Bluetooth™ Wireless System

Joe Decuir

Microsoft

Chair, Seattle COM-19

Jdecuir@ieee.org

Note: Bluetooth™ is a trademark of Ericsson

Agenda

• Wireless Overview – http://www/microsoft.com/hwdev/wireless

• Bluetooth System Overview – http://www.microsoft.com/winhec

• Windows Bluetooth Stack– http://www.microsoft.com/hwdev/bluetooth

Wireless Overview• Wireless trends

– Wide Area Networks (WAN)– Local Area Networks (LAN)– Personal Area Networks (PAN)

• Scenarios– Adhoc– Home– Small business – Enterprise, ISP

Wireless Trends• IP networks

• Always connected (packet vs circuit mode)

• Increased bandwidth

• Convenience

• Moving from vertical market to horizontal markets

• Moving from proprietary to standards based

• Proliferation of smart devices

• New scenarios enabled

• Outsourcing

• Adhoc networks

Wireless Media• Infrared: short range and directional• Personal Area Networks: short range radio

– Bluetooth, IEEE 802.15.1

• Local Area Networks: medium range radio– IEEE 802.11(a,b), HyperLAN, HomeRF, etc

• Wide Area Networks: long range radio– Cellular systems: GSM, TDMA, CDMA, “3G”

• Broadband: high speed fixed radio– IEEE 802.16

Wide-Area WirelessWide Area WirelessWide Area Wireless

US SummaryUS SummaryMobitex 8, DataTAC 19.2 PacketMobitex 8, DataTAC 19.2 Packet

CDPD 19.2 PacketCDPD 19.2 PacketGSM 9.6 Circuit-SwitchedGSM 9.6 Circuit-Switched

iDEN - Nextel - 9.6 Packet and iDEN - Nextel - 9.6 Packet and Circuit-SwitchedCircuit-Switched

cdmaOne Circuit-SwitchedcdmaOne Circuit-Switched14.4 - IS-95A14.4 - IS-95A

cdma2000 1XRTTcdma2000 1XRTT153 Kbps - Packet153 Kbps - Packet

GSM GPRS TechnologiesGSM GPRS Technologies

EDGEEDGE384 Kbps Packet384 Kbps Packet

Trials StartTrials Start

General DeploymentGeneral Deployment

TrialsTrialsAirTouchAirTouch

GTE, SprintGTE, Sprint

General DeploymentGeneral Deployment

Trials Trials Start Start

Limited DeploymentLimited Deployment

General DeploymentGeneral Deployment

Trials Trials Start Start

19.2 Rx/9.6 Tx19.2 Rx/9.6 Tx

38.4 Rx/9.6 Tx38.4 Rx/9.6 Tx

57.6 Kbps57.6 Kbps

Trials Start Trials Start Limited DeploymentLimited Deployment

General DeploymentGeneral Deployment

19991999 20002000 20012001 20022002 20032003Q1Q1 Q2Q2 Q3Q3 Q4Q4 Q1Q1 Q2Q2 Q3Q3 Q4Q4 Q1Q1 Q2Q2 Q3Q3 Q4Q4 Q1Q1 Q2Q2 Q3Q3 Q4Q4 Q1Q1 Q2Q2 Q3Q3 Q4Q4

Local-Area WirelessLocal Area NetworkLocal Area Network

TechnologyTechnology

802.11 (FHSS) 2.4 GHz802.11 (FHSS) 2.4 GHz

1 Mbps1 MbpsFreq. Hopped Spread SpectrumFreq. Hopped Spread Spectrum

802.11 (DSSS) 2.4 GHz802.11 (DSSS) 2.4 GHz

1 or 2 Mbps1 or 2 Mbps

Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum

HiperlanHiperlan23.5 Mbps23.5 Mbps

High Performance Radio LANHigh Performance Radio LAN

P802.11b (DSSS) 2.4 GHzP802.11b (DSSS) 2.4 GHz

11 Mbps11 Mbps

Direct Sequence Spread SpectrumDirect Sequence Spread Spectrum

P802.11a 5 GHzP802.11a 5 GHz

InitialInitialShipmentsShipments

InitialInitialShipmentsShipments

FinalFinalSpecificationSpecification

SpecificationsSpecificationsApprovedApproved

Initial MobileInitial MobileShipmentsShipments

19991999 20002000 20012001 20022002 20032003Q1Q1 Q2Q2 Q3Q3 Q4Q4 Q1Q1 Q2Q2 Q3Q3 Q4Q4 Q1Q1 Q2Q2 Q3Q3 Q4Q4 Q1Q1 Q2Q2 Q3Q3 Q4Q4 Q1Q1 Q2Q2 Q3Q3 Q4Q4

54 Mbps54 MbpsDirect Sequence Spread SpectrumDirect Sequence Spread Spectrum

Personal Area WirelessLocal Area NetworkLocal Area NetworkTechnologyTechnology

BluetoothBluetooth721 Kbps721 Kbps

Initial ShipmentsInitial ShipmentsIntegrated HandsetsIntegrated HandsetsPC Card and CF ModulePC Card and CF Module

Computer Integrated ProductsComputer Integrated Products

19991999 20002000 20012001 20022002 20032003Q1Q1 Q2Q2 Q3Q3 Q4Q4 Q1Q1 Q2Q2 Q3Q3 Q4Q4 Q1Q1 Q2Q2 Q3Q3 Q4Q4 Q1Q1 Q2Q2 Q3Q3 Q4Q4 Q1Q1 Q2Q2 Q3Q3 Q4Q4

IrDAIrDA

4Mbps4Mbps

Ad Hoc Networks

Desktops, Desktops, NotebooksNotebooks

TVs, TVs, games games

Phones, PagersPhones, PagersPC companionsPC companions

Books, tablets, Books, tablets, handheld PCshandheld PCs

Many diverse Many diverse devices to be devices to be connectedconnected

A Connected Home

xDSLxDSLCableCable

SatelliteSatellitePOTS, ISDNPOTS, ISDN ResidentialResidential

GatewayGateway

13941394

STBSTB

PhonePhone

Ethernet/1394bEthernet/1394b

PLCPLC

802.11802.11

IrDAIrDA

BluetoothBluetoothInternetInternet

A Connected Small Office

T1, T3, …T1, T3, …

Edge ServerEdge Server

PhonePhone

SmallSmallBusinessBusiness

ServerServer

EthernetEthernet

InternetInternet BluetoothBluetooth802.11802.11

Enterprise• Information at

your fingertips – At meetings, in the office, on the

road– Reliable, secure, multimedia

LAN

T1, T3, …T1, T3, …

Proxy ServerProxy Server

802.11802.11

IrDAIrDAGPRSGPRS

Web ServerWeb Server

EthernetEthernet

GPRSGPRS

BluetoothBluetooth

GPRSGPRS

InternetInternet

An ISP Connected Public Space

• Discovery of proximity services (flight schedules at airport, mall directories, …)

T1, T3, …T1, T3, …

Proxy ServerProxy Server

802.11802.11

PhonePhone

BluetoothBluetooth

IrDIrDAA

GPRSGPRS

Web ServerWeb Server

EthernetEthernet

InternetInternet

Wireless Architecture Requirements

• “Just works”• Always connected• Unified transport: IP• Mobility• Unified security model• Adhoc• QoS• Performance

Windows Wireless Architecture

NDIS 5.1NDIS 5.1

NetworkingNetworking APIs APIs

NDIS WANNDIS WAN

PPTPPPTP AsyncAsync BluetoothBluetooth

EthernetEthernet TRTR 802.11802.11

TCP/IPTCP/IP ProtocolProtocolstacksstacks

WinSock 2.0WinSock 2.0

RSVPRSVP

Packet schedulerPacket scheduler

Packet classifierPacket classifier

TAPI 3.0 TAPI 3.0 Dial-upDial-up

Networking Networking APIsAPIs

IP packetIP packetfilteringfiltering

IPIP forwarder forwarder

RoutingRoutingAPIsAPIs

NetworkNetworkstreamingstreaming

(DirectX)(DirectX)

RNDISRNDIS

DHCPDHCP

IGMPIGMP

802.1X802.1X DNSDNS

IRDPIRDP

NetworkingNetworking Services Services

Affected byAffected byWirelessWireless

Route tableRoute table

Network Network LocationLocation

802.1D802.1D

NetBTNetBT

UPnPUPnP

Just Works• No configuration

– Especially when roaming

• CDPD– Configure Network Equipment Identifier

• 802.11– Configure network name and security keys

• Per location

• Bluetooth– Configure PIN numbers

• Per device

What is an adhoc network?• No network infrastructure at all

– E.g. back to back Ethernet– Automatic IP addressing when no DHCP server available– NetBT broadcast for adhoc name resolution

• Interconnections not managed– Multiple interconnections to destinations

– Loops in the network

• Home network– ICS contains DNS proxy and DDNS support for the adhoc home

network

• Service Discovery Protocols– SSDP protocol enables UPnP discovery– SDP protocol enables Bluetooth wireless technology discovery– IrLAP protocol enables IrDA discovery

IrDA Applications• File transfer

– Integrated into shell

• Image exchange from camera

• Dial-up networking via cellphone

• Printing

• Synchronization– E.g. PDA or cell phone to PC

Bluetooth Applications

• Subset of IrDA• File transfer

– Integrated into IrDA ftp transfer

• Dial-up Networking via cellphone• Synchronization• IrDA and Bluetooth applications are tied to

particular media– Do not inter-operate

Bluetooth Overview

• Genesis

• Bluetooth architectural overview

• Bluetooth Program update

Personal Ad-hoc Personal Ad-hoc NetworksNetworks

Cable Cable ReplacementReplacement

Landline

Data/Voice Data/Voice Access PointsAccess Points

What Does Bluetooth Wireless Technology Do For You?

What does Bluetooth Do?

• Cable Replacement

Bluetooth Genesis• Ericsson was a participant in GSM 7.07, a

standard for connecting PCs and mobile devices through cell phones offering circuit mode data and fax services.

• This called for adding serial cables to cell phones: cumbersome, easy to loose, too many connections.

• Ericsson, a radio company, decided to replace short cables with short range radios

Who is Bluetooth?Harald Blaatand “Bluetooth” IIKing of Denmark 940-981

Son of Gorm the Old (1st King of Denmark) and Thyra Danebod (daughter of King Ethelred of England)

This is one of two Runic stones erected in his capitol city of Jelling (central Jutland) This is the front of the stone depicting the

chivalry of Harald. The stone’s inscription (“runes”) say:

Harald christianized the DanesHarald controlled Denmark and NorwayHarald thinks notebooks and cellular phones

should seamlessly communicate

What is Bluetooth?

• A hardware description• An application framework

Application Framework and Support

Link Manager and L2CAP

Radio & Baseband

Host Controller Interface

RF

Baseband

AudioLink Manager LMP

L2CAP

TCP/IP HID RFCOMM

Applications

Data

Control

Latest Version on Bluetooth Website:www.Bluetooth.com

What is Bluetooth?

• A hardware description• An application framework

Modules

Software

RF

Baseband

AudioLink Manager LMP

L2CAP

TCP/IP HID RFCOMM

Applications

Data

Control

Testing to Specification

• Bluetooth devices will be tested against the specification

• Bluetooth Qualified Test Facilities (BQTF)

Basic Layer Certification

Application Framework Certification

RF

Baseband

AudioLink Manager LMP

L2CAP

TCP/IP HID RFCOMM

Applications

DataControl

Bluetooth Core Specifications

• A: Radio• B: Baseband• C: Link Manager• D: Logical Link Control• E: Service Discovery• F: RFCOMM, IrDA, Telephony, WAP• H: Host Controllers, USB, Serial, UART• I: Compliance: Test modes, Test control interfaces

Bluetooth RF Specifications

Specified for low cost, single chip implementation– Noise floor margin for substrate noise and low current Low

Noise Amplifier (LNA)– Linearity set by near-far problem– In-band image allows low-cost low IF– VCO phase noise enables integrated VCO– TX-RX turn around time enables single synthesizer– 2.4 ISM band chosen for global use and process capabilities

Sensitivity traded for low cost integration of transceiver and baseband

Basic Baseband Protocol

• Spread spectrum frequency hopping radio– 79 or 23* one MHz channels (*country dependent)

– Hops every packet• Packets are 1, 3, or 5 slots long

– Frame consists of two packets• Transmit followed by receive

– Nominally hops at 1600 times a second (1 slot packets)

OneOneSlotSlot

PacketPacket

Three Slot PacketThree Slot Packet

FrameFrame

MasterMaster

SlavSlavee

625 us625 usOne SlotOne Slot

ffkk ffk+1k+1

OneOneSlotSlot

PacketPacket

FrameFrame

MasterMaster

SlaveSlave

625 us625 usOne SlotOne Slot

ffkk ffk+1k+1

OneOneSlotSlot

PacketPacket

MMMM

SS

SS SS

SS

PP

sbsb

sbsb

PP

PP

Network Topology• Radio Designation

– Connected radios can be master or slave– Radios are symmetric (same radio can be master or slave)

• Piconet– Master can connect to 7 simultaneous or 200+ active slaves per piconet– Each piconet has maximum capacity (1 MSPS)

• Unique hopping pattern/ID

• Scatternet– High capacity system

• Minimal impact with up to 10 piconets within range

– Radios can share piconets!

A

D

C

B

E

IDb

IDc

IDa

IDd

IDe

The Piconet

• All devices in a piconet hop together– In forming a piconet, master gives slaves its clock and device ID

• Hopping pattern determined by device ID (48-bit)• Phase in hopping pattern determined by Clock

• Non-piconet devices are in standby• Piconet Addressing

– Active Member Address (AMA, 3-bits)– Parked Member Address (PMA, 8-bits)

IDa

P

M Sor

sb

M

P

S

S

sb

IDa

IDc

IDd

IDa

IDa

IDa

IDe

IDb

Functional Overview• Standby

– Waiting to join a piconet

• Inquire– Ask about radios to connect

to

• Page– Connect to a

specific radio

• Connected– Actively on a piconet

(master or slave)

• Park/Hold/Sniff– Low Power

connected states

InquiryInquiry PagePage

ConnectedConnectedAMAAMA

TransmitTransmitdatadataAMAAMA

TTtypical=0.6stypical=0.6s

TTtypical=2stypical=2s

HOLDHOLDAMAAMA

PARKPARKPMAPMA

TTtypical=2 mstypical=2 ms

ReleasesReleasesAMAAMA

AddressAddress

Low PowerLow PowerStatesStates

ActiveActiveStatesStates

StandbyStandby

ConnectingConnectingStatesStates

UnconnectedUnconnectedStandbyStandby

Dis

conn

ect

Dis

conn

ect

SNIFFSNIFFAMAAMA

TTtypical=2 mstypical=2 ms TTtypical=2 mstypical=2 ms

Packet Types/Data Rates

• ASL –Packet like behavior• SCO – Circuit like behavior

00000000000100010010001000110011

NULLNULLPOLLPOLLFHSFHSDM1DM1

NULLNULLPOLLPOLLFHSFHSDM1DM1

11

01000100010101010110011001110111

HV1HV1HV2HV2HV3HV3

DH1DH1

22

DVDV1000100010011001

101010101011101111001100

DM3DM3DH3DH3

33

11011101

1110111011111111

DM5DM5DH5DH5

44

TYPETYPESEGMENTSEGMENT ACL linkACL linkSCO linkSCO link

AUX1AUX1

DM1DM1

DH1DH1

DM3DM3

DH3DH3

DM5DM5

DH5DH5

108.8108.8

172.8172.8

256.0256.0

384.0384.0

286.7286.7

432.6432.6

108.8108.8

172.8172.8

384.0384.0

576.0576.0

477.8477.8

721.0721.0

108.8108.8

172.8172.8

54.454.4

86.486.4

36.336.3

57.657.6

TYPETYPE symmetricsymmetric asymmetricasymmetric

Data Rates (Kbps)Data Rates (Kbps)Packet TypesPacket Types

Mobile = Battery Life• Low power consumption*

– Standby current < 0.3 mA • Þ 3 months

– Voice mode 8-30 mA• Þ 75 hours

– Data mode average 5 mA – (0.3-30mA, 20 kbit/s, 25%)

• Þ 120 hours

• Low Power Architecture– Programmable data length (else radio sleeps)– Hold and Park modes 60 µA

• Devices connected but not participating• Hold retains AMA address, Park releases AMA, gets PMA address• Device can participate within 2 ms

– *Estimates calculated with 600 mAh battery and internal amplifier, power will vary with implementation

Error Handling

• Forward-error correction (FEC)– headers are protected with 1/3 rate FEC and HEC

– payloads may be FEC protected• 1/3 rate: simple bit repetition (SCO packets only)

• 2/3 rate: (10,15) shortened Hamming code

• 3/3 rate: no FEC

• ARQ (ACL packets only)– 16-bit CRC (CRC-CCITT) & 1-bit ACK/NACK

– 1-bit sequence number

access code header payload

72b 54b 0-2745b

®®

Bluetooth Security Model

Bluetooth Security Features• Fast Frequency Hopping (79 channels)• Low Transmit Power (range <= 10m)• Authentication of remote device

– Based on link key (128 Bit)– May be performed in both directions

• Encryption of payload data– Stream cipher algorithm ( 128 Bit)– Affects all traffic on a link

• Initialization– PIN entry by user

Application Level Security• Builds on-top of link-level security

– Creates trusted device groups

• Security levels for services– Authorization required– Authentication required– Encryption required

• Different or higher security requirements could be added:– Personal authentication– Higher security level– Public key

Bluetooth Is Global• One version for the world

– Architecture compliant with global emission rules (2.4 GHz ISM band)• Working through FCC, EC,

MPT for spectrum, and power harmonization

– Architecture compliant and safe for use on airlines• Working with FAA, JAA, FCC, airplane

manufacturers, and airlines

– Reviewing security architecture with affected countries

Bluetooth Radio Modules• Complete radio on a module

– Designed to meet “Limited Module Compliance” (LMA) requirements• Pre-certified to meet global regulatory requirements • Allows devices assembled with modules to be “self-certified”

– USB Interface– Solder-ball connections– External Antennae

25 mm dia25 mm dia 17x33mm17x33mm 36x43mm36x43mm

CompactCompactFLASHFLASH

CardCard

Bluetooth Protocols

PrintingPrinting

vCard/vCalvCard/vCalWAEWAE

Still ImageStill Image

AudioAudio

TCP/UDPTCP/UDP RFCOMMRFCOMM

TCS TCS

HIDHID

IPIPService DiscoveryService Discovery

- Bluetooth Specific- Bluetooth Specific - Reused Spec- Reused Spec - Modified- Modified

L2CAPL2CAP

Host Controller InterfaceHost Controller Interface

OBEXOBEXWAPWAP

Bluetooth protocols• Host Controller Interface (HCI)

– provides a common interface between the Bluetooth host and a Bluetooth module

• Interfaces in spec 1.0: USB; UART; RS-232

• Link Layer Control & Adaptation (L2CAP)– A simple data link protocol over baseband

• connection-oriented & connectionless

• protocol multiplexing

• segmentation & reassembly

• QoS flow specification per connection (channel)

• group abstraction

Bluetooth protocols

• Service Discovery Protocol (SDP)– Defines a service record format

• Information about services provided by attributes

• Attributes composed of an ID (name) and a value

• IDs may be universally unique identifiers (UUIDs)

– Defines a inquire/response protocol for discovering services

• Searching for and browsing services

Bluetooth protocols• RFCOMM (based on GSM TS 07.10)

– emulates a serial-port to support a large base of legacy (serial-port-based) applications

– allows multiple “ports” over a single physical channel between two devices

• Telephony Control Protocol Spec (TCS)– call control (setup & release)

– group management for gateway serving multiple devices

• Legacy protocol reuse– Re-use existing protocols, e.g., IrDA’s OBEX, or WAP for

interacting with applications on phones

Interoperability And Profiles• Represents default solution

for usage model• Vertical slice through

the protocol stack• Basis for

interoperability and logo requirements

• Each Bluetooth device supports one or more profiles

ProfilesProfilesP

roto

cols

Pro

toco

ls

ApplicationsApplications

Bluetooth Profile Specifications

• K:1 Generic Access• K:2 Service Discovery• K:3 Cordless

Telephony• K:4 Intercom• K:5 Serial Port• K:6 Headset• K:7 Dial Up

Networking

• K:8 Fax• K:9 LAN Access• K:10 Generic Object

Exchange• K:11 Object Push• K:12 File Transfer• K:13 Synchronization

Bluetooth Program Update• 1.0 specifications published in July of 1999

– Core technology specs and Profile requirements

– Currently at 1.1

• Bluetooth membership exceeds 2,000 companies!– Full list of member companies on www.bluetooth.com Web site

• Bluetooth program on track for products available in 2000– Products available this year and early 2001

– Next big step is qualification program, to ensure interoperability

• Bluetooth qualification program started

• Bluetooth wireless technology is the basis for the IEEE 802.15.1 standard work

• Bluetooth SIG has expanded– New contracts and membership types

The SIG Formally Known As Bluetooth ; )

• New Contracts– Adopter/Early Adopter = Early Adopter

• Early Adopter Contract

– Early Adopter in working group = Associate• Early Adopter Contract, Associate Amendment

• Open IP license to Bluetooth wireless technology– Original “Foundation Specifications”

– New technology in and around the 12 specification working groups

• Only need to sign 1 contract to use any Bluetooth wireless technology (the new one)

Future Directions for Bluetooth

1. Bluetooth Second Generation Radio 2. Bluetooth Personal Area Networking3. Bluetooth in and around the Car4. Bluetooth “Wake-up”5. Bluetooth Human Interface Devices (HID)6. Bluetooth Audio/Visual7. Bluetooth ISM interference/Interoperability8. Bluetooth Printing9. Bluetooth Still Image10. Bluetooth Extended Service Discovery Protocols11. Bluetooth Local Positioning12. Bluetooth UDI

Summary• Bluetooth is a global, RF-based (ISM: 2.4GHz band),

short-range, connectivity technology and solution for portable, personal devices– It is not just a radio– Create piconets on-the-fly (approximately 1Mbps)

• Piconets may overlap in time and space for high aggregate bandwidth

• The Bluetooth spec comprises– A hardware and software protocol specification– Usage case scenario profiles and

interoperability requirements

• To learn more: http://www.bluetooth.com

Windows 2000 Bluetooth Stack

• Bluetooth Architecture in Windows – Goals– Components of the Stack– Functionality

• Opportunities for IHVs and ISVs– Applications– Services– Devices

High Level Goals• PC work with all devices

– Bluetooth Devices as PC peripherals– Bluetooth Devices as PC companions– Bluetooth Devices bridge to network

resources through a PC

• Easy to configure and operate

• Extensible architecture– Platform for third parties to add value

Scenarios• Device configuration:

– Discovery– Bonding

• Syncing and transfer through OBEX– Files– Pictures– Vcards

• Dial up Networking– Cell as modem– Null Modem for Peer to peer

• Generic RFComm applications– Non-OBEX synchronization– Other serial-type applications

Technical Requirements• Bluetooth 1.0 Type II device classification supported• Required profiles• Bus Management Infrastructure

– Device and radio configuration– Control panels– System Trays

• Extensible framework for value adds– Devices– Profiles– Bus mgmt software– RFComm applications– Object Exchange and special object handling– RAS and TAPI over Unimodem

Bluetooth Stack Diagram

BTHPORT.SYSBTHPORT.SYS

RFCOMM.SYSRFCOMM.SYS

BTHMODEM.SYSBTHMODEM.SYS

HIDHID

AFD.SYSAFD.SYS

MODEM.SYSMODEM.SYS

UNIMODEM.TSPUNIMODEM.TSP

TAPITAPI

WinSock2WinSock2

OBEX.DLLOBEX.DLL

AUDIOAUDIO

SD

P/A

dviso

rS

DP

/Ad

visor

Stack Components• BthPort

– L2Cap / HCI– Hardware abstraction: Serial, USB…– Enumeration of Found Bound Services

• SDP/Management UI– Bus management:

• User notification of newly discovered devices• User assisted Configuration and Bonding• Configuration of radio

– Local Service Exposure and Publication

Stack Components• RFCOMM

– RFComm Profile– TDI interface for WinSock (AFD)– Bus enumeration for Dial Up Networks

• BthModem (a WDM modem)• OBEX.DLL

– Object Exchange 1.2– Bus Agnostic

BthPort

• Support Currently Defined buses: – USB– Serial (if hardware available)– UART/16550 – Possible PCI HCI (investigating in committee)

• Plug and Play events

• Bluetooth Request Blocks

Service Discovery Protocol• Provide a “builder” interface to easily create a service

record• Kernel mode

– Client drivers can submit a list of UUIDs to search for on all newly discovered devices or initiate a SDP search outside of device discovery

– BThPort will search for all the services in the browse group hierarchy

• User mode– Initiate searches– Browse service records

Management UI• Present user with devices in range and bound devices

• Allows the user to easily change the relationship with remote devices

• Provide unobtrusive PIN and authorization notifications

• UI is accessible from third-party applications for a standard user experience

• Advanced features– Filter devices based on COD or address

– Local radio settings

– Manage power policies

OBEX• Full OBEX 1.2 implementation:

– Put– Get– SetPath– Definable transactions

• COM API• Extensible to other media

and transports

OBEX

OBEX.DLLOBEX.DLL

OBEXBT.DLLOBEXBT.DLL OBEXIrDA.DLLOBEXIrDA.DLL OBEXIP.DLLOBEXIP.DLL

WINSOCK 2WINSOCK 2SDPSDP

??

RFCOMM

RFCOMM.SYSRFCOMM.SYS

BTHPORT.SYSBTHPORT.SYSPDOPDO

FDOFDO PDOPDO

BTHSER.SYSBTHSER.SYS

Modem.SYSModem.SYS

PDOPDO

FDOFDO

OBEXOBEX

WINSOCK/AFD/TDIWINSOCK/AFD/TDI

SocketSocket

DUN/Lan AccessDUN/Lan Access File Transfer/OBEXFile Transfer/OBEX

Opportunities To Add Valuein Windows 2000 environment

• RF comm applications

• OBEX applications/extensions

• Bluetooth management application

• New device types and/or class drivers

• Radios on new hardware buses

RF Comm Applications• Applications looking for virtual serial ports not

supported• Legacy TAPI/Unimodem applications see peer

devices as NULL Modems• Applications enumerate Modem/Serial Devices

through Unimodem

TAPI = Telephony APIUnimodem = Universal Modem Driver, a TAPI service

provider

RF Comm Applications• Winsock allows for dynamic discovery and

communication– Talk to the device, not to the conduit (“My

Laserjet” versus “LPT2” or “COM23”)– Once bonded device is in range the application

can find and use it– Allows for multiple remote connection to same

service– Not necessary to manage multiple virtual

COMx ports

OBEX Applications• Examples

– Photos– Vcards (not “in the box”)– Simple databases

• Server– Registration– New Obex Commands and types– Application can register as handler for custom commands

• Client– Discovery – Navigate directory structure (enumerate objects)– Push Pull objects

Other OS support• Microsoft is only planning to support Windows

2000 and its successors for general purpose PCs.• Intel and many other third parties are producing

stacks for older Windows versions (e.g. Windows 98, which had USB support).

• Intel, IBM and some other parties are producing stacks for use on Linux and other Unix versions

• Several embedded OS vendors will support Bluetooth

• Microsoft is providing support for Windows CE

Call To Action• Join the SIG if you haven't already

– Help advance Bluetooth functionality by supporting the working groups committees

– Got a new usage model? Submit a request

• Learn how Bluetooth wireless technology works NOW! – See Microsoft's presentation on Bluetooth wireless technology – Bluetooth Developers Conference, December 4th , San Jose CA– Bluetooth Developers Seminar, December 8th, San Jose, CA– More information: http://www.Bluetooth.com

• Implement Bluetooth software and hardware in your products and systems– Insure interoperability via Un-plugfests

• Help support native operating system development– Provide test hardware to Microsoft

Resources, 1of2• http://www.bluetooth.com

Bluetooth home page, main resource

• http://developer.intel.com/technology/itj/q22000/articles/art_1.htmIntel white paper on Bluetooth

• http://www.microsoft.com/hwdev/bluetoothMicrosoft Bluetooth™ developer resources

• http://www.microsoft.com/hwdev/wirelessMicrosoft wireless developer resources

Resources, 2of2• http://developer.axis.com/software/bluetooth

Bluetooth on Linux homepage

• http://mobilix.org/bluetooth_linux.htmlLaptops, Bluetooth™ and Linux (draft)

• http://www.idgnet.com/crd_linux_223446.htmlIBM Linking Linux to Wireless Devices

• http://www.alphaworks.ibm.com/tech/BlueDrekarBlueDrekar – a Bluetooth protocol driver from IBM

• http://www.upside.com/Ebiz/397f47ae0.htmlIBM toasts Linux, Bluetooth marriage