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N e W S E r ^Bureau of Labor Statistics Washington, D.C. 20212Technical information: (202) 523-1944 USDL 83-431523-1371 TRANSMISSION OF MATERIAL IN THIS RELEASE IS523-1959 EMBARGOED UNTIL 8:30 A.M. (EDT), FRIDAY,Media contact: 523-1913 OCTOBER 7, 1983THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION: SEPTEMBER 1983

Unemployment declined in September and total employment continued to increase, the Bureau ofLabor Statistics of the U.S. Department of Labor reported today. The overall unemployment ratewhich includes the resident Armed Forces in the labor force base was 9.1 percent, down from 9.4percent in August, while the unemployment rate for civilian workers fell from 9.5 to 9.3percent. Both measures have declined by about 1-1/2 percentage points from last December'shighsTotal emp loym ent as measured by the monthly survey of househo ldsr ose by nearly 400,000 to

103.6 million in September, continuing a strong upward trend. Nbnfarm payroll employment asmeasured by the monthly survey of estab lishments increased by 735,000, largely reflecting thereturn to work of persons on strike in August. The factory workweek, a leading indicator ofbusiness activity, rose 0.4 hour in September to 40.7 hours.Unemployment

Unemployment fell by 275,000 in September, after adjustment for seasonality, to 10.4million, and the civilian worker unemployment rate dropped from 9.5 to 9.3 percent.Unemployment has declined by 1.6 million since last December, when 10.8 percent of the laborforce was jobles s.

Among the major demographic group s, the unemployment rate declined for teenagers (21.8percent) and blacks (19.0 percent) but remained essentially unchanged for whites (8.1 percent),adult men (8.7 percent), adult women (7.8 percent), and Hispanics (13.1 percent). The

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- 2 -the same time period, the proportion of the population with jobs (the civilianemployment-population ratio) has increased by more than a percentage point to 58.4 percent.

The civilian labor force, at 112.4 million, was about unchanged in September. Over the pastyear, the labor force has grown by 1.7 million^-about 800,000 adult men and 1.2 million adultwomen. The number of teenagers working or looking for work declined by about 300,000, primarilythe result of a reduction in their population.Discouraged Workers

The number of discouraged workerspersons who report that they want to work but are notlooking for jobs because they believe that they cannot find anyedged downward in the thirdquarter of 1983 to 1.6 million; this was 240,000 below the recessionary high of 1.8 million inthe fourth quarter of 1982. Whites accounted for most of this improvement, as blacks continuedto account for a disproportionate share of the discouraged total (31 percent). (See tableA-13.)Table A. Major Indicators of labor market activity, seasonally adjusted

Category

HOUSEHOLD D*TALabor force 1/ ,

Total employment JL/. .,Civilian labor force

Civilian employment...,Unemployment ,

Not in labor force ,Discouraged workers...,

Unemployment rates:

Quarterly averages

1982III

1983II III

Monthly data

1983July Aug. 1 Sept.

112,30/101,283110,62999,60511,02561,8931,638

112,825101,603111,15699,93311,22262,8011,709

Thousands of parsons113,849103,278112,168101,59810,57162,2811,605

113,539102,949111,875101,28510,59062,431

N.A.

113,943103,245112,261101,56310,69962,179N.A.

114,063103,640112,368101,94510,42362,234

N.A.

Percent of labor force

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- 3 -Industry Payroll Employment

Nonagricultural payroll employment rose by 735,000 in September to 90.5 million, seasonallyadjusted. About 675,000 of this increase, however, represented the return of employees topayrolls following settlement of strikes, chiefly.that of communications workers. About 60percent of the 186 industries in the BLS index of diffusion showed job growth in September,somewhat below the proportions of the previous 2 mont hs. (See tables B-l and B-6.)

Employment continued to increase in construction (30,000) and in manufacturing (70,000).Factory job pickups were essentially limited to three durable goods industrieselectrical andelectronic equipment (35,000, including a return to work of 20,000 strikers) and machinery andprimary metals (10,000 each). Service industry employment sustained its strong growth with anincrease of 60,000, the same amount as in August. Employment declined by 105,000 in retailtrade, as seasonal job gains did not materialize.Weekly Hours

The average workweek of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm payrollsrose 0.2 hour in September to 35.2 hours , seasonally adjusted. Led by a large increase intransportation equipment, the manufacturing workweek rose 0.4 hour to 40.7 hours, its highestlevel since April 1978. Overtime hours, up 0.2 hour to 3.3 hours, were at their highest pointsince July 1979. (See table B-2.)The index of aggregate weekly hours increased by 1.9 percent to 107.2 (1977*100), reflectingboth the lengthening of the average workweek and the return of striking workers. Themanufacturing index advanced 1.7 percent to 91.8, due largely to the increase In the workweek.The factory index was 10.5 percent above last December's low point but still 7.9 percent belowJuly 1981, the pre-recession peak mont h. (See table B-5.)

Hourly and Weekly EarningsAverage hourly and weekly earnings both increased substantially in September, 1.3 and 1.8percent, respectively, seasonally adjusted. These movements are somewhat exaggerated by thereturn to payrolls of striking workers In high-wage industries. Prior to seasonal adjustment,average hourly earnings, which had declined 6 cents in August, rose 17 cents in September to

$8.11, up 35 cents over the year. Average weekly earnings were up $5.20 over the month and$16.23 since September 1982. (See table B*3.)The Hourly Earnings Index

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Explanatory NoteThis news release presents statistics from two major surveys,

the Current Population Survey (household survey) and theCurrent Em ployment Statistics Survey (establishment survey).The household survey provides the information on the laborforce, total employment, and unemployment that appears inthe A tables, marked HOUSEHOLD DATA. It is a samplesurvey of about 60,000 households that is conducted by theBureau of the Census with most of the findings analyzed andpublished by the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS).The establishment survey provides the information on theemployment, hours, and earnings of workers on nonagricultural payrolls that appears in the B tables, markedESTABLISHMENT DATA. This information is collectedfrom payroll records by BLS in cooperation w ith State agencies.Th e sam p l e i n c l u d es ap p roxi m ate l y 189 ,000 es tab lishments employing about 36 million people.

For both surveys, the data for a given month are actuallycollected for and relate to a particular week. In the ho useholdsurvey, unless otherwise indicated, it is the calendar week thatcontains the 12th day of the mo nth, w hich is called the surveyweek. In the establishment survey, the reference week is thepay period including the 12th, which may or may not correspond directly to the calendar week.The data in this release are affected by a number of technicalfactors, including definitions, survey differences, seasonal adjustments, and the inevitable variance in results between asurvey of a sample and a census of the entire popula tion. Eachof these factors is explained below.Coverage, definitions and differences between surveysThe sample households in the household survey are selectedso as to reflect the entire civilian noninstitutional population16 years of age and older. Each person in a household isclassified as employed, unemployed, or not in the labor force.Those who hold more than one job are classified according to

grouping of seven measures of unemployment based on varying definitions of unemployment and the labor force. Thedefinitions are provided in the table. The most restrictivedefinition yields U-l, and the most comprehensive yields U-7.The overall unemploym ent rate is U-5a, while U-5b representsthe same measure with a civilian labor force base.Unlike the h ousehold survey, the establishment survey onlycounts wage and salary employees whose names appear on thepayroll records of nonagricultural firms. As a result, there aremany differences between the two surveys, among which arethe following: -T he household survey, although based on a smaller sample, reflects a larger segment of the population; the establishment survey excludes agriculture, the self-employed, unpaidfamily workers, private household workers, and members ofthe resident Armed Forces; T h e hou sehold survey includes people on unpaid leaveamong the employed; the establishment survey does not; T h e household survey is limited to those 16 years of ageand older; the establishment survey is not limited by ag e; T h e household survey has no duplication of individuals,because each individual is counted o nly on ce; in the establishment survey, employees working at more than one job orotherwise appearing on more than one payroll would becounted separately for each appearance.Other differences between the two surveys are described in"Comparing Employment Estimates from Household andPayroll Surveys," which may be obtained from the BLS uponrequest.

Seasonal adjustmentOver a course of a year, the size of the Nation's labor force

and the levels of employment and unemployment undergosharp fluctuations due to such seasonal events as changes inweather, reduced or expanded production, harvests, majorholidays, and the opening and closing of schools. For exam

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employees, production workers, average weekly hours, andaverage hourly earnings include components based on theemployer's industry. All these statistics can be seasonally adjusted either by adjusting the total or by adjusting each of thecomponents and combining them. The second procedureusually yields more accurate information and is thereforefollowed by BLS. For example, the seasonally adjusted figurefor the labor force is the sum of eight seasonally adjustedcivilian employment components, plus the resident ArmedForces total (not adjusted for seasonality), and four seasonallyadjusted unemployment components; the total for unemployment is the .sum of the four unemployment components; andthe overall unemployment rate is derived by dividing theresulting estimate of total unemployment by the estimate ofthe labor force.The numerical factors used to make the seasonal adjustments are recalculated regularly. For the householdsurvey, the factors are calculated for the January-June periodand again for the July-December period. The January revisionis applied to data that have been published over the previous 5years. For the establishment survey, updated factors forseasonal adjustment are calculated only once a year, alongwith the introduction of new benchmarks which are discussedat the end of the next section.Sampling variabilityStatistics based on the household and establishment surveysare subject to sampling error, that is, the estimate of thenumber of people employed and the other estimates drawnfrom these surveys probably differ from the figures that wouldbe obtained from a comp lete census, even if the same questionnaires and procedures were used. In the household survey, theamount of the differences can be expressed in terms of standard errors. The numerical value of a standard error dependsupon the size of the sample, the results of the survey, and otherfactors. However,

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HOUSEH OLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATATabla A-1. Employmant atatua of tha population, Including Armad Forcaa In tha Unltad Stataa, by aax(Number* In thousa nds)

S e p t .1 9 8 2 Aug.1 9 8 3 S e p t .1 9 8 3 S e p t .1982 (lay" 1 9 8 3 J u n e1 9 8 3 J u l y1 9 8 3 Aug.1 9 e 3 S e p t .1 9 8 3TOTAL

Nonlnatltuttonal population'Labor force*Participation rate*Total employed'Employment-population ratio4 . .Resident Armed ForcesCivilian employedAgricultureNonagrlcultural IndustriesUnemployedUnemployment rate*Not In labor force

Men* is} yoefs ano overNonlnstltutlonal population*Labor force*Participation rate*Total employed*Employment-population ratio4 . .Resident Armed ForcesCivilian employedUnemployedUnemployment rate*

womoftt i e yo#re ano essNonlnstltutlonal population'Labor force*Participation rate'Total employed*Employment-population ratio4 ..Resident Armed ForcesCivilian employedUnemployedUnemployment rate*

1 7 4 , 3 6 01 1 2 , 2 1 66 4 . 41 0 1 , 5 2 1* 5 8 . 21 , 6 7 09 9 , 8 5 13 , 6 1 29 6 , 2 3 91 0 , 6 9 59 . 56 2 , 1 4 4

8 3 , 2 3 16 3 , 8 2 27 6 . 75 7 , 8 6 * 16 9 ^ 51 , 5 2 65 6 , 3 3 55 , 9 6 19 . 3

9 1 , 1 2 94 8 , 3 9 45 3 . 14 3 , 6 6 04 7 . 91 444 3 , 5 1 64 , 7 3 49 8

1 7 6 , 1 2 21 1 5 , 2 6 06 5 . 41 0 4 , 8 4 95 9 . 51 , 6 8 21 0 3 , 1 673 , 9 8 89 9 , 1 7 91 0 , 4 1 19 . 06 0 , 8 6 2

8 4 , 1 7 36 5 , 9 7 37 8 . 46 0 , 1 8 37 1 . 51 , 5 3 85 8 , 6 4 55 , 7 9 08 . 8

9 1 , 9 4 94 9 , 2 8 75 3 . 64 4 , 6 6 64 8 . 61 444 4 , 5 2 24 , 6 2 19 . 4

1 7 6 , 2 9 71 1 3 , 8 9 26 4 . 61 0 4 , 0 6 15 9 . 01 , 6 9 51 0 2 , 3 6 63 , 5 4 29 8 , 8 2 59 , 8 3 08 . 66 2 , 4 0 5

6 4 , 26 1t 4 , 5 6 67 6 . 65 9 , 1 5 87 0 . 21 , 5 4 95 7 , 6 0 95 , 4088 . 4

9 2 , 0 3 64 9 , 3 2 55 3 . 64 4 , 9 0 44 8 . 81 464 4 , 7 5 84 , 42 29 . 0

1 7 4 , 3 6 01 1 2 , 5 2 86 4 . 51 0 1 , 2 1 35 8 . 01 , 6 7 09 9 , 5 4 33 , 36 39 6 , 1 8 01 1 , 3 1 51 0. 16 1 , 8 3 2

8 3 , 2 3 16 4 , 3 0 17 7 . 35 7 , 5 9 86 9 . 21 ,5 2 65 6 , 0 7 26 , 7 0 31 0 . 4

9 1 , 1 2 94 8 , 2 2 75 2 . 94 3 , 6 1 5U 7 . 91 444 3 , 4 7 14 , 6 1 29 . 6

1 7 5 , 6 2 21 1 2 , 4 1 86 4 .01 0 1 , 2 2 65 7 . 61 , 6 6 99 9 , 5 5 73 , 3 6 796 , 1 901 1 , 1 9 21 0 . 06 3 , 2 0 4

8 3 , 9 3 16 4 , 2 7 67 6 . 65 7 . 6 5 66 8 . 71 , 5 2 85 6 , 1 2 86 , 6 2 01 0. 3

9 1 , 6 9 148 , 1 425 2 . 54 3 , 5 6 94 7 . 51 414 3 , 4 2 84 , 5 729 . 5

1 7 5 , 7 9 31 1 3 , 6 0 06 4 . 61 0 2 , 4 5 45 8 . 31 , 6 6 81 0 0 , 7 8 63 , 5 2 29 7 , 2 6 41 1 , 1 4 69 . 862 , 1 93

8 4 , 0 1 46 4 , 8 1 67 7 . 15 8 , 4 6 46 9 . 61 , 5 2 55 6 , 9 3 96 , 3 5 19 . 8

9 1 , 7 7 94 8 , 7 8 45 3 . 24 3 ,9 904 7 . 91 434 3 , 8 4 74 , 79 59 . 8

1 7 5 , 9 7 01 1 3 , 5 3 96 4 . 51 0 2 , 9 4 95 8 . 51 , 6 6 41 0 1 , 2 8 53 , 5 2 79 7 , 7 5 81 0 , 5 9 09. 36 2 , 4 3 1

8 4 , 0 9 96 4 , 8 6 47 7 . 15 8 , 6 2 56 9 . 71 , 5 2 15 7 , 1 0 46 , 2 3 89 . 6

9 1 , 8 7 14 8 , 6 7 55 3 . 04 4 , 3 2 44 8 . 21 4 34 4 , 1 8 14 , 3 5 18 . 9

1 7 6 , 1 2 21 1 3 , 9 4 36 4 . 71 0 3 , 2 4 55 8 . 61 , 6 8 21 0 1 , 5 6 33,4899 8 , 0 7 41 0 , 6 9 99 . 46 2 , 1 7 9

8 4 , 1 7 36 4 , 8 1 47 7 . 05 8 , 5 7 06 9 . 61 , 5 3 85 7 , 0 3 26 , 2 4 49 . 6

9 1 , 9 4 94 9 , 1 3 05 3 . 44 4 , 6 7 54 8 . 61 444 4 , 5 3 14 , 45 59 . 1

1 7 6 , 2 9 71 1 4 , 0 6 36 4 . 71 0 3 , 6 4 05 8 . 81 , 6 9 51 0 1 , 9 4 53 , 2 9 09 8 , 6 5 51 0 , 4 2 39 . 16 2 , 2 3 4

8 4 , 2 6 16 4,oaa77 . 15 8 , 8 2 66 9 . 81 , 5 4 95 7 , 2 7 76 , 1 1 89 . 4

9 2 , 0 3 64 9 , 1 1 95 3 . 44 4 , f l 1 44 8 . 71 464 4 , 6 6 84 , 3 0 58 . 8

' The population and Arm ed Forces figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation;therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seaconelfy adjustedcolumns.* Includes members o f the A rmed Forces stationed In the United States.

* Labor fores ss s percent of the noninstltutlonsl population.4 Total employment as s percent of the noninstltutlonsl populetlon. Unemployment ss s percent of the labor force (Including the resident ArmedForces).

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HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATATable A- 2. Employment sta tus of the civilian population by sex and age(Numbers In thousands)

Employment status, sex, an d ageSept.1982

Aug.1983 Sept.1983

Seasonally adjusted1

Sept.1982

May1983

June1983 July1983 Aug.1963

TOTALCivi l ian noninst i tut ionai populat ionCivi l jan labor forcePart ic ipat ion rateEmployedEmployment-populat ion rat io 2 . . .UnemployedUnemployment rate

M en, 20 years an d overCivi l ian noninst i tut ionai populat ionCivi l ian labor forcePart ic ipat ion rateEmployedEmployment-populat ion rat io 2 . . .Agr icul tureNonagr icul turai indust r iesUnemployedUnemployment rate

Women, 20 years an d overCivi l ian noninst i tut ionai populat ion

Civi l ian labor forcePart ic ipat ion rateEmployedEmployment-populat ion rat io 2 . . .Agr icul tureNonagr icul turai indust r iesUnemployedUnemployment rateBoth sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civi l ian noninst i tut ionai populat ionCivi l ian labor forcePart ic ipat ion rateEmployedEmployment-populat ion rat io 2 . . .Agr icul tureNonagr icul turai indust r iesUnemployedUnemployment rate

172,6901 1 0 , 5 H 664.0

99,8515 7 , 81 0 , 6 9 59. 7

73,8675 8 , 1 4 97 8 . 75 3 , 2 1 27 2 . 02 ,5795 0 , 6 3 34,9378,. 5

8 3 , 1 5 24 4 , 3 0 85 3 . 34 0 , 4 8 74 8 . 76 6 339,8243 , 8 2 18 . 6

1 5 , 6 7 18 ,0895 1 . 66 , 1 5 2

39.33705,7821 , 9 3 72 3 . S

1 7 4 , 4 4 01 1 3 , 5 7 865.1

103,1675 9 . 11 0 , 4 1 19. 2

7 5 , 0 1 25 9 , 3 5 17 9 - 154,58672.8

2,6965 1 , 8 9 04,7658. 0

84,22444,58252.94 0 , 8 4 34 8 . 57 3 14 0 , 1 1 23,739

8. 4

1 5 , 2 0 49,644

63.47,737

50.95 6 17,1771 , 9 0 71 9 . 8

1 7 4 , 6 0 21 1 2 , 1 9 764.31 0 2 , 3 6 65 8 . 6

9,8308. 8

7 5 , 1 1 55 8 , 9 5 47 8 . 55 4 , 4 4 47 2 . 52 , 5875 1 , 8 5 74 , 5 1 07. 6

84,33345,46753.94 1 , 8 4 749.6

6434 1 , 2 0 43,6208 . 0

1 5 , 1 5 47,7765 1 . 36,0754 0 . 1

3 1 25,7641,70021.9

1 7 2 , 6 9 01 1 0 , 8 5 864.2

99,54357.61 1 , 3 1 51 0 . 2

73,8675 8 , 3 5 479.0

52,7767 1 . 42,43650,3405 ,578

9. 6

8 3 , 1 5 243,9965 2 . S4 0 , 2 8 64 8 . 45 8 839,6983 , 7 1 08 . 4

1 5 , 6 7 18 ,5085 4 . 36,4814 1 . 4

3396,1422,0272 3 . 8

1 7 3 , 9 5 31 1 0 , 7 4 96 3 . 799,557

57.21 1 , 1 9 21 0 . 1

7 4 , 7 1 258,5067 8 . 35 2 , 9 0 17 0 . 8

2 , 4435 0 , 4 5 85,6059.6

83,8994 4 , 2 2 85 2 . 74 0 , 4 8 44 8 . 3

5973 9 , 8 8 73 ,7448 . 5

1 5 , 3 4 28 , 0 1 55 2 . 26 , 1 7 24 0 . 23 2 75 , 8451 , 8 4 32 3 . 0

1 7 4 , 1 2 51 1 1 , 9 3 264.3

100,7865 7 . 91 1 , 1 4 61 0 . 0

7 4 , 8 1 45 8 , 8 0 478.6

53,5167 1 . 52,52950,9875 ,2889. 0

8 4 , 0 0 84 4 , 6 4 85 3 . 140,78948.6

6 364 0 , 1 5 33,8598. 6

1 5 , 3 0 38 ,4805 5 . 46,481. 4 2 . 4

3 576, 1241,99923.6

174,3061 1 1 , 8 7 564.21 0 1 , 2 8 55 8 . 1

10,5909. 5

74,92759,0167 8 . 85 3 , 8 0 87 1 . 8

2 , 5445 1 , 2 6 45 ,2088 . 8

8 4 , 1 2 244,6855 3 . 14 1 , . 1 6 448.9

60740,5573 , 5 2 17. 9

1 5 , 2 5 78 , 1 7 353.66 , 3 1 34 1 . 43765,93 71 , 8 6 02 2 . 8

1 7 4 , 4 4 01 1 2 , 2 6 164.41 0 1 , 5 6 35 8 . 2

10,6999. 5

7 5 , 0 1 258,9457 8 . 65 3 , 7 7 17 1 . 7

2,4965 1 , 2 7 55,1748 . 8

8 4 , 2 2 44 5 , 0 0 35 3 . 44 1 , 3 9 44 9 . 1

63040,764

3,6098.0

1 5 , 2 0 48 , 3 1 35 4 . 76,39742.1

3626,0351 , 9 1 62 3 . 0

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HOUSEHOLD DATATable A-3. Employment status of the civilian popu lation by race, sex, age, and Hispanic origin(Numbers in thousands)

HOUSEHOLD DATA

Employment status, racs, sex, age, andHispanic originNot seasonally adjusted

Sept.1982

Auq.1983 Sept.1983

Seasonally adjusted1Sept.1982

May1983

June1983

July1983 Aug.1963 Sept.1983

WHITECivi l ian noninst l tut ional populat ion 1145 #65 2Civi l ian tabor force .Participation rateEmployedEmployment-populat ion rat io 1UnemployedUnemployment rate

Men, 20 years and overCivi l ian labor forceParticipation rateEmployedEmployment-populat ion rat io2UnemployedUnemployment rateWomen, 20 years and overCivi l ian labor forceParticipation rateEmployedEmployment-populat ion rat io 2Unemployed

Unemployment rateBoth sexes, 16 to 19 yearsCivi l ian labor fo rceParticipation rateEmployedEmployment-populat ion rat io 2 . . .UnemployedUnemployment rateMe nWomen

BLACKCivi l ian noninst i tut ional p opulat ion ..Civi l ian labor force

Participation rateEmployedEmployment-populat ion rat io2Unemployed ...'Unemployment rate

9 6 , 3 U 66 4 . 48 6 # 1 7 5o8 .98 , 1 7 18 . 5

5 1 , 3 1 57 9 . 24 7 , 4 9 3

7 3 . 33 ,8227 . 4

3 7 , 9 0 45 2 . 73 5 , 0 3 54 8 . 72 , 8 6 *7 . 6

7 ,12 75 4 . 95 ,6474 3 . 51 , 4 8 02 0 . 82 1 . oI S . 9

1 8 , 6 5 91 1 , 4 3 36 1.39 ,19 94 9 . 3

2 , 2 3 51 9 . 5

1 5 1 , 0 0 39 8 , 6 4 9

6 5 . 39 0 , 9 0 86 0 . 2

7 , 7 4 27 .8

5 2 , 2 4 87 9 . 5

4 8 , 6 1 07 4 . 0

3,63**7 .0

3 8 , 0 2 25 2 . 33 5 , 3 0 54 8 . 52 , 7 1 77 . 1

8 , 3 7 96 6 . 8

6 , 9 9 25 5 . 71,387

16.616.716.4

1 8 , 9 6 61 1 , 9 9 76 3 . 39 , 6 3 35 0 . 8

2 , 3 6 419 .7

1 5 1 , 0 2 19 7 , 4 8 5

6 4 .69 0 , 1 5 85 9 . 77 ,3277 . 5

1 , 8 2 97 8 . 94 8 , 3 4 37 3 . 6

3 ,4866 . 7

3 8 , 8 1 65 3 . 33 6 , 2 0 34 9 . 72 ,6 12

6. *6 ,8405 4 . 75 , 6 1 14 4 . 91 , 2 2 91 6 . 01 7 . 91 8 . 0

1 8 , 9 9 41 1 , 7 5 46 1.99 , 5 5 35 0 .32 , 2 0 11 8 . 7

14 9 ,6 5 29 6 , 6 4 0

6 4 . 68 7 , 8 7 25 8 . 78 ,7689 . 1

5 1 , 5 1 77 9 . 54 7 , 1 0 07 2 . 74 , 4 1 7

8 .6

3 7 , 6 7 65 2 . 4

3 4 , 8 6 54 8 . 52 , 8 1 17 . 5

7 , 4 4 75 7 . 45 , 9 0 7

4 5 . 51 , 5 4 02 0 . 72 2 . 21 9 . 1

1 8 , 6 5 91 1 , 4 4 36 1 . 39 , 1 7 24 9 . 22 , 2 7 11 9 . 8

1 5 0 , 6 7 19 6 , 3 6 2

6 4 . 08 7 , 7 7 75 8 . 38 ,585

8 .9

5 1 , 5 8 97 8 . 74 7 , 1 5 07 2 . 04 , 4408 .6

3 7 , 7 0 35 2 . 03 4 , 9 6 14 8 . 32 ,742

7 . 37 , 0 6 95 5 . 75 , 6 6 6

4 4 .61 , 4 0 31 9 . 82 0 . 21 9 . 4

1 8 , 8 8 01 1 , 6 7 26 1 . 89 , 2 7 04 9 .1

2 , 4 0 22 0 . 6

1 5 0 , 8 1 09 7 , 2 5 0

6 4 . 58 8 , 8 8 05 8 . 9

8 ,3708 .6

5 1 , 7 7 17 8 . 94 7 , 7 1 07 2 . 74 , 0 6 07 . 8

3 8 , 1 2 45 2 . 6

3 5 , 2 8 74 8 . 6

2 ,8377 . 4

7 ,3555 8 . 25 ,8834 6 . 51 , 4 7 22 0 . 01 9 . 82 0 . 2

1 8 , 9 1 11 1 , 7 8 36 2 . 39 , 3 5 24 9 . 5

2 , 4 3 22 0 . 6

1 5 0 , 9 5 99 7 , 3 4 16 4 . 58 9 , 3 8 25 9 . 2

7 , 9 5 98 . 2

5 1 , 9 1 97 9 . 0

4 7 , 9 3 57 3 . 0

3 , 9 847 . 7

3 8 , 2 4 25 2 . 6

3 5 , 6 6 84 9 . 12 , 5 74

6 . 77 , 1 8 C5 7 . 15 ,7794 5 . 91 , 4 0 11 9 . 52 0 . 41 8 . 5

1 8 , 9 4 21 1 , 7 6 46 2 . 19 , 4 6 95 0 . 0

2 , 2 9 51 9 . 5

1 5 1 , 0 0 39 7 , 6 0 26 4 .68 9 , 5 7 35 9 .3

8 ,029

5 1 , 8 8 879.0

4 7 ,8 9 27 2 .9

3 ,9 9 77 .7

3 8 , 4 3 35 2 . 83 5 , 8 4 34 9 . 32 ,5 9 0

6 .77 , 2 8 15 8 . 05 ,8394 6 . 51 , 4 4 21 9 . 82 1 . 11 8 . 4

1 8 , 9 6 6 .1 1 , 7 4 5 j6 1 . 9 I9 ,398 j49.6 I

2 , 3 4 720.0

1 5 1 , 0 2 19 7 , 6 0 56 4 . 68 9 , 7 1 95 9 . 4

7 ,P8 58 . 15 1 , 9 1 3

7 9 . 04 7 , 8 6 47 2 .9

4 ,04 97 .6

3 8 , 5 4 05 2 . 93 5 , S 8 74 9 . 42 , 5 5 3

6. 67 , 1 5 15 7 . 25 ,8634 7 . 01 , 2 8 31 7 . :

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HOUSEHOLD DATATable A-4. Selected employment Indicators(Numbers In thousands)

HOUSEHOLD DATA

CategoryNo t

S e p t .1 9 8 2 A u g .1 9 8 3 S e p t .1 9 8 3

Seasonally adjustedSept.1982 Ma y1983

J u n e1983

J u l y198 3

Aug.1963

Sept.1983

CHARACTERISTICCivi l ian employe d, 16 years and overMarr ied men, spouse presentMarr ied women, spouse presentW o m e n who maintain fami l ies

MAJOR INDUSTRY AND CLASS OF WORKERAgr icul ture:Wage and salary workersSel f -employed workersUnpaid fami ly workersNonagr icul tural indust r ies:Wage and salary workersGovernmentPrivate industriesPr ivate house holdsOther indust r iesSel f -employed workersUnpaid fami ly workers

PERSONS AT WORK 1Nonagr icul tural indust r iesFul l - t ime sche dules

Part t ime for economic reasonsUsual ly work ful l t imeUsually work part t imePart t ime for noneconomic reasons

99,85138,45924,4535,130

1,6611,681270

8 6 , 3 9 91 5 , 5 3 47 2 , 8 6 51,2127 1 , 6 5 37,4563 8 4

9 1 , 4 1 57 2 , 7 7 55,9242 , 2 8 63 , 6 3 81 2 , 7 1 6

1 0 3 , 1 6 73 8 , 6 5 32 4 , 3 2 35,053

1,9981,691299

9 1 , 1 0 81 5 , 0 0 67 6 , 1 0 11,3657 4 , 7 3 67,7043 6 7

8 7 , 5 1 37 1 , 4 3 76 , 4 231,7824 , 6 4 19 , 653

1 0 2 , 3 6 63 8 , 7 8 92 5 , 2 9 65 , 1 3 9

1,7101,5802 5 2

S 0 , 7 2 81 5 , 4 0 97 5 , 3 1 91,2857 4 , 0 3 47 , 7 1 43 8 2

9 4 , 2 6 27 5 , 8 5 65,5941,6433 , 9 5 11 2 , 8 1 2

9 9 , 5 4 33 7 , 9 9 82 4 , 1 5 95 , 1 1 8

1,5371,5692 5 4

8 8 , 5 6 21 5 , 6 8 17 2 , 8 8 11,2207 1 , 6 6 17 , 4 223 7 8

9 0 , 8 8 47 1 , 7 2 36,4952 , 5 1 93,9761 2 , 6 6 6

9 9 , 5 5 73 7 , 5 6 02 4 , 2 2 94 , 9 4 2

1,5951,5582298 8 , 3 9 51 5 , 5 2 37 2 , 8 7 2

1,2287 1 , 6 4 47 , 4 083 3 5

9 0 , 9 4 17 2 , 9 7 55,9281,6854 , 2 4 31 2 , 0 3 8

1 0 0 , 7 8 63 7 , 9 2 52 4 , 3 3 55 , 0 1 6

1,6361,6082 6 3

8 9 , 3 5 41 5 , 4 9 87 3 , 8 5 61,3177 2 , 5 3 97,4933 45

9 0 , 5 3 97 2 , 9 7 85,7291,7024 , 0 2 71 1 , 8 3 3

1 0 1 , 2 8 53 8 , 2 9 32 4 , 6 4 05 , 088

1,6631,5832 5 9

8 9 , 7 6 51 5 , 6 1 57 4 , 1 5 01,2867 2 , 8 6 47 , 5 983 2 0

9 2 , 2 5 37 4 , 0 0 45,6361,8093,8261 2 , 6 1 4

1 0 1 , 5 6 33 8 , 3 0 82 4 , 9 7 25 , 1 0 4

1,6641,5662 4 5

89,99515,69774,2991,2907 3 , 0 0 97,65837 6

9 1 , S 8 67 3 , 4 9 55,7891,7184 , 0 7 11 2 , 7 0 1

1 0 1 , 9 4 53 8 , 2 5 32 4 , 9 9 65 , 1 2 4

1,5851,4732 3 7

90,81315,54975,2651,295

73,9697,66037 6

93,73774,8836,1061,7984,309

12,7481 Excludes persons "wi th a Job but not at work" dur i ng the survey period for suchreasons as vacat ion, i l lness, or indust r ial dispute.

Table A-5. Range of unemployment measures based on varying definitions of unemployment and the labor force,seasonally adjusted(Percent)

Quarterly averages Monthly data

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HOUSEHOLD DATATable A-6. Selected unemployment Indicators, seasonally adjusted

HOUSEHOLD DATA

Category

Number ofunemployed persons(In thousands)

S e p t .1 S 8 2 A u g .1 9 8 3 S e p t .1 S 8 3 S e p t .1 9 8 2 May1983 J u n e1983 J u l y1983 A u g .1 9 6 3 S e p t .1 9 8 3CHARACTERISTIC

Total , 16years and overMen, 16 years and overMen, 20 years and overWomen, 16 years and overWomen, 20 years and overBoth sexes, 16to 19yearsMarr ied men, spouse presentMarr ied women, spouse presentWomen who maintain fami l iesFul l - time w orkersPart-t ime workersLabor force t ime lost*

INDUSTRYNonagr icul tural pr ivate wage and salary workersMiningConstruct ionManufactur ingDurable goodsNondurable goodsTranspor tat ion and publ ic ut i t l t iesWholesale and retai l t rade Finance and service indust r iesGovernment workersAgr icul tural wage and salary workers

1 1 , 3 1 56 , 7 0 35 , 5 7 84 , 6 1 23 , 7 1 02 , 0 2 72 , 9 7 01 , 9 8 37 2 49 , 6 2 21 , 7 1 3

8 , 7 482 0 71 , 1 4 23 , 0 5 71 , 9 8 71 , 0 7 04 2 12 , 0 9 91 , 8 2 28 0 12 3 9

1 0 , 6 9 36 , 2 445 , 1 7 44 , 4 5 53 , 6091 , 9 1 62 , 5 7 51 , 8 6 16 7 09 , 0221 , 6 3 3

8 , 0701 6 29 9 02 , 4 1 21 , 4 7 19 4 14 4 82 , 0 9 81 , 9 6 18 3 02 8 4

1 0 , 4 2 36 , 1 1 85 , 1 2 54 , 3 0 53 , 5 1 81 , 7 8 02 , 4 8 81 , 8 1 37 1 38 , 8321 , 6 1 1

7 ,82317 91 , 0 0 92 , 2 0 21 , 3 7 86 2 44 2 32,0,6 21 , 9 4 88 0 73 0 5

1 0 . 21 0 . 79 . 69 . 68 . 42 3 . 8

7 . 27 . 61 2 . 41 0 . 21 0 . 61 1 . 7

1 0 . 71 8 . 52 2 . 013141 17107

6983004 . 91 3 . 5

1 0 . 11 0 . 69 . 69 . 58 . 52 3 . 0

7 . 07 . 51 2 . 99 . 91 1 . 01 1 . 5

1 0 . 52 2 . 72 0 . 41 2 . 31 3 . 51 0 . 57 . 01 0 .7 .5 .17 .

1

1 0 . 01 0 . 09 . 09 . 98 . 62 3 . 6

6 . 67 . 81 2 . 89 . 71 2 . 11 0 . 8

1 0 . 01 8 . 21 8 . 11 1 . 51 2 . 21 0 . 47 . 81 0 . 27 . 25 . 11 7 . 0

9 . 59 . 88 . 89 . 07 . 92 2 . 8

6 . 17 . 01 1 . 69 .1 0 .1 0 .

9 .1 6 .1 8 .1 0 .1 1 .9.7.9 . 77 . 35 . 51 4 . 2

9 . 59 . 98 . 89 . 18 . 02 3 . 0

6 . 36 . 91 1 . 69 . 41 0 . 11 0 . 6

9 .81 4 . 81 8 . 11 1 . 21 1 . 61 0 . 68 . 09 . 87 . 25 . 01 4 . 6

9 . 39 . 78 . 78 . 87 . 82 1 . 8

6 . 16 . 81 2 . 29 . 21 0 . 01 0 . 6

7 . 14 . 91 6 . 11 Unemployment as a percent of the civ i l ian labor force.2 Aggregate hours- lost by the unemp loyed and persons on par t t ime for econom ic

reasons as a percent of potent ial ly avai lable labor force hours.

Table A-7. Duration of unemployment(Numbers In thousands)

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HOUSEHOLD DATATable A-8. Reason fo r unemployment{Numbers In thousand* )

HOUSEHOLD DATA

S e p t .1 S 8 2 A u g.1983 S e p t .1 9 8 3 S e p t .1 9 8 2 Ha y1 9 8 3 June1983 July1983 Aug.1983 Sept.1983NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED

Job losersOn layoff ...Other Job losersJob leaversReentrantsNew entrantsPERCENT DISTRIBUTION

Total unemployedJob losersOn layoffOther job losersJob leaversReentrantsNew entrants