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474.i.1

IP 474/05 BS EN 58 : 2004 BS 2000 :Part 474 : 2004

EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 58

NORME EUROPÉENNE

EUROPÄISCHE NORM July 2004

ICS 91.100.50 Supersedes EN 58:1984

English version

Bitumen and bituminous binders — Sampling bituminous binders

Bitumes et liants bitumineux - Echantillonnage des liantsbitumineux

Bitumen und bitumenhaltige Bindemittel - Probenahmebitumenhaltiger Bindemittel

This European Standard was approved by CEN on 16 January 2004.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for givingthis European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographicalreferences concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CENmember.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language madeby translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat hasthe same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.

EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels

© 2004 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means Ref. No. EN 58:2004:Ereserved worldwide for CEN national Members.


BITUMEN SAMPLING, IP 474

474.ii.2

Contentspage

Foreword . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iii

1 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

2 Terms and definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

3 Safety precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

4 Fundamentals of sampling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

5 Sample size . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

6 Choice of sampling method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

7 Number of samples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

8 Arrangements, equipment and methods of sampling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

9 Further treatment of samples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

Annex A (informative) Example of a form for reporting on the sampling of bituminous binders . . . . . . 20



474.iii.3

Foreword

This document (EN 58:2004) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 336 "Bituminous binders",the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.

This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identicaltext or by endorsement, at the latest by January 2005, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawnat the latest by January 2005.

This document supersedes EN 58:1984.

According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the followingcountries are bound to implement this European Standard : Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic,Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerlandand United Kingdom.



474.1.4

1 Scope

This document describes methods of samplingbituminous binders, to determine the average qualityof the material under examination and/or todetermine deviations from average quality.

2 Terms and definitions

For the purposes of this document the followingterms and definitions apply.

2.1material under examinationentire quantity of the bituminous binder of whichthe properties are to be assessed.

NOTE - "Material under examination" is termed simply"material" in the body of this document.

2.2stationary materialmaterial in a storage container when all valves areclosed and there is no flowing in the container.

2.3flowing materialmaterial which flows in a transport pipeline or out ofthe drainline of a storage container.

2.4spot samplesample, taken in a single operation at a single placeand time.

NOTE - If it can be assumed that the material ishomogeneous, a spot sample can be regarded as arepresentative sample. If the material is nothomogeneous, a spot sample can only be regarded asrepresentative of a limited region around the samplingpoint.

2.5composite samplesample made up by the mixing of several spotsamples.

NOTE - A composite sample can be regarded as arepresentative sample, if the spot samples are takenaccording to a sampling plan which makes it probable thatthe composition of the composite sample approaches thatof the material as closely as possible.

2.6divided samplesample formed by dividing a spot, composite orrepresentative sample into several similar parts byappropriate means.

2.7layer sampleupper, middle or lower layer samplespot sample taken at a specific depth in a stationarymaterial, usually in order to detect segregation inlarge storage containers.

2.8surface samplespot sample taken at less than 5 cm below theupper surface.

2.9vertical straight-through samplesample, taken by drawing a sampling device throughthe total depth of the material under examinationand thereby including all layers of the material.

2.10main stream samplesample taken from the outlet stream of a container,such that the entire cross-section of the outletstream is included.

2.11side-stream samplesample taken from the outlet stream by means of asampling probe.

2.12laboratory samplesample intended for laboratory tests.

2.13test samplesample produced by treatment or subdivision of alaboratory sample during preparation in thelaboratory of the sample for individual tests.

3 Safety precautions

The safety precautions given in this clause representgood practice and shall be applied in all cases wherethey are not in conflict with local or otherRegulations which shall be followed.

NOTE 1 - The list of safety precautions given in thisclause is not necessarily exhaustive and they should beconsidered in conjunction with relevant national safetyRegulations and/or recognized safety code(s) for thepetroleum industry.

a) all Regulations concerning entry intohazardous areas shall be observedrigorously;

b) equipment shall be maintained adequately;



474.2.5

NOTE 2 - Regular inspections of equipment should becarried out by a competent person.

c) all equipment and access facilities shall bechecked to ensure that they are adequatefor safe working before commencement ofsampling;

d) metallic sampling devices used in flammableatmospheres shall be constructed only fromnon-ferrous metal(s);

e) cords used as components of samplingdevices shall be constructed only fromvegetable fibre(s), e.g. manilla or sisal; foremulsions, the cord used shall not absorbwater from the emulsion;

NOTE 3 - Attention is drawn to the situation that forcords made from man-made fibres, it is possible for anoperator to build-up a dangerous level of electrostaticcharge on his person, if he is not earthed and wearinginsulating gloves, and that certain man-made fibres willmelt or dissolve in hot bitumen.

f) precautions shall be taken to prevent thebreathing of petroleum vapours duringsampling operations;

g) for samples taken from the main stream, thesampling device shall be selected such thatsampling can be performed withoutpressure.

4 Fundamentals of sampling

4.1 Correct sampling techniques are aprerequisite if meaningful test results are to beobtained. There should be a facility for heating thesampling device.

4.2 The person taking the sample shall beexperienced in the methods to be employed.

4.3 If the sample is to be subdivided, a suitablylarge representative sample shall be taken anddivided into the required number of divided samples.

4.4 A sampling report shall be prepared andsigned by the person taking the sample. Thesampling report shall include:

a) the reason for sampling;

b) the method of sampling;

c) the circumstances surrounding sampling;

d) the date, time and location (batch number orstorage container or pipe identification);

e) the name of the sampler.

A prepared form shall be used for the samplingreport (for example, see Annex A); a copy of thesampling report shall be placed with each dividedsample. Sampling reports shall not be put intosample containers.

NOTE - Because of the variety of materials for which thesame container vehicle or storage tank may be used,account should always be taken of possible contaminationby residues, deposits or solvents. For this reason it isrelevant to enter data in the report on the previous historyof the container vehicle or storage tank.

5 Sample size

Each divided sample should consist of at least0,5 kg material.

NOTE - The required size of a laboratory sample isdependent upon the nature and extent of the tests to becarried out.

6 Choice of sampling method

The sampling method to be used depends upon:

a) tests to be carried out;

b) purpose of the tests;

c) nature, quantity and temperature of thematerial under examination;

d) number, type and size of the containers orcans from which the sample is to be taken;

e) whether the sample is to be taken from astationary or a flowing material.

Arrangements, equipment and methods of samplingare described in Clause 8.

If samples shall be taken frequently from a largevolume liquid material container, samplingappliances such as sampling valves, samplingprobes or threeway cocks can conveniently beinstalled permanently. Otherwise, liquid testmaterials shall be sampled by immersion techniques,for example, by weighted sampling cans or bottomclosing sampling tubes; materials fluid at lowtemperature can be sampled from drums orcontainers of up to 2 m3 capacity by means of open



474.3.6

sampling tubes. Table 1 gives an informativeguideline for sampling devices.

Viscous, plastic and semi-solid material shall besampled using tools of the kind described in 8.4,semi-solid to brittle material by means of hand-

operated tools described in 8.5 and granular materialor lumps according to 8.5 and 8.6.

Sampling from the main stream by disconnectingthe pipe linking a container vehicle to a storage tankshall not be carried out.

Table 1 - Sampling methods for material liquid at either high or low temperatures in pipelines,containers or cans

Sampling method Sampling frompipelines

Sampling from containers of capacity

accordingto Clause

mainstream

sidestream

>800 m3 from 50 m3 to 800 m3

from 2 m3

to 50 m3#2 m3

and cans

samplingusingpermanentlyinstalledequipment

samplingprobe

8.1.1 ! % ! ! ! !

fromsampling

valve

8.1.2 ! ! % % % !

8.1.3 ! % ! ! ! !

3-wayvalve

8.1.4 % ! ! ! ! !

samplingusingimmersionmethods

weightedsampling

can

8.2.1 ! ! % % % (%)

surfacesampling

can

8.2.2 ! ! ! ! % !

bottomclosing

samplingtube

8.2.3 ! ! ! (%) % %

opensampling

tube

8.2.4 ! ! ! ! ! 0

verticalstraight-through

can

8.2.5 ! ! ! ! % %

samplingdirectly frominstallations

fromspraying

equipment

8.3 % ! ! ! ! !

Key

% usable(%) limited use 0 only usable for materials fluid at low temperature ! not applicable



474.4.7

7 Number of samples

The number of samples taken shall be dependentupon the size and form of the container and fordeliveries in cans and lumps upon the number ofthose in a delivery; the number of samples to betaken from a container shall be as given for eachsampling method in Clause 8.

For deliveries in cans and lumps, the number of cansor lumps from which samples are to be taken shallconform to Table 2. Initially, one sample from eachcan or lump shall be tested. If this test showsdeviation from the specification, the remainingsamples shall be tested.

If sampling is intended to check homogeneity(segregation) in stationary liquid material, at leastthree layer samples (upper layer, middle layer andlower layer) shall be taken. They shall not be mixedto form a composite sample.

If, in exceptional circumstances, it is desired toassess the average quality from layer samples, thegeometry of the container shall be taken intoaccount.

Table 2 - Number of cans or lumps from whichsamples are to be taken

Total number of cans orlumps (n)

Number of cans or lumpssampled

2 to 8 2

9 to 27 3

28 to 64 4

65 to 125 5

126 to 216 6

217 to 343 7

344 to 512 8

513 to 729 9

730 to 1000 10

over 1000 3/n, rounded to thenearest integer above,where n is the totalnumber of cans or lumps

8 Arrangements, equipment andmethods of sampling

NOTE - Before opening a valve in a line under pressure, besure that the sampling can be performed withoutpressure.

8.1 Sampling using permanently installedsystems

8.1.1 Sampling probe. If samples shall be takenfrom a flowing material, it is convenient to takeside-stream samples using a sampling probeinstalled in the delivery pipe. The sampling probeshall be installed in a upward-sloping section of thepipe or on the pressure side of the pump, or in thecase of a gravity-fed system in a completely fullsection of pipe. The internal diameter of thesampling probe shall be less than 1/8 of the internaldiameter of the delivery pipe, and its opening shallbe approximately central in the pipe facingupstream. The sampling probe shall be equippedwith a stop-valve. For very viscous material, it maybe advantageous to arrange for the movable parts tobe totally immersed in the material. Figures 1 (forpipes without pressure) and 2 show examples ofsuitable arrangements; the arrangements shown inFigures 1 and 2 shall be equipped with a protectingbox in the sampling device.

Immediately before taking a sample at least 5 litresof the material shall be drawn off.

NOTE - It is desirable to have the possibility to returnthese five litres to the system.

If a representative sample is required, sampling caneither be continuous, or spot samples can be takenby opening the stop valve at equal time intervalsthroughout the period of flow.

This method is usable for flowing material. For awell mixed material, a spot sample, usually takenfrom the middle third of the material, can beregarded as a representative sample. For materialwhich is not well mixed, a sample taken during thewhole period of flow, or a composite sample formedfrom at least three spot samples, shall be used.

8.1.2 Sampling valve in container walls. Samplingvalves in the walls of heated containers canadvantageously be installed so that the movableparts and the pipework are as far as possible withinthe heated material. Figure 3 shows a suitablearrangement. For this arrangement, a simple covershall be provided for the sampling device.



474.5.8

Immediately before taking a sample, at least 5 l ofthe material shall be drawn off.

NOTE - It is desirable to have the possibility to returnthese 5 l to the system.

The sample shall be drawn off into a suitable cleancontainer or bottle.

This method is suitable for all liquid materials,whether hot or cold, and especially for containerslarger than 50 m3. For a well-mixed material, a spotsample, usually from the middle third, can beregarded as a representative sample.

For material which is not well mixed, layer samplesshall be taken from at least the top, middle andlower thirds.

8.1.3 Sampling valve in delivery pipes (see Clause6). To allow side-stream samples to be taken fromnarrow delivery pipes, a sampling valve can beinstalled in place of a sampling probe in the supplyline. The sampling valve shall be installed in anupward-sloping section of the supply line or on theoutlet of the pump. For systems flowing under theirhydrostatic head the sampling valve shall beinstalled on the pressure side of the supply pipe.

Immediately before taking a sample, at least 5 l ofthe material shall be drawn off.


If a representative sample is to be taken, the sampleshall either be taken continuously or several spotsamples shall be taken by opening the samplingvalve at intervals over the whole delivery period.

This method is suitable for flowing material. For awell-mixed material, a spot sample, usually takenduring the delivery of the middle third of thematerial, can be regarded as a representativesample. For a material which is not well mixed, arepresentative sample shall be obtained either bycontinuous sampling over the whole delivery periodor by combining at least three spot samples.

If thoroughly mixed material is unloaded from acontainer vehicle, the sample shall be taken duringthe delivery of the middle third of the material.

An example of a suitable valve is shown in Figures4 and 5.

8.1.4 Three-way valves (see Clause 6).

If samples of flowing material are to be taken fromnarrow pipes, e.g. on mixing plants, the installationof an easily accessible 3-way valve is convenient.The cock shall have an internal diameter appropriateto the size of the pipe, and shall be installed withthe sampling outlet pointing downwards. The lengthof the pipe leading to the outlet shall be as short aspossible. Figures 6 and 7 show an example of athree-way valve.

Immediately before taking a sample, at least 5 l ofmaterial shall be drawn off.


If a representative sample is to be obtained, severalspot samples shall be taken by opening the three-way valve at equal time intervals over the wholesupply period.

This method is suitable for all liquid materials innarrow pipes.

For well-mixed materials, a spot sample can beregarded as a representative sample, but formaterials which are not well mixed, a compositesample shall be formed from at least three spotsamples.

If a well-mixed material is unloaded from a containervehicle, the sample shall be taken during thedelivery of the second third of the material.

8.2 Sampling using submersible equipment

NOTE - The procedures described in 8.1 use permanentlyinstalled sampling devices and the depth from which thesample is taken is therefore fixed in advance withoutreference to the depth to which the tank may be filled atthe time of sampling. By the use of submersibleequipment samples can be taken from any depth.

8.2.1 Weighted sampling can. A weightedsampling can shall be used for sampling liquidmaterials and a typical example for high viscositymaterials is shown in Figures 8 and 9. For very fluidmaterials a weighted sampling can of the typeshown in Figure 10 may be used.

Clean the sampling can and close it with the bung;lower it by the suspension to the chosen depth inthe tank. Take a layer sample by withdrawing thebung with a short jerk on the suspension. Thesampling equipment shall then be held at a constant



474.6.9

depth until it is full as indicated by a cessation inthe formation of air bubbles.

NOTE - The opening in the flask or can is small incomparison with its volume, so that there is no significantcontamination of the sample by material from other layersduring the subsequent slow withdrawal of the samplingappliance.

The method is suitable for sampling fluid material ina storage tank. For well-mixed material and storagetanks of up to 50 m3 capacity, one spot sample,usually taken from the middle third, can serve as arepresentative sample. For less well-mixed materialand storage tanks greater than 50 m3 capacity,samples shall be taken from at least the top, middleand lower third of the material.

8.2.2 Surface sampling can. A surface samplingcan shall be used to take top surface samples ofliquid material in tanks up to 50 m3 capacity, e.g.road tankers. This consists of a clean, open-top can,of suitable diameter, in a holder, e.g. a laboratorystand, which also serves as a ballast weight. Thelength of the holder shall permit the can to belowered through the tank opening, and submergedbelow the surface of the material. Figures 11 and12 show an example of a suitable holder.

Take a sample by fixing a clean can in the holderand submerging the can just below the surface ofthe test material.

8.2.3 Bottom-closing sampling tube (thief). Abottom-closing sampling tube consists of a tube, theupper end of which carries a handle linked to a shut-off disc at the lower end. For use in taking straight-through samples, the length of the sampling tubeshall be at least equal to the depth of the material inthe container. An example of a suitable arrangementis shown in Figure 13.

8.2.4 Open sampling tube (thief). An opensampling tube consists of a tube of appropriatelength and diameter, conical in shape at the top andbottom ends. For sampling emulsions, tubesconstructed of glass or plastics material shall beused. Figure 14 shows an example of a suitablearrangement.

Take a sample by inserting the clean tube to therequired depth in the tank with its upper end closedby the thumb or a bung. Open the upper end so thatthe liquid rises in the tube; re-close the upper endand carefully withdraw the tube complete with thesample from the tank. Without wiping the exteriorof the tube, allow the sample to flow into a sample

container by opening the top end.

Open sampling tubes are suitable for samplingmaterial in drums or barrels. Barrels containingemulsions shall be rolled over and stirred thoroughlywith a rod by hand; rolling the barrel over alone isnot sufficient.

8.2.5 Vertical straight through sampling can. Avertical straight through sampling can shall be usedto take a vertical straight-through sample ofhomogeneous liquid material from tanks of up to50 m3 capacity, e.g. road tankers. This consists ofa clean open-top sampling can of approximately500 ml and of suitable diameter, with a securefixing to a rod of sufficient length to permit the canto be lowered through the tank opening, andsubmerged below the surface of the material downto the bottom of the tank; normally, an elongationrod is required for this (see Figure 12).

Attach the elongation rod securely to the samplingcan, immerse the assembly in the material and moveit up and down to ensure thorough mixing of thematerial in the can with that outside of it. Lift theassembly out of the material and place it directlyinto a despatch container of approximately 1 000 mlwithout touching the sampling can. Close thesampling can, detach the elongation rod and closethe despatch container.

NOTE - The lid of the sampling can will remain cool for ashort period after closure, and it is possible to detach theelongation rod easily whilst pressing down on the lid ofthe sampling can inside the despatch container, whenboth are situated on the ground.

8.3 Sampling from spraying equipment

Spot samples from spraying equipment shall betaken from the drainage valve or tap while thematerial is being circulated through the equipment.Immediately before taking the sample, at least 5 lshall be drawn off.


Two samples shall be taken of the middle third ofthe container. Immediately after taking each spotsample, the sample container shall be closedsecurely. If the sample is hot, apply a loose placedlid until the sample has cooled down.

8.4 Sampling using split sampling tubes

For taking samples from plastic to semi-solid



474.7.10

materials a sampling tube, opening along its length,can be used. The length shall be sufficient to allowthe sample to be taken from the whole depth of thematerial. Figure 15 shows an example of a suitablearrangement.

Expose the upper face of the material as necessary.If necessary, warm the open sampling tube andinsert it into the test material down to the desireddepth, at a point not less than 75 mm from anyedge, close the two halves of the tube andwithdraw it together with the sample.

This method can be used for sampling plastic tosemi-solid materials in drums.

NOTE - If the material is too hard for sampling with thesplit sampling tube, a hand tool should be used, asdescribed in 8.5. If the material is too soft and runs outof the split sampling tube, an open sampling tube (8.2.4)should be used.

8.5 Sampling using hand tools

8.5.1 Semi-solid to solid, unpulverized material,delivered in drums or cans, shall first be freed fromthe container. Take the sample using a cleansuitable tool including the entire vertical section. Nomaterial from within 50 mm of the boundary shallbe included in the sample.

8.5.2 Material in lumps shall be cut into two. Thesample shall be taken from the centre of thematerial using clean tools.

8.6 Sampling by coning and quartering

Sampling of granular material is carried out in asample splitter or by coning, quartering, mixing anddiscarding until the required test quantity isobtained; this ensures that the divided samples areof the same quality.

If the granular material is wrapped or packaged,pour it into a clean tray. Remove a minimum of 20shovelfuls (as spot samples) so that the granularmaterial is representative for the material underexamination; use shovels with steeply curved sides,e.g. stokers shovels. Make a pile of the materialfrom the spot samples on a clean sampling sheet ofat least 120 cm x 240 cm and turn the materialover twice. The purpose of the coning is tocompensate for any separation. Divide the materialinto four portions, remix these thoroughly andspread the material out into a circle, quarter it anddiscard two diagonally opposite quarters. Repeatthis mixing and quartering of the remaining material

until only the quantity required for four dividedsamples remains (see Clause 5). Divide this materialagain into four quarters; each quarter thenrepresents one divided sample. If only three dividedsamples are required, discard the fourth quarter. Theprocedure is illustrated in Figure 16.

9 Further treatment of samples

9.1 General

Combination of spot samples to form a compositesample, as well as mixing and subdividing ofsamples shall be carried out immediately after takingthe sample, with no break in continuity, so thatmaterial fluid only at high temperatures remainspourable, or no loss of volatiles occurs with testmaterial containing solvents. It is preferable that thework is carried out under cover, e.g. in a laboratory.

9.2 Sample and despatch containers orbottles

Sample containers and bottles shall be used to holdsamples taken from sampling appliances or frompermanent sampling facilities, combinationcontainers and bottles shall be used for combiningspot samples to form composite samples, anddespatch containers shall be used for despatching.The containers or bottles shall be clean and drybefore use.

NOTE - The use of separate containers or bottles for eachspot sample is particularly necessary when it is desired toderive an average sample from spot samples, taking thegeometry of the storage tank into account.

For material which is fluid only when hot,unlacquered steel or tin-plate cans or jars with awide opening and preferably with a spout aresuitable sample and despatch containers (see 9.5,NOTE 2). For despatch containers, onlyunlacquered, folded steel containers with wellclosed press-on lids are suitable.

For material fluid at low temperature, other thanemulsions, unlacquered tin-plate screw top cans,glass or suitable plastic jars, can be used asdespatch containers. Containers and bottles withnarrow openings are recommended for sample andcombination containers since this reduces, as far aspossible, evaporation of lighter fractions.

For emulsions, only glass or plastic bottles shall beused for sample, combination or despatchcontainers. The use of glass bottles for despatching



474.8.11

shall only be allowed when precautions have beentaken to prevent their damage during transport.

For hard or granular test materials, bags or cartonsof suitable materials or tins with press-on lids canbe used. Samples from materials on rolls shall berolled around a core with a diameter of at least80 mm and packed in a tube.

9.3 Preparation of composite samples

Composite samples shall be prepared from spotsamples if a representative sample is to be producedfrom spot samples, or the sample size requirednecessitates combining several spot samples, e.g.5 kg of emulsion, drawn by using a small opensampling tube.

When spot samples are combined to form acomposite sample, they shall be combined in thesame volume ratio as the volumes of the testmaterial to which they correspond.

Hot-flowing and cold-flowing materials shall becombined by pouring into a combination containerand mixing until homogeneous without affecting therepresentative nature of the samples (e.g. polymermodified bitumens).

For viscous, plastic or semi-hard test materials, thespot samples shall be removed from the samplingtube, if necessary after gentle warming, and placedeither in sample containers or directly into thecombination container. The samples are warmedcarefully and with constant agitation, placed in thecombination container and mixed untilhomogeneous.

Composite samples of granular material, or ofmaterial broken up for sampling, shall be prepared atthe point of sampling (see 8.5 and 8.6).

9.4 Splitting into divided samples

After homogenizing (see 9.3), spot or compositesamples of liquid or molten viscous materials shallbe immediately split into equally divided samplesand placed into similar, clean despatch containers orbottles fitted with lids (see 4.2). The containers orthe bottles shall be immediately closed tightly.

Divided samples of granular material shall beprepared at the sampling site (see 8.6).

9.5 Packaging, marking and despatch

All divided samples shall be clearly and durablylabelled to correspond with the sampling report (see4.4), either on the container (but not on the lid) oron a label attached to the container.

NOTE 1 - Divided samples should be numberedsequentially, both on the labels and in the reports.

If the samples are intended to determine deviationsfrom average quality, this shall be stated on thepackage or on the label.

For samples of emulsions, the despatch containershall be completely filled, and the temperature ofthe emulsion during storage and transport shall notbe lower than 5 °C. Sample despatch containersshall be kept tightly closed until required.

NOTE 2 - Sample containers, other than strong steel cansor drums, should be adequately protected against damagebefore and during despatch and transport.

NOTE 3 - The supplier’s instructions on storing emulsionsshould be followed.

General note for the Figures: all dimensions in mmare approximate.



474.9.12

Key

1 Sample outlet

Figure 1 - Sampling probe with an outside Figure 2 - Sampling probe with an inside stop-valve stop valve

Key

1 Tank shell2 Insulation3 Stop valve

Figure 3 - Sampling valve in an insulated container wall



474.10.13

Closed position Open position

Key

1 Opening indicator

Figure 4 - Piston-type sampling valve



474.11.14

Key

1 Pump2 Pipes to tank3 Bypass4 Sampling device5 Action button at a distance

Figure 5 - Sampling device in an asphalt production installation (positioned between tank and scales)

Key Key

1 Main stream 1 Main stream2 Sample outlet 2 Sample outlet

Figure 6a - Three-way valve in a pipeline - Figure 6b - Three-way valve in a pipeline - Position A: sample outlet closed Position B: sample outlet open



474.12.15

Dimensions in millimetres

Key

1 Pressure piping2 Three-way valve3 Heating pipe4 Two-way valve5 Normal6 Filling the space in between7 Volume of the space to the container

Figure 7 - Three-way valve



474.13.16

Key

1 Steel wire PTFE covered2 PTFE bung

Figure 8 - Sampling can: typical arrangement



474.14.17

Key Key Key

1 Sampling can 1 Hempen cord 1 Hempen cord2 Lead block3 Plug4 Hook5 Pliable hand

Figure 9a - Weighted Figure 9b - Weighted Figure 9c - Weightedsampling can - Brass sampling can - Closed sampling can -weighted sampling can position Open position



474.15.18

Key

1 Can in weighted cage 7 Brass or hemp line2 Bung 8 Copper wire handle3 Weighted cage 9 Bung4 Loading weight 10 Hinged collar to retain sample can5 Can-retaining spring 11 Copper strip6 Can 12 Lead base

Figure 10 - Typical weighted sampling cans and cages



474.16.19

Key

1 Bottom view2 Side view

Figure 11 - Typical holder for a surface sampling can

Key

1 Tin 500 ml with screw2 Lid for tin 500 ml3 Tin 1000 ml for placing the hot sample (in 500 ml tin)4 Lid for the 1000 ml tin5 Screw, soldered (temperature resistant) at 500 ml tin6 Rod with screws on both ends7 Connection (slieve)8 Elongation rod with screws on both ends9 Bolt

All screws M6

Figure 12 - Vertical straight-through and surface sampling can



474.17.20


Key

1 3 Ø wire hard soldered2 2 Ø steel wire 8 turns free length 60 extended length 803 View A-A4 Detail of part C5 Spring steel 1 thick6 View B-B

Figure 13 - Bottom closing sampling tube (thief)



474.18.21


Figure 14 - Open sampling tube (thief)


Key

1 Enlarged side view

Figure 15 - Split sampling tube



474.19.22

Key

1 Turning over2 Turning over3 Quartering4 Discarding5 Mixing6 Turning over7 The turning over, quartering and mixing should be repeated until only the quantity required for four divided samples remains.8 Division

Figure 16 - Scheme for dividing a sample of granular material



474.20.23

Annex A(informative)

Example of a form for reporting on the sampling of bituminous binders

A.1 Data on testing

A.1.1 Amount and description of the sample.

A.1.2 Nature and kind of material underexamination.

A.1.3 Object of sampling.

A.2 Data on delivery and use

A.2.1 Name of the manufacturer.

A.2.2 Name of the supplier (if different frommanufacturer).

A.2.3 Delivery address and recipient if required.

A.3 Data on sampling

A.3.1 Time and participants.

A.3.2 Location of sampling.

A.3.3 Sampling site : tank volume.

A.3.4 Sampling method used.

A.3.5 Data on sample, including consistency ofmaterial under examination.

A.3.6 Distribution of sample.

A.3.7 Special comments and notes.

Documents

Bitumen and bituminous binders — Sampling ... - aapaqtmr.orgaapaqtmr.org/Sampling_private/docs/249.pdf · Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia,