Bob Marley Biography

8/6/2019 Bob Marley Biography

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Bob Marley Biography

Early life and career

Bob Marley was born in the small village ofSaint Ann Parish, Jamaicaas Nesta Robert Marley.[4] A Jamaican passport official would later

swap his first and middle names.[5] His father Norval Sinclair Marleywas a white Jamaican ofEnglish descent. Norval was a Marine officer

and captain, as well as a plantation overseer, when he marriedCedella Booker, a black Jamaican then eighteen years old.[6] Norvalprovided financial support for his wife and child, but seldom saw

them, as he was often away on trips. In 1955, when Marley was 10years old, his father died of a heart attack at age 60.[7] Marley

suffered racial prejudice as a youth, because of his mixed racialorigins and faced questions about his own racial identity throughout

his life. He once reflected:

I don't have prejudice against himself. My father was a white and mymother was black. Them call me half-caste or whatever. Me don't dipon nobody's side. Me don't dip on the black man's side nor the whiteman's side. Me dip on God's side, the one who create me and cause

me to come from black and white.

[8]

Marley became friends with Neville "Bunny" Livingston (later knownas Bunny Wailer), with whom he started to play music. He left schoolat the age of 14 to make music withJoe Higgs, a local singer and

devout Rastafari. It was at ajam session with Higgs and Livingstonthat Marley met Peter McIntosh (later known as Peter Tosh), who had

similar musical ambitions.[9]

In 1962, Marley recorded his first two singles, "Judge Not" and "OneCup of Coffee", with local music producer Leslie Kong. These songs,

released on the Beverley's label under the pseudonym of BobbyMartell,[10] attracted little attention. The songs were later re-released

on the box set, Songs of Freedom, a posthumous collection ofMarley's work.

Musical career

The Wailers

Main article: The Wailers (reggae band)

Wikinews has related news:

Vivien Goldman: An interview with Bob Marley's biographer
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In 1963, Bob Marley, Bunny Livingston, Peter McIntosh,JuniorBraithwaite, Beverley Kelso, and Cherry Smith formed a ska and

rocksteady group, calling themselves "The Teenagers". They laterchanged their name to "The Wailing Rudeboys", then to "The Wailing

Wailers", at which point they were discovered by record producerCoxsone Dodd, and finally to "The Wailers". By 1966, Braithwaite,

Kelso, and Smith had left The Wailers, leaving the core trio of Marley,Livingston, and McIntosh.

In 1966, Marley married Rita Anderson, and moved near his mother'sresidence in Wilmington, Delaware in the United States for a shorttime, during which he worked as a DuPont lab assistant and on theassembly line at a Chrysler plant, under the alias Donald Marley.[11]

Upon returning to Jamaica, Marley became a member of the Rastafarimovement, and started to wear his trademark dreadlocks (see the

religion sectionfor more on Marley's religious views).

After a conflict with Dodd, Marley and his band teamed up with Lee"Scratch" Perry and his studio band,The Upsetters. Although the

alliance lasted less than a year, they recorded what many considerThe Wailers' finest work. Marley and Perry split after a dispute

regarding the assignment of recording rights, but they would remainfriends and work together again.

Between 1968 and 1972, Bob and Rita Marley, Peter McIntosh and

Bunny Livingston re-cut some old tracks withJAD Records in Kingstonand London in an attempt to commercialize The Wailers' sound.Livingston later asserted that these songs "should never be releasedon an album they were just demos for record companies to listen

to."

The Wailers' first album, Catch A Fire, was released worldwide in1973, and sold well. It was followed a year later by Burnin', which

included the songs "Get Up, Stand Up" and "I Shot The Sheriff". Eric
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Clapton made a hit cover of "I Shot the Sheriff" in 1974, raisingMarley's international profile.

The Wailers broke up in 1974 with each of the three main members

going on to pursue solo careers. The reason for the breakup isshrouded in conjecture; some believe that there were disagreementsamongst Livingston, McIntosh, and Marley concerning performances,while others claim that Livingston and McIntosh simply preferred solo

work. McIntosh began recording under the name Peter Tosh, andLivingston continued as Bunny Wailer.

Bob Marley & The Wailers

Main article: Bob Marley & The Wailers

Despite the breakup, Marley continued recording as "Bob Marley &The Wailers". His new backing band included brothers Carlton andAston "Family Man" Barrett on drums and bass respectively,Junior

Marvin and Al Anderson on lead guitar,Tyrone Downie and Earl "Wya"Lindo on keyboards, and Alvin "Seeco" Patterson on percussion. The "IThrees", consisting ofJudy Mowatt, Marcia Griffiths, and Marley's wife,

Rita, provided backing vocals.

In 1975, Marley had his international breakthrough with his first hitoutside Jamaica, "No Woman, No Cry," from the Natty Dreadalbum.

This was followed by his breakthrough album in the US, RastamanVibration (1976), which spent four weeks on the Billboard charts TopTen.

In December 1976, two days before "Smile Jamaica", a free concertorganized by the Jamaican Prime Minister Michael Manley in an

attempt to ease tension between two warring political groups, Marley,his wife, and manager Don Taylor were wounded in an assault byunknown gunmen inside Marley's home. Taylor and Marley's wife

sustained serious injuries, but later made full recoveries. Bob Marleyreceived minor wounds in the chest and arm. The shooting was

thought to have been politically motivated, as many felt the concertwas really a support rally for Manley. Nonetheless, the concert

proceeded, and an injured Marley performed as scheduled.
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Bob Marley Live a painting by Steve Brogdon 1992

Marley left Jamaica at the end of 1976 for England, where he recordedhis Exodus and Kaya albums. Exodus stayed on the British albumcharts for 56 consecutive weeks. It included four UK hit singles:

"Exodus", "Waiting In Vain", "Jamming", "One Love", and a renditionofCurtis Mayfield's hit, "People Get Ready". It was here that he wasarrested and received a conviction for possession of a small quantity

ofcannabis while traveling in London.

In 1978, Marley performed at another political concert in Jamaica, theOne Love Peace Concert, again in an effort to calm warring parties.

Near the end of the performance, by Marley's request, Manley and hispolitical rival, Edward Seaga, joined each other on stage and shook

hands.

Babylon by Bus, a double live album with 13 tracks, was released in1978 to critical acclaim. This album, and specifically the final track"Jammin'" with the audience in a frenzy, captured the intensity of

Marley's live performances.

Survival, a defiant and politically charged album, was released in1979. Tracks such as "Zimbabwe", "Africa Unite", "Wake Up and Live",

and "Survival" reflected Marley's support for the struggles ofAfricans.His appearance at the Amandla Festival in Boston in July 1979 showedhis strong opposition to South African apartheid, which he already had

shown in his song "War" in 1976. In early 1980, he was invited toperform at the April 17 celebration ofZimbabwe's Independence Day.

Uprising (1980) was Bob Marley's final studio album, and is one of hismost religious productions, including "Redemption Song" and

"Forever Loving Jah". It was in "Redemption Song" that Marley sangthe famous lyric,
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Emancipate yourselvesfrom mental slavery

None but ourselves canfree our minds

Confrontation, released posthumously in 1983, contained unreleasedmaterial recorded during Marley's lifetime, including the hit "Buffalo

Soldier" and new mixes of singles previously only available inJamaica.

Later years

Cancer diagnosis

In July 1977, Marley was found to have acral lentiginous melanoma, aform ofmalignant melanoma, in a football wound on his right hallux(big toe). Marley refused amputation, because of the Rastafari belief

that the body must be "whole":

Rasta no abide amputation. I don'tallow a man to be dismantled.

From the biography Catch a Fire

Marley may have seen medical doctors as samfai (tricksters,deceivers). True to this belief Marley went against all surgical

possibilities and sought out other means that would not break hisreligious beliefs. He also refused to register a will, based on the

Rastafari belief that writing a will is acknowledging death asinevitable, thus disregarding the everlasting (or everliving, as Rastas

say) character of life.

Collapse and treatment

The cancer then metastasized to Marley's brain, lungs, liver, andstomach. After playing two shows at Madison Square Garden as part

of his fall 1980 Uprising Tour, he collapsed while jogging in NYC'sCentral Park. The remainder of the tour was subsequently cancelled.

Bob Marley played his final concert at the Stanley Theater inPittsburgh, Pennsylvania on September 23, 1980. The live version of"Redemption Song" on Songs of Freedom was recorded at this show.

[12] Marley afterwards sought medical help from Munich specialistJosefIssels, but his cancer had already progressed to the terminal stage.

Death and posthumous reputation
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AprJul 1976: Rastaman Vibration Tour (USA, Canada,Germany, Sweden, Netherlands, France, England, Wales)

MayJun 1977: Exodus Tour (France, Belgium, Netherlands,Germany, Sweden, Denmark, England)

MayAug 1978: Kaya Tour (USA, Canada, England, France,Spain, Sweden, Denmark, Norway, Netherlands, Belgium)

AprMay 1979: Babylon by Bus Tour (Japan, New Zealand,Australia, Hawaii)

Oct 1979Jan 1980: Survival Tour (USA, Canada,Trinidad/Tobago, Bahamas, Gabon)

MaySep 1980: Uprising Tour (Switzerland, Germany, France,Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Belgium, Netherlands, Italy, Spain,

Ireland, England, Scotland, Wales, USA)

Awards and honors

Marley's star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame

1976: Band of the Year (Rolling Stone) June 1978: Awarded the Peace Medal of the Third World from

the United Nations February 1981: Awarded Jamaica's third highest honor, the

Jamaican Order of Merit March 1994: Inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame 1999: Album of the Century for Exodus (Time Magazine) February 2001: A star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame

February 2001: Awarded Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award
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2004: Rolling Stone Magazine ranked him #11 on their list ofthe 100 Greatest Artists of All Time.

"One Love" named song of the millennium by The BBC Voted as one of the greatest lyricists of all time by a BBC poll.[19]

2006 A plaque dedicated to him by Nubian Jak community trustand supported by Her Majesties Foreign Office.

The Marley Family

Bob Marley had 13 children: three with his wife Rita, two adoptedfrom Rita's previous relationships, and the remaining eight with

separate women.[17] His children are, in order of birth:

1. Imani Carole Marley, born May 22, 1963, to Cheryl Murray;2. Sharon Marley, born November 23, 1964, to Rita in previous

relationship;3. Cedella Marley, born August 23, 1967, to Rita;

4. David "Ziggy" Marley, born October 17, 1968, to Rita;5. Stephen Marley, born April 20, 1972, to Rita;

6. Robert "Robbie"Marley, born May 16, 1972, to Pat Williams;7. Rohan Marley, born May 19, 1972, to Janet Hunt;

8. Karen Marley, born 1973 to Janet Bowen;9. Stephanie Marley, born August 17, 1974; according to Cedella

Booker she was the daughter of Rita and a man called Ital withwhom Rita had an affair; nonetheless she was acknowledged asBob's daughter;

10.Julian Marley, bornJune 4, 1975, to Lucy Pounder;11. Ky-Mani Marley, born February 26, 1976, to Anita Belnavis;12. Damian Marley, bornJuly 21, 1978, to Cindy Breakspeare;13. Makeda Marley, born May 30, 1981, to Yvette Crichton.

Cedella Marley

Daughter

Cedella Marley's life has always been rooted in music and culture.Growing up in the hills of Jamaica and touring the world as a MelodyMaker, Cedella has had the best of both worlds - "a little bit countryand a little bit rock-n-roll." As the firstchild of the Reggae legend Bob Marley, Cedella has witnessed historyin the making. She continually combines her vast influences ofpeople, places, cultures and music, sharing it all with the worldthrough her creative endeavors.
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Currently living in Miami, Cedella balances her life as C.E.O. of TuffGong International, one of four Melody Makers, and a full time mom ofthree.

With two Grammy awards and eight acclaimed albums under theirbelt, the Melody Makers continue to tour internationally and performon numerous TV shows. As head of the record label originally formedby her father, Cedella has developed razorsharp business skills. She is a natural performer and has receivedcritical acclaim for her on-screen work with Gina Gershon in JoeyBreaker. In every aspect of her life, be it performing, managing acompany or at home, Cedella actively safeguards and honors herfather's great legacy and style. It is a challenge she meets withdetermination, self confidence and energy.

Cedella has harnessed her creative energy and put it towardsdeveloping a collection of customized women's clothing, appropriatelynamed Catch A Fire, the title of her father's first album. With thisproject, Cedella once again intends tokeep her father's memory and message alive while sharing it with theworld through her own distinct fashion sensibility.

David Ziggy MarleySon

"This album is from my heart," says Ziggy Marley of his second soloalbum, Love is My Religion (Tuff Gong Worldwide). Embracing boththe spiritual and emotional side of life, Ziggy has definitively comeinto his own as an artist. The 12-track album, scheduled for releaseearly July, showcases Ziggy's tightly rolled talents as a songwriter


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(writing all cuts), musician (playing most of the instruments) andproducer (shepherding all dozen tracks, with three co-produced byGrammy winner Ross Hogarth). The only thing more joyful thanmaking it, says Ziggy, is the anticipation of the global tour he expects

to kick off this summer.

Written "all over the world," withsome songs penned during his youth, Love Is My Religion expandsupon the personal, social and political themes explored in Ziggy'sdebut CD, Dragonfly. Its musical center is clearly reggae, peppered byAfrican percussion and other flavors. Opening with the subversivelydanceable "Into the Groove," Ziggy delves into an upbeat meditationon finding one's self. On the title track, "Love is My Religion," his

message is one that "people need to hear," a unifying devotion tolove that "needs to be preached in churches and mosque andsynagogues." The notion of overcoming stereotypes and superstitioninforms the slinky "Black Cat," while the romantic "Make Some Music"finds a partner in the mid-tempo "A Lifetime."

Friendship is one of the album's recurring themes, whether as thecore of monogamous love or the connective tissue of globalbrotherhood. "Friend" and "On the Beach in Hawaii" each offer an odeto love. In "Keep on Dreamin'," Ziggy extends the idea into thespiritual world, reconnecting with his father through dreams. The

album's most political song, "Be Free," implores the listener to rejectthe manipulating power of fear. Slavery and its continuing effects areexplored on "Still the Storms," which laments the crises in nations likeSudan, Rwanda and Sierra Leone by analogizing the path ofhurricanes with the path of slave ships. The album closes with thesimple and the complex: an acoustic guitar version of "Love Is MyReligion" and a bass-heavy, trip-hop mix of "Be Free."

A native of Kingston, Jamaica, Ziggy first sat in on recording sessionswith his father when he was ten years old. Joining with his threesiblings to become The Melody Makers, Ziggy crafted his own soulfulsound blending blues, R&B, hip-hop and reggae.


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After two decades as the driving creative force behind The MelodyMakers - a triple Grammy-winning act which included brother Stephenand sisters Sharon and Cedella, Ziggy released his debut solo album

in 2003, Dragonfly(RCA Victor Group), which featured such guestartists as Flea and John Frusciante (Red Hot Chili Peppers), MikeEinziger and DJ Kilmore (Incubus). He has contributed to a variety ofsoundtracks including 50 First Dates and Shark's Tale, in which hedelved into acting for the first time, playing the character of Bernie,the Jamaican jellyfish.

In addition to his skills as a singer, songwriter and producer, Ziggyfounded U.R.G.E. (Unlimited Resources Giving Enlightenment), a non-profit organization that benefits a wide range of charitable children'scauses in Jamaica, Ethiopia and other developing nations. Morerecently he has thrown his support behind the Youth AIDS campaign.

Stephen MarleySon

If you think you don't know the music of Stephen Marley, you do-you

just don't realize it. A member of the celebrated Marley sibling groupThe Melody Makers since the age of seven, the Grammy winningproducer, singer, songwriter, and multi-instrumentalist has also beenthe driving creative force behind the music of his brothers. Stephen'sproduction, performance and writing credits recently earned him two

Grammys, giving him a total of five, more than any other reggaeartist in history.

Born in 1972, the second son of Bob Marley, Stephen was dancingand singing onstage during his father and The Wailers' live shows

(alongside older siblings Ziggy and Cedella) by the time he was old

enough to walk. As a young boy, he stayed at home while Ziggy and


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Cedella entered school. There, he would shadow his father, mimic hisspeech and quickly fall in love with such future reggae anthems as"Lively Up Yourself." At seven, he also began learning guitar on a

nylon-stringed acoustic.

In 1979, Stephen made his official debut when The Melody Makers cuttheir first single, "Children Playing in the Streets," and followed it

up in 1985 with their debut LP, Play the Game Right. Over the nextdecade, the group would follow in their father's footsteps, racking upGrammy awards and bringing conscious songs and one-love rhythms

to every corner of the globe.

With his highly anticipated debut solo album, not only does the soundand soul of Stephen Marley come into vivid focus, but the 34 year-oldartist is now stepping to center stage for the first time in his 27-yearcareer. Appropriately, Mind Control is all Stephen and a cornucopia of

the sounds and styles that he loves: a blend of reggae, rock, R&B,nyabinghi rhythms, flamenco and hip-hop. It's an album with the gritand flavor to rock old-school Kingston sound systems and slippery,

waxed Miami Range Rovers alike.

Featuring cameos from roots-rock star Ben Harper, hip-hop hero MosDef and younger brother Damian "Jr. Gong" Marley, it's a collection ofsongs that range from conscious critiques of society ("Mind Control")

and politics ("Chase Dem"), to the sweet and open-hearted ("Hey

Baby"), to the simple and fun (the sexy, club-rocking, Latin-tingedgrinder "Let Her Dance," which features Maya Azucena & Illestr8).

"My joy and my pain, this is me," Marley says, humbly. "It's a pagefrom my book. Every page tells a story, but at the same time is acontinuation of the page before it or the page to come. This is just

one page."

The album's breezy, horn-spiced title track casts a light on a modernday form of slavery, its words conscious, its groove monstrous: "That

song is about subliminal slavery, hi-tech slavery, subliminal

suppression," says Stephen. "It holds you down, it holds a man downfrom being wholesome." It's a call to arms for us to take back our

lives, free our minds, regain our spiritual souls and think forourselves: "Don't let them mold your mind/They wanna controlmankind/Seems like their only intention is to exploit the Earth."

Tapping into the disillusionment triggered by elected leaders in boththe U.S. and Jamaican governments, the vintage, easy-skanking rootsreggae of "Chase Dem" rips into the insincere, crooked politicians by

shouting "run them away." If the balance ofMind Control soundswholly created in the 21st Century, "Chase Dem" blasts out of the


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subwoofers like a long lost jewel from Bob himself. With that song,Stephen says, "It's like me post a bill saying, 'Just say no to politics.'"

The softer and sweeter side of Stephen is also on full display in the

album. A smooth, smart slab of hip-hop featuring a dose of Brooklynflow courtesy of Mos Def on the album's first single, "Hey Baby," isbased on a song Stephen would sing to his children to keep them

from being sad while he was on tour with The Melody Makers: "Heybaby/ don't you worry/ even though the road is rocky/ I'll be coming

home to you again." The hypnotic "Lonely Avenue," is a sweet,harmony vocal- and organ-soaked take on the Ray Charles classic-

done Marley style. "I'm a big fan of Ray," says Marley. "I couldn't tellyou the first time I heard him, but I could tell ya what I remember ishearing him and feeling him in pain." Blending modern sounds withclassic roots vibes, Mind Control finds Stephen carrying the Marleylegacy even further into the future with such samples as the smart

piece of the Martina Topley Bird song "Sandpaper Kisses" heardthroughout "You're Gonna Leave."

The album includes a trilogy of sorts ("Officer Jimmy Interlude," "TheTraffic Jam," featuring Damian, and "Iron Bars," featuring brother

Julian Marley, Mr. Cheeks & Spragga Benz) inspired by the few hoursthat Stephen and Julian spent in a Tallahassee jail in 2002 for

marijuana possession: On "Iron Bars," on which he sings "Let meout!/Let me out!/I'm an angry lion," Stephen asks himself, "What am I

doing here, among the wolves? For some herb? It's like I'm amurderer. Ya know what I mean? Ya make me feel like I'm amurderer, for some herb, where, ya know, it's my culture."

The genre-meshing "Fed Up" is a flute-led lament of romanticmissteps. "She said, 'How could you treat me this way?/ What we had

was more than words could say,"while the album closing "Inna DiRed," featuring Ben Harper, is a thoughtful, shaker-dusted meditation

on inner peace.

In addition to recording his debut album, Stephen has been hunkered

down in the studio serving as the secret weapon behind both ofDamian's past two Grammy winners as well as behind the Ghetto

Youths International and Tuff Gong imprints. In addition to executiveproducing 1999's lauded, star-studded tribute to his father, Chant

Down Babylon, his production skills can be heard on albums by BujuBanton, brothers Julian and Ziggy, Spearhead, Eve, Erykah Badu,

Capleton and Mr. Cheeks. He's performed as a vocalist, percussionistor guitarist on albums by all the above, as well as albums by Eric

Clapton and others. Marley continues to work on new music for all ofhis brothers.


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If they felt it important to carry on their father's legacy, it's notsomething that Stephen and his brothers think much about anymore."That work has been done," Stephen says. "We are the legacy now."

Stephen also embarked on two U.S. concert tours this year, includingthe acclaimed "Bob Marley Roots, Rock Reggae Festival," where

brothers Stephen and Ziggy Marley joined together for the first timeever with reggae pioneer Bunny Wailer.

Stephen has built and laid the foundations for a full-blown Marleyfamily renaissance and with Mind Control, Stephen has achieved that:It's an album full of confidence and diversity in styles and emotion. "Idon't want to be just another artist. I want to make a statement, andto continue this legacy, this musical legacy, with my family. Just likemy brothers... I aspire to be a reckoning force, when you hear my

name, you know quality comes with that: good music, good message,good vibe."

Rohan Marley

Son

Rohan Marley, a son of Bob Marley, was born in Jamaica in 1972 andmoved to the United States, where he was a linebacker for the highly

ranked University of Miami college football team.After playingprofessionally for the Ottawa Rough Riders in the Canadian Football

League, Rohan decided to concentrate on family and businessendeavors.

Rohan also has carried on Bob's legacy by running the Tuff Gong

Clothing company. Bob founded Tuff Gong International in 1965 and


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gave it its colorful name because he claimed that one had to be "Tuff"to survive in music in Jamaica and he already had the nickname of

"the Gong." Now Rohan has taken the brand and the inimitableMarley style and applied it to Tuff Gong Clothing.

"The clothes are for everyone," Rohan says. "For the people--just likemy father's music."

Karen MarleyDaughter

Karen Marley, second daughter of Bob Marley, was born in England in1973 but grew up in Jamaica. Karen has always had a passion for

fashion and interior design influenced by her great grandmother,father and growing up in Jamaica. While growing up, Karen would

always envision ways to design and decorate the house by movingthe furniture around and bug her great grandparents to add on

features to the house or redo the bathroom. She was only 6 at thetime so she really wasn't taken seriously and instead, was sent

outside to play.

After graduating high school in Jamaica, Karen went to Canada tostudy interior design. The birth of her son, Jody-Nesta, brought her

back to Jamaica where she then opened up her own interior designbusiness and store.

In 1996 Karen moved back to London and decided to make anaddition to her career where she attended the Vidal Sassoon

Academy and became a hair stylist. While in London, Karen boughther first investment property and soon got into the property

development market.

The opportunity to express both her passions is what brought Karento Los Angeles, where she now works as an assistant designer for


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Catch a Fire Clothing and Tuff Gong Clothing, as well as a propertydeveloper.

Julian MarleySon

For Julian Marley, music is life, life is music and both are blessingsfrom above. "From a small age music has been there in my life. It'sjust natural. And it is with the inspiration of the Most High that I

create my songs," the artist, a son of Bob Marley, explains. Born onJune 4th, 1975 in London, England, Julian's development as a

singer/songwriter began when, at age five, he cut his first demo tape,recording a version of his father's classic composition, "Slave Driver,"

at the Marley family's Tuff Gong studio in Kingston. Since thatauspicious beginning, Julian has devoted himself to a life in music,

mastering a variety of instruments and writing songs that reflect hisdedication to spiritual upliftment and social change.

The 90s were a watershed period for the young artist. During theseyears, Julian formed his own band (the Uprising band), released a

critically acclaimed album (1996's Lion in the Morning, on which hewrote or co-wrote all the songs) and toured the world, both as a solo

performer backed by Uprising and as a member of Ghetto YouthsInternational, a musical collective whose core members are Julian andhis brothers, Stephen and Damian. Together, Julian and Damian were

the opening act for Ziggy Marley and the Melody Makers' 1995 UStour and featured artists in 1997 on the rock-oriented Lollapalooza

festival tour. Julian also assisted his brother Stephen with productionon 1999's platinum selling Chant Down Babylon and, along with

Spragga Benz and Marley siblings Stephen, Cedella, Damian and Ky-Mani, contributed an inspired version of "Master Blaster" to the 2003

Stevie Wonder tribute album, Conception.

Julian's newest offering,A Time and Place is an organic fusion of


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Ky-mani is a fitting name for a charismatic artist whose East Africanname means Adventurous Traveler. The only child of table tennis

champion Anita Belnavis and reggae icon Bob Marley, Ky-mani Marleywas born in Falmouth, Jamaica. At the age of nine he relocated to the

inner-city of Miami.

In the beginning, Ky-Mani was unaware of his musical abilities, sportsbeing his first love, but with his mother's direction, he took piano andguitar lessons and played trumpet in his high school band. In addition

to tapping into his musical talents Ky-Mani was a serious jock,competing in soccer and football. As a teenager Ky-Mani started

rapping and deejaying; his first single was "Unnecessary Badness." Hebecame inspired as a singer after being asked to sing a hook to a

song during a recording session at a studio in Miami. The decision toactually get into the entertainment world loomed over him because of

his father's legacy. Ky-Mani soon began experimenting with layingtracks, at times with his brothers, Stephen, Julian and Damian.

Ky-Mani signed to Shang Records where he recorded several singles:"Judge Not" with Patra, followed by "Dear Dad," "Who The Cap Fit

(remix)" and "Sensimelia," all of which added to his growingreputation as a master in the new generation of reggae musicians. In1997, Ky-Mani joined forces with Praswell (Fugees) on a hit cover of

Eddy Grant's "Electric Avenue." The extent of his star power becameabundantly clear when Ky-Mani took the stage at Midem(international music showcase), when it was was held in Miami for the

first time. Catering to an international audience in the filled tocapacity Cameo Theatre, Ky-Mani delivered an explosive set which

aired live by CANA (Caribbean News Agency) to 36 countries.

Ky-Mani immediately became the subject of an intense label biddingwar. He signed with Gee Street/V2 Records in 1997 where he

completed a collaboration with label mate P.M. Dawn on the single"Gotta Be Movin' On Up" (Senseless Soundtrack, which went Gold in

Africa). Both collaborations helped to establish Ky-Mani outside his


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tight knit reggae community.

Ky-Mani's willingness to embrace all genres of music is also evident inthe 1999 release, The Journey. From the Spanish guitar which

introduces "RudeBoy," to the lover rock flow of "Fell In Love," thedeeply spiritual "Lord Is My Shepherd" or the rock steady tribute

"Dear Dad," Ky-mani brings songs of universal themes laced with apersonal insight and passion.

Fulfilling his name adventurous traveler branching out from his music,Ky-mani Marley has also made a name for himself as an actor playing

the lead role in the number one underground movie coming out ofJamaica Shottas directed by Cess Silvera, co-starring Spragga Benzand Paul Campbell. Displaying his diversification and talent playing

the role of a bad man in Shottas, Ky-mani Marley then went on to playthe lead Kassa with co-star Cherine Anderson in One Love, a romantic

comedy infused with the music and culture of Jamaica.

Ky-mani Marley is now working on his third album showcasing hisgrowth as an individual and illustrating the duality of his personality:Ky-mani and Maestro. The result is an urban sound deeply rooted in

the reggae and hip hop cultures. The album promises to be arefreshing departure from the typical synthetic pop associated with

the genre, and will instead be a representation of authentic urban hip-hop and reggae fusion.

Documents

Bob Marley Biography