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biomass
TO OBSERVE FOREST BIOMASS
FOR A BETTER UNDERSTANDING OF THE CARBON CYCLE
The global carbon cycle
BIOMASS objectives and purpose
Objective of BIOMASS mission: to make accurate, frequent and global measurements of the distribution of forest biomass and its changes scales comparable with forest changes, and hence unprecedented information on status and dynamics of the Earth’s forests.
Crucial for:• Quantifying land use change (emissions & uptake)• Scientific support for international treaties• Landscape scale carbon dynamics and prediction• Initialising and testing the land element of ESMs• Forest ecosystem services & biodiversity
Estimates of total biomass vary from 39 to 93 GtC
How well is biomass known?
Land cover map
ModelBrown
Potter
Model + SatelliteInterpolation44
Olson
Defries
Brown and Lugo
Fearnside
Interpolation
Carbon (tC/ha)<= 100
101-150151-171
176-200
201-225226+
Tropical forest aboveground biomass maps
Two recent maps of Amazonian biomass – radically different
-30
-25
-20
-15
-10
0 40 80 120 160
Above-ground biomass (tons/ha)
Sig
ma
° (d
B)
L - HV
P - HV
HF - VHF
Relation radar backscatter signal-above ground biomass at L, P, VHF bands
Landes forest, France
L-band SAR: RAMSESP-band SAR: AirSARVHF SAR: Carabas
The sensitivity of P-band radar to biomass
Calibration, Ionospheric correctionCalibration, Ionospheric correction
Retrieval algorithmRetrieval algorithm
Geophysical productsGeophysical products
Forest biomass Forest height Forest biomass change Forest disturbance
Forest biomass Forest height Forest biomass change Forest disturbance
Polarimetric radar intensity
Polarimetric InterferometricPhase
Orbit cycle n
Orbit cycle n+1
Observation concept – P-band satellite radar
HH HV VV Phase
Mawas, Indonesia
P-band forest height retrieval – tropical forest
50
40
30
20
10
0m
Tomography
Est
imat
edbi
omas
s(t
on/h
a)
In situ biomass (ton/ha)
Est
imat
edbi
omas
s(t
on/h
a)
In situ biomass (ton/ha)
Est
imat
edbi
omas
s(t
on/h
a)
In situ biomass (ton/ha)
RMSE = 47.2 t/haEst
ima
ted
bio
mas
s (t
/ha)
In situ biomass (t/ha)
Les Landes
Remningstorp
Biom
ass (t/ha)
50
250
200
150
100
50
250
200
150
100
In-situ stand biomass (ton/ha)
Re
trie
ve
dbio
mass(ton/h
a)
In-situ stand biomass (ton/ha)
Re
trie
ve
dbio
mass(ton/h
a)
RMSE = 9.46 t/ha
Est
ima
ted
bio
mas
s (t
/ha)
In situ biomass (t/ha)
Forest biomass retrieval at P-band
0 150
150
0 `300
`300
Intensity retrieval
Intensity + height
Polarised intensities only
40
30
20
10
0m
Height (m)
Heightretrieval
50
250
200
150
100
50
250
200
150
100
Biomass (t/ha)
RMSE= 16.3 t/ha
RMSE= 35.6 t/ha
Improving biomass retrieval using polarisation & height
Current status
1. Report for Selection submitted, exception for performance chapter
2. Ministerial conference towards the end of 2012
3. If (2) goes well, Consultation Meeting early 2013, selection within a couple of weeks
4. If (2) goes badly ....