Blood Borne PathogensBlood Borne Pathogens

Blood Borne PathogensBlood Borne Pathogens

What ?What ? Workplace exposure to blood that Workplace exposure to blood that potentially carries infectious diseases potentially carries infectious diseases

such such as HIV and Hepatitis B.as HIV and Hepatitis B.

Why ?Why ? You need to know how you can minimize You need to know how you can minimize your your chances of workplace exposure to chances of workplace exposure to

bloodborne pathogens.bloodborne pathogens.

DetailsDetails The following pages include information The following pages include information regarding the following bloodborne regarding the following bloodborne pathogens topics:pathogens topics:

TopicsTopics

How You May Be Exposed to Bloodborne How You May Be Exposed to Bloodborne PathogensPathogensSigns to Alert You of Possible HazardsSigns to Alert You of Possible HazardsProtecting Yourself from Possible Protecting Yourself from Possible HazardsHazardsProtecting Yourself During an Accident Protecting Yourself During an Accident or Spill Cleanupor Spill CleanupWhat to Do if There Is An Injury IncidentWhat to Do if There Is An Injury IncidentWhat to Do If You Think You May Have What to Do If You Think You May Have Been ExposedBeen Exposed

How You May Be Exposed to How You May Be Exposed to Bloodborn PathogensBloodborn Pathogens

BBP can be found in:BBP can be found in:BloodBloodVomitVomitNose and mouth fluidsNose and mouth fluidsMucous membranesMucous membranesSkin secretions from Skin secretions from cuts, scrapes, burns, cuts, scrapes, burns, rashes, etc.rashes, etc.Other body fluidsOther body fluids

Occupational exposure Occupational exposure can can occur during:occur during:CPRCPRRemoval of foreign bodies Removal of foreign bodies from eyes or skin.from eyes or skin.Treating cuts and abrasionsTreating cuts and abrasionsChanging contaminated Changing contaminated bandagesbandagesDisposal of contaminated Disposal of contaminated sharpssharpsBiohazard spill clean upBiohazard spill clean up

Bloodborne pathogens are micro-organisms present in the blood.Bloodborne pathogens are micro-organisms present in the blood.

Routes of EntryRoutes of Entry

Absorption:Absorption: Absorbed into the blood stream through the skin or eyes

Inhalation:Inhalation: Absorbed into the bloodstream through the lungs

Ingestion:Ingestion: Absorbed into the blood stream through the gastro-intestinal tract from eating, drinking, or smoking

Injection: Injection: Absorbed directly into the bloodstream via broken glass, spray guns, needles, compressed air, knifes, etc.

Signs to Alert You to Possible Signs to Alert You to Possible HazardsHazards

International Symbol for Biohazard

Warning to prevent exposure through

Distance

(staying away) Barriers

(PPE and tools) BIOHAZARDBIOHAZARD

To alert you to possible hazards:

Signs must be posted at the entrance to work areas having potentially infectious material.

Sign should describe: Name of the infectious agent

Special requirements for entry

Name, telephone number of responsible person

Warning Signs and LabelsWarning Signs and Labels

Look for the following warnings and labels on Look for the following warnings and labels on biohazard waste:biohazard waste:

Warning labels on packagingWarning labels on packaging Red bags or labelsRed bags or labels Warning labels must be:Warning labels must be:

– Fluorescent orange or red-orangeFluorescent orange or red-orange– Properly affixed to waste containersProperly affixed to waste containers

Decontaminated waste does notDecontaminated waste does notrequire labelingrequire labeling

If you see a container with a biohazard label,

DO NOT open it.

Protecting Yourself from Protecting Yourself from Possible HazardsPossible Hazards

Know how to interpret biohazard warnings Know how to interpret biohazard warnings and labelsand labels

Follow local job proceduresFollow local job procedures Understand what you are dealing withUnderstand what you are dealing with Know the type of PPE required for the job Know the type of PPE required for the job

and wear itand wear it If you additional PPE is required, request itIf you additional PPE is required, request it Remove PPE prior to leaving the work areaRemove PPE prior to leaving the work area Place used PPE in designated containersPlace used PPE in designated containers Discard disposable PPE; do not attempt to Discard disposable PPE; do not attempt to

clean itclean it

Protecting YourselfProtecting Yourself

Wash your hands and remove your Wash your hands and remove your PPE before you:PPE before you:– EatEat– DrinkDrink– SmokeSmoke– Handle contact lensesHandle contact lenses– Apply cosmetics or lip balmApply cosmetics or lip balm

Protecting Yourself During an Protecting Yourself During an Accident or Spill CleanupAccident or Spill Cleanup

Put on a leak-proof apronPut on a leak-proof apron Use eye protection to Use eye protection to

prevent exposureprevent exposure Wear two pairs of gloves Wear two pairs of gloves

to prevent exposureto prevent exposure Restrict access to the Restrict access to the

contaminated areacontaminated area Use disposable towels to Use disposable towels to

soak up fluids or bloodsoak up fluids or blood Use scoop or scraper to Use scoop or scraper to

pick up solidspick up solids

Place all waste in a Place all waste in a labeled containerlabeled container

Wash hands after Wash hands after cleanup, using cleanup, using antimicrobial antimicrobial handwipes or soaphandwipes or soap

Use germicidal Use germicidal disinfectant wipes to disinfectant wipes to clean surfacesclean surfaces

Disinfect mops and Disinfect mops and other cleanup other cleanup equipment after useequipment after use

Safety ChecklistSafety Checklist

An Injury? What Do I Do?An Injury? What Do I Do?In the event of an accident that has injuries, it is important to follow the advice listed below for both responding to the accident and for clean up.

In case of an injury accident:

• Follow facility guidelines for responding to an incident

• Know what to do before an incident occurs

• Get help

• Shut off machinery, if appropriate

Do NOTDo NOT• Take unnecessary risksrisks

• Touch blood or bodyblood or body fluids

• Give unprotectedunprotected mouth-to-mouth resuscitation

• Add your namename to a list of injured

DecontaminationDecontamination MethodsMethods

Soap and waterSoap and water 10% bleach solution10% bleach solution Germicidal towelettesGermicidal towelettes Approved disinfectantsApproved disinfectants Separate laundering of soiled Separate laundering of soiled

clothing or linensclothing or linens

What to Do If You Think You What to Do If You Think You May Have Been ExposedMay Have Been Exposed

Decontaminate any exposed skin surfaceDecontaminate any exposed skin surface Report to your supervisorReport to your supervisor Determine the source of the exposureDetermine the source of the exposure Try to obtain a sample for analysisTry to obtain a sample for analysis Ask about vaccination, follow-upAsk about vaccination, follow-up

#1 Rule#1 Rule

Do Do NOTNOT

PanicPanic

Documenting the ExposureDocumenting the Exposure

Fill out form IIPP-08 (Accident form)Fill out form IIPP-08 (Accident form)– Fill it out as completely as possibleFill it out as completely as possible– Supervisor should fill out the form from information Supervisor should fill out the form from information

given by the injured/exposed employeegiven by the injured/exposed employee Describe what body fluids you were exposed Describe what body fluids you were exposed

toto Describe possible routes of exposureDescribe possible routes of exposure

– Absorption, inhalation, ingestion, injectionAbsorption, inhalation, ingestion, injection– Any open wounds or sore you may have hadAny open wounds or sore you may have had

Indicate if PPE failed. If so, explain how.Indicate if PPE failed. If so, explain how.

1. Inhalation is a possible route of exposure for a bloodborne pathogen?

2. Blood is the only substance that can carry bloodborne pathogens?

3. Decontaminated waste does not need to be labeled?

4. During a spill cleanup throw away all waste in the trash?

5. During a spill cleanup you should use a 3% bleach solution?

6. When responding to an accident with injuries, you should not give unprotected mouth-to-mouth resuscitation?

7. If you have been exposed to a bloodborne pathogen, washing your hands can minimize the spread of the pathogen?

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