Biology 1b Evolution and Environment GCSE CORE Adaptations to life

Biology 1b Evolution and EnvironmentBiology 1b Evolution and EnvironmentGCSGCSEE

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Adaptations to Adaptations to lifelife


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Adaptations to life in the Adaptations to life in the classroomclassroom

Your new partners for the remainder of Biology 1 are as Your new partners for the remainder of Biology 1 are as follows. Please move as requested. These will change again follows. Please move as requested. These will change again for Chemistry 1 (after half term break)for Chemistry 1 (after half term break)


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Learning objectivesKQ: How can hair/fur help animals to survive in very cold

climates?

Know that• all living things have adaptations which help all living things have adaptations which help

them to survive. These are not just physical but them to survive. These are not just physical but can be behaviouralcan be behavioural

• There are dis/advantages to lots of body fatThere are dis/advantages to lots of body fat• animals adapted to cold environments are often animals adapted to cold environments are often

large, with a small SA:V ratio and thick insulating large, with a small SA:V ratio and thick insulating layers of fur and fat. layers of fur and fat.

• animals adapted to hot, dry environments often animals adapted to hot, dry environments often have a large SA:V, thin fur, little body fat and have a large SA:V, thin fur, little body fat and behaviour patterns that avoid the heat during behaviour patterns that avoid the heat during the day.the day.

• by changing their coat colour some organisms by changing their coat colour some organisms are always camouflagedare always camouflaged


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Adaptations • All organisms need food,water and nutrients to grow.

• Environments, such as rainforests and coral reefs, are very different.

• To grow well and produce offspring, an organism needs special featuresspecial features to survive in its habitat

• We call these characteristics adaptationsadaptations.

I know that all living things have adaptations which help them to surviveI know that all living things have adaptations which help them to survive

Surface Area:Volume is the ratio of how big an animal is compared to how much space they take up!

Why is this important? Why is this important?

The larger the animal The larger the animal the smaller its surface the smaller its surface area is when compared area is when compared

to its volume.to its volume.


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Task 1: Adaptations1. Divide the animals and plants into ‘hot’

and ‘cold’ environments.2. Identify some common adaptations that

each group have.


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If a If a penguinpenguin Stood in a boxStood in a box

The size of the box would be 5cm length, width, depthThe size of the box would be 5cm length, width, depth

What would be the surface area of such a box?What would be the surface area of such a box?

What would be the volume of the same box?What would be the volume of the same box?

What is the SA:V ratio for this penguin?What is the SA:V ratio for this penguin?

(5x5) x6 = 150

5x5x5 = 125

150:125 simplify 6:5


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•Often large, Often large, •Small SA:V ratio Small SA:V ratio •Thick insulating layers of Thick insulating layers of furfur•Small SA on earsSmall SA on ears•Thick layer of Thick layer of blubber also usedblubber also usedas a source of as a source of foodfood


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If a foxIf a foxStood in a boxStood in a box

The size of the box would be 1cm length, width, depthThe size of the box would be 1cm length, width, depth

What would be the surface area of such a box?What would be the surface area of such a box?

What would be the volume of the same box?What would be the volume of the same box?

What is the SA:V ratio for this penguin?What is the SA:V ratio for this penguin?

(1x1) x6 = 6

1x1x1 = 1

6:1


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•Have a large SA:V which helps them lose heat Have a large SA:V which helps them lose heat through their skin through their skin •Large and thin ears to help with larger SALarge and thin ears to help with larger SA•Little fur which is fine and silky so its easier Little fur which is fine and silky so its easier to lose heat to lose heat •Little body fat so its easier to lose body heatLittle body fat so its easier to lose body heat•behaviour patterns that avoid the heat during behaviour patterns that avoid the heat during the day and are more active in cooler times of the day and are more active in cooler times of the daythe day•Obtain the water they need from their foodObtain the water they need from their food


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By changing their coat By changing their coat colour some organisms are colour some organisms are always camouflaged.always camouflaged.


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You have You have 3 mins planning time3 mins planning time2 mins gathering time2 mins gathering time5 mins making time5 mins making time

Then you and your partner will Then you and your partner will have an animal that you will have an animal that you will need to explain an adaptation need to explain an adaptation it has and to which it has and to which environment (cold or hot)environment (cold or hot)


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You and your partner haveYou and your partner have

30secs30secs

to explain where to explain where your your animal lives and animal lives and what what its adaptation isits adaptation is


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Learning objectivesKQ: How can hair/fur help animals to survive in very cold

climates?

Know that• all living things have adaptations which help all living things have adaptations which help

them to survive them to survive • There are advantages and disadvantages to lots There are advantages and disadvantages to lots

of body fatof body fat• animals adapted to cold environments are often animals adapted to cold environments are often

large, with a small SA:V ratio and thick insulating large, with a small SA:V ratio and thick insulating layers of fur and fat. layers of fur and fat.

• animals adapted to hot, dry environments often animals adapted to hot, dry environments often have a large SA:V, thin fur, little body fat and have a large SA:V, thin fur, little body fat and behaviour patterns that avoid the heat during behaviour patterns that avoid the heat during the day.the day.

• by changing their coat colour some organisms by changing their coat colour some organisms are always camouflagedare always camouflaged


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Animal adaptations in the Desert

• Lizards are adapted to the desert…..• Their special features are …


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Adaptations to the Ocean

• Killer whales are adapted to the ocean…..• Their special features are …


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Adaptations to the Ocean

• Fish are adapted to the ocean…..• Their special features are …


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Adaptations in a woodland

• Which types of animals live I the woodland?• What features would they need to survive?


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Task 4: Plant adaptations in the Desert

• Plants like cacti have adaptations such as very deep or wide root systems to collect as much water as possible.

• Plants that live in dry areas also need adaptations to reduce the amount of water they lose

• They lose water through tiny holes (stomata) in their leaves when they make food by photosynthesis.

• Draw a diagram and illustrate with words how plants are adapted to different environments


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Summary task

• Past exam question – what have you learnt????

• plants lose water by evaporation through leaves.plants lose water by evaporation through leaves.• plants in dry areas have reduced surface area on their leaves and/or plants in dry areas have reduced surface area on their leaves and/or

water storage tissues.water storage tissues.

KQ: How do plants store water to adapt to hot conditions?


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Learning objectives

• State materials organisms need from their surroundings to survive

• Describe adaptations of some organisms to their environment

• Explain how plants can survive in areas of limited water

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Biology 1b Evolution and Environment GCSE CORE Adaptations to life