Biology Review

Trivia Game

Instructions• Students will work in teams of two or three• Give each team an individual white board with a dry erase marker

and an eraser. OR They could use single sheet of notebook paper.• Teacher presents a slide from the presentation that represents a

given unit taught previously in during the year.• Each slide has 3 questions covered in the unit, plus a random trivia

question. Where the questions are worth 3, 5, 7, or 9 points. It is up to the group members to assign each question one of the point values. The 4 points values must only be used once each round. The group must decide which question they know best and assign it the highest value. The question they know the least should be given the lower point value.

• Students are instructed to write an answer for every question.• After two minutes, time is up and the teacher asks for answers.• Once all answers have been posted, the teacher goes over the

answers.• Students are to calculate their score based on adding points for

correct answers or subtracting points for incorrect answers.• If you don’t like the trivia questions I picked then you can replace them using

the list Provided in the Biology Test Prep Session Packet.

Nature of Science• I wanted to test the effects of Red Bull on school performance. • I gave one class 1 energy drink each before taking the final, • another class 2 energy drinks each before taking the final, and • another class nothing before taking the final.

• I then compared the test scores of each class to see if Red Bull would increase their scores on the final exam. I would then graph each student’s score on a graph.

• Questions:– 1. What is the independent variable?– 2. What is the dependent variable?– 3. What type of graph would be best to display how the

number of Red Bulls is related to test scores?– 4. How many parents are required in order to reproduce by

asexual reproduction?

Answers Nature of Science

– 1. What is the independent variable? Amount of Red Bull

– 2. What is the dependent variable? Test Scores

– 3. What type of graph would be best to display how the number of Red Bulls is related to test scores? Line Graph

– 4. How many parents are required in order to reproduce by asexual reproduction? One

Microscope

• 1. Which of the organisms are smaller: Bacteria or Viruses?

• 2. Describe what happens to the image as it passes through the lenses of the compound microscope.

• 3. Determine the total magnification of an specimen using an ocular lens with 10x power and an objective lenses with 43x power.

• 4. What type of vessel was powered by a hand-cranked propeller when first used in combat in 1176?

Microscope

• 1. Which of the organisms are smaller: Bacteria or Viruses? Viruses

• 2. Describe what happens to the image as it passes through the lenses of the compound microscope. The images gets flips upside-down & backwards

• 3. Determine the total magnification of an specimen using an ocular lens with 10x power and an objective lenses with 43x power. 430X

• 4. What type of vessel was powered by a hand-cranked propeller when first used in combat in 1176? A submarine.

General Ecology• 1. In a food chain, carnivores could never be in which

two trophic levels?

• 2. Someone studying all of the biotic factors in an environment and its surroundings would be studying that environment’s ________.(biodiversity, biome, ecosystem or population)

• 3. Excess amounts of carbon dioxide can be trapped in the atmosphere above a city, allowing light and heat in but not allowing that heat to escape. Another name for this localized form of global warming is ___________ __________.

• 4. What tree family includes the largest and fastest-growing living thing on Earth?

General Ecology• 1. In a food chain, carnivores could never be in which

two trophic levels? Trophic Level 1 and 2 or Producers, herbivores

• 2. Someone studying all of the biotic factors in an environment would be studying that environment’s Ecosystem.

• 3. Excess amounts of carbon dioxide can be trapped in the atmosphere above a city, allowing light and heat in but not allowing that heat to escape. Another name for this localized form of global warming is Greenhouse Effect

• 4. What tree family includes the largest and fastest-growing living thing on Earth? The Sequoia.

Population Ecology

• 1. This is the only symbiotic relationship in which one of the organisms in the relationship remains unaffected. (mutualism, commensalism or parasitism)

• 2. A squirrel and a bird fight for living space on a particular tree. This is an example of what type of competition? (Intraspecific or Interspecific)

• 3. An earthquake is an example of what type of limiting factor? (density dependent or density independent)

• 4. What weather phenomenon is measured by the Beaufort scale?

Population Ecology

• 1. This is the only symbiotic relationship in which one of the organisms in the relationship remains unaffected. commensalism

• 2. A squirrel and a bird fight for living space on a particular tree. This is an example of what type of competition? Interspecific competition

• 3. An earthquake is an example of what type of limiting factor? Density Independent

• 4. What weather phenomenon is measured by the Beaufort scale? Wind.

Biochemistry

• 1. Which gives you the long term energy storage? (carbohydrate, lipids, protein or nucleic acids)

• 2. Most cleaning supplies are strong bases. On the pH scale what is a Strong Base.

• 3. Enzymes are considered what type of organic compound? (carbohydrate, lipids, protein or nucleic acid)

• 4. What determines the sex of crocodile embryos--temperature, humidity, or genetics?

Biochemistry

• 1. Which gives you the long term energy storage? Lipids (fats)

• 2. Most cleaning supplies are strong bases. On the pH scale what is a Strong Base. Greater than 7.

• 3. Enzymes are considered what type of organic compound? Proteins

• 4. What determines the sex of crocodile embryos--temperature, humidity, or genetics?.

Cell Processes

• 1. During which phase of mitosis the chromosomes are aligned along the “equator” of the nucleus? (Interphase, Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase or Cytokinesis).

• 2. What is the balanced equation for photosynthesis?

• 3. What is the product of cellular respiration?• 4. What does the praying mantis store by the

hundreds in oothecas?

Cell Processes

• 1. During which phase of mitosis the chromosomes are aligned along the “equator” of the nucleus?Metaphase

• 2. What is the balanced equation for photosynthesis?6CO2 + 6H20 C6H12O6 + 6O2

• 3. What is the product of cellular respiration?CO2 + H2O + ATP

• 4. What does the praying mantis store by the hundreds in oothecas?Eggs

Cell Structure

• 1. State the three parts of the Cell theory.• 2. Distinguish between a prokaryote and

a eukaryote.• 3. Discuss 3 main differences between

plant and animal cells.• 4. What's the least expensive and most

popular fruit?

Cell Structure• 1. State the three parts of the Cell theory.

» All living things composed of cells» Cells are basic units of Structure & Function» New cells come from existing cells.

• 2. Distinguish between a prokaryote and a eukaryote.

» Both have cytoplasm, cell membrane» Prokaryotes lack nucleus and organelles

• 3. Discuss 3 main differences between plant and animal cells.

plant cells contain chloroplasts (make own food), cell wall (provide structure), 1main vacuole (prevents wilting); animal cells contain centrioles (mitosis) and cilia/flagella (movement). Plant cells- normally more of a square shape, animal cells- shape fits function.

4. What's the least expensive and most popular fruit?The banana

Diffusion• 1. The cell contains 78% water, 12% salt and 10%

other materials. The solution it is in contains 95% water, 3% salt, and 2% other materials. IS it Hypertonic, Hypotonic or Isotonic? Draw a picture that best represents the above situation, include arrows to show the direction water will flow.

• 2. Is Diffusion Passive or Active Transport.• 3. What part of the cell (organelle) is responsible for

allowing materials to enter and pass through the cell (it is semi-permeable).

• 4. What type of whale can dive over 2,000 feet?

Diffusion• 1. The cell contains 78% water, 12% salt and 10%

other materials. The solution it is in contains 95% water, 3% salt, and 2% other materials. Identify the typed of solution the cell is in.

• Hypotonic solution, Cell will swell

• 2. Is Diffusion Passive or Active Transport Passive = No energy, osmosis & dialysis, from High to Low

• 3. What part of the cell (organelle) is responsible for allowing materials to enter and pass through the cell (it is semi-permeable).

Cell Membrane • 4. What type of whale can dive over 2,000 feet?

The sperm whale

Photosynthesis

• 1. In the Photosynthesis equation what happens to water? 6CO2 + 6H20 C6H12O6 + 6O2

• 2. Discuss the requirements for photosynthesis.

• 3. Chlorophyll is green because it _?_ (absorbs, reflects, or transmits) green wave lengths of light.

• 4. What tree-dwelling ape is known to Malaysians as the "person of the forest"?

Photosynthesis• 1. In the Photosynthesis equation what

happens to water? H20 is split to form O2 (oxygen)

• 2. Discuss the requirements for photosynthesis. Carbon dioxide, water, sunlight and chlorophyll

• 3. Chlorophyll is green because it _?_ (absorbs, reflects, or transmits) green wave lengths of light.

• 4. What tree-dwelling ape is known to Malaysians as the "person of the forest"?The orangutan

Cellular Respiration

• 1. Do plants use cellular respiration for energy.

• 2. What organelle is responsible for cellular respiration.

• 3. What form of energy is used by cells (enzymes, cofactors, ATP or DNA)

• 4. How many out of every four known animal species are insects?

Cellular Respiration

• 1. Do plants use cellular respiration for energy. YES

• 2. What organelle is responsible for cellular respiration.

Mitochondria • 3. What form of energy is used by cells

(enzymes, cofactors, ATP or DNA)• 4. How many out of every four known animal

species are insects? Three

Mitosis

• 1. Explain the difference in chromosome numbers in somatic (body) cells and reproductive cells (gametes) in humans.

• 2. Why must gametes be haploid?• 3. How is the end result of egg and

sperm production different? Be specific.• 4. What kind of baths do experts

recommend be two-and-a-half-inches deep?

Mitosis• 1. Explain the difference in chromosome

numbers in somatic (body) cells = Diploid 46 reproductive cells (gametes) = Haploid 23 in humans.

• 2. Why must gametes be haploid? With fertilization the two sets of 23 combine to make a new set of 46

• 3. How is the end result of egg and sperm production different? Meiosis creates 4 sperm cells in males. Meiosis creates 1 egg and 3 polar bodies.

• 4. What kind of baths do experts recommend be two-and-a-half-inches deep? Birdbaths

Meiosis• 1. The genetic disorder trisomy 21 (Down syndrome) is

caused by what genetic event? (crossing over, nondisjunction or base pair substitution)

• 2. During meiosis the resulting gametes have _______ the number of chromosomes as the parent cell.

• 3. The gene for colorblindness in humans is recessive and primarily affects males. So it must be located on? (x chromosome, y chromosome or both x and y chromosome)

• 4. What family of tentacled horrors includes the world's most venomous animal?

Meiosis• 1. The genetic disorder trisomy 21 (Down

syndrome) is caused by what genetic event? nondisjunction

• 2. During meiosis the resulting gametes have half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell.

• 3. The gene for colorblindness in humans is recessive and primarily affects males. So it must be located on? X chromosome

• 4. What family of tentacled horrors includes the world's most venomous animal? Jellyfish

DNA

• 1. What makes up the sides of a DNA molecule? What makes up the rungs of a DNA molecule?

• 2. List the 4 nucleotides found in DNA.• 3. State three ways in which the structure

of DNA differs from RNA. • 4. What's the longest poisonous snake?

DNA

• 1. What makes up the sides of a DNA molecule? What makes up the rungs of a DNA molecule? The deoxyribose sugar and the phosphoric acid molecules.

• 2. List the 4 nucleotides found in DNA.Cytosine, Guanine, Adenine, & Thymine

• 3. State three ways in which the structure of DNA differs from RNA. DNA is double stranded, has thymine instead of uracil, & has deoxyribose instead of ribose.

• 4. What's the longest poisonous snake? The cobra

RNA

• 1. List the 4 nucleotides found in RNA.• 2. How many bases code for an amino

acid? What is this group called? • 3. Which organelle does translation take

place? • 4. What color hair naturally graces the

heads of one in 16 Americans?

RNA• 1. List the 4 nucleotides found in RNA.

Cytosine, Guanine, Adenine, & Uracil• 2. How many bases code for an amino

acid? 3 What is this group called? Codon• 3. Which organelle does translation take

place? Ribosome• 4. What color hair naturally graces the

heads of one in 16 Americans? Red

Genetics

• 1. Using the letter A give an example of a homozygous dominant; homozygous recessive; and heterozygous genotypes

• I2. n pea plants, tall plants are dominant to short plants. If two heterozygous tall plants are crossed, what percent of the offspring will probably be short?

• 3. In holly trees, red fruit (A) are dominant to white fruit (a), and spiny leaves (L) are dominant to smooth leaves (l). How many of the new holly trees from a heterozygous cross could have white fruit and smooth leaves?

• 4. What body part becomes infected if you contract cholera?

Genetics• 1. homozygous dominant AA;

homozygous recessive aa; and heterozygous Aa• 2. If two heterozygous tall plants are crossed, what

percent of the offspring will probably be short? 25%• 3. In holly trees, red fruit (A) are dominant to white fruit

(a), and spiny leaves (L) are dominant to smooth leaves (l). How many of the new holly trees from a heterozygous cross could have white fruit and smooth leaves? 1 out of 16 or 6.25%

• 4. What body part becomes infected if you contract cholera? The intestine

Evolution

• 1. The image above illustrates what evolutionary concept:

• 2. Define and give an example of the following:divergent evolution

convergent evolution

• 3. Whales and snakes both have tiny leg bones that are not visible or used. This would suggest that:

• 4. What five-foot-tall birds are the tallest in North America?

Evolution

• 1. The image above illustrates what evolutionary concept: Homologous Structures

• 2. Define and give an example of the following:divergent evolution = convergent evolution = the process by which unrelated organisms

come to resemble one another. Shark/fish/penguin

• 3. Whales and snakes both have tiny leg bones that are not visible or used. This would suggest that: They came from ancestors with legs.

• 4. What five-foot-tall birds are the tallest in North America? Whooping cranes

Classification

• 1. List the 8 classification taxa from broadest to most specific:

• 2. Name the six kingdoms and give an example of each.

• 3. What language are most scientific names written in?

• 4. What blood type is the Universal Donor?

Classification• 1. List the 8 classification taxa from broadest to

most specific: Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genue, Species.

• 2. Name the six kingdoms and give an example of each. Eubacteria = E. coli; Archaebacteria = extremophiles; Protista = unicellular organisms; Fungi = mushrooms; Plantae = tulip; Animalia = fish

• 3. What language are most scientific names written in? Latin

• 4. What blood type is the Universal Donor?Type O

Micro Organisms

• 1. What is the main difference between the lysogenic cycle and the lytic cycle?

• 2. Describe the three main shapes of bacteria.

• 3. What are multicellular alga's included in the protist kingdom?

• 4. What pets are a major cause of salmonella poisoning  if handled by humans?

Micro Organisms

• 1. What is the main difference between the lysogenic cycle and the lytic cycle?Lytic cycle kills the cell quickly, Lysogenic cycle incorporates virus DNA into cell’s DNA and gets replicated that way.

• 2. Describe the three main shapes of bacteria.Coccus, Bacillius, & Spirillum

• 3. What are multicellular alga's included in the protist kingdom? The algas spend some part of their life as a unicellular organism.

• 4. What pets are a major cause of salmonella poisoning  if handled by humans? Turtles

Plants

• 1. What is alternation of generations?• 2. Differentiate between xylem and

phloem.• 3. Draw and label 10 parts of a flower.• 4. What single-seeded drupe was the first

fruit munched on the moon?

Plants

• 1. What is alternation of generations?A life cycle with an alternation of the haploid gametophyte phase to the diploid sporophyte phase.

• 2. Differentiate between xylem = carries water upward and phloem = carries nutrient solutions & sugar away from photosynthetic leaves.

• 3. Draw and label 10 parts of a flower.A=Ovule, B=Ovary, C=Style, D=Stigma, E=Pistil, F=Anther, G=Stamen, H=Filament, I=Sepal, J=Petal

• 4. What single-seeded drupe was the first fruit munched on the moon? The peach

Invertebrates

• 1. List four types of asexual reproduction.• 2. Describe three types of symmetry and

give an example of each.• 3. How are the two body forms of

cnidarians different? How are they the same?

• 4. What nationally-observed day in the U.S. marks winter's midpoint?

Invertebrates• 1. List four types of asexual reproduction. Spores,

Budding, Binary Fission, Vegetative Propagation, Regeneration

• 2. Describe three types of symmetry and give an example of each. Radial, Bilateral, & asymmetrical

• 3. How are the two body forms of cnidarians different? How are they the same? Polyp = mouth/tentacles up; Medusa = mouth/tentacles down. Both have two digestive tract. Ingest food in mouth, expel wastes out mouth.

• 4. What nationally-observed day in the U.S. marks winter's midpoint?

Groundhog Day

Vertebrates

• 1. Identify the 4 characteristics of all members of Phylum Chordata.

• 2. List the seven major classes of vertebrates.• 3. Label this fish diagram below with the

following terms:dorsalventralanteriorPosterior

• 4. What is the common name for the class Aves, which consists of over 8,500 living species?

Vertebrates• 1. Identify the 4 characteristics of all members of

Phylum Chordata.Notochord, nerve cord, gill slits, tail during some point in their life cycle.

• 2. List the seven major classes of vertebrates. Agnatha=Jawless, Chondrichthyes=Cartilage fishes, Osteichthyes=Bony fishes, Amphibia, Reptilia, Aves, Mammalia

• 3. Label this fish diagram below with the following terms:

dorsalventralanteriorPosterior

• 4. What is the common name for the class Aves, which consists of over 8,500 living species?

Birds

Systems

• 1. List the main functions of the circulatory system.

• 2. Summarize the circulation of blood through the human heart.

• 3. Name the organs and structures of the human digestive system in the order that food moves through them. Give a function for each part.

• 4. What can clear mucus from sinus passages faster than any other hot beverage, according to a 1978 Mount Sinai Medical Center study?

Systems• 1. List the main functions of the circulatory system.

An elaborate system for the transport of the nutrients, oxygen, and wastes that circulate throughout the body.

• 2. Summarize the circulation of blood through the human heart. In Rt. Atrium, To Rt. Ventricle, To Lungs. Back to Lt. Atrium, To Lt. Ventricle, Out Aorta, To Body

• 3. Name the organs and structures of the human digestive system in the order that food moves through them. Give a function for each part. Mouth/saliva; Pharynx & Esophagus/passageway; Stomach/mechanical, chemical digestion; small intestine/addition of pancreatic and live juices, breakdown compounds; large intestine/absorption of water, nutrients & vitamins; Rectum, Anus/excrete wastes.

• 4. What can clear mucus from sinus passages faster than any other hot beverage, according to a 1978 Mount Sinai Medical Center study?

Chicken soup

Tiebreaker Question #1

What's the most popular animal eaten before it's born and after it's dead?

Tiebreaker Question #1

What's the most

popular animal eaten

before it's born and

after it's dead?

A: The Chicken.

Bonus Question #2

• What do leukemia sufferers have too many of?

Bonus Question #2

• What do leukemia sufferers have too many of?

• A: White blood cells, or leukocytes.

THE END