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8/12/2019 BoAML CalGEM Conference
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BofA Merril Lynch - CalGEMs
Global Emerging Markets 1x1 ConferenceMay 2014
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2
The information contained in this presentation may include statements whichconstitute forward-looking statements, within the meaning of Section 27A of the U.S.
Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the U.S. Securities Exchange
Act of 1934, as amended. Such forward-looking statements involve a certain degree of
risk and uncertainty with respect to business, financial, trend, strategy and other
forecasts, and are based on assumptions, data or methods that, although considered
reasonable by the company at the time, may turn out to be incorrect or imprecise, or
may not be possible to realize. The company gives no assurance that expectations
disclosed in this presentation will be confirmed. Prospective investors are cautioned
that any such forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance
and involve risks and uncertainties, and that actual results may differ materially from
those in the forward-looking statements, due to a variety of factors, including, but not
limited to, the risks of international business and other risks referred to in the
companys filings with the CVM and SEC. The company does not undertake, and
specifically disclaims any obligation to update any forward-looking statements, which
speak only for the date on which they are made.
Disclaimer
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3
Company Overview1Pulp and Paper Market2
Financial and Operational Highlights3
Agenda
Final Remarks
4
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4
Company Overview
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5
A Winning Player
Port Terminal Pulp Unit
Trs Lagoas
Santos
AracruzPortocel
Caravelas
BelmonteVeracel
Jacare
Superior Asset Combination Main Figures 1Q14 LTM
Pulp capacity million tons 5.300
Net revenues R$ billion 7.1
Total Forest Base (1) thousand hectares 962
Planted area(1) thousand hectares 558
Net Debt R$ billion 7.0
Net Debt/EBITDA (in Dollars)(2) X 2.4
Net Debt/EBITDA (in Reais) X 2.4
Source: Fibria
(1) Including 50% of Veracel, excluding forest partnership areas and excluding the forest base linked to the sale of forest assets in Southern Bahia State and Losango.(2) For covenants purposes, the Net Debt/EBITDA ratio is calculated in Dollars.
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6
Fibrias Units Industrial Capacity
* Veracel is a joint venture between Fibria (50%) and Stora Enso (50%) and the total capacity is 1,120 thousand ton/year
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7
Worldwide presence
Strong global customer base
Long-term relationships
Focus on customers with stable business
Customized pulp products and services
Sound forestry and industrial R&D
Focus on less volatile end-use markets such as tissue
Efficient logistics set up
Low dependence on volatile markets such as China
Low credit risk
100% certified pulp (FSC and PEFC/Cerflor)
Sales Mix by End Use - Fibria
Sales Mix by Region - Fibria
Europe
39%
N. A.
28%
Asia
25%
Others8%
LTM 1Q14
Tissue
53% P&W
29%
Specialty
18%
LTM 1Q14
Highlights
30%20%
29% 29% 24%18%
26% 26% 30% 22%28% 31% 30%
19%
37%46%
46% 41%
35% 44%
43% 41% 36%42%
43% 35% 36%46%
22% 25%14% 20%
31% 28%20% 23% 25% 26%
21% 26% 26% 26%
11% 9% 11% 10% 10% 10% 11% 10% 9% 10% 8% 8% 8% 9%
4Q10 1Q11 2Q11 3Q11 4Q11 1Q12 2Q12 3Q12 4Q12 1Q13 2Q13 3Q13 4Q13 1Q14
North America Europe Asia Others
Fibrias Commercial Strategy
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8
(1) Controlling group
(2) Free Float 40.14% + Treasury 0.06%
VotorantimIndustrial S.A.
(1)
29.42%
BNDESParticipaes
(1)
30.38%
FreeFloat (2)
40.20%
Only 1 class of shares 100% voting rights
100% tag along rights (Brazilian corporate law establishes 80%)
Board of Directors with minimum 20% independent members
Financial Statements in International StandardsIFRS
Adoption of Arbitration Chamber
SEC Registered with ADRs
Indebtedness and liquidity
Market risk management
Risk management
Corporate governance
Information disclosure
Stock trading
Fiscal
Council
Board of
Directors
20% independentmembers
Role of CEO andchairman is split
Innovation
Committee
StatutoryAudit
Committee
Finance
Committee
Sustainability
Committee
Personnel andRemuneration
Committee
General
Meeting
Listed on Novo Mercado, highest CG level at BM&FBovespa: Policies approved by the Board of Directors:
Shareholder Structure and Corporate Governance
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9
Fibria was elected as 1st place in thepulp & paper sector in the corporategovernance and future's vision
categories
Fibria is one of the 5 Brazilian companiesnominees to the Best Corporate
GovernanceAward from London.
Company of the year,among all industries,according to ValorEconmico.
Valor 1000
XVII ANEFAC-FIPECAFI - SERASAEXPERIAN Prize
Fibria is among the mosttransparent public companiesin Brazil, recognized for the
quality of its 2012 financialstatements.
Fibria was ranked for the forthconsecutive year (2010, 2011, 2012
and 2013).
In 2013 Fibria was ranked in fourcategories: CEO, CFO, IR Team and IRProfessional
2013 Institutional Investor Latam Ranking -P&P Sector
Fibria was selected as one of the 10 bestcompanies intransparency.
The only one inthe pulp & papersector.
CDP Brasil 100Climate Change 2013Reportpoca Negcios 360
International Recognition by CorporateGovernance Report
Fibria was elected as 2nd place.The prize highlights thebusiness profitability,
share profitability,liquidity, corporategovernance and sustainability.
The Best Companies to the ShareholdersPrize of Capital Aberto Magazine
Fibria is the only Latin America companyselected by RobecoSAM (responsible forDJSI) as one of the 10 worldwide leaders inSRI magazines The 10 Game Changers
Changing the industry throughsustainability.
RobecoSAM - Sustainability InvestingMagazine
Selected to Dow Jones World andEmerging Markets Sustainability
Indices for 2013/14 as the industryleader of Forestry Resources and
Paper sector.
DJSI World and DJSI Emerging Markets
Acknowledgments: Governance, Transparency, Profitability & Sustainability
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Today, according to public information, there will be a 11% increase of the
pulp market capacity between 2014 and 2016
SOFTWOOD(1)
25.5 MT
HARDWOOD(1)
31.1 MT
MARKET PULP(1)
56.6 MT+ =
2014-2016(3):
New capacities: 6.0 mt
Announced Closures: (0.13) mt
Net: 5.9 mt
2014-2016(2):
New capacities: 0.7 mt
Announced Closures: (0.35) mt
Net: 0.35 mt
2014-2016:
New capacities: 6.7 mt
Announced Closures: (0.5) mt
Net: 6.2 mt
(1) Source: PPPC Special Research Note May 2014 does not include Sulphite and UKP
(2) Projects included: Paper Excellence (70kt); UPM Kymi (170kt); Klabin (200kt); Sodra Vr (275kt)| Closures: Birla AV Terrace Bay (350kt)
(3) Projects included: Maranho (1.5mt); Montes del Plata (1.3 mt); Oji Nantong (700kt); Eldorado (200kt); CMPC Guaba II (1.3 mt); Klabin Ortigueira (1.0mt) | Closures: April Rizhao
(130kt)
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844kt
196kt
-37kt
674kt
Total North America Western Europe China
+6%2013 vs. 2012
+12%
+23%
-1%
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
1100
0
50
100
150
200
250
jul/08
out/08
jan/09
abr/09
jul/09
out/09
jan/10
abr/10
jul/10
out/10
jan/11
abr/11
jul/11
out/11
jan/12
abr/12
jul/12
out/12
jan/13
abr/13
jul/13
out/13
jan/14
abr/14
Spread Avg. Spread BHKP NBSK
Global Pulp Market Demand
Demand growth rateHardwood (BHKP) vs. Softwood (BSKP) (000 ton)
Hardwood demand will continue to increase at a faster pace than Softwood
Source: PPPC Source: PPPC
(1) Source: PPPC World 20 December/2013
Shipments of Eucalyptus Pulp (1) NBSK vs. BHKP - Prices(1)
(1) Source: FOEX
0
5.000
10.000
15.000
20.000
25.000
30.000
35.000
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
Hardwood Softwood
2013 - 2018 CAGR:
Hardwood: +2.8%
Softwood: +0.7%000 ton 1998 2008 2018
Growth1998-2008
Growth2008-2018
Hardwood 15.0 24.5 32.8 63% 34%
Eucalyptus 6.0 14.2 23.2 137% 63%
Softwood 17.6 21.6 24.8 23% 15%
Market Pulp 32.6 46.1 57.1
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Supply structural changes puts pressure on the industry
MARKET PULP CAPACITY RANKING 2013 (000T) MAIN PROJECTS
Project Country Capacity Timing Fiber Status
Arauco / Stora Uruguay 1.3Mt 1Q2014 BEKP Confirmed
CMPC Guaba II Brazil 1.3 Mt 2Q2015 BEKP Confirmed
Klabin Paran Brazil 1.5 Mt 2Q2016BEKP/
BSKP/FluffConfirmed
APP South Sumatra Indonesia 2.0 Mt 4Q2016 BHKP Confirmed
Fibria Trs Lagoas II Brazil 1.75 Mt - BEKP Unconfirmed
COST CURVE EVOLUTION
USD/Adt,2
013costlevel
Cumulative Capacity Million t/a
Cost position
of marginal
producer
Source: Hawkins Wright , Poyry and Fibria Analysis
0 2000 4000 6000
Canfor
ENCE
Eldorado
Resolute Forest
Domtar
Mercer
Ilim
IP
Weyerhaeuser
Sodra
Stora Enso
Suzano
Metsa Group
Paper Excellence
UPM-Kymmene
Georgia Pacific
CMPC
Arauco
APRIL
Fibria
Bleached Softwood Kraft Pulp (BSKP)
Bleached Hardwood Kraft Pulp (BHKP)
Unbleached Kraft Pulp (UKP)
Mechanical
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Source: Hawkins Wright , Poyry and Fibria Analysis
Gross capacity addition should not be counted as the only factor
influencing pulp price volatility
BHKPprices-cifEu
rope(US$/ton)
Greenfield
capacity(000ton)
0,0
0,2
0,4
0,6
0,8
1,0
1,2
1,4
1,6
1,8
2,0
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1.000
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Valdivia
APPHainan
VeracelNueva Aldea
Santa F
Mucuri
FrayBentos
Kerinci
PL3
Trs
Lagoas
Rizhao
APP Guangxi
Chenming
Zhanjiang
EldoradoMontes del
Plata
Maranho
Guaba II
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Capacity closures DO happen
-910
-85
-1.260
-1.180
-540-500
-105
-1.085
-130
-1400
-1200
-1000
-800
-600
-400
-200
0
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014-2015
Source: PPPC and Fibria
Closures of Hardwood Capacity Worldwide
000 ton
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Technical Age and Scale in the Market Pulp IndustryFurther closures are expected due to lack of adequate investments in the industry
Hardwood (BHKP) Market Pulp Softwood (BSKP) Market Pulp
0
500
1.000
1.500
2.000
2.500
3.000
051015202530
PM Capacity, 1000 t/a
Technical Age, years
STRONG
2013/IQ
Weighted average
technical age 14.2 years
Weighted average
capacity 1184 000 t/a
Aracruz
Trs La go as
Veracel
Jacare
0
500
1.000
1.500
2.000
2.500
3.000
051015202530
PM Capacity, 1000 t/a
Technical Age, years
WEAK
STRONGWeighted average
technical age 21.2 years
Weighted average
capacity 503 000 t/a
2013/IQ
North American Pulp Mills Other Pulp Mills Closures Grade Switch On & Off
WEAK
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and when other expenses are plugged, we see no one but Fibria is
generating positive free cash flow in the industry
Total Cash Costof BHKP
delivered to
Europe
(US$/t)
528 493 502 453 479 464388 406 426
316 304 306 286 261 229
4840
7170 47 42
112 36 42
50 41 45 5667
68
57113
44
Cash Cost (US$/t) Delivery (US$/t)
Source: Hawkins Wright (Outlook for Market Pulp, March2014) | Fibrias 1Q14 LTM considering a FX of R$/US$2.25.
519
SG&AOthers
CAPEX
Interest
Working Capital = +11
Capacity(k tons): 660 595 1,775 585 565 355 1,005 2,410 1,960 1,095 12,750 = 31,930330 3,680 4,165
FOEX
Net price
809
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China: Paper capacities expansion continues to go on
China corresponds to 2/3 of global tissue capacity expansion
Ktons 2013 2014E 2015E Total
P&W (woodfree) 385 150 576 1,111
Tissue 1,029 1,831 471 3,331
Cartonboard 2,128 1,650 180 3,958
Total 3,542 3,631 1,227 8,400
Source: Fibria and Independent Consultants
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World Tissue Consumption, 1991-2013 (3)
Per Capita Consumption of Tissue by World Region (3)China's Share of Market Pulp (2)
24
15 15
12
7 65
1
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
N.
America
West
Europe
Japan Oceania East
Europe
LatAm China Africa
9 11 1316
26
1721 20
23
79 10
12
22
1620 19
2110
1012
14
21
17
2223
23
0
2.000
4.000
6.000
8.000
10.000
12.000
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
Eucaplyptus Hardwood Total
1.889
760556
439
60 53 21
1.922
805
516525
57 10 9
0
500
1.000
1.500
2.000
2.500
BHKP
Total
Latin
America
Others* Indonesia USA Canada Western
Europe
1Q2013
1Q2014
Latin America is the
leading exporter of BHKP
to China, accounting toapproximately 42% of
China's total imports in
1Q2014.
(Kg/capita/year)
(million t)(000s t) (kg/person/year)
Between 2005 and 2013,
the Chinese market share
of eucalyptus shipments
increased by 14 p.p.
(total market pulp: + p.p.)
* includes Russia, China, Thailand and New Zealand
0
5
10
15
20
2530
35
1991 1996 2001 2006 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
N.America W.Europe E.Europe L.America
Middle East Japan China Asia FE
Oceania Africa
LTM Growth
Rate +4.2%
Benefiting From Chinas Growth
Chinas Hardwood Imports of BHKP by Country (1)
(1) PPPC Pulp China
(2) PPPC W20. Coverage for chemical market pulp is 80% of world capacity
(3) RISI
(In percentage)
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Internal Consumption and Urbanization
Chinas private consumption vs. exports
(CNY trillion and annual % change) (1)Chinese Urbanization Driver of Long-Term Growth
(UN Population Projections, Millions)(2)
Sources: (1) the Economist. (2) RISI China Pulp Market Study.
Shift from exports to private consumption;
Positive effects on households income and rising standards of living.
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The maturity of synergies captured since Fibrias creation improved its
operating indicators
+15%
4,600
5,0545,184
5,299 5,271 5,272
2009* 2010* 2011 2012 2013 1Q14 LTM
PRODUCTION VOLUME (000 t)BEST PRACTICES AND OPERATING STABILITY
Historical Value Inflation Effect**
-21%
CASH COST (R$/ton)
Historical Value Inflation Effect**
-17%
SG&A (R$ million)STRUCTURE AND PROCESS SIMPLIFICATION
1,522
2,526
1,9642,253
2,796 2,910
2009* 2010* 2011 2012 2013 1Q14 LTM
29%
40%34% 36%
40% 41%
EBITDA (R$ million) - EBITDA MARGIN (%)
* Excludes Conpacel | ** IPCA index considered to calculate the inflation effect
432 448 471 473505 515
656 624 596549 545
2009* 2010* 2011 2012 2013 1Q14 LTM
593 593 605 584648 659
900826 766 678 699
2009* 2010* 2011 2012 2013 1Q14 LTM
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Net Debt (Million)
1,475
1,484
2,959
1,288
777 773
1,3861,230
943650
1,367
26 5
1,356
Liquidity 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024
Pre-payment BNDES NCE ACC/ACE/Other Voto IV Bond Pro Forma
(cash)
(revolving)
3.1 2.82.4
3.12.6 2.4
9,898 9,7738,445
4,915 4,1723,732
Mar/13 Dec/13 Mar/14
R$ US$
7,516 7,849 6,969
3,732 3,351 3,080
Mar/13 Dec/13 Mar/14
R$ US$
Net Debt/EBITDA (US$)Net Debt/EBITDA (R$)
- 24%
Debt Amortization Schedule (R$ million)
- 11%
Indebtedness
Gross Debt (Million)
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Liquidity Events: delivered as promised
1,361
5,715
1,045
850
836
1,403
1,268
1,851
1,625
EQUITY OFFERING FOREST SALE 2012 (1) FCF 2012 LAND DEAL FCF 2013 TOTAL
4.8 5.2 4.7 4.53.4 3.1 3.3 3.0 2.8 2.4
Dec/11 Mar/12 Jun/12 Sep/12 Dec/12 Mar/13 Jun/13 Sep/13 Dec/13 Mar/14
Net Debt/EBITDA (x) R$
(1) Losango and forestry assets and land in the south of Bahia State
2012 Bond
prepayment
2013 Bond
prepayment
Available
Sources (R$ Million) Uses (R$ Million)
2014 Bond
prepayment
REFIS
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Interest expense and cost on foreign currency debt
Fonte: Fibria e Bloomberg
143
126
133137
123 125 123 122126
120
134
120 117
109
94 9387 85
4Q09 1Q10 2Q10 3Q10 4Q10 1Q11 2Q11 3Q11 4Q11 1Q12 2Q12 3Q12 4Q12 1Q13 2Q13 3Q13 4Q13 1Q14
6.3
6.8
6.0 6.0 5.9
6.3
5.85.5 5.5 5.5 5.4
5.2 5.2 5.2
4.7 4.5 4.6
4.1
4Q09 1Q10 2Q10 3Q10 4Q10 1Q11 2Q11 3Q11 4Q11 1Q12 2Q12 3Q12 4Q12 1Q13 2Q13 3Q13 4Q13 1Q14
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Fibria 2024 New Bond Issuance
Principal: US$ 600 millon
Issuance Date: May/2014
Coupon: 5.25% a.a.
Bookbuilding: 11.5x
Spread over T10Y: 275.0 bps
Issuance
US$ 600 million
Highlights
- SEC registered;
- IG document;
- Increased debt profiles;
- Fibria 2021 early redemption of US$430 million (78%
of the total). Remaining outstanding : US$118 million.
Fibria 2024
- For liability management purposes only;
- Savings of US$ 5.5 MM in interest per year.
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560
214(258)
(99)
25
(6) (8)
Adjusted EBITDA Capex Net Interest Working
Capital
IR/CS Other Free Cash Flow
Fibria delivers one of the highest EBITDA/t and FCF/t of the industry
(1) Does not include: the capital gain on assets sales, Bonds repurchases and the tax payment (REFIS) over profit earnings abroad
2,910
1,111
(1,340)
(516)
132(30) (45)
Adjusted EBITDA Capex Net Interest Working
Capital
IR/CS Other Free Cash Flow
Free cash flow generation(1) - 1Q14 LTM (R$ Million)
Free Cash Flow per ton - 1Q14 LTM (R$/ton)
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2.001.76 1.67
1.952.16
2.25
562
844 810751 791
787
FX and Pulp Price explain 80% of Fibrias EBITDA Margin
Average Price
FOEX (US$/t)
Exchange Rate
Average (R$/US$)
EBITDA Margin
EBITDA (R$ million)
29%
40%
34% 36%40%
41%
1,522
2,526
1,9642,253
2,796 2,910
2009 (1) 2010 (1) 2011 (1) 2012 2013 1Q14 LTM
(1) Excludes Conpacel
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32Final Remarks
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33
PULP
- Growth with discipline
- Best portfolio of projects
BIO-ENERGY
- Complementary to pulp
- Ensyn
INDUSTRY
CONSOLIDATION ?
OTHER OPPORTUNITIES
- Portocel
- Land and forest
PotentialGrowth
Prospects
Fibria is seeking value creation for its shareholders with capital discipline
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Key Highlights
Sound credit profile, with decreasing leverage ratios
Market leader with a highly profitable operation and cash cost
below industry average
Highly experienced and qualified management team
Highly recognized and awarded by industry specialists
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35Back up
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Hedge
Hedging Strategy
Debt Hedge:
- Swap operations (currency and rate)- Maturity aligned with original debt
- No margin call
Operating Hedge:
- Net FX exposure protection in US$ in up to 18 months
- Current strategy: Zero Cost Collar
- No leverage
- No margin call
- 03/31/2014 data:
- Notional: US$ 932 million
- 41% of protected net exposure
- Maturity: up to 12 months
All Fibria operations are registered at CETIP
Governance
Hedging Policy approved by the Board of Directors and available at
the Investor Relations website.
Periodical follow up of the hedge portfolio by the Finance Committee
Maximum % of exposed operational flow is defined according to the
FX risk management policy.
Governance, Risk and Compliance (GRC) Team:
- Report to CEO
- Responsible for monitoring policies compliance
- Independent from Treasury
ZeroCostCollar x NDF Payoff
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Fibrias tax structure
Tax benefits (R$)
Fiscal - annual adjustment
Benefit Amount Maturity
Goodwill(Aracruzacquisition)
Annual tax deduction:~R$89 million (tax)
Remaining Balance Dec./13:R$1.29 billion (base)
2018
Forestry Capex inMato Grosso doSul state
2014s tax deduction relatedto depletion: R$ 5,5 million
(tax)
Undefined
Tax loss carry forward and tax credits
Benefit Amount
Tax losscarryforward
Balance up to Mar./14:R$631 million (base)
Accumulated taxcredits
Balance Mar./2014:-PIS/COFINS: R$533 million- withholding tax (IR and CSLL):R$231 million
Actual tax payment (cash basis)
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
R$7 million R$16 million R$4 million R$15 million R$31 million
Due to productivity gains in its forests, Fibria had the opportunity to
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Due to productivity gains in its forests, Fibria had the opportunity to
explore this new ownership model
MAI* Pulp:(adt/ha/year)
10.6 10.9
12.1
15.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 15.0
2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045
FIBRIAS GAINS IN IMACEL DUE TO INVESTMENTS IN BIOTECHNOLOGY (TONS OF PULP/HA/YEAR)
2012 field trials = 11.9
Conservative assumption
*MAI: Mean annual increment
Actions: Genetic improvement
Excellence in forestry management
Superior industrial efficiency
Leadership position
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Leadership position
(1) Fiber Consumption, Recycled Fiber and Pulp: RISI | Market Pulp, Hardwood and Eucalyptus: PPPC Special Research Note - May 2014
Recycled Fiber
234 million t
49% 51%
60%
18% 82%
58% 42%
40%
35% 65%
29%71%
Fiber Consumption
403 million t
Pulp
169 million t
Chemical
139 million t
Mechanical
31 million t
Integrated Mills
84 million t
Market Pulp
56 million t
Hardwood
29 million t
Other Eucalyptus
Pulp producers:
13 million t
Softwood/Other
27 million t
Acacia/Other
10 million t
Eucalyptus
19 million t
Industry Outlook(1)
Global Paper Consumption
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Global Paper Consumption
1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
Developed Markets Emerging Markets
1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
Developed Markets Emerging Markets
CAGR 1996 2006
Developed Markets: + 1.7%
Emerging Markets : + 6.0%
85,291
117,611
15,548
37,474
P&W
Consumption
(000 tons)(1)
Tissue
Consumption
(000 tons)(1)
114,507
CAGR 2007 2016
Developed Markets: - 4.0%
Emerging Markets : + 4.1%
CAGR 1996 2006
Developed Markets: + 2.4%
Emerging Markets : + 6.9%
CAGR 2007 2016
Developed Markets: + 1.4%
Emerging Markets : + 6.7%
26,877
Source: RISI
Cash Production Cost 1Q14
8/12/2019 BoAML CalGEM Conference
41/41
Cash Production Cost 1Q14
507 466
549
1Q13 4Q13 1Q14
Cash Production Cost(R$/t)
463 466
524
1Q13 4Q13 1Q14
Cash Production Costex-downtimes
(R$/t)
1Q14 vs. 1Q13:
- Higher transportation costs
- Exchange rate
- Higher fixed costs
- Higher input consumption
- Third party wood (1Q13: 8% I 1Q14: 11%)
Management initiatives seeking to maintain the cash cost increase below the inflation.