BONDS…

Valence electrons do the bonding- look at your chart

GOALS– To fill up the energy level

They can do that by giving away electrons Or by receiving electrons Or by sharing electrons

GROUP NAMES

Charge Trend

Align with

Charge trend

Alkali Metals +1

Alkaline Earth Metals

+2

Boron Family +3

Carbon family

+4/-4

GROUP NAME

Charge Trend

Align with

Charge trend

Alkali Metals +1 Halogens

Alkaline Earth Metals

+2 Oxygen fam

Boron Family +3 Nitrogen fam

Carbon family

+4/-4 Itself…

GROUP NAME

Charge Trend

Align with

Charge trend

Alkali Metals +1 Halogens

-1

Alkaline Earth Metals

+2 Oxygen family

-2

Boron Family +3 Nitrogen family

-3

Carbon family

+4/-4 Itself…

What about me?!!!• Tell me about the Noble Gases….• What is their charge trend?

• Tell me about the transition elements…

They don’t bond because they have a full energy level… They exist alone….

They don’t follow the rules, they are complicated…

Ionic Bonds

Giving/receiving But what is really holding them together???

Ionic compounds… properties

Form crystals Have high melting and boiling points Very hard and brittle Conduct electricity + charge : cation - charge : anion

Show these ionic bonds using electron dot diagrams, and a 3 step process….

NaCl (sodium chloride) Magnesium Oxide (MgO) , Sodium hydroxide (NaOH)

Covalent Bonds

Co-operation/ sharing …. A way to remember Share 2: single bond Share 4: double bond Share 6 : triple bond Held together this way? Molecule!

USE the Venn diagram system to show covalent bonds!!

Draw how these atoms bond covalently in a 3 step process…

Water (H2O) Methane (CH4) Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)