BONE LANDMARKS AND SURFACE MARKINGS Notes adapted from Principles of Anatomy and Physiology, 7 th...
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SURFACE SURFACE MARKINGS MARKINGS Notes adapted from Notes adapted from Principles of Anatomy Principles of Anatomy and Physiology and Physiology , 7 , 7 th th Edition Edition
BONE LANDMARKS AND SURFACE MARKINGS Notes adapted from Principles of Anatomy and Physiology, 7 th Edition
BONE LANDMARKS AND SURFACE MARKINGS Notes adapted from
Principles of Anatomy and Physiology, 7 th Edition
Slide 2
The surfaces of bones have various structural features adapted
to specific functions. These features are called surface markings.
Long bones that bear a lot of weight have large, rounded ends that
can form sturdy joints and provide adequate surface area for the
attachment of ligaments and muscles. Other bones have depressions
that receive rounded ends. Rough areas serve as points of
attachment for muscles, tendons, and ligaments. Grooves on the
surfaces of bones provide for the passage of blood vessels.
Openings occur where blood vessels and nerves pass through the
bone.
Slide 3
DEPRESSIONS AND OPENINGS FOSSA a depression in or on a bone
(ex. Supraspinous fossa of scapula) GROOVE/SULCUS/NOTCH a furrow or
depression that accomodates a soft structure such as a blood
vessel, nerve or tendon (ex. Intertubecular goove of the humerus,
scapular notch)
Slide 4
PROCESSES A process is any prominent projection of a bone.
Example Mastoid Process of the temporal bone ARTICULATING PROCESSES
(THAT FORM JOINTS) CONDYLE a large, rounded articular prominence
(ex.medial condyle of the femur) HEAD a rounded articular
projection supported on the constricted portion (neck) of a bone
(ex. Head of femur)
Slide 5
NON-ARTICULATING PROCESSES TO WHICH TENDONS, LIGAMENTS, AND
OTHER CONNECTIVE TISSUES ATTACH CREST a prominent borders or ridge
(ex. Iliac crest of coxal (hip) bone EPICONDYLE a prominence above
a condyle (ex. Medial epicondyle of the femur) LINE (Linea) a less
prominent ridge than a crest (ex. Linea aspera of the femur)
SPINOUS PROCESS (Spine) a sharp, slender process (ex. Spine of
scapula) TROCHANTER a large projection found only in the femur
TUBERCLE a small rounded process (ex. Greater tubercle of humerus)
TUBEROSITY a large, rounded, usually roughened process (ex. Ischial
tuberosity of the hipbone)
