ;s t+ehu ml ls ysdj fdlh vkSj dks nh tk;sxh A

nQ+k uEcj 133 % rhu v’;k esa feyfd;r vkEek gS %

1% gj oks pht+ tks tekvr dh t+:jr gks] elyu 'kgj ds eSnku A

2% [k+Re u gksus okyh esvnkfu;r tSls isVªksy A

3% oks vf’;k tks rcvbZ rkSj ij vQjkn ds lkFk e[+lwl ugha gks ldrha] elyu usgjsa A

nQ+k uEcj 134 % dkj[kkuk cgSfl;rs dkj[kkuk bufQjknh feyfd;r gksrk gSA rkge dkj[kkus dk ogh gqDe gS tks mldh iSnkokj dk gSA pqukUps dkj[kkus esa iSnk gksus okyh pht+ bufQjknh beykd esa ls gks rks dkj[kkuk Hkh bufQjknh feyfd;kr esa gksxkA] elyu diM+s dk dkj[kkukA vxj dkj[kkus dh iSnkokj vkSj vke feyfd;r gks rks dkj[kkuk Hkh vkke feyfd;r esa gksxk] tSlk fd yksgs dk dkj[kkuk A

186

nQ+k uEcj 135 % fj;klr ds fy;s ;g tkbt+ ugha ds og bufQjknh feyfd;r dh fdlh pht+ dks vke feyfd;r esa ns nsA D;ksafd vke feyfd;r gksuk eky esa rcbZ ckr gS vkSj ;s eky dh flQr gS] u dh fj;klr dh jk; A

nQ+k uEcj 136 % mEer ds gj QnZ dks vke feyfd;r esa nkf[k+y gj pht+ ls Qk;nk mBkus dk gd+ gkfly gSA fj;klr ds fy;s fdlh [kkl QnZ dks vke feyfd;r ds beykd dk ekfyd cukuk ;k mlls Qk;nk mBkus dh btkt+r nsuk tkbt+ ugha A

nQ+k uEcj 137 % fj;klr ds fy;s fjvk;k ds eQknkr ds fy;s cUtj t+ehu ;k vke feyfd;r esa nkf[ky fdlh pht+ dks ¼yksxksa ds fy;s½ eeuw d+jkj nsuk tkbt+ gS A

nQ+k uEcj 138 % eky dks tek djds j[kuk ¼[k+t+kuk cukuk½ eeuw gSA vxjps ml ij t+dkr Hkh D;ksa u nh tk;s A

nQ+k uEcj 139 % eqlyekuksa ls t+dkr yh tk;sxhA t+dkr flQZ mu vEoky ij yh tk;sxh ftu ij t+dkr ysus dks 'kjh;r us eqrv;u dj fn;k gS] elyu ud+nh] frtkjrh lkt+ o lkeku] eos’kh vkSj x+YykA ftu vEoky ij t+dkr ysus dh dksbZ 'kjbZ nyhy u gks] mu ij t+dkr ugha yh tk;sxhA t+dkr gj lkfgcs fulkc ls yh tk;sxh] [okg og eqdfYyQ gks tSlk ds vkfd+y ckfyx+ bUlku ;k og x+Sj eqdfYyQ gks] tSlk ds cPpk vkSj etuwuA fQj ml t+dkr dks csvrqyeky dh ,d [kkl en esa j[kk tk;sxkA t+dkr dks d+qjkus djhe esa okfjn vkB vLukQ esa ls fdlh ,d ;k ,d ls t+kbn vLukQ ds vykok dgha vkSj [kpZ ugha fd;k tk;sxk A

187

nQ+k uEcj 140 % t+fEe;ksa ls tft+;k fy;k tk;sxk vkSj tft+;k t+fEe;ksa ds ckfyx+ enksZa ls muds bfLrrkvr ds eqrkfcd+ fy;k tk;sxkA vkSjrksa vkSj cPpksa ls tft+;k ugha fy;k tk;sxk A

nQ+k uEcj 141 % f[k+jkth t+ehu ij f[k+jkt equkflc fed+nkj esa fy;k tk;sxk vkSj m’kjh t+ehu dh iSnkokj ij t+dkr yh tk;sxh A

nQ+k uEcj 142 % eqlyekuksa ls bruk VSDl ¼t+jfc;rk½ olwy fd;k tkrk gS ftruk csvrqyeky ds b[k+jktkr dks iwjk djus ds fy;s dkQh gksA 'krZ blesa ;g gS ds ;g bl jD+e ij olwy fd;k tkrk gS tks lkfgcs eky ds ikl ekv:Q rjhds ds eqrkfcd+ viuh t+:fj;kr dks iwjk djus ds ckn t+kbn gksA ml ¼VSDl ysus½ esa bl ckr dh Hkh fjvk;r j[kh tkrh gS ds og VSDl fj;klr dh t+:fj;kr dks iwjk djus ds fy;s Hkh dkQh gksA x+Sj eqfLyeksa ds ;s VSDl fcYdqy olwy ugha fd;k tk,xk vkSj bu ls flok; tft+;s ds vkSj dqN Hkh ugha fy;k tk,xk A

nQ+k uEcj 143 % og reke vkeky] ftu dh vUtkengh dks 'kjhvr us mEer ij Qt+Z d+jkj fn;k gS] vxj cSr my eky esa mu vkeky ¼ft+Eesnkfj;ksa½ dks vUtke nsus ds fy;s eky u gks rks ;s Qt+Z mEer dh rjQ eqUrfdy gksrk gSA ,slh lwjr esa fj;klr ds bl vez dk gd+ gkfly gS ds og bl Qjht+s ls vksgnkcjk gksus ds fy;s mEer ij VSDl ykft+e dj ns ysfdu ftu mewj dh vnk;xh dks 'kjhvr us mEer ij Qt+Z d+jkj ugha fn;k gS] muds fy;s VSDl olwy djuk fj;klr ds fy;s tkbt+ ughaA pqukUps fj;klr dksVZ Qhl ;k nQrjh

188

Qhl ;k vnkyrh VSDl ;k fdlh Hkh rjg dk VSDl ugha ys ldrh A

nQ+k uEcj 144 % fj;klrh ctV dh 'kd+s nkbeh uksbZ;r dh gksrh gS] ftUgsa vgdkesa 'kjvS;k us eqd+jj dj fn;k gSA mldh et+hn enkr gksrh gSSaA ftu esa ls gj en ds fy;s fQj :d+we eqD+rl dh tkrh gSA ctV dh fed+nkj vkSj ftu enkr ds fy;s :d+we eqD+rl dh tkrh gS] ;s lc [kyhQk dh jk; vkSj btrsgkn ij ekSd+wQ gSa A

nQ+k uEcj 145 % cSr my eky dh vkenu ds nkbZeh t+jk;s ;s gSa %

1 ekys Qs;]

2 tft+;k]

3 f[k+jkt]

4 :dkt+ dk [kEl vkSj

5 t+dkr

bu vEoky dks ges’kk olwy fd;k tk;sxk [okg mu dh t+:jr gks ;k u gks A

nQ+k uEcj 146 % cSr my eky dh nkbZeh vkenuh fj;klr ds b[k+jktkr ds fy;s ukdkQh gksus dh lwjr esa fj;klr eqlyekuksa ls t+jkbc ¼VSDlst+½ olwy djsxh vkSj VSDlst+ ysus dk rjhdk,dkj ;wa gksuk pkfg;s A

1 Qqd+jkv] elkdhu] eqlkfQj vkSj Qjht+k, tsgkn dh vnk;xh ds fy;s cSr my eky ij Qt+Z b[k+jktkr dks iwjk djus ds fy;s A

189

2 mu b[k+jktkr dks iwjk djus ds fy;s] ftUgs iwjk djuk cSr my eky ds ftEes crkSj cny okftc gS] elyu eqykt+ehu ds b[k+jktkr] QkSft;ksa dk jk’ku vkSj gqDdke ds eqvkot+s A

3 mu b[k+jktkr dks iwjk djuk] tks cSr my eky ij elysgru cx+Sj fdlh cny ds okftc gSa A elyu ubZ lM+dsa cukuk] t+ehu ls ikuh fudkyuk] elkftn] enkfjl vkSj 'kQk[kkus cukokuk A

4 mu uqd+lkukr dk rnk:d djuk] tks cSr my eky ij okftc gS A elyu dksbZ gaxkeh gkyr] d+gr] rwQku vkSj t+yt+ys A

nQ+k uEcj 147 % okss vEoky Hkh t+jk; vkEnu esa 'kqekj gksrs gSa tks ljgnh bykd+ksa ij dLVe ¼eglwy pqUxh½ ds t+fj;s cSr my eky esa tek gksrs gSA bl rjg oks vke feyfd;r ;k fj;klrh feyfd;r ds vEoky vkSj oks vEoky ftu dk dksbZ okfjl u gksus dh otg ls mUgsa cSr my eky esa j[kk x;k gks A

nQ+k uEcj 148 % cSr my eky ds vEoky dks bu N% vLukQ esa rd+lhe fd;k tk;sxk%

1 oks vkB vLukQ tks vEokys t+dkr ds eqLrfgd+ gSa] mu ij t+dkr dh en ls [kpZ fd;k tk;sxk tc t+dkr dh en esa dksbZ eky ekStwn u gks rks mu ij dksbZ pht+ [kpZ ugha dh tk;sxh A

2 Qqd+jkv] elkdhu] eqlkfQj ¼bCus lchy½] tsgkn] ed+:t+ ¼xk+jsehu½ ij [kpZ djus ds fy;s vEokys t+dkr esa ls dqN eky ekStwn u gks rks mu ij cSr my eky dh nkbZeh uksb;r dh vkenuh ds t+jk; ls

190

[kpZ fd;k tk;sxkA ysfdu ml esa Hkh vxj dksbZ eky u gks rks dt+Z nkjksa ¼x+kjehu½ ij dqN [kpZ ugha fd;k tk;sxkA

ysfdu Qqd+jkv] elkdhu] eqlkfQj vkSj tsgknh t+:jr dks iwjk djus ds fy;s VSDl yxk;s tk;sxsa vkSj vxj VSDl yxkus esa fdlh Qlkn dk [k+kSQ gks rks VSDl dh ctk; crkSjs d+tZ vEoky gkfly fd;s tk;sxsa A

3 oks v’k[kkl tks fj;klr ds fy;s f[k+nekr ljs vatke ns jgs gSa] tSls eqykt+ehu] gqDdke vkSj QkSt] mu ij cSr my eky ls [kpZ fd;k tk;sxkA ysfdu tc cSr my eky dk eky ml ds fy;s dkQh u gks rks VSDl yxk dj mu dh t+:fj;kr dks iwjk fd;k tk;sxk vkSj vxj VSDl yxkus dh lwjr esa fdlh fd+Le ds Qlkn dk [k+kSQ gks rks ml ed+ln ds fy;s d+tZ fy;s tk;sxsa A

4 cqfu;knh elkysg ¼eQknkr½ vkSj t+:fj;kr tSls jkLrksa] elkftn] gLirkyksa vkSj enkfjl ij cSr my eky ls [kpZ fd;k tk;sxkA ysfdu tc cSr my eky esa bruk eky u gks rks VSDl olwy djds mu ij [kpZ fd;k tk;sxk A

5 vkyk eQknkr vkSj t+:fj;kr ij cSr my eky ls [kpZ fd;k tk;sxkA tc cSr my eky esa mu ij [kpZ djus ds fy;s eky ekStwn u gks rks mu ij [kpZ ugha fd;k tk;sxk cfYd mUgsa eqyroh fd;k tk;sxk A

6 gaxkeh gkykr elyu t+yt+yk vkSj rwQku oxSjg dh lwjr esa cSr my eky ls [kpZ fd;k tk;sxkA cSr my eky esa eky u gksus dh lwjr esa mu ds fy;s QkSju dt+Z fy;k tk;sxkA fQj VSDl tek djds mls vnk fd;k tk;sxk A

191

nQ+k uEcj 149 % fj;klr vius gj 'kgjh ds fy;s jkst+xkj dh t+ekur nsxh A

nQ+k uEcj 150 % vQjkn vkSj dEifu;ksa ds eqykt+ehu reke Qjkbt+ vkSj gqd++wd+ ds fygkt+ ls fj;klr ds eqykt+ehu dh rjg gSaA tks Hkh mtjr ij dke djrk gS oks eqykft+e gS] [okg vey vkSj vkfey ¼dke djus okys½ dh uksb;r dqN Hkh gksA pqukUps tc vthj ¼eqykft+e½ vkSj eqLrkftj ¼dke djokus okys½ ds njfe;ku mtjr ij bf[+rykQ gks tk;s rks mtjr feLy ds eqrkfcd+ QSlyk fd;k tk;sxkA vxj ml ¼mtjr½ ds vykok fdlh vkSj pht+ esa bf[+rykQ gks tk;s rks ml dk QSlyk vgdkes 'kjhb;k ds eqrkfcd+ ßvd+n vy btkjg^^ ¼eqgk;snk, eqykt+er½Þ ds rgr gksxk A

nQ+k uEcj 151 % mtjr dk vey ds Qk;ns ;k vkfey ds uQsv ds fygkt+ ls gksuk tkbt+ gSA vthj dh ekywekr ;k mldh bYeh 'kgknr ¼vLukn½ ds fygkt+ ls ml dh mtjr eqd+jj ugha gksxhA eqykft+e dh ru[okg esa dksbZ lkykuk bt+kQk ugha gksxk] cfYd mUgsa oks iwjh rjg mtjr nh tk;xh] ftl ds oks eqLrfgd+ gSa] [okg vey ds Qk;ns ds fygkt+ ls gks ;k vkfey ds uQsv ds ,srckj ls A

nQ+k uEcj 152 % ftl 'k[+l ds ikl eky ;k vEy ugha vkSj u dksbZ ,slk 'k[+l gS ftl ij ml dk uQd+k Qt+Z gS rks fj;klr mls uQds+ dh t+ekur nsxhA bl rjg vkftt+ o eksgrkt dks fBdkuk nsuk Hkh fj;klr dh ftEesnkjh gS A

192

nQ+k uEcj 153 % fj;klr ,slh rnkchj b[rs;kj djrh gS ds eky fjvk;k ds ekcsu xfnZ’k djrk jgs vkSj flQZ [kkl rcd+s ds njfe;ku gh xfnZ’k esa u jgs A

nQ+k uEcj 154 % fj;klr fjvk;k ds gj QnZ dks bl d+kfcy cukus dh dksf’k’k djrh gS ds oks vius fy;s vkvyk esv;kjs ft+Unxh dh t+:jrksa dks iwjk dj lds A fj;klr ntsZ t+Sy rjhd+s ls ekv’kjs esa rokt+u iSnk djus dh dksf’k’k djrh gS A

1 cSr my eky esa tks vEoky] [okg og eud++wyk gksa ;k x+Sj eud+wyk gksa vkSj ekys Qs; ox+Sjg] fj;klr mu esa ls fjvk;k dks nsxh A

2 ftu yksxksa ds ikl bruh t+ehu u gks ftl ls mu dk xqt+kjk gks lds rks fj;klr mUgsa vkckn t+ehu es ls t+ehu nsxhA gka! ftu yksxksa ds ikl t+ehu rks gS ysfdu og mldks dk’r ugha djrs rks mUgsa t+ehu ugha nh tk;sxhA tks tksx t+jkvr ugha dj ldrs mUgsa eky fn;k tk;sxk A

3 ,sls dt+Znkj] tks viuk dt+Z pqdkus ls vkftt+ gksa] fj;klr t+dkr ds eky vkSj ekys Qs; ox+Sjg ls mu dk dt+kZ pqdk;sxh A

nQ+k uEcj 155 % fj;klr t+jvbZ mewj vkSj t+jvbZ iSnkokj dh fuxjkuh ml t+jvbZ ikWfylh dh cqfu;kn ij djsxh] ftl ls vkyk e;kj dh iSnkokj ds fy;s t+ehu ls Qk;nk mBk;k tk;sxk A

nQ+k uEcj 156 % fj;klr luvr ls eqrkfYyd+ reke mewj dh [kqn fuxjkuh djrh gS vkSj vke feyfd;r esa

193

nkf[k+y reke eLuwvkr dh ns[kHkky Hkh cjkgsjkLr [kqn djrh gS A

nQ+k uEcj 157 % cS:uh frtkjr rkftj dh 'kksgjr ds fygkt+ ls gksrh gS u ds lkt+ o lkeku dks ns[krs gq;sA pqukUps gjch rkftj dk gekjs bykd+ksa esa frtkjr djuk eeuw gS] bYyk ;g ds fdlh [k+kl rkftj ;k [k+kl eky dh frtkjr dh btkt+r nh x;h gksA ftu rkftjksa ds lkFk gekjs eqvkgsnkr gksxsa rks mu ds lkFk gekjs vkSj muds njfe;ku r; ikus okys eqgk;ns dh : ls ekveyk fd;k tk;sxkA fjvk;k esa ls tks rkftj gksaxs mUgs bl pht+ dks ckgj ys tkus ls jksdk tk;sxk] ftl dh fj;klr dks t+:jr gS ;k ftl ls nq’eu dks QkSth] luvrh ;k bd+rslknh d+qOor gkfly gksrh gksA gka! tks eky mudk gS] ml dks fj;klr esa ykus ls ugha jksdk tk;sxkA mu vgdkekr ls oks eqYd eqLr’uh gksxk ftl ds lkFk gekjh vEyu tax gks] tSlk ds bLjkbZy] D;ksafd mlds lkFk reke eqvkeykr] pkgs og frtkjrh gksa ;k dksbZ vkSj] ml ¼bLjkbZy½ dks nk:y gjc le>rs gq;s r; fd;s tk;sxsa A

nQ+k uEcj 158 % fjvk;k ds reke vQjkn dks ft+Unxh ds elys ls eqrkfYyd+ lkbalh ySckjsVfj;k¡ cukus dk gd+ gkfly gS vkSj [kqn fj;klr dks Hkh pkfg;s ds oks bl fd+Le dh rtjckxkgsa d+k;e djs A

nQ+k uEcj 159 % vQjkn dks ,slh rtqjcs xkgksa dh feyfd;r ls jksdk tk;sxk] tks ,slk eokn iSnk djsa ftl dk vQjkn dh feyfd;r esa gksuk mEer ;k fj;klr ds fy;s uqdlkunsg gkas A

194

nQ+k uEcj 160 % fj;klr fjvk;k ds reke vQjkn dks reke frCch lgwyrsa eq¶r eqgS;k djsxh] ysfdu og MkWDVjksa dks izk;osV izsfDVl djus vkSj vnfo;kr Qjks[+r djus ls ugha jksdsxh A

nQ+k uEcj 161 % bLrsglky vkSj x+Sj eqYdh ljek;kdkjh fj;klr esa eeuwv gksxh] bl rjg fdlh x+Sj eqYDh dks dksbZ fjvk;r ugha nh tk;sxh A

nQ+k uEcj 162 % fj;klr viuh ,d [kkl udnh ¼flDdk½ tkjh djsxh vkSj mls fdlh vtuch udnh ls ejcwr djuk tk;t+ ughaa gksxk A

nQ+k uEcj 163 % fj;klr dh ud+nh lksuk vkSj pk¡nh ij eq’rfey gksxh] [okg mls <kyk x;k gks ;k u <akyk x;k gks A lksuk vkSj pk¡nh ds vykok fdlh vkSj pht+ dks udnh dh gSfl;r gkfly ugha gksxh A fj;klr ds fy;s lksuk vkSj pk¡nh ds cny ds rkSj ij dksbZ vkSj pht+ tkjh djuk Hkh tk;t+ gksxkA c’krsZfd tks pht+ tkjh dh tk; mlds elkoh bruh ekfy;r dk lksuk ;k pk¡nh fj;klr dh feyfd;r esa ekStwn gksA il fj;klr ds fy;s tk;t+ gS ds og ml lwjr esa ;s tkjh djsA il fj;klr ihry] dkals ;k dkx+t+h uksV ox+Sjg ij vius uke dk BIIkk yxk dj tkjh djs A c’krsZds ml ds ikl bruh gh ekfy;r dk lksuk ;k pk¡nh ekStwn gks A

nQ+k uEcj 164 % cjkcjh ds mlwy ij ftl rjg nkf[kyh rkSj ij udnh dk rcknyk tk;t+ gS] mlh rjg ml fj;klr vkSj nwljh fj;klrksa dh djufl;ksa ds ekcsu rcknyk Hkh tk;t+ gksxkA gka! vxj mu nksuks djufl;ksa dh ftUl vyx vyx gks rks ml lwjr esa mu ds ekcsu deh

195

cs’kh Hkh tk;t+ gksxhA ysfdu 'krZ ;g gS ds ;s ekveyk nLr c nLr gks] m/kkj dh cqfu;kn ij ,slk djuk tk;t+ ughaA tc nksuks djulh eq[rfyQ gksa rks cx+Sj fdlh dSn ¼’krZ½ ds ml rcknys ds uj[k+ esa rcnhyh dh btkt+r gksxh A fjvk;k dk gj QnZ vUn:uh ;s cS:uh djufl;ksa dks [kjhnuk ;s cSpuk pkgs rks mls btkt+r gksxh A mlds fy;s fdlh djUlh dh btkt+r ysus dh t+:jr ugha gksxh A

rkvyheh ikWfylh%

nQ+k uEcj 165 % eugkts rkvyhe dk bLykeh vd+hns dh cqfu;kn ij gksuk Qt+Z gS A pqukUps reke rnjhlh eokn vkSj rjhdk;sgk;s rnjhl dks bl rjg ot+g fd;k tk;sxk ds rkvyhe esa bl cqfu;kn ¼vd+hnk bLykeh½ ls bUgjkQ fcYdqy u gks A

nQ+k uEcj 166 % rkvyheh ikWfylh dk ed+ln bLykeh vd+fy;k vkSj bLykeh uQfl;k dh rkvehj gS A fygkt+k og reke rnjhlh eokn] ftl dh rnjhl ed+lwn gks] mlh cqfu;kn ij gksxk A

nQ+k uEcj 167 % rkvyhe dk ed+ln bLykeh 'kf[+l;r iSnk djuk vkSj ftUnxh ds elkby ls eqrkvfYyd+ mywe vkSj ekvfjQ ls ysl djuk gSA pqukUps rjhdk, rkvyhe dks bl rjg cuk;k tk;sxk ds ml ls ;s ed+ln gkfly gksxk] vkSj og gj oks rjhdk eeuw gksxk tks bl ed+ln ls gVkrk gks A

nQ+k uEcj 168 % mywes bLykfe;k vkSj mywes vjfc;k ds g¶rkokj ihfj;M eqd+jj djuk t+:jh gSA bl rjg oD+r vkSj rkvnkn ds ,srckj ls nwljs mywe ds fy;s Hkh ihfj;M eqd+jj fd;s tk;sa A

196

nQ+k uEcj 169 % rkvyhe esa rtjckrh mywwe] muls eqfYgd+ mywe vkSj ld+kQrh ekvfjQ ds njfe;ku Qd+Z dks eygwt+ j[kuk t+:jh gSA pqukUps rtjckrh vkSj ml ls eqfYgd+k mywe cdnjs t+:jr i<+k;k tk;saA ejkfgys rkvyhe esa fdlh Hkh ejgys esa mudh ikcUnh ykt+eh ugha gksuh pkfg,A tgka rd ld+Qrh ekvfjQ dk rkvYyqd+ gS rks mUgsa vkyk rkvyhe ls eqrkv;u rkvyheh ikWfylh ds eqrkfcd+ bCrsnk;h ejkfgy esa ml rjg gkfly djuk pkfg, ds ;s bLykeh vQdkj ok vgdkekr ls eqrukfd+l u gksaA vkyk rkvyheh ejgys dks Qd+r lkbal ds rkSj ij i<+k tk;sxkA ml esa Hkh ;s 'krZ gS ds ;s rkvyheh ikWfylh vkSj rkvyheh ed+ln ls gV dj fcYdqy u gks A

nQ+k uEcj 170 % rkvyhe ds gj ejgys esa bLykeh ld+kQr dh rkvyhe ykt+eh gSA vkyk ejgys esa eq[+rfyQ bLykeh ekvfjQ dh Qjqvkr ed+lwl dh tk;saA tSlk ds frc] bathfu;fjax] frfc;kr ox+Sjg esa e[k+lwl dh tkrh gSa A

nQ+k uEcj 171 % Qquwu vkSj lUvr ,d igyw ls lkbal ds lkFk 'kkfey gksaxs tSlk ds frtkjrh Qquwu] tgkt+jkuh] t+jkvrA bl igyw ls mUgsa cx+Sj fdlh d+Sn o 'krZ ds gkfly fd;k tk;sxkA dHkh Qquwu o lUvr gekjh ld+Qr esa 'kkfey gksaxsA ;s ml lwjr esa ds tc ;s fdlh [kkl uqd+r;sut+j eqrkfLlj gksa] tSlk ds rLohj] lUxrjk’kh ox+SjgA pqukUps vxj ;s bLykeh uqd+r;sut+j ds eq[k+kfyQ gksa rks mUgsa gkfly ugha fd;k tk;sxk A

nQ+k uEcj 172 % feugts rkvyhe ,d gh gksxk vkSj fj;klr ds vykok fdlh nwljs feugt dh btkt+r ugha

197

gksxhA t+krh enkfjl dh ml oD+r rd btkt+r gksxh tc rd ds oks fj;klr ds rkvyheh feugt] mldh rkvyheh ikWyhlh vkSj ml ds ed+ln dh cqfu;kn ij d+k;e gksaxsA ;s Hkh 'krZ gksxh ds mu esa e[k+ywr rkvyhe ¼yM+dksa vkSj yM+fd;ksa dk ,d lkFk i<+uk½ dh eqekusvr gksxhA bf[+rykr] eksvYysehu vkSj rqyckv] nksuksa ds njfe;ku eeuw gksxkA et+hn cjka ;s 'krZ Hkh gksxh ds rkvyhe fdlh [kkl xzksg] nhu ;k et+gc ;k jax o uLy ds lkFk e[k+lwl u gks A

nQ+k uEcj 173 % oks rkvyhe tks ft+Unxh ds eSnku esa gj balku] pkgs oks enZ gks ;k vkSjr] ds fy;s t+:jh gS] Qt+Z gksxhA pqukUps igys nks ejgyksa esa rkvyhe ykt+eh gksxh vkSj ;s fj;klr dh ft+Eesnkjh gS ds os eq¶r rkvyhe dk cUnkscLr djsA vkyk rkvyhe dks Hkh eefdu gn rd eq¶r nsus dh dksf’k’k dh tk;sxh A

nQ+k uEcj 174 % fj;klr enkfjl vkSj tkesvkr ds vykok Hkh yk;czsfj;k¡] rtjckxkgsa vkSj ekvfjQ ds reke olkby eqgS;k djsxh] rkfd oks yksx] tks eq[+rfyQ eqckfgl vkSj ekvfjQ] elyu Qqdkv] mlwys Qqdkv] gnhl o rQlhj] frcs bathfu;fjax] dhfe;k oxSjg esa] blh rjg bZtknkr vkSj nj;kQrksa esa viuh cgl o rgd+hd dks tkjh j[kuk pkgsa rks tkjh j[kssssa A ;wa mEer ds ikl eqtrgsnhu] ekStnhu vkSj vgys uqnjr dh ,d dlhj rkvnkn ekStwn gks A

nQ+k uEcj 175 % rkvyhe ds reke ejkfgy es rkyhQ ls xyr Qk;nk mBkuk eeuwv gksxk] dksbZ Hkh 'k[+l [okg oks eqvfYyQ gks ;k dksbZ vkSj tc dksbZ fdrkc

198

eqfRrck djsxk vkSj ml dks 'kk;sv djsxk rks fQj u’j o 'kkvr tqey, gqd+wd egQwt+ ugha j[k ldsxkA gka! vxj mlds ikl ,sls vQdkj gksa ftu dh vc rd u’j o b’kkvr ugha gqbZA mlds fy;s tk;t+ gS ds oks mu yksxksa dks ns dj mldh mtjr ys] tSlk ds fdlh 'k[+l dks rkvyhe nsdj mtjr ysrk gS A

[kkjth fl;klr%

nQ+k uEcj 176 % fl;klr mEer ds vUn:uh vkSj cs:uh ekveykr dh fuxjkuh dks dgrs gSaA fl;klr mEer vkSj fj;klr nksuksa dh tkfuc ls gksrh gSA fj;klr cjkgsjkLr ekveykr dh fuxjkuh djrh gS vkSj mEer ml ¼dke½ ij mldk eqgkLck djrh gSa A

nQ+k uEcj 177 % fdlh Qjn] fgT+c] dq+ryk ¼fxjksg½ ;k tekvr ds fy;s ;s tk;t+ ugha ds mlds fdlh vtuch eqYd ds lkFk fdlh fd+Le ds rkvYyqd+kr gksaA nwljs eqekfyd ds lkFk rkvYyqd+kr flQZ fj;klr dk dke gSA D;ksafd flQZ fj;klr dks mEer ds mewj dh ljijLrh dk gd+ gkfly gSA mEer vkSj tekvrsa mu [kkjth rkvYyqd+kr ds ckjs esa fj;klr dk eqgkLck dj ldrh gSa A

nQ+k uEcj 178 % ed+ln t+fj;s ¼olhys½ dks usd ¼tk;t+½ ugha cukrk ¼vyx+k;krqyg yk v’cjs :y okLsrkg½ D;ksafd rjhd;s fQdz dh ftUl ls gSA pqukUps Qt+Z ;k eqckg rd igqapus ds fy;s gjke dks t+fj;k ugha cuk;k tk ldrkA il olhys dh ikWfylh rjhds+ dh ikWfylh ls dHkh Hkh eqrukfd+l ugha gksuk pkfg;s A

199

nQ+k uEcj 179 % fl;klh pky pyuk [k+kjth fl;klr esa ,d t+:jh vez gS] mldh dqOor dk jkt+ bl vez esa iks’khnk gS ds vkveky ¼dkeksa½ dk ,svyku fd;k tk;s vkSj vgnkQ ¼ed+kfln½ dks Nqik;k tk;s A

nQk uEcj 180 % fl;klr ds vge vlkyhc ;s gS %

fj;klrksa ds tjkbe dks cs udkc djus dh tqjvrA >wVh ikWfyfl;ksa ds [k+rjkr dks c;ku djukA [k+chl lkft+’kksa dks cs udkc djuk vkSj xqejkgdqu 'k[k+fl;rksa dh gkSlyk 'kDuh djuk A

nQ+k uEcj 181 % ;s Hkh fl;klr ds vt+he rjhu vlkyhc es ls gS ds vQjkn]mEerksa vkSj fj;klrksa ds ekveykr dh fuxsgnk’r ds nkSjku bLykeh vQdkj dh vt+er dks tkfgj fd;k tk;s A

nQ+k uEcj 182 % mEer dk fl;klh dt+;k ¼ekSr o g;kr dk elvyk½ ;s gS ds bLyke bl ¼mEer dh½ fj;klr dh dqOor gSA bl rjg bLykeh vgdkekr dk csgrjhu rjhd+s ls fuQkt+ vkSj nqfu;k ds lkeus bLykeh nkor dks iSge rjhd+s ls igqapkuk gS A

nQk uEcj 183 % bLykeh nkor dks is’k djuk gh [k+kjth fl;klr ds fy;s egoj o enkj dh gSfl;r j[krk gSA blh cqfu;kn ij bLykeh fj;klr ds reke nwljh fj;klrksa ls rkvYyqd+kr d+k;e gksaxs A

nQ+k uEcj 184 % bLykeh fj;klr ds nwljh fj;klrksa ds lkFk rkvYyqd+kr bu pkj igywvksa ij eq’rfey gksaxs %

1 vkyes bLyke esa d+k;e reke eqefydrsa xks;k ,d bykds+ ¼eqYd½ esa d+k;e gSaA ;s [k+kjth

200

rkvYyqd+kr ds t+eu esa nkf[ky ugha gksaxh vkSj bu ds lkFk rkvYyqd+kr dks [kkjtk fl;klr ugha le>k tk;sxk] cfYd mu lc dks ,d fj;klr dh lwjr esa bdB~Bk djus ds fy;s dke djuk Qt+Z gS A

2 tc fj;klrksa ds lkFk gekjs bd+rslknh] frtkjrh] vPNh gelk;xh ;k ld+kQrh eqvkgsnkr gSa rks mu ds lkFk eqvkeykr dks eqvkgsnkr ds eqrkfcd+ fuiVk;k tk;sxkA vxj eqgk;snk btkt+r nsrk gks rks ml fj;klr dh fjvk;k 'kuk[+r ds lkFk cx+Sj ikliksVZ ds bLykeh fj;klr esa nkf[ky gks ldsaxsA ysfdu 'krZ ;s gksxh ds oks Hkh gekjs lkFk ;s eqvkeyk djsaxsA ml ds lkFk bd+rslknh vkSj frtjrh rkvYyqd+kr egnwn enr vkSj e[k+lwl v’;k dh cqfu;kn ij gksaxs vkSj ;s ds mu v’;k dh bLykeh fj;klr dks t+:jr gks] ysfdu ;s ml fj;klr dks et+cwr cukus dk lcc u curk gks A

3 og eqekfyd] ftu ds vkSj gekjs njfe;ku fdlh fdLe ds eqvkgsnkr ughaA blh rjg bLrsekjh eqekfyd] elyu cjrkfu;k] vejhdk] Qzkal vkSj oks eqekfyd tks eqlyekuksa ds eqYdksa dks gM+i djus ds njis gSa] tSlk ds :l] rks muds lkFk gkyrs tax dk ekveyk fd;k tk;sxkA muds ckjs esa eqdEey vgfr;kr cjrh tk;sxhA mu ds lkFk fdlh fdLe ds flQkjrh rkvYyqd+kr ugha gksaxs mu eqekfyd ds voke gekjh fj;klr esa ikliksVZ] vkSj gj QnZ ds fy;s vkSj gj lQj ds fy;s e[k+lwl ohts+ ds lkFk nkf[k+y gks ldsaxs A

4 tks eqekfyd gekjs lkFk veyu gkyrs tax esa gSa tSlk fd bLjkby rks ml ds lkFk reke ekveykr dks gkyrs tax dh cqfu;kn ij fuiVk;k tk;sxkA ml ds lkFk gekjk ekveyk vEyh tax dk gksxk] [okg ml ds lkFk

201

vkjt+h tax cUnh dk eqgk,nk gks pqdk gks vkSj ml ds 'kgjh gekjs eqYd esa nkf[k+y ugha gks ldrs A

nQ+k uEcj 185 % QkSth eqvkgsnkr vkSj ml tSls nwljs eqvkgsnkr] elyu fl;klh eqvkgsnkr] vMMs vkSj ,;jiksVZ ox+Sjg fdjk;s ij nsus ds eqvkgsnkr] lc eeuwv gksaxsA gka ! vPNh gelk;xh] bD+rslknh] frtkjrh] eky;krh] ldkQrh ;k vkjt+h tax cUnh ds eqvkgsnkr dj ldrs gS A

nQ+k uEcj 186 % fj;klr ds fy;s mu reke rUt+heksa esa f’kjdr tk;t+ ugha gksxh] ftu dh cqfu;kn bLykeh ugha ;k bLykeh vgdkekr dks NksM+ dj x+Sj bLykeh vgdkekr dh rrchd+ dh cqfu;kn ij d+k;e gSaA tSlk ds cs;uyvd+okeh rut+he] ßvd+okesa eqRrgsnk]Þ ßvkyeh vnkyrs balkQÞ ßvkyeh ekfy;krh Q.MÞ ßvkyeh cSadÞ bl rjg bykd+k;h rut+hesa tSlk ds vjc yhx ox+SjgA

202

14 bLyke esa v[+kkyd+

bLyke dh ;g rkjhQ+ dh xbZ gS ds ;g og nhu gS ftl dks vYykg rkyk us lS¸;nuk eksgEen ij bl fy, ukft+y Qjek;k ds bUlku ds vius [+kkyhd+ viuh t+kr vkSj nwljs bUlkuksa ds lkFk rkmyqd+kr dks equfT+t+e fd;k tk,A bUlku dk vius [+kkfyd ds lkFk rkmyqd+ vd+kbn o bcknkr ij eq’krkfey gSA viuh t+kr ds lkFk rkmYyqd+ v[+kykd+ erÅekr ¼[kkus ihus dh pht+ksa½ vkSj eycwlkr ¼iguus dh pht+ksa½ ij eq’krfey gSA vkSj nwljs bUlkuksa ds lkFk rkmYyqd+ ekeykr vkSj md+wckr ij eq’krfey gSA

blyke bUlku dh reke eq’kfdykr gy djrk gSA ;g bUlku dks bl ut+j ls ns[krk gS fd og ,slk dqy gS fd ftldh rt+t+h ¼rd+lhe½ ugh fd tk ldrhA bl fy;s og bldh eq’kkfdykr ,d gh rjhds+ ls gy djrk gS bLyke us vius fut+ke dks :gkuh vlkl] ;kfu vd+hns ij blfrokj fd;k gS] fygkt+k :gkuh] igyw gh mldh rgt+hc dh cqfu;kn gS vkSj ;gh ¼:gkuh igyw½ mldh fj;klr vkSj ’kjhvr dh Hkh vlkl gSA

ckotwn ;s fd bLykeh ’kjh;r us vius fut+keksa dks cM+h ckjhd chuh vkSj rQlhy ds lkFk c;ku fd;k gS tSlk fd bcknr] ekewykr] md+wckr oxS+jk gSA ysfdu bLyke us v[+kykd+ ds fy;s dksb eqQfLly fut+ke eqdZjj ugh fd;k v[+kykd+ ds vgdkekr dks flQZ bl ,rsckj ls c;ku fd;k gS fd ;g vYykgrkyk ds vokfej o uokgh gSA bl rQlhy dh rjQ fcYdqy roTtg ugh nh fd v[+kykd+ ,slh pht+ gS ftldh dksbZ [+kkl ,gfe;kr gS vkSj ;g nwljs ,gdkekr ls eqerkt+ gS A

203

cfYd ,gdke dh rQlhy ds fygkt+ ls bldh rQ+lhy nwljs reke ,gdkekr ls de gSa fQ+d+k ds vUnj blds fy;s dksbZ [+kkl ckr eqdjZj ugh fd;k x;kA pqukaps ,gdkes ’kjkb ij eq’krfey fQ+d+gh fdrkcksa esa ckcqy v[+kykd+ ds uke ls dksbZ [+kkl ckr ugh] vkSj fQ+d+gk o eqtrgnhu us Hkh v[+kykd+h ,gdke dh cgl vkSj blkfu;r ij dksbZ [+kkl ckr ugh vkSj fQd+gh vkSj eqtrfgnhu us “h v[+kykdh ,gdke dh cgl vkSj bfLruckr ij dksb [+kkl rOotg ugh nh A

v[+kykd+ fdlh Hkh gkyr esa eqvk’kjs ds d+;ke ij vlj vUnkt+ ugh gksrs] D;kwafd eqvk’kjk rks fut+kegk, g;kr ij dk;e gksrk gS vkSj eqvk’kjs ij vQ+dkj vkSj ,glklkr gh vlj vUnkt+ gksrs gS v[+kykd+ dHkh Hkh eqvk’kjs ds d+;ke ij vlj vUnkt+ ugh gksrsA v[+kykd+ dk eqvk’kjs dh rjDd+h vkSj mlds bufgrkr ij Hkh dksbZ vlj ugh gksrk cfYd eqvk’kjs ij vlj vUnkt+ gksus okyh pht+ og mZqQs vke gS tks ft+unxh ds ckjs es rlOoqjkr ls iSnk gksrk gSA eqvk’kjs dks pykus okys v[+kykd+ ugh gksrs cydh eqvk’kjs dks og fut+ke] tks ml ij ukfQt+ gksrk gS vkSj og vQdkj ok ,glklkr pykrs gS] ftuds ml eqvk’kjs ds yksx gkfey gksrs gSA pqukaps v[+kykd+ Hkh vQ+dkj o bglklkr ls iSnk gksrs gS vkSj ;g eqvk’kjs esa ukfQ+t+ fut+ke dk urhtk gksrs gSA

bl fy;s eqvk’kjs esa v[+kykd+ dh rjQ nkor nsus dh btkt+r ugh nh tk,xh D;awfd v[+kykd+ vYykg rkyk ds vokefej ds urkbt gSA ;g vd+hns vkSj

204

bLyke dh gekxhj vunkt+ esa ruQhn+ dh rjQ nkor nsus ls [+kqn c [+kqn iSnk gksrs gSA blfy;s Hkh fd v[+kykd+ dh rjQ nkor nsuk ftUnxh ds ckjs esa bLykeh rlOoqjkr dks myVuk yksxksas dks eqvk’kjk cukus okys vokfey dks gdhd+r le>us ls nwj djuk vkSj bufQjknh Q+t+kby dh nkor nsdj mUgsa engks’k cukdj eqvk’kjs dh rjDdh ds gdhdh olkby ls xkfQ+y djuk gSA ;gh otg gS fd bLykeh nkor dks ,d v[+kykd+h nkor cukuk ,d bUrsgkbZ [+krjukd ckr gSA D;kwafd bl ls ;g oge iSnk gksxk fd bLykeh nkor “h ,d rjga dh v[+kykdh nkor gS A ;wa bLyke dh fQdjh lwjr fcxM+ tk,xh A ;g yksxksa ds Qge ds jkLrs esa gkby gks tk,xh vkSj ;g pht+ mUgsa bl okfgn jkLrs ls gVk nsxk tks bLyke dks ukfQ+t+ djus dk jkLrk gS ;kfu bLyke fj;klr ds d+;ke ’kjhvrs bLykeh us tc bUlku ds viuh t+kr ds lkFk rmYyqd+kr ds elkby dks v[+kykd+h flQ+kr ls eqrvYysd+k bgdkes ’kjhvk ds t+fj, gy fd;k rks ml gy dks bcknkr vkSj ekeykr dh rjg ,d fut+ke ugha cuk;k] cfYd blesa flQZ dqN eqrkb;u dherksa ds gqlwy dh fj;k;r j[kh] ftuds ckjs esa vYykg rkvyk dk gqDe gS] tSls lPpkbZ] vekur] /kksdk u nsuk vkSj gln u djuk] ;g phts+ ,d gh pht+ ls gkfly gksrh gS A vkSj og v[+kykd+h dher ls eqrkvfYyd+ vYykg rkyk dk gqDe gS tSls edkfje vksj Q+tkby il vekur ,d ,slk [+kYd+ gS ftldk vYykg rkyk us gqDe fn;k gS] pqukaps bl vekur dh vnkbxh ds oD+r bldh v[+kykd+h dher dk fygkt+ j[kuk t:jh gSA D;wafd bl rjg ml ds t+fj;s v[+kykd+h d+her [kqn c [kqn gkfly gks tkrh gS vkSj blh dks v[+kykd+ dgk tkrk gS

205

tgka rd vkeky ls crkSj urkbt flQ+kr ds gqlwy dh ckr gS tSlk fd uekt+ i<+us ls ikdnkeuh dk iSnk gksuk] ;k ekeykr dks fuiVkrs oD+r ykt+eh rkSj ij budh fj;k;r j[kuk tSls frtkjr ds vUnj lPpkbZ dk fygkt+ j[kuk rks muesa dksbZ v[+kykd+h dher gkfly ugh gksrh] D;wa fd vkeky dh vUtkefngksa dk ed+lwn ;g phts+ ugh FkhA cfYd ;g flQ+krs vkeky ls crkSj urkbt gkfly gqbZ] ;g og QdZ gS ftldk fygkt+ j[kuk vYykg dh bcknr vkSj ekeykr dh vnkbxh ds oD+r ,d eksfeu ds fy;s t+:jh gS] blfy;s eksfeu uekt+ ls vOoyu :gkuh d+her dk d+Ln djrk gS vkSj frtkjr ls lkuoh rkSj ij uQs+ dk d+Ln djrk gS] ,su blh oD+r og v[+kykd+h flQ+kr ls Hkh eqRrflQ gksrk gS A

’kfjvr us bu flQ+kr dks Hkh c;ku dj fn;k gS ftuls eqRrflQ+ gksus dh v[+kykds gqLuk dgk tkrk gS] og flQ+kr Hkh c;ku dj nh ftuls eqRrflQ+ gksuk v[+kykds+ fl;kg ¼cqjs v[+kykd+½ ds tq+ejs esa vkrk gSA fygkt+k ’kjhvr us v[+kykd+s gqluk ls eqRrflQ+ gksus dh rjx+hc nh gS vkSj v[+kyd+s fl;kg ls euk Qjek;k gS fln~d+ ¼lPpkbZ½ vekur [+kUnk iS’kkuh] g;k vkSj okynsu ds lkFk flyk jgeh dh rjxhc nh gS Ablh rjga vius eqlyeku “kb dks fdlh eqlhcr ls fudkyus vkSj mlds fy, ogh ilUn djus dh rjx+hc nh gS] tks vius fy;s ilUn djrk gS A mu pht+ksa ;k mu tSlh nwljh pht+ksa dh rjx+hc vYykg rkyk ds vokfej dh brkvr gksus ds fygkt+ ls nh gs A blh rjg >wB] [+k;kur] gln] Q+qtw+j ¼xqukg ds dke½ ox+Sjk ls euk bl fy;s fd;k gS] D;wa fd mu ls vYykg us cpus dk gqD+e fn;k gSA

206

v[+kykd+ ’kjhvr dk ,d fgLlk gS] vYykg rkyk ds vokfej vkSj uokgh gh dh ,d fdLe gS vkSj ,d eqlyeku ds vUnj ;g flQ+kr ykt+eh gS vkSj ,d eqlyeku ds vUnj ;g flQ+kr ykt+eh rkSj ij gksuh pkfg, rkfd bLyke ij eqdEey vey gks lds vkSj vYykg rkyk ds vokfej dh rdehy gks lds] vycRrk eqvk’kjs ds vUnj bu flQ+kr dks bLykeh ,glklr vkSj bLykeh vQ+dkj dks ijoku p<+k dj iSnk fd;k tk ldrk gS] tc eqvk’kjs esa ;g flQ+kr v[+kykd+ gksxh rks QnZ ds vUnj ykeqgkyk ikbZ tk,xh fygkt+k ;g ckr jksts+ jks’ku dh rjg okts+g gS fd bu flQ+kr dks iSnk djus ds fy;s v[+kykd+ dh rjQ nkor nsus dk dksbZ Qk;nk ugh cfYd eqvk’kjs ds vUnj bu flQkr dks iSnk djus ds fy;s bLykeh ,glklkr vkSj bLykeh vQ+dkj iSnk djus gksxs] gkaA ;g tkuuk Hkh t+:jh gS fd bl dke dk vkx+kt+ djus ds fy;s ,d ,sls d+qrys ¼tekvr½ dks rS;kj djus dh t+:jr gksrh gS tks bLyke dks eqdEey rkSj ij ukfQt+ djus ds uLcqy,su ij d+k;e gksA ftl ds vQ+jkn tekvr ds vtt+k dh rjg gks++a] u fd eqLrkfd+y vQjkn A rkfd og eqvk’kjs esa eqdEey bLyke ds nkbZ vkSj vyecjnkj cu ldsa A ;wa og bLykeh ,lklkr vkSj bLykeh vQ+dkj dks eqvk’kjs esa ijoku p<+k ldsa vkSj yksx QkSt nj QkSt bLyke esa nkf[+ky gksus dh otg ls [+kqn c [+kqn bu flQ+kr ¼v[+kykd+½ ls eqRrflQ gks lds A ;g ckr vPNh rjg le> ysuh pkfg, fd gekjs bl d+kSy ls okt+sg rkSj ij ekywe gksrk gS fd v[+kykd+ vYykgrkyk ds vokfej vkSj bLyke dks ukfQ+t+ djus ds fy;s ykft+e o eyt+we dh gSfl;r j[krs gSA bl ls ,d eqlyeku ds

207

v[+kykd+s gqluk dh flQ+kr ls eqRrflQ gksus dh t+:jr dk Hkh vUnkt+k gksrk gS A

vYykg rkyk us dq+jku djhe dh dbZ lwjrksa esa bu flQ+kr dks c;ku Qjek;k gS] ftuls eqRrflQ gksuk vkSj mudks vius vUnj iSnk djus dh dksf’k’k djuk bUlku ds fy;s t+:jh gS A ;g flQ+kr vd+kbn] bcknkr] ekeykr vkSj v[+kykd+ ij eq’krfey gS vkSj ;g pkjksa flQ+kr c;d oD+r etebZ rksj ij ikbZ tkuh pkfg, A

lqjs yqd+eku vk;kr 13 -19 esa vYykg rkyk dk bj’kkn gS %

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صIو8ات68 Iت? األIح8م6ير6 ل8ص8وI ]1319- [سورة: لقمان - األية: ال

vkSj tc yqd+eku us vius csVs dks ulhgr djrs gq, dgk fd % , csVs ! ¼fdlh dks½ vYykg dk ’kjhd u Bgjkuk] blesa dksbZ ’kd ugha fd f’kdZ cM+s gh tq+Ye dh ckr gS A vkSj geus bUlku dks blds ek¡&cki ds gd+ esa rkd+hn dh ¼fd og vius ek¡&cki ds lkFk gqLu

Lywd djsa½A mldh ek¡ us Fkd&Fkd dj mldks

208

isV esa j[kk] vkSj nks cjl rd mls nw/k fiykrh jgh A ¼bl fy;s½ gekjk ’kqØxqt+kj jg] vkSj vius okynsu dk HkhA vkf[+kjdkj gekjh gh

rjQ rqe lc dks ykSV dj vkuk gS A ¼, eq[+kfrc½ vxj rsjs ek¡&cki rq>s bl ckr ij

et+cwj djs fd rw gekjs lkFk fdlh dks ’kjhd Bgjk,] ftldh rsjs ikl dksbZ nyhy ugh] rks

¼bl ekeys esa½ mudk dgk uk ekuuk A ¼exj gk¡ !½ nqfu;k esa muds lkFk lkvknreanh ds lkFk jg] vkSj mu yksxksa ds rjhd+s ij py]

tks gj ckr esa gekjh rjQ :tw+ djrs gaS vkSj gekjk gqDe ctk ykrs gSa A fQj vkf[k+jdkj rqe lcdks gekjh rjQ gh ykSV dj vkuk gS A

fQj eas rqEgsa rqEgkjs vkeky ds eqrkfYyd+ crk nw¡xk A csVk ! vxj dksbZ

pht+ jkbZ ds nkus ds cjkcj gks] fQj og fdlh iRFkj ;k vklekuksa esa ;k t+ehu esa gks] rks mldks Hkh vYykg rkyk gkft+j djsxk A

cs’kd vYykgrkyk cM+k ckjhd chu vkSj ck[+kcj gS A csVk ! uekt+ d+k;e dj vkSj

¼yksxksa dks½ vPNs dkeksa ¼ds djus½ dh ulhgr fd;k dj vkSj cqjs dkeksa ls euk dj]

vkSj rq> ij tSlh iMs]+ ml ij lcj dj] cs’kd ;g ¼cM+h½ fgEer ds dke gSA vkSj yksxksa ls

cs:[+kh u dj vkSj t+ehu ij brjk dj u py] ¼D;awfd½ vYykg fdlh brjkus okys ’ks[k+h

[+kkSjs dks ilUn ugh djrk A vkSj viuh jQ+rkj esa e;kukjoh ¼b[+kfr;kj½ dj vkSj uhph dj viuh vkokt+] D;wafd vkokt+ksa

209

esa lc ls cqjh vkokt+ x/kksa dh vkokt+ gS A

vkSj lwjs vyQqjd+ku vk;kr 63 - 76 esa vYykg rkyk dk bj’kkn gS %

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اه6ل?ون8 Iج8 ?وا ال مµا ق8ال ال8 4ذ6ين8 س8 ?ون8 و8ال 6يت 8ب Aه6مI ي ب 6ر8 ا س?ج4دµا ل µ8امــ ذ6ين8 و8ق6ي ــ4 و8ال?ون8 8ق?ول 8ا ي 4ن ب 4ا اصIر6فI ر8 4م8 ع8ذ8اب8 ع8ن 6ن4 ج8ه8ن 8ه8ا إ ذ8اب ان8 عــ8 ــ8 ا ك µامــ ا غ8ر8 4هــ8 6ن إIاءت ا س8 8ق8ر½ ت Iا م?سµ4ذ6ين8 و8م?ق8ام 6ذ8ا و8ال 8نف8ق?وا إ 8مI أ ر6ف?وا ل Iســ? 8مI ي وا و8ل ر? ــ? 8قIت يان8 ــ8 Iن8 و8ك 8ي ك8 ب ــ6 ا ذ8ل µذ6ين8 ق8و8امــ ــ4 دIع?ون8 ال8 و8ال ــ8 ع8 ي ه6 مــ8 ــ4 ا الل µ8هــ 6ل ر8 إ و8ال8 آخــ8

?ل?ون8 8قIت 4فIس8 ي 6ي الن 4ت م8 ال ر4 ه? حــ8 ــ4 6ال4 الل Iح8قA إ ال ــ6 ون8 و8ال8 ب ــ? ن I8ز لI و8م8ن ي 8فIعــ8 ي6ك8 8لIق8 ذ8ل 8امµا ي 8ث 8ه? ?ض8اع8فIي أ Iع8ذ8اب? ل 8وIم8 ال 8ام8ة6 ي Iق6ي ?دI ال ل I8خ µا ف6يه6 و8ي 6ال4 م?ه8ان إاب8 م8ن ــ8 ل8 و8آم8ن8 ت ا ع8م8الµ و8ع8مــ6 µ6ح ال ك8 صــ8 ــ6 8ئ وIل

? دAل? ف8أ ــ8 ?ب ه? ي ـ4 6ه6مI الل 8ات Aئ ي سـ8G8ات ن 8ان8 ح8س8 4ه? و8ك ا الل µور ا غ8فــ? µح6يمــ اب8 و8م8ن ر4 ــ8 ل8 ت ا و8ع8مــ6 µ6ح ال ه? صــ8 ــ4 6ن ف8إ

?وب? 8ت 6ل8ى ي 4ه6 إ µا الل 8اب ذ6ين8 م8ت ــ4 ه8د?ون8 ال8 و8ال I8شــ ور8 ي 6ذ8ا الــز� وا و8إ ر� 4غIو6 مــ8 الل ــ6 بوا امµا م8ر� 6ر8 4ذ6ين8 ك 6ذ8ا و8ال وا إ ر? Aــ ات6 ذ?ك ــ8 6آي Aه6مI ب ب 8مI ر8 وا ل ر� 8خــ6 ا ي Iهــ8 8ي م½ا ع8ل صــ?

µا 8ان ذ6ين8 و8ع?مIي ــ4 ون8 و8ال ـ? 8ق?ول ا ي ــ8 4ن ب ا ه8بI ر8 ــ8 8ن ا م6نI ل ــ8 ن و8اج6 I8ز ا أ ــ8 6ن 4ات ي Aة8 و8ذ?ر ر4 قــ?

Gن? 8عIي ا أ ــ8 Iن 4ق6ين8 و8اجIع8ل Iم?ت 6ل ا ل µ6م8امــ ك8 إ ــ6 8ئ وIل? وIن8 أ ز8 Iجــ? ة8 ي فــ8 Iغ?رI ا ال 6مــ8 وا ب 8ر? ب صــ8

8ق4وIن8 ?ل 4ةµ ف6يه8ا و8ي ي 8ح6 مµا ت ال8 6د6ين8 و8س8 ال ا خ8 8تI ف6يهــ8 ن ا ح8ســ? 8ق8ر½ ت Iا م?ســ µو8م?ق8امــ ]76 -63[سورة: الفرقان - األية:

jgeku ds ¼[+kkl½ cans rks og gSa tks t+ehu ij ncs iako ds lkFk pys vkSj tc tkfgy

muls ¼ftgkykr dh½ ckrsa djus yxs rks ¼mUga½ lyke djsa (vkSj vyx gks tk,a) A vkSj tks jkrksa dks vius ijojfnxkj ds vkxs ltns djsaa vksj ¼nLr c nqLr½ [kM+s jgas ¼;kfu uekt+s i<+sa½ A vkSj tks nqvk,s ekaxk

djsa fd ,s gekjs ijojfnxkj ! vt+kcs nkst+[+k dks ge ls nwj gh j[k] D;wafd nkst+[+k dk

vt+kc (cM+h Hkkjh) eqlhcr gS A og ¼FkksM+h nsj½ Bgjus vkSj ¼ges’kk½ jgus

dh cqjh txg gS A vkSj ¼vYykg ds [+kkl cUns

210

og gSa½ tks [+kpZ djus yxsa rks Qtw++y [+kphZ uk djsa vkSj u cgqr raxh djsa] cfYd

mudk [+kpkZ vQjkr o rQjhr ds njfe;ku ,d lh/kh xqt+jku gS A vkSj tks vYykg ds lkFk

(fdlh) nwljs ekcwn dks uk iqdkjs vkSj ukgd+ fdlh dks tku ls u ekjs fd mldks vYykgrkyk us gjke dj j[kk gS] vkSj uk

ft+uk ds eZqrfd+c gks A vksj tks ¼f’kdZ vkSj xqukg½ et+dwj ckyk djsxk] og ¼vius½ xqukg dk [+kkfe;kt+k HkqxrsxkA d+;ker

ds fnu mls nksgjk vt+kc fn;k tk,xk (152)

¼f’kdZ dk vyx vkSj nwljs xqukgksa dk vyx½ A vkSj og t+yhy ¼o [+kokj½ gksdj blh gky

esa ges’kk jgsxk A exj ftlus rkSck dh vkSj beku yk;k vkSj usd vey fd;]s rks ,sls

yksxksa ds xqukgksa dks vYykg usd;ksa ls cny nsxk A vkSj vYykg cM+k c[k+’kus

okyk esgjcku gS A vkSj tks ’k[+l rkSck djs vkSj mlds ckn og usd vey Hkh djs] rks og gd+hd+r esa vYykg dh rjQ :tw+ djrk gS A vkSj ¼vYykg ds [+kkl cUnksa esa½ og Hkh

gS tks >wBh xokgh u ns] vkSj tks bRrsQ+kd+u csgwnk e’kx+yksa ds ikl

gksdj xqt+js rks ot+knkjh ds lkFk xqt+js A vkSj og yksx ds tc mUgsa muds ijojfnxkj

dh vk;kr lquk lquk dj ulhgr dh tk, rks va/ks vkSj cgjs gksdj mu ij u fxj iM+sa A vkSj

tks nqvk,sa ekaxrs gSaa fd % , gekjs ijojfnxkj ! gesa gekjh chfo;ksa ¼dh rjQ½ ls

vkSj gekjh vkSykn (dh rjQ) ls vak[kks dh

211

BaMd buk;r Qjek vkSj gesa ijgstxkjksa dk is’kok cuk A ;gh ykSx gSa ftudks muds lcz

ds cnys (cfg’r esa jgus ds fy;s ckyk [+kkus feysaxs] vkSj ogka nqvk vkSj lyke ds lkFk

mudk bfLrd+cky fd;k tk,xk A ¼vkSj ;g yksx½ cfg’kr esa ges’kk ges’kk jgsaxs A ckfg’r Hkh D;k gh vPNh txg gS] Bgjkus ds

fy;s vkSj ges’kk jgus ds fy;s A

vYykg rkyk us lwjkrqy bljk vk;kr 23 - 38 esa bj’kkn Qjek;k %

ب¡كO وOقOضOى Oر TالOأ GواJدJبGعOت TالMإ Jاه TيــM دOيGنM إ Mالــ OوGالMب Oا و�ان Oســ GحMا إ TمــMإ TنOغJلGبOي OكOند Mع OرOبMكGا ال OمJهJد OحOأ Gو

Oا أ Oم JهOالMك Oال Oل ف JقOآ ت Oــ م JهTل ÌفJأ OالOا و OمJه Gر OهGنOل تJقOا و Oم JهTل �وGال Oا ق �فMضG كOرMيم GاخOا و Oمـ JهOل Oاح Oنـ Oج

bالذ¡ل OنMم Mة Oم Gح Tل الرJقOو bب Tا ر Oم JهGم Oح Gا ار OمOي كMانOيTب Oا ر �غMير Oصــ GمJب¡ك Tر JمOلGعOا أ OمMي بMف GمJك Mوس JفJن نMإ Gوا JونــJكOت Oين MحMال Oصــ Jه TنــMإ Oف OانOك OينMاب Tو

OألMا ل �ور JفــOغ MآتOا وOى ذOب Gر JقـGال Jه Tقــ Oح OينMك GسـMمGال Oو OنGاب Oو MيلMب Tالس OالOو GرbذOبJا ت �بOذbرMينO إMنT تOبGذMير JمGال GواJانOك OانOو Gــ إMخ

MينMاطOي Tالش OانOكOو JانOطGي Tالشـ Mه bبـ OرMا ل �ور JفـOا ك TمـMإ Oو Tن OضـMرGعJت Jم JهGنOاء ع OغــMتGة� اب Oمــ Gح Oن رbم Oك bبــ Tا ر Oوهــ Jج GرOل ت Jقــ Oف Gم JهTل �وGال Oقــ

ا �ور JسGي Tم OالOو GلOع GجOت OكOدOي �غGلJولOة Oى مOلMإ Oك MقJنJع OالOا و OهGط Jــ تOبGسTل Jكــ Mط GســOبGال Oد Jعــ GقOت Oا ف �لJومــ Oا م �ور Jســ GحTم TنMإ Oك Tــ ب Oر Jط JســGبOي

Oق Gز bن الرOمMاء ل OشOي JرMد GقOي Oو JهTنM ا بMعMبOادMهM كOانO إ �بMير Oا خ �ير MصOب OالOو Gوا JلـJت GقOت GمJكOالدGو

Oأ OةOي Gشـ Oالق� خGمMإ Jن GحTن Gم Jه Jق Jز Gر Oم نـJاك TيـM إ Oو Tإن Gم JهOلGت Oق Oان Oــ ء�ا ك GطMا خ �ير Mــ واG وOالO كOب Jــ ب Oر GقOى تOن bــز هJ ال Tــ Mن انO إ Oــ ك

�ة Oش Mاح Oاء ف OسOو �بMيال Oس OالOو GواJلJت GقOت OسGفTي النMتTال Oم Tر Oــ هJ ح Zــ اللTالMإ bق OالحMن بOمOو OلMت Jا ق �دG مOظGلJوم Oق Oا فOنGلOع Oج Mه bــ لMي OوMا ل�لGطOان Jســ Oال Oف فMر GسJي يbف MلGت OقGال JهTنM ا كOانO إ �ور JصGن Oم OالOو GواJب Oر GقOت Oال Oــ م

MيمMتOيGال TالMي إMتTال Mبــ OيMه Jن Oســ GحOى أTت Oح Oغ JلــGبOي JهTد JشــOأ Gوا JفــGوOأ Oو

Mد GهOعGالMب TنMإ Oد GهOعGال OانOك �ؤJوال GســOوا م JفــGوOأ Oو Oل GيــOكGذا الMإ GمJتGلMك

GواJنMزOو MاسOط Gس MالقMب Mيم MقOت GسJمGال OكMلOذ µرGي Oخ Jن Oســ GحOأ Oو �وMيالGأ Oــ ت

OالOو Jف GقــOا ت Oمــ OسGيOل Oك Oــ هM ل Mــ لGمµ ب Mع TنMإ Oع Gم Tــ رO الس Oــ الGبOص Oو Oاد Oؤ JفــGال Oل¡ و Jكــ Oك MولئــJأ Oان Oكــ Jه GنــOع �ؤJوال GســOم OالOو MشGمOي تMف

Mض GرOا األ �حــ Oر Oم Oك TنــM رMقO لOن إ GخــOت Oض Gر

Oن األOل Oو Oغ JلــGبOت Oال Oبــ MجGال

212

� انO ذOلMكO كJل¡ طJوال Oكــ JهJئÌي Oســ Oد Gنــ Mع Oك bبــ Oا ر �وهــ JرGك Oســورة:م] ]38- 23-اإلسراء - األية:

vkSj rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj us ¼d+rbZ½ gqD+e ns fn;k gS fd blds flok fdlh dh bcknr uk djks vkSj okynsu ds lkFk gLus Lywd+ ls is’k vkvks A ¼, eq[+kfrc!½ vxj okynsu esa ,d ;k nksuksa rsjs lkeus cq<+kis dks igaqps rks muds vkxs mQ ¼ gw¡ ½ Hkh u djuk vkSj uk mUgsa f>M+duk vkSj muls ¼dqN½ dguk ¼lquuk gks rks½ vnc ds lkFk dguk ¼lquuk½ vkSj eqgCcr ls [+kkdlkjh dk igyw muds vkxs >dk, j[kuk vkSj muds gd+ esa nqvk djrs jguk % fd ,s esjs ijojfnxkj ! ftl rjg mUgksaus eq> NksVss ls dks ikyk gS vkSj esjs gky ij jge djrs jgs gSaa] ¼rw Hkh½ muds gky ij jge Qjek A ¼yksxkssa !½ rqEgkjs fny dh ckr dks rqEgkjk ijojfnxkj [+kwc tkurk gS A vxj rqe ¼gd+hd+r esa½ lvknreUn gks rks og rqEgsa eqvkQ+ dj nsxk] D;wafd og rkSck djus okyksa dh [krkvksa dks c[+’kus okyk gS A vkSj fj’rsnkj x+jhc vkSj eqlkfQj ¼gj ,d½ dks mldk gd+ igaqapkrs jgks vkSj nkSyr dks cstk er mM+kvksa A D;wafd nkSyr dks cstk mM+kus okys ’kSrkuksa ds HkkbZ gSa A vkSj ’kSrku vius ijojfnxkj dk cM+k gh uk’kqdjk gS A vkSj vxj rqEgsa vius ijojfnxkj ds Q+t+y ds bUrst+kj es]a ftldh rqEgsa roDdksa gks] mu ¼x+++qjck½ ls eqag QSjuk iM+]s rks ujeh ls mUgsa le>k

213

nks A vkSj viuk gkFk u rks bruk lqdM+ks fd ¼xks;k½ xnZu esa cU/kk gS vkSj uk mldks fcYdqy QSyk nks A ¼,slk djksxs½ rks rqe ,sls cSBs jg tkvksxs fd yksx Hkh rqEgsa eyker djasxs vkSj rqe rax nLr Hkh gksxs A ¼, iSx+Ecj !½ rqEgkjk ijojfnxkj ftldh jkst+h pkgrk gS] Qjkx+ dj nsrk gS] vkSj ftldh jkst+h pkgrk gS] uih rqyh dj nsrk gS A vkSj vius cUnksa ¼ds gky½ ls ck[+kcj vkSj ¼mudh t+:jrksa dks½ ns[kus okyk gS A vkSj ¼yksxksa!½ bQ+ykl (eqQfylh] ds Mj ls viuh vkSykn dks d+Ry uk djks A mUgsa vkSj rqEgsa ge gh jkst+h nsrs gaSa vksj vkSykn dks tku ls ekjuk cM+k Hkkjh xqukg gS A vkSj ft+uk ds ikl ¼gksdj Hkh½ uk QVduk] D;wafd og csg;kbZ gS vksj ¼cgqr gh½ cqjk pyu gS A vkSj fdlh dks ukgd+ d+Ry djuk vYykg us gjke dj fn;k gS] vkSj tks ’k[+l t+q+Ye ls ekjk tk, rks geus mlds okyh ¼okfjl½ dks d+kfry dk d+lkl ysus dk b[+kfr;kj fn;k gS] rks mls pkfg, fd [++kwu ¼dk cnyk ysus½ esa T+;knrh uk djs] D;wafd mldh enn dj nh xbZ gS A vkSj ;rhe ds eky ds ikl Hkh uk tkuk] exj ftl rjg fd ¼;krhe ds gd+ esa½ csgrj gks] tc rd ds og igaqps viuh tokuh rd A vkSj ,gn dks iwjk fd;k djks] D;wafd ¼d+;ker esa½ ,gn dh ckt+iqZl gksxh A vkSj tc uki djks rks iSekus dks iwjk Hkj djdj fn;k djks vkSj ¼rkSy dj nsuk gks rks½

214

MaMh lh/kh j[kdj rkSyk djks A ¼ekeys dk½ ;g csgrj ¼rjhd+k½ gS vkSj ¼bldk½ vutke Hkh vPNk gS A vkSj ¼, eq[k+kfrc !½ ftl ckr dk rq>dks bYe ¼;dhuh½ ugh mlds ihNs uk gks fy;k dj] D;wafd dku] vka[k vkSj fny ¼bu lc½ ls ¼d+;ker ds fnu½ iwN xN gksuh gS A vkSj t+ehu esa vdM+ dj u pyk dj] D;awfd blls rw t+ehu dks ugh] QkM+ ldsxk vkSj uk ¼ru dj pyus ls½ igkM+ksa dh yEckbZ dks igaqp ldsxk A ¼,s iSx+Ecj -!½ bu lc ckrksa esa tks cqjh gSa] lc gh rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj ds ut+nhd+ u ilUn gS A

il bu rhuksa lwjrksa dh ;g vk;kr eq[+krfyQ+ flQ+kr dk ,d eqdEey ektq+eqvk gSa A buesa ,d eqlyeku dkh lwjr uqek;k gksrh gS vkSj bldh bLykeh ’k[+fl;r nwljksas ls eqerkt+ gksdj fu[kj dj lkeus vkrh gS] vkSj blesa bl ckr dk fygkt+ jgs fd ;g flQ+kr vYykgrkyk ds vokfej vkSj uokgh gSa A pkgs buesa ekStwn vgdkekr dk rkvYyqd+ vd+hns ls gks] ;k bcknkr ls] ekeykr ls gks ;k v[+kykd+ ls A pqukaps bl ckr dk Hkh fygkt+ jgs fd ;g flQZ v[+kykd+h flQ+kr ugha] cfYd ftl rjg ;g v[+kykfd+;kr ij eq’krfeZy gaS] fcYdqy blh rjg ;g vd+hnk] bcknkr vkSj ekeykr ij “h eq’krfey gSa A ;gh flQ+kr gaS tks bLykeh ’k[+kfl;r dh rkehj djrh gSa A flQZ v[+kykd+ fdlh ’k[+l dsk dkfey vkSj mldh ’kd+fl;r dks bLykeh ugh cukrs A fQj mudk tks edln ¼x+k;r½ gS] og Hkh :gkuh vlkl] ;kfu bLykeh vd+hns ij ecuh gS A bu flQ+kr ls eqRrflQ+ gksuk Hkh bl vd+hns ij ecuh gksuk pkfg;s A bl

215

fy, ,d eqlyeku fln~d+ ¼lPpkbZ½ dh flQ+r ls flQZ+ fln~d+ ¼lPpkbZ½ ds fy;s eqRrflQ+ ugha gksrk A cfYd bl fy;s bl flQ+r dks vius vUnj iSnk djrk gS fd ;g vYykg dk gqD+e gS] vxjps og lp cksyrs gq, bldh v[+kykd+h d+her Hkh gkfly djrk gS A il v[+kykdh flQ+kr ls eqRrflQ gksuk flQZ bu flQkr dh otg ls ed+lwn ugha] cfYd muds vokfej vYykg gksus dh otg ls ed+lwn gSA

blfy;s ykt+eh rkSj ij eqlyekuksa dks bu flQ+kr ls eqRrflQ+ gksuk pkfg, A budks ctk ykuk brkvr vkSj Qjekcjnkjh ds tT+cs ls gks] D;wafd budk rkmYyqd+ rd+ok ls gS A ;g flQ+kr bcknkr ls crksjs urkbZt iSnk gksrh gSa tSls lwjs vud+cwr vk;r 45 %esa vYykg dk bj’kkn gS %

6ن4 ة8 إ Iه8ى الص4ال8 8ن اء ع8ن6 ت Iف8حIش8 8ر6 ال Iم?نك و8ال ]

cS’kd uekt+ csg;kbZ vkSj cqjh ckrksa ls jksdrh gS A

bl rjag eqvkeykr es “h budh fj;k;r j[kuk t+#jh gS A

Jيــنbلــة الد MــامOع Jم

nhu eqvkeykr dk uke gS A

;gh vYykgrkyk ds eqdZ+jj fd;s gq, vokfej vkSj uokgh ga]S vkSj ;g pht+ ¼budk vokfej vYykg gksuk½ gh bu flQkr dks ,d eqlyeku ds vUnj jkfl[+k dj nsrh gS vkSj budks vknrs lkfu;k cuk nsrh gS A blfy;s v[+kykd+ ckd+h fut+kesa gk; g;kr dk fgLlk g] vxj ;g eqlrfd+y flQ+kr gS A ;g flQ+kr ,d eqlyeku dks lqvkysg cukus dh t+ekur nsrh gaS A D;wafd

216

v[+kykd+h flQ+kr ls eRrflQ+ gksus dk eryc gS fd vYykgrkyk ds vokfej dks iwjk djuk vkSj uokgh ls cpuk A buls eqRrflQ+ gksus dk gjfxt+ ;g e[k+ln ugha fd ;g Qk;nk ;k uqd+lku igaqpkrs gSa A vkSj ;gh og pht+ gS] tks nkbeh rkSj ij v[+kykd+s gLuk ls eRrflQ+ dj ldrh gS vkSj ;gha pht+ ,d eqlyeku dks fuQ+kt+ ds fy;s fdlh jkg esa lkfcr d+ne dj ldrh gS vkSj bl otg gh ls eqlyeku euQvr ds lkFk xfnZ’k ugh djrk jgsxk A D;wafd eqlyeku bu vkeky dh vUtke nsgh ls euQvr dk d+Ln ugh djrk] cYds mlls rks cpuk pkfg; A D;wafd bu vkeky dh vutke nsgh dk ed+ln v[+kykd+h d+her gS] uk fd ekn~nh ;k bUlkuh ;k :gkuh d+her A cYds bu d+herksa dk bl nk,js esa vey n[+ky ugh gksuk pkfg,] rkfd bl rjg bl Qjht+s dh vnkbxh vkSj bu flQ+kr dks viukus esa dksbZ [+kyy iSnk uk gks lds A vkSj ftl pht+ dh rjQ rEchg fugk;r t+:jh gS og ;g gS fd v[+kykd+ ds flyflys esa ekn~nh d+her ls nwj jguk pkfg;s vkSj bl pht+ ls cpuk pkfg, fd bu dh vnkbxh fdlh uQ+k vkSj Qk;ns ds fy;s fcYdqy u gks] D;wafd ;g bUrsgkbZ [+krjukd ckr gS A

[+kqyklk, dyke

[+kqyklk, dyke ;g gS fd v[+kykd+ eqvk’kjs dks cukus okyh pht+ ugh] cYds ;g QnZ dh rkehj djus okyh pht+ gS A blfy;s eqvk’kjs dh blykg dHkh Hkh v[+kykd+ ds t+fj;s ugh gksxh A cYds eqvk’kjs dh bLykg flQZ bLykeh vQdkj vkSj ,glklkr vkSj bLykeh fut+ke gk, g;kr ds fuQ+kt+ ls gksxh A QnZ dks Hkh flQZ v[+kykd+ ugh cukrs] cYds

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v[+kykd+ ds lkFk vd+k;n] bcknkr vkSj eqvkeykr Hkh ykt+eh gaS A blfy, og ’k[+l eqlyeku ugh ftlds v[+kykd+ rks cM+s vPNs gSa ysfdu vdkbn xS+j bLykeh gSa A cYds og dkfQj gS vkSj dqÝ ls cM+k xqukg D;k gks ldrk gS \ bl rjag og ’k[+l ftlds v[+kykd+ rks cM+s vPNs gaS] ysfdu bcknkr vkSj eqvkeykr esa og ,gdkes ’kjh;k dk fygkt+ ugh j[krk] mls Hkh [kq’k v[+kykd+ ugh dg ldrs] ekywe gqvk ds ,d QnZ dks cukus ds fy, vd+hns] bcknkr] eqvkeykr vkSj v[+kykd+ lc ykt+eh gSa A ;g ’kjvu tkbZt+ ugh fd v[+kykd+ dh rjQ [+kwc roTtksg nh tk, vkSj ckd+h flQ+kr dks NksM+ fn;k tk,] cYds fdlh pht+ dks ut+jvankt+ djuk tkbZt+ ugh A lc ls dCy ftl pht+ ds ckjs esa brehuku dj ysuk pkfg;s] og vd+hnk gSaa A v[+kykd+ ds vUnj Hkh cqfu;knh pht+ ;g gS fd ;g bLykeh vd+hns ij eacuh gksa] vkSj eksfeu mudh vYykgrkyk ds vokfej o uokgh le> dj viuk, A

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Book: Nizam Al-Islam (Hindi)