BM2 Repaso

Español 2

1. Capitalization is used when…

• You write a sentence and after a sentence (ya sea punto seguido o punto aparte).

• You write names, last names and nicknames. (apodos).

• You write names of cities, states, nations, continents etc.

2. What is a syllable?

• a unit of pronunciation having one vowel sound, with or without surrounding consonants, forming the whole or a part of a word.

3. How is a syllable divided?

To divide a word into syllables the following 4 rules must be kept in mind:

1. When a consonant is in between two vowels.Examples: Pe-lo (hair), ca-fé (coffee), co-pa (glass)

2. When there are two consonants in between vowels. Examples: In-ten-so (intense), dan-za (dance)

3. When there are three consonants in between vowels, the two first ones join the preceding vowel and the the third joins the following vowel.

Examples: Ins-pirar (inspire), trans-cribir(transcribe)

4. The digraphs: ‘ch,' ‘ll,' and ‘rr' make up a single sound and can't be divided.

Examples: Ca-lle (street), co-che (car), le-che (milk), po-llo (chicken)

4. Infinitive verbs + the present tense

• Infinitives consist of only one word and are separated into three different conjugation sets according to their endings, -AR, -ER, and -IR such as “hablar,” “leer,” and “escribir.”

• Tip: Look at your endings to help you with this section

5. Functions of a preposition

• Prepositions are useful tools for joining different words, clauses, or phrases. In Spanish, they can connect nouns to nouns, verbs to verbs, or verbs to nouns/pronouns.

The following examples illustrate how prepositions work in various sentences:

• Noun to noun: Necesito esa hoja de papel. (I need that piece of paper.)

• Verb to verb: El niño empieza a reír. (The child begins to laugh.)

• Verb to noun: Ella estudia con sus amigas. (She studies with her friends.)

• Verb to pronoun: ¿Qué piensas de ellos? (What do you think about them?)

6. Definite Articles

In Spanish, the definite article has 4 forms, depending on whether the noun is masculine, feminine, singular or plural.

• el gato (the male cat)

• los gatos (the male cats)

• la gata (the female cat)

• las gatas (the female cats)

7. Functions of a Pronoun

• Pronouns tell us the gender of the noun.

Example: La mesa esta sucia.

9. Identifying subjects in a sentence

• The subject of a sentence is the person, place, thing, or idea that is doing or being something. You can find the subject of a sentence if you can find the verb.

Tip: Make sure you know which is the subject of each sentence.