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BMC Partners Meeting Ghana BMC project Progress Geneva 22 November, 2011

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Page 1: BMC Partners Meeting -  · PDF fileBMC Partners Meeting Ghana BMC project Progress Geneva 22 November, 2011. ... for training and retraining of all categories of health staff

BMC Partners Meeting

Ghana BMC project Progress

Geneva

22 November, 2011

Page 2: BMC Partners Meeting -  · PDF fileBMC Partners Meeting Ghana BMC project Progress Geneva 22 November, 2011. ... for training and retraining of all categories of health staff

Introduction

• The Better Medicines for Children (BMC) Project funded by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation  aims to improve access to essential medicines for children through addressing issues of availability, safety, efficacy, suitability and price. 

• With support from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation through the World Health Organization, Ghana embraced the BMC agenda due to its relevance to the national context on access to medicines and Ghana’s Child Health Policy. 

• The project is coordinated in Ghana by the Ghana National Drugs Programme of the Ministry of Health and implemented through structures of the Ghana Health Service. 

Page 3: BMC Partners Meeting -  · PDF fileBMC Partners Meeting Ghana BMC project Progress Geneva 22 November, 2011. ... for training and retraining of all categories of health staff

Strategic Objectives 

• Promoting access to essential medicines for children

• Advocating with policy makers for their inclusion in national essential medicines lists, treatment guidelines, National Health Insurance and  procurement schemes.

• Working with drug regulatory authorities to expedite regulatory actions on selected medicines for children 

• Developing measures to monitor availability, prices and quality of the medicines for children.  

Page 4: BMC Partners Meeting -  · PDF fileBMC Partners Meeting Ghana BMC project Progress Geneva 22 November, 2011. ... for training and retraining of all categories of health staff

Key Components

• Strengthening local manufacturing capacity

• Supply chain availability and pricing

• Update and Adaption of National Child Specific Guidelines

• Health system issues– DTC training ‐ Improvement of quality of care

• Research – child medicine issues

Page 5: BMC Partners Meeting -  · PDF fileBMC Partners Meeting Ghana BMC project Progress Geneva 22 November, 2011. ... for training and retraining of all categories of health staff

Dissemination of Baseline Reports

–Literature Review on medicines for children

–Price , Availability and Affordability of medicines for children

–Supply chain for medicines for children

–Assessment of the Quality of Care for children in selected hospitals 

–Assessment of Local Manufacturing capacity for child specific dosage forms

–Peer Review workshops for Drugs and Therapeutics Committees

Page 6: BMC Partners Meeting -  · PDF fileBMC Partners Meeting Ghana BMC project Progress Geneva 22 November, 2011. ... for training and retraining of all categories of health staff

International Dissemination of Baseline Reports‐ICIUM 2011

Page 7: BMC Partners Meeting -  · PDF fileBMC Partners Meeting Ghana BMC project Progress Geneva 22 November, 2011. ... for training and retraining of all categories of health staff

International Dissemination

Page 8: BMC Partners Meeting -  · PDF fileBMC Partners Meeting Ghana BMC project Progress Geneva 22 November, 2011. ... for training and retraining of all categories of health staff
Page 9: BMC Partners Meeting -  · PDF fileBMC Partners Meeting Ghana BMC project Progress Geneva 22 November, 2011. ... for training and retraining of all categories of health staff

International Dissemination

Page 10: BMC Partners Meeting -  · PDF fileBMC Partners Meeting Ghana BMC project Progress Geneva 22 November, 2011. ... for training and retraining of all categories of health staff

Update on Project Activities 2011

Page 11: BMC Partners Meeting -  · PDF fileBMC Partners Meeting Ghana BMC project Progress Geneva 22 November, 2011. ... for training and retraining of all categories of health staff

Strengthening local manufacturing capacity

• Active engagement with private sector local industry  has led to the following: – dispersible, masked –

taste  Zinc sulphate tablets by one company  in the country (Quality to be monitored over time)

– Registered by Food and Drugs Board 

– Second company is at an advanced stage of development

Page 12: BMC Partners Meeting -  · PDF fileBMC Partners Meeting Ghana BMC project Progress Geneva 22 November, 2011. ... for training and retraining of all categories of health staff

Supply Chain Availability and Pricing

• Consensus Building and some advocacy actions undertaken with  key stakeholders e.g. local manufacturers , the procurement and supply division of the MOH and the NHIA– Improving the national selection process to accommodate child 

specific medicines and dosage forms in the Essential Medicines List (EML), Standard Treatment Guidelines (STG) and Hospital Formularies. 

– Ensuring that Child specific medicines are captured on the National Health Insurance Medicines List. 

– Effective collaboration with the Food and Drugs Board to monitor Adverse Drug Reactions in children 

Page 13: BMC Partners Meeting -  · PDF fileBMC Partners Meeting Ghana BMC project Progress Geneva 22 November, 2011. ... for training and retraining of all categories of health staff

Update and Adaption of National Child Specific Guidelines

• Adaptation workshop held involving key national stakeholders  to adapt to local context – Medicines not available  identified for 

action of expert committee

• Paediatric society engaged through National Annual General meeting to review adapted material 

• Pocket Book Adaptation Process at Editorial Stage with the support of the paediatric society. 

Page 14: BMC Partners Meeting -  · PDF fileBMC Partners Meeting Ghana BMC project Progress Geneva 22 November, 2011. ... for training and retraining of all categories of health staff

DTC training ‐ Improvement of quality of care

– Rational Use• Peer review workshops held for Drugs and Therapeutics Committees in the Southern Sector. Northern sector workshops are planned  for December.

– Collaboration with the National Health Insurance Authority  for training and retraining of all categories of health staff and claims managers on the concept and activities of DTCs

Page 15: BMC Partners Meeting -  · PDF fileBMC Partners Meeting Ghana BMC project Progress Geneva 22 November, 2011. ... for training and retraining of all categories of health staff

Pharmacoeconomics Training‐Participation• Multi‐national participation

– Nigeria, Rwanda, Cape Verde and Cameroon

• For Ghana,

– National Selection Committee

– Ministry of Health

– Food and Drugs Board, NHIA and other Quasi Government Agencies

– Health Facilities

– Regional Medical Stores

– CSOs

– Academia etc.

Page 16: BMC Partners Meeting -  · PDF fileBMC Partners Meeting Ghana BMC project Progress Geneva 22 November, 2011. ... for training and retraining of all categories of health staff

Pharmacoeconomics Closing Dinner

Page 17: BMC Partners Meeting -  · PDF fileBMC Partners Meeting Ghana BMC project Progress Geneva 22 November, 2011. ... for training and retraining of all categories of health staff

• National EML Selection Committee

• Evidence Profiles Development Group (A succession plan in place to replace older generation)

Capacity building

Page 18: BMC Partners Meeting -  · PDF fileBMC Partners Meeting Ghana BMC project Progress Geneva 22 November, 2011. ... for training and retraining of all categories of health staff

SIGHTS & SOUNDS OF GHANA BMC

Page 19: BMC Partners Meeting -  · PDF fileBMC Partners Meeting Ghana BMC project Progress Geneva 22 November, 2011. ... for training and retraining of all categories of health staff

Building capacity in Evidence summaries

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Evidence Profiles Development

• Evidence profiles for the following medicines of key importance to child health developed with support from the University of Liverpool– Artesunate for severe malaria

– Artemether for severe malaria

– Zinc Sulphate for acute diarrhoea

– Caffeine citrate for apnoea in premature neonates

– Chlorhexidine for neonatal cord‐care

– Amoxicillin dispersible tablet

– Long acting Insulin analogues (Glargine/Detemir) for Diabetes

– Rosiglitazone/Pioglitazone for type 2 Diabetes

– Tolbutamide for Type 2 Diabetes

– Gentamicin 10mg/ml or 20mg/ml

– Ceftriaxone 500mg vial

– Vitamin K for preventing HDN in neonates

Page 21: BMC Partners Meeting -  · PDF fileBMC Partners Meeting Ghana BMC project Progress Geneva 22 November, 2011. ... for training and retraining of all categories of health staff

Further Actions on Evidence Profiles

• Evidence profiles have been discussed with National Selection Committee and the evidence for these have been accepted; further actions are planned for inclusion on current lists on November 28th 2011

Page 22: BMC Partners Meeting -  · PDF fileBMC Partners Meeting Ghana BMC project Progress Geneva 22 November, 2011. ... for training and retraining of all categories of health staff

Research  Component

–Neonatal Quality Improvement Initiative

–Prescription Audit Study 

Page 23: BMC Partners Meeting -  · PDF fileBMC Partners Meeting Ghana BMC project Progress Geneva 22 November, 2011. ... for training and retraining of all categories of health staff

Neonatal Quality Improvement Initiative

• Implementation of an aspect of the pocket book whilst monitoring the health outcomes (morbidity and mortality) for neonates at the facility and population level

• This is being done in collaboration with the MOH/GHS, JHU and WHO

Page 24: BMC Partners Meeting -  · PDF fileBMC Partners Meeting Ghana BMC project Progress Geneva 22 November, 2011. ... for training and retraining of all categories of health staff

Prescription Audit

• Several paediatric formulations considered priority medicines, and selected as ‘tracer’ child medicines, are not currently on the Ghana EML and some are consequently  NOT available:– Artesunate‐amodiaquine 25mg/75mg co‐formulated dispersible tablet

– Gentamicin 10mg/ml vials for injection

– Ceftriaxone 500mg vials for injection

– Zinc sulphate tablets

• Findings from baseline Assessment:– Paediatric dispersible tablets (recommended by the WHO) were 

generally unavailable, with a preference for suspensions.

– Mean availability ‘tracer’ child medicine formulations currently listed on the Ghana EML was 4.4% for branded formulations and 28.6% forgenerics.

Page 25: BMC Partners Meeting -  · PDF fileBMC Partners Meeting Ghana BMC project Progress Geneva 22 November, 2011. ... for training and retraining of all categories of health staff

Prescription Audit• Problem

– to what extent does non‐adherence to guidelines drive the unavailability of essential medicines

– or conversely is non‐adherence a necessary reaction to unavailability, and what is the quality of care offered in such situations

• Objectives– To audit prescribing against the STG for the following conditions:

• Malaria, Pneumonia, Diarrhoea, Neonatal sepsis, Cord care 

– To assess the stock of first and second‐line essential medicines for these diseases as specified in the STG

– To discuss the findings of the audit and availability assessments to focus groups for feedback and to explore current prescription practices and problems.

– To propose  strategies to overcome the identified problems.

• Prescription Audit Study Started with support from LSTM – Research Team Trained and data collection ongoing. 

– Data from field assessment would input the FGDs

Page 26: BMC Partners Meeting -  · PDF fileBMC Partners Meeting Ghana BMC project Progress Geneva 22 November, 2011. ... for training and retraining of all categories of health staff

Monitoring Framework for Project impact

• M & E framework has capacity for synchronization with country DHIMS developed by MOH. 

• This would ensure that the DHIMS is child medicines information sensitive with adjustments for age bands for children

• Priority indicators for Monitoring child medicines developed  

Page 27: BMC Partners Meeting -  · PDF fileBMC Partners Meeting Ghana BMC project Progress Geneva 22 November, 2011. ... for training and retraining of all categories of health staff

Priority indicators

1. Proportion of Government Budgetary Allocation to Essential Medicines

2. Proportion of Government Expenditure on Essential Medicines

3. Proportion of Government Expenditure on  cMedicines

4. Percentage of items on cEML imported

5. Existence of cSTG as a national policy tool

6. Existence of cEML as a national policy tool

Page 28: BMC Partners Meeting -  · PDF fileBMC Partners Meeting Ghana BMC project Progress Geneva 22 November, 2011. ... for training and retraining of all categories of health staff

Priority indicators

7. Percentage of Health Facilities with current cSTG

8. Percentage of Health Facilities with current cEML

9. Percentage Health Facilities covered in Training in cSTG for last X period

10. Percentage Availability of Tracer Child Medicines

11. No. of Stock out days for Tracer Child Medicines

12. Median Price Ratios of Tracer Child Medicines

Page 29: BMC Partners Meeting -  · PDF fileBMC Partners Meeting Ghana BMC project Progress Geneva 22 November, 2011. ... for training and retraining of all categories of health staff

Priority indicators13. Prescribing Indicators for Children

14. Dispensing Indicators

15. Percentage of items on cEML produced by Local Manufacturers

16. Percentage adherence to cSTG

17. Percentage of items on EML produced by Local Manufacturers

18. Percentage of items on EML imported

19. Ratio of Total purchases of locally manufactured products to Total installed capacity of local manufacturers  (by value)

20. Percentage Prescriptions Not Fully served due to NHIA Prices

21. No. of Medication Errors Identified per X Period for Children

22. No. of Medication Interventions made per X Period for Children

23. Total Percentage Purchases of Essential Medicines from local manufacturers by MOH

24. Affordability of Treating uncomplicated Pneumonia, Diarrhoea, Malaria

Page 30: BMC Partners Meeting -  · PDF fileBMC Partners Meeting Ghana BMC project Progress Geneva 22 November, 2011. ... for training and retraining of all categories of health staff

Activities to be implemented

• BMC advocacy actions started and awaiting Technical support from WHO/HQ

• Market analysis of child medicines

• Optimization of injections for children

• Training in the use of guidelines and Training in the use of key medicines

• DTC strengthening • Documentation of Lessons Learnt

• End Term Evaluations and Way Forward

Page 31: BMC Partners Meeting -  · PDF fileBMC Partners Meeting Ghana BMC project Progress Geneva 22 November, 2011. ... for training and retraining of all categories of health staff

Conclusion

• BMC Ghana project has achieved some success:– Making Zinc available in the country (Quality to be monitored 

over time)

– Strengthening evidence based selection of medicines with emphasis on child medicines

– Strengthening DTCs as agents for rational use of medicines for children at the facility level

• Steering Committee for BMC have been engaged and active

• Project has led to an emerging implementation plan for all proposed interventions for child medicines with stakeholder buy in.

• Implementation of this plan is key to the continued actions on better medicines for children in Ghana  

Page 32: BMC Partners Meeting -  · PDF fileBMC Partners Meeting Ghana BMC project Progress Geneva 22 November, 2011. ... for training and retraining of all categories of health staff

Conclusions

• Long Term Capacity Building partnerships and collaborations have began with LSTM  and JHU.

• We are also exploring other partnerships  to make the Better Medicines for Children Initiative  a reality in Ghana

Page 33: BMC Partners Meeting -  · PDF fileBMC Partners Meeting Ghana BMC project Progress Geneva 22 November, 2011. ... for training and retraining of all categories of health staff

Looking Forward

• Linking selection processes and antimicrobial resistance of child specific antimicrobials with sentinel sites of surveillance and Community perception of antimicrobial use

• The burden of counterfeit child specific medicines circulating in the Ghanaian market

Page 34: BMC Partners Meeting -  · PDF fileBMC Partners Meeting Ghana BMC project Progress Geneva 22 November, 2011. ... for training and retraining of all categories of health staff

• THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION

Page 35: BMC Partners Meeting -  · PDF fileBMC Partners Meeting Ghana BMC project Progress Geneva 22 November, 2011. ... for training and retraining of all categories of health staff

SIGHTS & SOUNDS OF GHANA BMC