Biology pgs. 267-269 Chapter 12 Section 2 Chromosomes and DNA
Replication
Slide 2
Objectives ____________________the events of DNA replication
_____________the DNA molecule to chromosome structure Summarize
Relate
Slide 3
In prokaryotic cells, DNA is located in
the____________________. Most prokaryotes have a single DNA
molecule containing nearly all of the cells genetic information.
cytoplasm
Slide 4
Chromosome Structure Eukaryotic chromosomes contain DNA and
protein, tightly packed together to form_________________.
Chromatin consists of DNA tightly coiled around proteins
called______________. chromatin histones
Slide 5
Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall DNA and Chromosomes Eukaryotic
Chromosome Structure Chromosome Supercoils Nucleosome DNA double
helix Histones Coils
Slide 6
DNA Replication Each strand of the DNA double helix has all the
information needed to reconstruct the other half by the mechanism
of_______________ base pairing.
Slide 7
The sites where separation and replication occur are called
replication forks. Before a cell divides, it duplicates its DNA in
a process called____________________. Replication ensures that each
resulting cell will have a complete set of DNA. replication
Slide 8
During DNA replication, the DNA molecule separates into two
strands, then produces two new complementary strands following the
rules of base pairing. Each strand of the double helix of DNA
serves as a ____________________for the new strand. template
Slide 9
Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall DNA Replication Nitrogen Bases
Replication Fork DNA Polymerase Replication Fork Original strand
New Strand Growth
Slide 10
How Replication Occurs DNA replication is carried out by
enzymes that _____________a molecule of DNA. Hydrogen bonds between
base pairs are broken and the two strands of DNA____________ unzip
unwind.
Slide 11
The principal enzyme involved in DNA replication is DNA
polymerase. DNA polymerase joins individual nucleotides to produce
a DNA molecule and then proofreads each new DNA strand.
