BiotechnologyBiotechnologyIntroduction to Micropipettes and Introduction to Micropipettes and

Gel ElectrophoresisGel Electrophoresis

Standards:Standards: BI4. c. BI4. c. Students know Students know how mutations in the DNA how mutations in the DNA

sequence of a gene may or may not affect the sequence of a gene may or may not affect the expression of the gene or the sequence of amino acids expression of the gene or the sequence of amino acids in an encoded protein.in an encoded protein.

BI5. c. BI5. c. Students know Students know how genetic engineering how genetic engineering (biotechnology) is used to produce novel biomedical and (biotechnology) is used to produce novel biomedical and agricultural products.agricultural products.

BI5. a. Students know the general structures and BI5. a. Students know the general structures and functions of DNA, RNA, and protein. functions of DNA, RNA, and protein.

5e.* Students know how exogenous DNA can be inserted into bacterial cells to alter their genetic makeup and support expression of new protein products.

Objectives:Objectives:

SWBAT SWBAT explain the structure and function of DNA, RNA, explain the structure and function of DNA, RNA,

and proteins.and proteins. predict the physical characteristics of an predict the physical characteristics of an

organism based on its genetic make up.organism based on its genetic make up. understand the general pathway by which understand the general pathway by which

ribosomes make proteins.ribosomes make proteins. understand how altering an organisms genetic understand how altering an organisms genetic

make-up changes the proteins the organism make-up changes the proteins the organism produces.produces.

MicropipettesMicropipettes

Used to dispense different volumes (liquid Used to dispense different volumes (liquid amounts) of liquidsamounts) of liquids

Measure in microliters= 1 millionth of a Measure in microliters= 1 millionth of a literliter

Tips for Using the MicropipetteTips for Using the Micropipette

Turn handle clockwise=decreases volumeTurn handle clockwise=decreases volume Turn handle counterclockwise=increases Turn handle counterclockwise=increases

volumevolume Push down plunger once to draw up Push down plunger once to draw up

solution, then releasesolution, then release Push plunger to second position to eject Push plunger to second position to eject

solutionsolution

Gel Electrophoresis Gel Electrophoresis

Used by scientists to separate fragments Used by scientists to separate fragments of DNA by size, charge, or other of DNA by size, charge, or other characteristics characteristics

Electrical charge runs through a buffer Electrical charge runs through a buffer solution, causes the DNA to migrate solution, causes the DNA to migrate towards positivetowards positive

Separates DNA fragments by size, gives Separates DNA fragments by size, gives us an unique DNA sequenceus an unique DNA sequence

MK+K

-A+A

- L

Gel ElectrophoresisGel Electrophoresis

SB buffer

The Mad Scientist!!!The Mad Scientist!!!

CareersCareers

Forensic Scientist- ($40-60,000)Forensic Scientist- ($40-60,000) Crime Scene Investigator ($45-60,000)Crime Scene Investigator ($45-60,000) Biotechnician-($45-50,000)Biotechnician-($45-50,000) Pharmacist-($67,000)Pharmacist-($67,000)