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An Introductionto Engineering

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The objectives of this chapter are to Introduce the engineering profession and its

various branches

Provide some answers to

Do I really want to study engineering?What is engineering and what do engineers do?What are some of the areas of specialization in

engineering?Which disciplinary area of engineering do I want to

pursue?

How will I know that I have picked the best field forme?

Will the demand for my area of specialization be highwhen I graduate, and beyond that?

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Engineering is the practice and method ofapplying scientific and empirical knowledge tothe service of humanity.

It is distinct from the physical sciences, whichare studies of the natural universe.

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Engineers are problem solvers. Successful engineers possess good

communication skills and are team players. They have a good grasp of fundamental

physical laws and mathematics. Engineers

apply physical and chemical laws andmathematics to design, develop, test, andsupervise the manufacture of millions ofproducts and services.

They consider important factors such as

sustainability, efficiency, cost, reliability,and safety when designing products.

Engineers are dedicated to lifelong learningand service to others.

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What Do Engineers Do? Engineers apply physical and chemical laws

and principles and mathematics to designmillions of products and services that we usein our everyday lives

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Engineers consider factors such as cost,efficiency, sustainability, reliability, and safetyin their designs

Engineers perform tests to ensure their

designs can withstand the loads andconditions prescribed

Engineers continue to seek ways to improveexisting products and services

Engineers continue to develop new, advancedmaterials to make products lighter andstronger for different applications

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Engineers design, maintain, and superviseconstruction of buildings, dams, bridges,highways, power plants, and othercomponents of our infrastructure system

Engineers are responsible for extractingpetroleum, natural gas, and other materialsfrom earth

Engineers are responsible for the productionand the processing of crops, fruit, vegetable,and food

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Traits of successful engineers

Engineers

are problem solvers

have firm grasp of fundamental principles ofengineering

are analytical, detailed oriented, and creative

have desire to be lifelong learners have ability to work outside their area of

specialization in other related fields

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Good Engineers

have good communication and timemanagement skills

have good people skills are good team player

have ability to use modern tools to solve various

engineering problems or to solve problems invarious ways

are active in the profession and community

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Be proud of the decision youhave made to become an

engineer. Soon you will becomeone of those whose behind-the-scenes efforts will be taken forgranted by billions of peoplearound the world. But you will

accept that fact gladly, knowingthat what you do will makepeoples lives better.

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(2009)

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to learn more about what engineers do.Chemical Engineering Mechanical Engineering

Electrical & Electronic Engineering Civil Engineering

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ABETstands for Accreditation Board for Engineeringand Technology

ABET is the only organization in U.S. that canaccredit engineering and technology programs

ABET examines the credentials of the engineeringprograms faculty, curricular content, facilities, andadmission and graduation standards before

granting accreditation

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Many states require engineers to be graduates of anABET accredited engineering program before theyare eligible to take the Professional Engineer (PE)exam

Visit your states licensing board to learn abouttheir engineering licensing requirements

Visit http://www.abet.org to see the list of all

accredited programs and learn more

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ABET, accredited engineering programs must demonstrate thattheir graduates, by the time of graduations, have:

an ability to apply knowledge of mathematics, science, andengineering; an ability to design and conduct experiments, as well as to

analyze and interpret data an ability to design a system, component, or process to meet

desired needs; an ability to function on multidisciplinary teams; an ability to identify, formulate, and solve engineering problems; an understanding of professional and ethical responsibility; an ability to communicate effectively; the broad education necessary to understand the impact of

engineering solutions in a global and societal context;

a recognition of the need for and an ability to engage in lifelonglearning; a knowledge of contemporary issues; and an ability to use the techniques, skills, and modern engineering

tools necessary for engineering practice.

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Civil Engineersdesign and supervise,among others, the construction ofroads, buildings, airports, tunnels,

dams, bridges, water supply, andwater and wastewater treatmentsystems. Civil engineering is

concerned with providing publicinfrastructure and services.

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Electrical Engineersdesign, develop,

test, and supervise the manufacturingof electrical equipment, includinglighting and wiring for buildings, cars,

buses, trains, ships, and aircraft;power generation and transmissionequipment for utility companies;electric motors found in various

products; control devices; and radarequipment.

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Electronic Engineersdesign,

develop, test, and supervise theproduction of electronicequipment, including computer

hardware; computer networkhardware; communication devicessuch as cellular phone, television,

and audio and video equipment;as well as measuring instruments.

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Mechanical Engineersare involved in

the design, development, testing, andmanufacturing of machines, robots,tools, power generating equipmentsuch as steam and gas turbines,heating, cooling, and refrigeratingequipment, and internal combustionengines.

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Aerospace Engineersdesign,

develop, test, and supervise themanufacture of commercial andmilitary aircraft, helicopters,

spacecraft, and missiles. Theymay work with projects dealingwith research and development of

guidance, navigation, and controlsystems.

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Biomedical Engineersapply the laws and theprinciples of chemistry, biology, medicine,and engineering to design artificial limbs,organs, imaging systems, and devices usedin medical procedures. They also perform

research alongside of medical doctors,chemists, and biologists to betterunderstand various aspects of biologicalsystems and the human body.

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Environmental Engineersapply the laws and

principles of chemistry, biology, andengineering to address issues related towater and air pollution control, hazardouswaste, waste disposal, and recycling. They

also get involved with the development oflocal, national, and internationalenvironmental policies and regulations.

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Manufacturing Engineersdevelop,

coordinate, and supervise the process ofmanufacturing all types of products. Theyare concerned with making productsefficiently and at minimum cost. They are

involved in all aspects of production,including scheduling and materials handlingand the design, development, supervision,and control of assembly lines.

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Petroleum Engineersspecialize in the

discovery and production of oil and naturalgas. In collaboration with geologists,petroleum engineers search the world forunderground oil or natural gas reservoirs.Petroleum engineers are also involved inmonitoring and supervising drilling and oilextraction operation.

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Nuclear Engineersdesign, develop, monitor,

and operate nuclear power equipment thatdrives its power from nuclear energy. Theyare involved in the design, development,and operation of nuclear power plants to

generate electricity or to power Navy shipsand submarines. They are also involved inthe design and development of industrialand diagnostic medical equipment.

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Mining Engineers,in collaboration with

geologists and metallurgical engineers,find, extract, and prepare coal for use byutility companies; they also look for metalsand minerals to extract from the earth for

use by various manufacturing industries.Mining engineers design and supervise theconstruction of aboveground andunderground mines.

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Materials Engineersresearch, develop, and

test new materials for various products andengineering applications. They manipulatethe atomic and molecular structure ofmaterials in order to create materials that

are lighter, stronger, and more durable.They create materials with specificmechanical, electrical, magnetic, chemical,and heat-transfer properties such as

graphite racquets and stealth militaryplanes.

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Education accredited program, BS and/orMS level

Professional registration

Fundamentals of Engineering Exam Professional Engineering Exam

Professional organizations

Life-long learning

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You should have a good understanding of

the significant role that engineers play in oureveryday lives in providing water, food,shelter, and other essential needs.

You should have a good idea of commontraits and activities of good engineers.

You should be familiar with the differencesamong various engineering disciplines.

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Making the transition from high school to

college requires extra effort:you must start studying and preparing from

the firstday of class.

attend class regularly.

get help right away.

take good notes.

select a good study place.

form study groups.consider the time management ideas.

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You belong to an elite group of students now:

across the United States 5% of students whograduate with a B.S. degree are engineers.

You will learn how to ask questions to findout howthings are made, how things work, how to improve

things, how to design something from scratch, andhow to take an idea from paper to reality andactually build something.

what you do for the next fiveyears will affect youfor the rest of your life.

You must take the responsibility for learning.

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Many of us need approximately 8 hours of sleepevery night.

we all need to have some time for work, friendsand family, studying, and relaxation.

With 24 hours in a given day, we have, for a one-week period, 168 hours available. Numbers in the

following table are meant only to give you areasonable starting point to help you budgetyour time on a weekly basis. You may prefer tospend an hour a day relaxing during the weekand use the additional social hours on weekends.

Even with generous relaxation and social time,this sample allows 68 hours a week to devote toyour education.

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you need to learn to manage your time wiselyif you want to be successful in life.

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You start studying and preparing from the very firstday of class!

It is always a good idea to read the material thatyour professor is planning to cover in class aheadof time.

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Attend Your Classes Regularly: Your professor mayoffer additional explanations and discussion ofsome material that may not be well presented in

your textbook. Get Help Right Away: If for some reason you cannot

see your professor during the designated officehours, ask for an appointment.

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Take Good Notes: listen carefully during thelectures so you can identify and record theimportant ideas and concepts. Some students may

not realize that they should also take notes whenreading the textbook.

Select a Good Study Place:

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Form Study Groups: the best way to learnsomething is to teach it. You need to study on yourown firstand then get together with your

classmates to discuss and explain key ideas andconcepts to each other.

Prepare for Examinations: Dont wait until the night

before the exam to study!. Spend a few hoursreviewing your notes and sample problems. Askyour instructor ahead of time what type of exam itwill be, how many questions there will be. Considertiming yourself when doing your homeworkproblems

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There are many good reasons to join anengineering organization. Networking,participating, listening to technical guestspeakers, attending social events, taking

advantage of learning opportunities throughshort courses, seminars, and conferences,and obtaining student loans and scholarshipsare a few of the common benefitsof

belonging to an engineering organization.

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