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Block 1
War of War of independenceindependence
1. Long history of independence
2. The economy flourished
3. Self-reliance
4. Attitude of the mother country
5. Puritan revolution in England
6. Cooperation between the colonies
7. Help from the French
8. Blockade harmed British commerce
9. Settlers fought at home
10. Long British supply lines
1777-1783SaratogaYorktown
Also onWebsite
TimelineClick
How did the colonists manage to defeat the British?
War War
andand
IndependenceIndependence
Review: A Brief Timeline:
1776: Declaration of Independence
1776: British capture New York City
1776 – 1781 Revolutionary War
1781: French ships come to aid the colonists
1781: Britain surrenders
1783: Treaty of Paris
1787: Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia
1787: Northwest Ordinance
1789: U.S. Constitution ratified
1789: George Washington sworn in as first President of the United States
RailroadsRailroadsRailroadsRailroads
New wealthNew wealthNew wealthNew wealth
Wesley PowellWesley PowellWesley PowellWesley Powell
BuffaloBuffaloBuffaloBuffalo
Gold!Gold!
Trail of TearsTrail of Tears
RailroadsRailroads
New wealthNew wealth
Wesley PowellWesley Powell
BuffaloBuffalo
Northwest OrdinanceNorthwest Ordinance
17871787
Northwest OrdinanceNorthwest Ordinance
17871787
• No slavery in the new territory
• Trial by jury
• Freedom of religious worship
• No cruel or unusual punishment for a crime
“Indian lands and property shall never be taken from them without their consent; and in their property, rights and liberty they shall never be invaded or disturbed...”
Lewis & ClarkLewis & Clark
RailroadsRailroads
New wealthNew wealth
Wesley PowellWesley Powell
BuffaloBuffalo
Lewis & Clark1804 - 1806Lewis & Clark1804 - 1806Lewis & Clark1804 - 1806Lewis & Clark1804 - 1806
QualityTakes time!
Lewis & Clark’s Indian Guide: Sacagawea
"The Indian woman," Lewis wrote in his journal, "to whom I ascribe equal fortitude and resolution, with any person onboard at the time of the accident, caught and preserved most of the light articles which were washed overboard."
Trail of TearsTrail of Tears
RailroadsRailroads
New wealthNew wealth
Wesley PowellWesley Powell
War of 1812War of 1812War of 1812War of 1812
BuffaloBuffalo
• US declares war on Britain
•British capture and burn Washington DC
• Americans defeat British in New Orleans
• No more attacks on the USA at home until September 11, 2001
“The Star-Spangled Banner” written in 1814, becomes the National Anthem
Trail of TearsTrail of Tears
RailroadsRailroads
New wealthNew wealth
Wesley PowellWesley Powell
Chapter 9Chapter 9Chapter 9Chapter 9
BuffaloBuffalo
Trail of Tears 1838Cherokee and other tribes driven away from their lands to Oklahoma.
RailroadsRailroads
New wealthNew wealth
Wesley PowellWesley Powell
Trails to the WestTrails to the WestTrails to the WestTrails to the West
BuffaloBuffalo
TrailsTrails
DonnerParty
OregonTrail
PonyExpress
Riders : 80 -100Age: 11 - 40sRiders Changed : 75 -100 milesHorses Changed : 10 -15 miles
Quickest Run : 7 days, 17 hours (Lincoln's Inaugural Address, 1861)Cost of Mail : $5 per 1/2 ounce
Conestoga wagon
RailroadsRailroads
New wealthNew wealth
Wesley PowellWesley Powell
BuffaloBuffaloBuffaloBuffalo
BuffaloBuffalo
1883: Bill CodyBuffalo Bill’s
Wild West Show
60 million buffalo lived on the Great Plains
They were central to the existence of the Plains Indians: food: “jerky”, hides, and bone implements, dried dung, “buffalo chips”, used as fuel; part of religious ceremonies
1830 to 1889: methodical destructionfor sport, for hides, and to starve out the Native Americans: buffalo reduced to fewer than 1,000
Today about 30,000 buffalo live in protected areas, such as Yellowstone National Park in Wyoming.
60 million buffalo lived on the Great Plains
They were central to the existence of the Plains Indians: food: “jerky”, hides, and bone implements, dried dung, “buffalo chips”, used as fuel; part of religious ceremonies
1830 to 1889: methodical destructionfor sport, for hides, and to starve out the Native Americans: buffalo reduced to fewer than 1,000
Today about 30,000 buffalo live in protected areas, such as Yellowstone National Park in Wyoming.
Walt WhitmanWalt Whitman
RailroadsRailroads
New wealthNew wealth
Wesley PowellWesley Powell
New WealthNew WealthNew WealthNew Wealth
BuffaloBuffalo
Immigrants sent home (in this case to Germany) photos to prove they were succesful in their new country. They even moved the organ outside to avoid having to show their house which was not (yet) up to scratch.
Gold!Gold!
RailroadsRailroads
New wealthNew wealth
Wesley PowellWesley Powell
Wesley PowellWesley PowellWesley PowellWesley Powell
BuffaloBuffalo
Wesley Powell:first to boat the Colorado river through the Grand Canyon
Year: 1869Profession: geologist
Ten companions,four boats.
The Grand CanyonThe Grand CanyonThe Grand CanyonThe Grand Canyon
The Grand Canyon SkywalkThe Grand Canyon SkywalkThe Grand Canyon SkywalkThe Grand Canyon Skywalk
“Just like an eagle can fly into the Grand Canyon, my vision was for the visitors to walk the path of the eagle, and become surrounded by the Grand Canyon… My dream was to find a balance between form, function and nature.” –David Jin, Hualapai Tribe
The End
Video clip:Rafting on the Colorado River, Grand Canyon , Arizona