BIOL 3300 Vertebrate Zoology: Ectotherms -

Herpetology

http://www.amphibian.com.au/

How do they work?• Q10

• How are Heat, H2O and metabolism linked?

How is H2O gained/lost?

• Observe Agalychnis annae in the vivarium…

How are these animals gaining/losing water?

What behaviors or adaptations are they exhibiting to influence rates?

How is H2O gained/lost?

What are the 3 sources of H2O?

• Liquid =

• Preformed (Molecular) =

• Metabolic =

Methods for obtaining H2O?

• Thorny Devil (Moloch horridus)

http://cmuarch2013.wordpress.com/2009/02/04/tom-wiscombe-lecture-notes/

http://digimorph.org/specimens/moloch_horridus/whole/

Methods for obtaining H2O?

• Peringuey’s viper (Bitis peringueyi)

http://www.lonelyplanetimages.com/search/125101?keywords=crawl

http://www.flickr.com/photos/hamschtr/3959581417/

Methods for obtaining H2O?

• Desert Tortoise (Gopherus agassizii)

http://www.rightpet.com/ReptileDetail/desert-tortoise

http://www.basinandrangewatch.org/TortoiseTranslocation.html

Methods for obtaining H2O?

• Great Basin Spadefoot (Spea intemontana)

Bladder bingers

Urine = Plasma =

Urine = Plasma =

Fresh H2O Flux!• Amphibian plasma

• Fresh H2O

What is the consequence of this on water volume?

What about salt content?

Salt H2O Sucks!

• <100 species of amphibians can tolerate salt water (sea H2O >

• Amphibian can elevate plasma and muscle osmolality to ~

How?

http://kidstvmovies.about.com/od/oceans/ig/Oceans-Photo-Gallery/Marine-Iguana.htm

Amblyrhynchus cristatus

How about marine iguanas?

Molecular (preformed) H2O!

What is the H2O content of herpetofauna food?

•

Molecular (preformed) H2O!

What is the H2O content of herpetofauna food?

•

Sauromalus obesus

Metabolic H2O!

What is the chemical (metabolic) quantity of H2O of herpetofauna food?

• 1g starch = • 1g fat = • 1g protein =

http://www.biolib.cz/en/taxonimage/id24436/?taxonid=177

How is H2O lost?

Minimizing H2O loss!

•

Phyllomedusa sauvagii

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ce8a5bFQexA&feature=fvw

Life in Cold Blood27 minutes 1st episode

Minimizing H2O loss!

http://www.abc.net.au/wa/stories/s1656813.htm

Neobatrachus sp.

•

Minimizing H2O loss!• • • 2 NH3 +2 ATP -> CH4ON2

• C5H4O3N4

•

Cloaca

How is Salt lost?

How is H2O maintained?• Short-term water balance

•

• Ex. Canopy frogsZetek’s Bromeliad Frog (Isthmohyla zeteki)

How is H2O maintained?• Long-term water balance

How is H2O maintained?• Long-term water balance