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BIOLOGY 12
Cell Structure and Function Review
Section 7-2
Figure 7-5 Plant and Animal Cells
Go to Section:
Animal Cell
Nucleus
Nucleolus
Cell Membrane
Cytoplasm
Eukaryotic Cell Organelles and Function
1. Nucleus nickname: “The Control Center” function: holds the DNA includes:
nucleolus: dark spot in the middle of the nucleus that helps make ribosomes
Section 7-2
Figure 7-5 Plant and Animal Cells
Go to Section:
Animal Cell
Nucleus
Nucleolus Ribosomes
Cell Membrane
Cytoplasm
Eukaryotic Cell Organelles and Function
2. Ribosomes function: makes proteins found in all cells, prokaryotic and eukaryotic
Section 7-2
Figure 7-5 Plant and Animal Cells
Go to Section:
Animal Cell
Nucleus
Nucleolus
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
Cell Membrane
Cytoplasm
Ribosomes
Eukaryotic Cell Organelles and Function
3. Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) nickname: “Roads” function: the internal delivery system of the
cell
Endoplasmic Reticulum 2 types:
1. rough ER: rough appearance because it has
ribosomes function: helps make proteins, that’s why it
has ribosomes
Endoplasmic Reticulum cont.
2. Smooth ER:huge surface area for chemical reactions to take place
can have different functions depending on the cell type NO ribosomes function: makes fats or lipids
examples: synthesis of lipids metabolism of carbohydrates detoxification of drugs / poisons
Section 7-2
Figure 7-5 Plant and Animal Cells
Go to Section:
Animal Cell
Nucleus
Nucleolus
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
Ribosomes
Golgi Complex
Cell Membrane
Cytoplasm
Eukaryotic Cell Organelles and Function
4. Golgi Complex nickname: “The Shippers” function: packages, modifies, and transports
materials to different location inside/outside of the cell
appearance: stack of pancakes
Eukaryotic Cell Organelles and Function
5. Lysosomes: circular, membrane enclosed sacs of digestive enzymes
these enzymes can digest lipids, proteins, complex carbohydrates and nucleic acids
nickname: “Clean-up Crews” function: to break down food into particles the rest of
the cell can use and to destroy old cells.
-digest old cell parts
-intracellular digestion ex: WBC’s
Section 7-2
Figure 7-5 Plant and Animal CellsAnimal Cell
Nucleus
Nucleolus
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
Ribosomes
Golgi Bodies
Mitochondria
Cell Membrane
Cytoplasm
Eukaryotic Cell Organelles and Function
6. Mitochondria
site of cellular respiration converts chemical energy into ATP (usable energy)
double membrane organelle, contains own DNA and ribosomes
nickname: “The Powerhouse” function: energy formation
breaks down food to make ATP ATP: is the major fuel for all cell activities that
require energy
Animal Cell
Nucleus
Nucleolus
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
Ribosomes
Golgi Bodies
Mitochondria
Cell Membrane
Cytoplasm
Section 7-2
Figure 7-5 Plant and Animal Cells
Go to Section:
Plant Cell
Cell Membrane
Vacuole
Eukaryotic Cell Organelles and Function
7. Vacuoles function: stores water
this is what makes lettuce crisp when there is no water, the plant wilts
Section 7-2
Figure 7-5 Plant and Animal Cells
Go to Section:
Plant Cell
Cell Membrane
Vacuole
Chloroplasts
Eukaryotic Cell Organelles and Function
8. Chloroplasts
site of photosynthesis converts solar energy into chemical energy
double membrane organelle, contains own DNA and ribosomes.
function: traps energy from the sun to produce food for the plant cell
green in color because of chlorophyll, which is a green pigment
chloroplasts
Section 7-2
Figure 7-5 Plant and Animal Cells
Go to Section:
Plant Cell
Cell Membrane
Vacuole
Chloroplasts
Cell Wall
Eukaryotic Cell Organelles and Function
9. Cell Wall function: provides support and protection to
the cell membrane found outside the cell membrane in plant
cells
Plant Cell
Cell Membrane
Vacuole
Chloroplasts
Cell Wall
Nucleolus
Nucleus
Rough ER
Smooth ER
Golgi Bodies
Mitochondria
Ribosomes
Cytoplasm
Mitochondria & ChloroplastWorking Together
http://www.teachersdomain.org/asset/lsps07_int_cellenergy/
Comparing Plant and Animal CellsPlant Animal
