Biological EvolutionBiological EvolutionSWBAT differentiate between evolution, the SWBAT differentiate between evolution, the theory of evolution, and biological evolution; theory of evolution, and biological evolution; describe the theory of inheritance of acquired describe the theory of inheritance of acquired characteristics and present arguments against characteristics and present arguments against it; list several examples that refute the theory it; list several examples that refute the theory

of inheritance of acquired characteristics; of inheritance of acquired characteristics; describe the theory of natural selection as describe the theory of natural selection as

presented by Darwin and present arguments presented by Darwin and present arguments against it; describe the mutation theory of against it; describe the mutation theory of

evolution and present arguments against it; evolution and present arguments against it; describe the mutation-selection theory of describe the mutation-selection theory of

evolution and present arguments against itevolution and present arguments against it

Biological EvolutionBiological Evolution

Theory of EvolutionTheory of Evolution– Random changes throughout history Random changes throughout history

have changed the universe (or the have changed the universe (or the creatures within it)creatures within it)

Biological evolution (aka organic Biological evolution (aka organic evolution)evolution)– The change of one kind of organism into The change of one kind of organism into

another kind of organismanother kind of organism

Biological EvolutionBiological Evolution

Why is biological evolution only Why is biological evolution only guesswork?guesswork?– There is no observation of the changesThere is no observation of the changes– Science deals with observables, so it Science deals with observables, so it

cannot prove any evolutioncannot prove any evolution– No missing link has been foundNo missing link has been found

How Biological Evolution How Biological Evolution Supposedly Took PlaceSupposedly Took Place

Lamarck’s TheoryLamarck’s Theory Inheritance of Acquired TraitsInheritance of Acquired Traits

– Characteristics were acquired due to the Characteristics were acquired due to the organism’s environment. The loss of a organism’s environment. The loss of a feature can also happen due to disease feature can also happen due to disease or lack of use. These acquired traits or lack of use. These acquired traits would then be passed on to offspringwould then be passed on to offspring

Stretching for an ExplanationStretching for an Explanation

How does the information in this facet How does the information in this facet disprove Lamarck’s theory?disprove Lamarck’s theory?– August Weismann chopped off mice tails, but August Weismann chopped off mice tails, but

the offspring still had tails. the offspring still had tails. – When humans cut dogs ears or tails their When humans cut dogs ears or tails their

offspring still have long ears and tails. offspring still have long ears and tails. – Giraffes necks have not de-stretched even Giraffes necks have not de-stretched even

though they no longer need to eat off high though they no longer need to eat off high trees.trees.

– In the Padaung tribe, each woman needs to In the Padaung tribe, each woman needs to stretch her neck, it’s not passed down.stretch her neck, it’s not passed down.

How Biological Evolution How Biological Evolution Supposedly Took PlaceSupposedly Took Place

Charles DarwinCharles Darwin Natural SelectionNatural Selection

– In every species there are more young In every species there are more young produced than can be supported (some have to produced than can be supported (some have to die)die)

– Individuals will compete for necessities of Individuals will compete for necessities of survival (water, food, shelter)survival (water, food, shelter)

– There are some individuals that compete more There are some individuals that compete more effectivelyeffectively

– Individuals with traits that help them win will Individuals with traits that help them win will survive and reproduce (survival of the fittest)survive and reproduce (survival of the fittest)

– Those individuals will pass on their traits Those individuals will pass on their traits creating organisms best suited to survive.creating organisms best suited to survive.

Natural Selection at WorkNatural Selection at Work

Why is the changing of color in the Why is the changing of color in the pepper moths not biological pepper moths not biological evolution?evolution?– The color change was not due to a The color change was not due to a

newly created gene. The gene existed newly created gene. The gene existed before, but was rarely passed on before, but was rarely passed on because the moth’s died quickly.because the moth’s died quickly.

How Biological Evolution How Biological Evolution Supposedly Took PlaceSupposedly Took Place

Hugo De VriesHugo De Vries Evolution by MutationEvolution by Mutation

– Only mutations can produce the Only mutations can produce the necessary genetic changes for biological necessary genetic changes for biological evolution.evolution.

– Mutations create new genes that are Mutations create new genes that are passed on.passed on.

Modern Evolutionary TheoryModern Evolutionary Theory

What is the mutation selection What is the mutation selection theory?theory?– Neo-Darwinism – combination of Darwin Neo-Darwinism – combination of Darwin

and De Vries theoriesand De Vries theories– Mutations supply new traitsMutations supply new traits– Organisms produce more offspring than Organisms produce more offspring than

can survivecan survive– Selection allows only those with the best Selection allows only those with the best

traits to survivetraits to survive