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Biology EOCT Practice QuestionsPart I

Milton High School

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Glucose is a simple sugar that is broken down for the release of energy during cellular respiration. The formula for glucose is C6H12O6. To which class of organic macromolecules does glucose belong?

A. CarbohydratesB. ProteinsC. LipidsD. Nucleic acids

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Glucose is a simple sugar that is broken down for the release of energy during cellular respiration. The formula for glucose is C6H12O6. To which class of organic macromolecules does glucose belong?

A. CarbohydratesB. ProteinsC. LipidsD. Nucleic acids

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The function of the mitochondria in cells is to

A.Produce energyB.Synthesize DNAC.Support ribosomesD.Modify proteins

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The function of the mitochondria in cells is to

A.Produce energyB.Synthesize DNAC.Support ribosomesD.Modify proteins

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ENERGY

The diagram shows a basic food chain in an ecosystem. The box on the far right demonstrates energy flow out of the ecosystem.

Which of the following is the most likely cause of energy leaving the ecosystem?

A. ImmigrationB. PhotosynthesisC. RespirationD. Competition

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ENERGY

The diagram shows a basic food chain in an ecosystem. The box on the far right demonstrates energy flow out of the ecosystem.

Which of the following is the most likely cause of energy leaving the ecosystem?

A. ImmigrationB. PhotosynthesisC. Cellular RespirationD. Competition

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Which types of organic molecules serve as the building blocks of living things and form when amino acids are joined by a peptide bond?

A. ProteinsB. Fatty acidsC. Nucleic acidsD. Carbohydrates

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Which types of organic molecules serve as the building blocks of living things and form when amino acids are joined by a peptide bond?

A. ProteinsB. Fatty acidsC. Nucleic acidsD. Carbohydrates

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In pea plants, the allele for green pods is (G) is dominant over the allele for yellow pods (g). If a pea plant has yellow pods, what is its genotype?

A. GGB. GgC. ggD. Gy

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In pea plants, the allele for green pods is (G) is dominant over the allele for yellow pods (g). If a pea plant has yellow pods, what is its genotype?

A. GGB. GgC. ggD. Gy

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Which of the following can cause a mutation?

I. Spontaneous error during replicationII. Ultraviolet radiationIII. Swimming in polluted water

A. I onlyB. II onlyC. I and II onlyD. I, II, and III

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Which of the following can cause a mutation?

I. Spontaneous error during replicationII. Ultraviolet radiationIII. Swimming in polluted water

A. I onlyB. II onlyC. I and II onlyD. I, II, and III

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Ticks obtain nourishment by feeding on the blood of mammals such as mice and squirrels. Although ticks do not kill the animal upon which they feed, they can weaken the animal. What type of relationship do a tick and the animal upon which it feeds illustrate?

A. MutualismB. CommensalismC. CompetitionD. Parasitism

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Ticks obtain nourishment by feeding on the blood of mammals such as mice and squirrels. Although ticks do not kill the animal upon which they feed, they can weaken the animal. What type of relationship do a tick and the animal upon which it feeds illustrate?

A. MutualismB. CommensalismC. CompetitionD. Parasitism

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Bromeliads are epiphytes that live attached the high branches of trees. Living high up in the trees provide the bromeliads better access to water and sunlight. The tree receives no benefit from the relationship and is not harmed. What type of ecosystem interaction do the bromeliads and the trees exhibit?

A. MutualismB. CommensalismC. CompetitionD. Parasitism

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Bromeliads are epiphytes that live attached the high branches of trees. Living high up in the trees provide the bromeliads better access to water and sunlight. The tree receives no benefit from the relationship and is not harmed. What type of ecosystem interaction do the bromeliads and the trees exhibit?

A. MutualismB. CommensalismC. CompetitionD. Parasitism

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A lichen is formed by a relationship between a fungus and a green alga. The fungus anchors the lichen and protects the alga from direct sunlight and extreme temperature fluctuations. The green alga performs photosynthesis, providing food for itself and the fungus. What type of symbiotic relationship does a lichen illustrate?

A. MutualismB. CommensalismC. CompetitionD. Predation

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A lichen is formed by a relationship between a fungus and a green alga. The fungus anchors the lichen and protects the alga from direct sunlight and extreme temperature fluctuations. The green alga performs photosynthesis, providing food for itself and the fungus. What type of symbiotic relationship does a lichen illustrate?

A. MutualismB. CommensalismC. CompetitionD. Predation

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Which cell component may be present in a eukaryotic cell, but not in a prokaryotic cell?

A. Cell wallB. Cell membraneC. NucleusD. Cytoplasm

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Which cell component may be present in a eukaryotic cell, but not in a prokaryotic cell?

A. Cell wallB. Cell membraneC. NucleusD. Cytoplasm

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Lice, fleas, ticks, and bedbugs are organisms that frequently obtain nutrition by living in and feeding on the tissues or fluids of other organisms. What name is given to the organisms that provide nourishment to lice, fleas, ticks, and bedbugs?

A. Parasite B. HostC. PredatorD. Producer

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Lice, fleas, ticks, and bedbugs are organisms that frequently obtain nutrition by living in and feeding on the tissues or fluids of other organisms. What name is given to the organisms that provide nourishment to lice, fleas, ticks, and bedbugs?

A. Parasite B. HostC. PredatorD. Producer

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Which form of reproduction gives organisms that live in a changing environment the advantage of greater variation?

A. Binary fissionB. Asexual reproductionC. BuddingD. Sexual reproduction

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Which form of reproduction gives organisms that live in a changing environment the advantage of greater variation?

A. Binary fissionB. Asexual reproductionC. BuddingD. Sexual reproduction

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Which of the following are reactants for cellular respiration and products of photosynthesis?

A. Carbon dioxide and waterB. Glucose and oxygenC. Glucose, water, and carbon dioxideD. Glucose, oxygen, and water

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Which of the following are reactants for cellular respiration and products of photosynthesis?

A. Carbon dioxide and waterB. Glucose and oxygenC. Glucose, water, and carbon dioxideD. Glucose, oxygen, and water

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Mr. Bleier is examining cells with a microscope. The cells he is viewing appear to come from a multi-cellular organism that has a nucleus, a cell membrane, a cell wall, and chloroplasts. From which of the following groups of organisms was the sample taken?

A. BacteriaB. PlantsC. AnimalsD. Protists

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Mr. Bleier is examining cells with a microscope. The cells he is viewing appear to come from a multi-cellular organism that has a nucleus, a cell membrane, a cell wall, and chloroplasts. From which of the following groups of organisms was the sample taken?

A. BacteriaB. PlantsC. AnimalsD. Protists

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The half-life of iodine-131 is 8 days. What fraction of a sample of iodine-131 will remain after 32 days?

A. One-halfB. One-fourthC. One-eighthD. One-sixteenth

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The half-life of iodine-131 is 8 days. What fraction of a sample of iodine-131 will remain after 32 days?

A. One-halfB. One-fourthC. One-eighthD. One-sixteenth

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Which process allows organisms with favorable genes an increased chance to survive and reproduce?

A. EndosymbiosisB. Genetic mutationC. ParthenogenesisD. Natural selection

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Which process allows organisms with favorable genes an increased chance to survive and reproduce?

A. EndosymbiosisB. Genetic mutationC. ParthenogenesisD. Natural selection

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Which of the following is a result of genetic engineering?

I. Bt corn which is resistant to the pest called the corn borer

II. Using recombinant DNA to create goats whose milk contains an enzyme found in human breast milk

III. Genetically altered bacteria which eat oil and can help clean up oil spills

A. I onlyB. I and II onlyC. II and III onlyD. I, II, and III

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Which of the following is a result of genetic engineering?

I. Bt corn which is resistant to the pest called the corn borer

II. Using recombinant DNA to create goats whose milk contains an enzyme found in human breast milk

III. Genetically altered bacteria which eat oil and can help clean up oil spills

A. I onlyB. I and II onlyC. II and III onlyD. I, II, and III

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Ben is mapping the organization of the environment while studying for an exam. Starting with the simplest level, in which order should Ben put the levels of the environment?

A. Biosphere, ecosystem, community, population, organismB. Organism, community, population, ecosystem, biosphereC. Organism, population, community, ecosystem, biosphereD. Population, organism, community, biosphere, ecosystem

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Ben is mapping the organization of the environment while studying for an exam. Starting with the simplest level, in which order should Ben put the levels of the environment?

A. Biosphere, ecosystem, community, population, organismB. Organism, community, population, ecosystem, biosphereC. Organism, population, community, ecosystem, biosphereD. Population, organism, community, biosphere, ecosystem

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Only 10% of the energy at any trophic level is available to the next trophic level. Based on this, if a population of wildabeast needs 5,000 J, then how much energy must be produced by the plants they feed on?

A. 5,000 JB. 500 JC. 5,500 JD. 50,000 J

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Only 10% of the energy at any trophic level is available to the next trophic level. Based on this, if a population of wildabeast needs 5,000 J, then how much energy must be produced by the plants they feed on?

A. 5,000 JB. 500 JC. 5,500 JD. 50,000 J

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Which of the following effects cannot be attributed to acid rain?

A. Damage to trees and a decline of forest communitiesB. An increase in carbon dioxide in Earth’s atmosphereC. Damage to historic buildings and monumentsD. Death of aquatic organisms in lakes and streams

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Which of the following effects cannot be attributed to acid rain?

A. Damage to trees and a decline of forest communitiesB. An increase in carbon dioxide in Earth’s atmosphereC. Damage to historic buildings and monumentsD. Death of aquatic organisms in lakes and streams

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After fires destroyed 793,000 acres of aspen and pine forest in Yellowstone National Park in the summer of 1988, biologists were able to study the long-term effects of fire on an ecosystem. The biologists found that the soil after fire was more fertile which allowed small plants and new pine trees to re-establish quickly in the park. What ecological process were the biologists observing?

A. BiodiversityB. EquilibriumC. SuccessionD. Food web energy flow

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After fires destroyed 793,000 acres of aspen and pine forest in Yellowstone National Park in the summer of 1988, biologists were able to study the long-term effects of fire on an ecosystem. The biologists found that the soil after fire was more fertile which allowed small plants and new pine trees to re-establish quickly in the park. What ecological process were the biologists observing?

A. BiodiversityB. EquilibriumC. SuccessionD. Food web energy flow

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This drawing shows a food web for an ecosystem.

Which of the following organisms is the primary producer for this food web?

A. Polar bearB. Arctic charC. CopepodD. Phytoplankton

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This drawing shows a food web for an ecosystem.

Which of the following organisms is the primary producer for this food web?

A. Polar bearB. Arctic charC. CopepodD. Phytoplankton

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Which of the following is an advantage of asexual reproduction in an environment that undergoes very few changes?

A. It requires two parentsB. It increases genetic diversityC. It results in offspring that are genetically

identicalD. It does not involve chromosomes

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Which of the following is an advantage of asexual reproduction in an environment that undergoes very few changes?

A. It requires two parentsB. It increases genetic diversityC. It results in offspring that are genetically

identicalD. It does not involve chromosomes

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Which of the following is one way that RNA is different from DNA?

A. RNA exists only in one structural formB. RNA is not twisted into a helixC. RNA contains adenine and phosphatesD. RNA contains thymine instead of uracil

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Which of the following is one way that RNA is different from DNA?

A. RNA exists only in one structural formB. RNA is not twisted into a helixC. RNA contains adenine and phosphatesD. RNA contains thymine instead of uracil

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How might the overuse of antibiotics lead to resistant strains of bacteria?

A. Antibiotics change the structure of bacteria, making them resistant.

B. Antibiotics introduce too many bacteria to a population at one time.

C. Antibiotics provide breeding ground in which bacteria flourish.

D. Antibiotics shift natural selection to favor existing resistant bacteria.

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How might the overuse of antibiotics lead to resistant strains of bacteria?

A. Antibiotics change the structure of bacteria, making them resistant.

B. Antibiotics introduce too many bacteria to a population at one time.

C. Antibiotics provide breeding ground in which bacteria flourish.

D. Antibiotics shift natural selection to favor existing resistant bacteria.

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Which of the following is a risk associated with genetic engineering?

I. Genetically engineered crops could harm beneficial insects

II. Genetically engineered crops could produce pesticide –resistant weeds.

III. Genetically engineered organisms can reduce genetic variation in wild species

A. I onlyB. II onlyC. I and II onlyD. I, II, and III

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Which of the following is a risk associated with genetic engineering?

I. Genetically engineered crops could harm beneficial insects

II. Genetically engineered crops could produce pesticide –resistant weeds.

III. Genetically engineered organisms can reduce genetic variation in wild species

A. I onlyB. II onlyC. I and II onlyD. I, II, and III

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Which of these is a common adaptation that helps desert plants conserve water?

A. Waxy coverings on leaves and stemsB. Large broad leavesC. Large stomata which remain open during the dayD. Very deep root systems

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Which of these is a common adaptation that helps desert plants conserve water?

A. Waxy coverings (cuticle) on leaves and stemsB. Large broad leavesC. Large stomata which remain open during the dayD. Very deep root systems

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Which of these is a biotic factor in the Amazon River ecosystem?

A. TemperatureB. SandC. FishD. nitrogen

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Which of these is a biotic factor in the Amazon River ecosystem?

A. TemperatureB. SandC. FishD. nitrogen

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After the volcanic eruption of Mount St. Helens, a climax community is established. What is the nature of this community?

A. It is the first community of plants to establish itself in the region

B. It is the stable community formed at the end of ecological succession

C. It is the community of organisms destroyed by the lava

D. It is a temporary community formed as the ecosystem recovers from the damage

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After the volcanic eruption of Mount St. Helens, a climax community is established. What is the nature of this community?

A. It is the first community of plants to establish itself in the region

B. It is the stable community formed at the end of ecological succession

C. It is the community of organisms destroyed by the lava

D. It is a temporary community formed as the ecosystem recovers from the damage

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Bacteria and fungi feed on a dead log. These organisms act as decomposers by breaking down the matter in the log and returning nutrients to the ecosystem. Which of the following describes the role of the bacteria and fungi in the environment?

A. ProducerB. HabitatC. NicheD. Biome

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Bacteria and fungi feed on a dead log. These organisms act as decomposers by breaking down the matter in the log and returning nutrients to the ecosystem. Which of the following describes the role of the bacteria and fungi in the environment?

A. ProducerB. HabitatC. NicheD. Biome

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A cladogram shows

A. Which kingdom is the most diverseB. How to name speciesC. Change over timeD. Evolutionary relationships

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A cladogram shows

A. Which kingdom is the most diverseB. How to name speciesC. Change over timeD. Evolutionary relationships