Biomedical Engineering Desk Reference

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Contents

Author Biographies vii

Section 1 INTRODUCTION 1

1.0 Introduction 3

Section 2 MODELING BIOSYSTEMS 11

2.1a Modeling biosystems 13

2.1 b Introduction to computing 25

2.2 Simulation and estimation 35

2.3 Signals and systems 61

2.4 Basic signal processing 77

Section 3 BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE 99

3.1 Properties of materials 101

3.2 Classes of materials used in medicine 151

Section 4 CLINICAL ENGINEERING 339

4.1 Clinical applications of bioelectricity 341

4.2 Intensive care facilities 383

4.3 Operating theatre facilities 391

4.4 Anesthesiology 407

4.5 Simulation facility design 423

Section 5 MEDICAL DEVICES AND INSTRUMENTATION 431

5.1 Evolution of medical device technology 433

5.2 Medical device design and control in the hospital 439

5.3 Medical device research and design 447

5.4 Medical device software development 453

5.5 Virtual instrumentation 467

5.6 Electromagnetic interference in the hospital 493

Section 6 MEDICAL IMAGING TECHNOLOGY 505

6.1 Fundamentals of magnetic resonance imaging 507

6.2 Optical sensors 521

6.3 Fundamental enhancement techniques 547

6.4 Fundamentals of image segmentation 563

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6.5 Registration for image-guided surgery 579

6.6 Visualization pathways in biomedicine 591

Section 7 TISSUE ENGINEERING 617

7.1 Tissue engineering 619

7.2 Scope of tissue engineering 665

Section 8 ETHICS IN BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING 719

8.1 Bioethics: a creative approach 721

8.2 Bioethics and the engineer 747

Index 783

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