Biological Molecules CIE Kajana

8/10/2019 Biological Molecules CIE Kajana

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Test 1Cambridge AS Level Biology

Biological Molecules

1. The diagram shows a reaction resulting in the formation of a bond between two molecul

Which bond is formed and what is the type of reaction?

2. What is the general formula for a monosaccharide?A C(H2O)n B (CH2O)n C C2(H2O)n D Cn(H2O)

3. Four sugar colour of the solutions after testing.

What is the best interpretation of the results?


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4. Which molecule is found in glycogen?

5. The diagram shows a molecule which is an important component of living organisms.

A forensic sample is tested for the presence of a polymer of this molecule.Which polymer is tested for?A DNA B lipid C protein D starch

6. How many fatty acid residues are normally present in a phospholipid molecule?A 1 B 2 C 3 D 4

7. What is the theoretical number of chemically different dipeptides that may be assembledfrom 12 different types of amino acids?

A 24 B 72 C 144 D 400

8. What are the features of triglycerides?


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9. Which polysaccharides are branched and which are unbranched?

10. The diagram shows a molecule.Which arrow labels a peptide bond?

Which bonds are the last to break when an enzyme is heated?A disulphide B hydrogen C hydrophobic interactions D ionic

11. How many haem groups are there in one molecule of human haemoglobin?A 1 B 2 C 3 D 4

12. Which substance contains carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen?A collagen B glycogen C amylopectin D triglyceride

13. Which levels of protein structure are demonstrated by a haemoglobin molecule?


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14. The diagram shows two molecules of glucose. Four possible bonding positions are labelledp, q, r, and s, and t, u, v, w.

When these two molecules condense to form glycogen, where could bonds form?A p - u or pv B p - u or q - wC p - v or qw D p - w or v - w

15. The diagram shows a molecule.

Which test on a polymer of this molecule would give a positive result?A adding biuret solution B adding iodine in potassium iodide solution

C heating with

D shaking with ethanol then pouring into water

16. Which property of water minimises temperature changes in cells and organisms?A cohesion B heat of vaporisation

C maximum density at 4oC D specific heat capacity

17. The graph shows the effect of pH on the structure of a protein which consists entirely ofrepeating residues of one amino acid.

Which statement is true?A At pH2 the protein has lost its secondary structure.B At pH2 the protein has lost its tertiary structure.C At pH10 the protein has lost its primary structure.D At pH10 the protein has lost its secondary structure..


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18. Which types of bonds hold the tertiary structure of a protein molecule?

19. Which type of reaction takes place when starch molecules are converted into reducingsugars?

A condensation B hydrolysis C polymerization D synthesis

20.A solution of starch is mixed with a solution of amylase.Which reagent should be used to confirm that a reaction had taken place and what would be theappearance of the mixture when the reaction was complete?

21. The diagrams show different types of bond found in polysaccharides.

Which type or types of bond are found in amylose?A 1 onlyB 2 onlyC 1 and 3 onlyD 2 and 3 only


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22.At which levels of protein structure do hydrophobic interactions occur?A primary, secondary and tertiary B primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternaryC tertiary and quaternary D quaternary only

23. The diagram shows a dipeptide.

Which bond is the peptide bond?

24. The movement of water through the vascular tissue in plants relies on which property ofwater?

A changes in density with temperatureB good solvent for ions and polar moleculesC high specific heat capacityD strong cohesive forces between molecules

25. This molecule is a polymer of reducing sugars.

Which of the following procedures could be carried out in order to test for the presence of thereducing sugars in this molecule?

2 dissolve in water, neutralise and

A 1 and 2 B 1 and 4 C 1, 2 and 4 D 1, 2, 3 and 4


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26. Which correctly matches the functional and structural features of cellulose, collagen,glycogen and triglyceride?

27. Which describes the structure of amylopectin?

A a branched chain with 1,2 and 1,4 glycosidic bondsB a branched chain with 1,4 and 1,6 glycosidic bondsC an unbranched chain with only 1,4 glycosidic bondsD an unbranched chain with 1,4 and 1,6 glycosidic bonds

28. Which molecule is found in lipids?


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29. High concentrations of urea break all bonds, except covalent bonds, in protein molecules.Which level of protein structure would remain unchanged when a protein is treated with urea?

A primary B secondary C tertiary D quaternary

30. Which bonds are the last to break when an enzyme is heated?A disulphide B hydrogen C hydrophobic interactions D ionic

31. During the production of apple juice, enzymes are used to break down the components of

the cell walls. Which carbohydrate will be produced by this hydrolysis?A amylase B cellulose Cglucose Dglucose

32. biuret solution and ethanol. After ethanol. Which molecules do the samples contain?

A W, X and Z B W, Y and Z C W, X and Y D X, Y and Z

33. How is the shape of a polypeptide chain maintained when it is coiled into an helix?

A disulphide bonds B hydrogen bonds C hydrophobic interactions D ionic bonds

34. The diagram shows an1 : 4 glycosidic bond.

Which molecules contain this bond?A amylose and celluloseB amylose but not celluloseC cellulose but not amyloseD neither amylose nor cellulose


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35. Which combination describes a triglyceride?

36. What will break an ionic bond between amino acids?A condensation B hydrolysis C low temperature D pH change

37. When hydrolysed, which molecules have products containing a carboxyl group?1 phospholipids2 polysaccharides3 proteins

A 1 and 2 B 1 and 3 C 2 and 3 D 3 only

38. Which types of bonds maintain the tertiary structure of a protein molecule?

39. What is the general formula for starch?

A (C5H10O5)n B (C5H10O6)n C (C6H10O5)n D (C6H12O6)n

40. The hexose sugar molecule in the diagram has its six carbon atoms numbered.

Which carbon atoms join by glycosidic bonds to form amylose and amylopectin?


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41. Which statement about triglycerides is correct?A They are made up of three fatty acids combined with glycogen.B They are more saturated with hydrogen compared with phospholipids.C They form a bilayer in the membranes of cells.D They have a lower ratio of oxygen to carbon compared with carbohydrates.

42. When a peptide bond is formed, which statement is correct?A One amino acid loses a hydroxyl group from its amine group.

B One amino acid loses a hydroxyl group from its carboxyl group.C Both amino acids lose a hydrogen atom from their amine group.D Both amino acids lose a hydrogen atom from their carboxyl group.

43.

A bluebrownredgreenyellow

B bluegreenyellow brownred

C blueredgreenyellowbrown

D blue

yellow

brown

red

green

44.Lactose is a disaccharide present in the milk of mammals.How will a baby mammal benefit from having this sugar, instead of a monosaccharide, in the

milk?A Condensation of disaccharides enables rapid production of glycogen.B Disaccharides can be transported across membranes for more rapid absorption.C Disaccharides have a higher energy value than triglycerides.D Hydrolysis of the glycosidic bond gives a gradual release of monosaccharide.

45.Urea is a reagent which disrupts all bonds except covalent bonds in protein molecules.Which level of protein structure would remain intact when a protein is treated with urea?A primary B secondary C tertiary D quaternary

46.Which feature distinguishes starch from glycogen?A Starch contains alpha glucose. B Starch contains 1,6 glycosidic bonds.C Starch has an unbranched component. D Starch is a polysaccharide.

47.What is the function of iron in the haemoglobin molecule?A It binds oxygen to the haemoglobin molecule.B It makes the haemoglobin more soluble in the red blood cell.C It stabilises the quaternary structure of the protein.D It undergoes reversible oxidation and reduction.

48.The diagram shows a molecule.Which type of molecule is it?

A phospholipidB triglycerideC tripeptideD trisaccharide


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49.The equation shows a reversible reaction.

In this reaction, on which molecule or molecules do active sites occur and what types of reactionoccur at 1 and 2?

50.The diagram shows part of a macromolecule in the form of triple helices, lying side by sidewith covalent cross links between them.

What is the name of the molecule?A cellulose B collagen C glycogen D triglyceride

51.Solutions of four food substances are tested for sugars. The table shows the colours of thesolutions after testing. Which food is a non-reducing sugar?

52. Food tests are carried out on four solutions.Which solution contains only sucrose and protein?


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53. During the production of apple juice, enzymes are used to break down the components ofthe cell walls.

Which carbohydrate will be produced by this hydrolysis?A amylase B cellulose C glucose D glycogen

54. What are the features of glycogen?

55. What is the name of the bond joining glycerol and a fatty acid in the formation of amonoglyceride?A ester B glycosidic C hydrogen D peptide

56. Certain insects are able to stand on the surface of ponds.Which property of water allows them to do this?A adhesion with other molecules B cohesion between water molecules

C low viscosity D maximum density at 4oC

57. Which term describes the type of bonding responsible for stabilising the secondary structureof a protein?

A disulphide B hydrogen C hydrophobic D ionic

58. How many different polypeptides, each consisting of r amino acids, can be made if the

number of different amino acids available is n?

59. Which molecule in the key is sucrose?

60. Bonds are formed by condensation in cellulose, sucrose and haemoglobin.What are the names of these bonds?


62. Diagrams 1, 2 and 3 show the structural formulae of three polysaccharides.

What are the names of these polysaccharides?


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63. The diagram shows part of a polymer.

60. Bonds are formed by condensation in cellulose, sucrose and haemoglobin.What are the names of these bonds?


62. Diagrams 1, 2 and 3 show the structural formulae of three polysaccharides.

What are the names of these polysaccharides?


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70. When solutions of dilute sodium hydroxide and copper(II) sulphate (biuret test) were addedto an unknown substance, a purple colour was observed.

This test indicates the presence of which bond in the unknown substance?A disulphide B hydrogen C ionic D peptide

71. Which of the following is a polysaccharide present in human muscle?

A amylase B collagen C glycogen D haemoglobin

72.An investigation was carried out into the effect of various chemicals on the permeability ofthe plasma membrane and tonoplast of beetroot cells. Beetroot cell vacuoles contain a redpigment, which cannot pass out of the cells because it cannot diffuse through theirtonoplasts and plasma membranes. 1 cm3cubes were cut from beetroot and washed inrunning water for twenty minutes to remove any pigment released from damaged cells. Theywere then placed in different solutions and the results observed. In each case the solutionturned red. What shows the correct behaviour of phospholipids and proteins in differentsolutions?

73. The diagram shows a phospholipid molecule.

What are X, Y and Z?

74. The diagrams show four different molecules.


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Biological Molecules CIE Kajana