@,n SYLLABUS

lbl^drtq Po rcrq

' elJy orrE pdL oi o ler lt) re!5oi

Rq'odufrtu, ir oD! olLli! thiLIdNMLqisricrliturA olt r LivinsoL$)i$rbl vhid q{yrr oIlivi,,goryN,irnm{lriplis ro lod N*hdtiduh oriLJ qo URL. {Lljloi,Ldrdr rphrtr drd i 'ud! ro rmdrft tr.w flNNs ir

, lhg . l . lwot }1)AorLf rcdud ioDin 'bL

SEXUAI REPRODUCTIONIN PLANTSF Nd ls.hr rptududirc {sro i', ruio3p{d'irI Nrs. lrr Dmk r.pft,ludrvt prrr oI fiL lloN(

'rhL Lmft qDi,Ldnr d+r' b dN .!nd

Gs !!llr) rlnt havr rused 'o8dhe.

qgu i f 'p lodrce, lb }o jLymePl rcd!dd..lltofsl)fugs|rodu.edbythnt}T!

lle r i{d n nhdkt b tu shod br h!!r orri! ro NLnd fi. trP oit. nd r soltrFd

rtun wl!h, ,he !.prr,

ihlr r! !r. r.f ik! n,dra rli( nx!t'Lbnr hlninM o'ithI o(rL rtriLo\h

ei lg i dh doFkd d/g trr j }nob jk

|r$!d ,\nd trni ndkD, r|t ovl1|€ L,..onj!r I

rt n I llrnnrdut.f rrDrd ro$( n:60rlri i ir€ r'd ['i,t.,lphdndiv. vth !. rf tri]!

inkfirvi rbixlnhlortsnilhndlr.,Mo{h!0s rt rrurr. h $me !ri\ *njurortL dr |dr n . [m. oi lqN.i. lll]{( I sdr

Icmh. sL'!h osLr f. iuln urLBunr, lnr

gnis iic rho' &rfd {wq on rh€ bodjer ot

bsrn lsDdaihwgdarrh(p ld

t\ ,nrLs dr od rd|)h( vhi.h Ltry yirn. th.sv.d !.!iLorLh.k ro*es i rrri.6.islrlrtulo{ru $rL d*l.r i\(h. ft. rdrn is

r]t ro .fdElldrr!ofrtrto{Lr10rcMhr, rtu is.r Lri Lo Nrh

it3 $rfilik! mo$rr|x* l8r dosr rro ir!l lowLr , \ ' i (do$$Po] |d lo t r ] l I , |o* r lNlu' I brurh.d on h r]l rserls hody. Trx.d rlr i rli.rolbiDdh$tiMr fld push$

do$ h0 ri soft oarr'L PolL$ or ih body

Po| l 'u !d |b | | |d {1

gnf fmn ' f t9 ! ! t rEbuodrhengmvi tyfuquinktrhN|t(Msl4B't!PloGl|li!

Llighdi.dloudsEbnov4&Porhaedby

h+c qwrtq d Pdkn sotr s l,'odred nrpdn.n [$ l+h l that ldd!o€d i | } 'h ]ory(

| t i ' 11 \ t l 4h l r f ud r

Ag€nts ol polllnollon

sRN qfred by b*ds s.r r\ F$4s rrri rr d *tky srlic shrr hrbs 'bLD b

smdLgI t r$th l t (hq@esl lyode

T

Txnr

$De or 'rr€ polo urL ni.L b d; ntcD. orhdher flolg of rh. sru! rtud. fte ;Ltsna

'{r

^ d. r npM. se+i r t LL l F ' r \ r '

| qg inP le .o ' . y {Gt } ' ! I {he {nqF\ t l0ra$ bd'q 'hi) hdh, k.trq F( ,he

lbbn r'ybid 8e.d! rh{ gtuw ib tu6 rh{

FERTII.ISATIONth( |rcll.i grir rbm& l4ud frun rh.6r4mi iid r nrcu(Di! fultu, []trr si{rKoudrEs t r nspdlor tub! g iors ddhM.d) tM i i J t ro I to \ l xs ' ] c . ( * l !G lindr l)ol. rt\, dnaryrr ni! 0. . Fndru F i ( r ' in! \ \ ,h drtrNr.s, i reo,

I i?, G iLtsd Ltrcokry s,oNs rll !.1& olj! kr h.tuR i rr, .'lh. ovullr I'rin, L|lc ola.y t,(o n. r$.d,,Ix r,. krit 30$ I'iggd, rtr fs[1, b{oN{Lr nkr sa r \ I i l lo i r1 | t r i r ' .oor iN$

!{hDttLldphllwnhdstldll!.hb]. 'r.i cProdd. $ft rhds ii. $kftd 4\tul$ rnd sotu Phtrr A rlNLs rh. NL

Dc hyb,id (!o, urrlr) f€& *! Prodktd

iF,. n!'e, n& ed soden d! rvntun \'L!id Fds xybtrds tr( Fodu;d i

fovqr of rcn, oqlor. dd, k-rrceo4d d5, orc plrrcbi ly hsd, cnd iorq irq b'rcu. rh9, frowdr 6moi i rh!

JiLl!nqi,'ooncsi ooDL]s !E J\;

aD q\i\ tl l i I u r ri!(se n dLihs 0r .i

Lb !5 t } 'e ] id { isn ivq ! i thd ] lJ lo l ,

DISPERSAI OF SEEDSI n pnrc$ 0f r*r irs d mrr€ ildr

Ditlurt it 5.!d5 isrrlro,r.trtr ri ${ls Nr dor Jifftd, ho

${' dr/ ldLtd rirN! rir tirhl wdll

dor Lfy d.,r lrior r,r I ris ,Lsd;r ddrttrtsd-1{f(,mi s,*iL^idrNtllru

Dspereol by exp osionssor fMs he Pd! whidr <dod. yrrei

, ini,ir5 r; _., i.

\ 'h l ). doP]3s ]!1r ti!n' thePirunL p|i]

n drru5 dfr !dhr8t(d oio lldhi\ or rurdti)irnxr nk sldm ud€d Nx! i,rd add irdda r r!'rta oriior

-l

35

ASE)(UAL REPRODUCTIONIN PI.ANTSc.e acrnr rnajortr] ereiafei qrodudioin Fl@rs fisbi. brldd4, laF4hdoq

arrdmridi .3., ri tMd€ rdiid.orryssrl m mri tvhor i hdd)r 316 ri$ ro

rhdi rlt ],Locs! k dLd ruxDt li$on No 'lt ts. or ,llon rr' r /,,10!qi,, /'10,

pranr Like Fd dft op 6ud tike our$onhs

6aNbIre0ga|k{ iono l lh . loJps(3Lv.si isftnhriotr n r|r

sl)oK rc iNll 0i.dlLlxr 6 i* tuiirtl[r trrtr] ro\rr plrtrb i'Llnrs lxhr$blrn dridx rh€r r! sur,,,r\ r8rn, Nsit)rlixpsslhrr,$ {Nwdri, rN lmdkldi', ud trtrnucr sBtr$ $d ddkh.d hrnrl! ljdo{ plr ul su $tri h iirlcrunLIids so'Ds rfor6 trrdrsc Lo rcd, di(vhd. rrqgd Nsuh roNi o$ oil| Iood.uokru ?ildwNNh),$ rrw LlIrgtuv i{onle iftlividur orsnLsrs FsfS srcriisbtrM

ltlrr= . . " ' .

,Tt",:xil'"ht1Dt r8 r t14 '

VEGETATIVE PROPAGATION

or I d ' {dr * r.sc. i!85. ruds co rhc

fi:;*"*

P4igdlon.v+eldxprcpagdu.d.l$

;-rrI i." . "

'*i g.-"r' p"ri'",j"" -dfeniLisdod. this 6rm or u$n rcPrcdudidn

nrmlrr, it sddly Fsulb ftuft rh. grcfrh d

soil tu{sJ of iud lnnlns a tn(r, rh. budFdu..r . .o'ipL.ts plxn( wi$ rcdr, $.m .trdhlvs who' th? olJ ndn di.i rh. ncw pl?rrts i .odd? or E Fi.nr shidl prodtrddir.,\}iii lrcm ft doh, oth$ vcsdtiv€ Pdli&rh 1. Lkv* rti dot {lso hdr ii v.sddr.

By dvldlng ihe c umpsson. dii* sniw in duq)s hsNlL rcv l isLLrc oi srovins for shoot{ d rl! sid6 or t '1scn i ll's. Pi,ii.Jr uc !tufigircJLrrur lu l \ n! t r t rg,nJ ! l i \ " l r rg 'kdumPPlr$$.hsknon srd& od' dildAfti. 'dd{y d gmwn h} diidlB th. dunP

rx'nhodg|)a1,hdd'r|dldP

b*r ot sbDi dd grc{ hohni:llY abn8 dc

$nta d thc grcond. ft6€ LiM.hs ha{

By lndergrolnd siemssoN dinr hovl tr usourd icms tlkhM. ,(olki dur ru don3. dl l0od ll'.I iruldnr bkN. Ll$yhlw bu&otr rl!' i T'$!budsM.utrd. lvdoD.d rl$ok itd.w ull)

Pbto i! m uidersrcund ! dlLd ruL.iob*de r pohbr you will sfr Nnl llcs o I ir.'rhs..y$ e ony btds. To srcv { i.w rohli

ddl)soilwd{I{8uhdrrAn$sn.d'it,ih€bMs frLlsow into brb) prot Isc ris 4.reG)l

bo *r s th€ iF dI so'ne bnn.hd s'd unds

I)are{Pld'sdglMhdfPdd.nil}Tuddt

Bulbononb$olh{ i }F€orudqruuod5h

*€nvlhftdyftshy$drk4s8'odngFoD

bud' srcw bb nsr d{ft tse 6s 4'5(dl

uBlssioutrd d prcdu( budi, ror .s,chd oru., olocaih sd lllrlor Itu r's 4 rs(d)1.

!,1'lj'.:'*

Tnn{li

P|ubllke8ry,'', ' l! '.b.kthtkddllesy

iN 416trrrdr,rruJlB,o 0[n !r*rtrjrd'

doFsgh | , ioowoddcodoyA idoGv d'f, lo! !i ob,tr€ rhor rev q@s

[$L ' ]q [ ,11 jc . rcdsank i ' i qequad lofrn;,l rd, srsr€ 0d or$!L Prd r up$re

odl3rcwfrcrtbtodN$re?rr$@bgs$

nrh{{ d sdiiktii rlk \l$rn{l l)lrN

$strts! lurlsl,rd,rrmi rnPionL N\rt oh'

ARTIFICIAL VEGETATIVEPROPAGATION

I ( ! r !6 ! {n4. r , , '4 r i r ! , r

{ i l td thy |q l rsn i |a@lPhLnmys!

abcgof t learE l 'F ls tsNi !grc l ' l s ' ' lhe

39

:, g.odn9

r-;i uL!,!i rsih i i! rr nn i([!dno.kf ! d r ! r .N ro v td j I , r , i lL iM r r

\r!!( l,tw \ irpilr

a.aLd r! r00r! dtt !i if8.Iri\r!\ d

il'.il

+

{

Aovonrages or vegeioive

n'!]loRD!ricunsDrthed$!P|dhik

tr r ale b sdr( irutu rioo tr rrr

F.r i,u dJ F f r. ruff {!w k@, /

r he Lfr htutu d !a r tui Joqt r&

nru n€w iu6 €nDte ofFrft {oi\n h

Dfference between oseruo ond

$d qqrr'ie Fn5 iie ffi qmll

seilo epoducnon n ponh

fdis rc m' 'dodcrb f,rei.

Fh{.s.oNili r l!'|)6dudlr. ors n dr $c pLinl

Irol?n8(i'NronrLrLL!rhlssr.dlioflr trd wLrdr rthsJ c irli ' rhl porcr

eGsdir0 ol).,brul($IrP0L|IDnnl r ' " ! "qnj rn, ' [nr hr i e t i r_Tc

,.,.-1..^tun,r.".. ' 'ra.r ' kr

e PolLindid b rlt tMft or l,ol en Iiirhs ironr lD rlhd ro ! sisrrr' ri t ol rto rvf$l

*lfroln!ftn .tus.|)ollidion.

ue hlbdds ' I ori{ b iry ot t[! qkriry ard

Prcdud v ry ol oLl[nFd Pllnar nri lkdbtr r I t Prc!{s r !hi.h Ih. mn€ 8aEd. rurs t h dt bntr s!nd' ro

. Insd6 lq , rcdud id . 'OLym!

- rh. hE rujdr n?$ or sdul c

1t 6. nlLc aq oBD d ! nordbs PLd?

o How ro sD! dus r !Ps,! Lhr, oh 5eij,

lfrrl :" a'l+'

rb) ̂ dr tn e n! Fulnr$ |

1.] ," ' - . - '^ .^ ' l l *dkl . l l

,1

i0 A ftr P@ftr 'h. ki 6nd€ n ui

{si HF sed5 do d Prcr4c aod q+x

(h) h bi&r i$i', i 63r. er dilrJs(i) eikh 6 I rcd qdr, ! ihi @ be por+rli b, QnDs mr

0 h! !4rrrh, h!! thi* d itlhr

o 6n4 rdij nnk b 6r h.(b) !o[ ] Jlrqfti or i iGDe

ch64 in! 6novi,3 dil,rc rri'i PrcJ

llc.r q,a

liru ur "tro '.".,[i,,,,,,,

lri) Pdrbino!(\,1 Rd 6niion

I

43

(i) noH

(^, qd(r) wtrr qf rhsc ; nd o P&r d liq q*11

(t onLr (i ) s/c(*) &isD! (i) adhd

G) wirch d di. .'lotus n !d 'r 4e! d lqtib*rr?lii) whd

(, ke (r ) Mi$id

1 i) Frovq ot vfti (i) Mldsqld(g) r! , ri d rh.{ i ronrtd i$ n f{ti diLi?

l0 o r tLi) lrtri( ! l sLsmr

0,) wh(, d Lr'! rdrLovhs fru L !i r((r) rds 1i0 ledrt tity(iLD (rmh 1i) cro r

(L) rvhth 0t rlr fillowi,* , ror r rlrtr1i) Br ddru (Li) r.yislssl

l, h Pdd.,3r4q rod orbtr, r{ti.r I( i ) Rod

1i!) rrui