Carbohydrates• Elements: C, H, O
• Monomer: mono-saccharides
• Polymer: polysaccharides Glucose
Carbohydrates
• Function:– Energy storage– Identification on surface
of cell membrane Glucose
Lipids
• Elements: C, H, some O
• Subunits: glycerol + fatty acids
Phospholipid
Lipids
• Function: – Long term energy storage– Main part of cell membrane
• hydrophobic
Phospholipid
Proteins
• Elements: C, H, O, N
• Monomer: amino acids
• Polymer: polypeptide (protein)
Proteins• Function:
– Make reactions and cell processes happen
– Build bones and muscle– fight disease
Nucleic Acids
• Elements: C, H, O, N, P
• Monomer: nucleotides
• Polymer: DNA or RNA
Pyrimidines (DNA)
Purines (DNA)Nucleotides
Nucleic Acids
• Function:
• 1. Carry genetic info
Pyrimidines (DNA)
Purines (DNA)Nucleotides
Macromolecules
include
that consist of
which contain
that consist of that consist of that consist of
which contain which contain which contain
Carbohydrates Lipids Nucleic acids Proteins
Sugars and starches
Fats and oils
Carbon,hydrogen,
oxygen
Carbon,hydrogen,
oxygen
Carbon,hydrogen,oxygen, nitrogen,
phosphorus
Carbon,hydrogen,oxygen,
nitrogen
DNA and RNA
Nucleotides Amino AcidsGlycerol and Fatty Acids
Monosaccharides
Collagen, Keratin
Cell Membrane Structure
Extra cellular Fluid
Cytoplasm
Cell Membrane Structure
Proteins
Add stability and some have carbohydrates attached
Cell Membrane Structure
Carbohydrates
Act as chemical ID tags
Cell Membrane Structure
Protein channel
Allow larger or charged molecules to pass through the membrane by facilitated diffusion.
Cell Membrane Structure
Phospholipids
Flexible, yet strong barrier of the cell; is semipermeable.
Cell Membrane Structure
Hydrophilic head
Hydrophobic tail
Macromolecule reteach
Explain which biomolecule is represented…
There may be more than one…
Contains Carbon
Carbohydrate
Protein
Lipid
Nucleic Acid
Contains Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen, Nitrogen, Phosphorus
Nucleic Acid
Contains Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen
Carbohydrate
Protein
Lipid
Nucleic Acid
Contains Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen, Nitrogen
Protein
Nucleic Acid
The main part of the cell membrane (yellow in the diagram)
Lipid
The passageways through the cell membrane (pink in the diagram)
Protein
The “identification tags” the cell membrane (blue in the diagram)
Carbohydrate
A long string of Amino Acids
Protein
• Function is to make up the cell membrane that won’t dissolve in water
• Lipids
A polysaccharide
Carbohydrate
Monosaccharide
• Function is to carry genetic information
• Nucleic acids
Large, complex folding chain of amino acids
Protein
Amino acids
• Function is for energy storage and usage
• Lipid and Carbohydrate
A dissaccharide
Carbohydrate
Monosaccharide
Monomer: nucleotide
• Nucleic Acid
Nucleotide
Key
Adenine (A)
Thymine (T)
Cytosine (C)
Guanine (G)
• Function is to build bones and muscle
• Proteins
Phospholipids
Lipid
Hemoglobin transports oxygen in our blood.
Protein
• Function is to control cell functions
• Protein