Bioenergy Assessment for Project Implementation in CARICOM and the Dominican RepublicKay Schaubach

ISLAND ENERGY TRANSITIONS: PATHWAYS FOR ACCELERATED UPTAKE OF RENEWABLESMartinique, June 22-24, 2015

REETA - Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency Technical Assistance

2

Assessment of bioenergy resource potentials,

framework conditions, technology options and

development of bioenergy investment projects

in the Caribbean

Why energy from biomass?Indicated motivations in the Caribbean

• High prices for fossil fuels – rising indebtedness, infringed competitiveness

• Landfill capacities and pollution (gas, leachate)

• Odour mitigation – coupling of housing and agricultural areas

• Pollution of the environment by dumps, polluted waterways and coastal areas

• Enhancing internal markets

• New perspective for farmers (also energy crops alongside residues)

• Flexible power source for residual load

3

Bioenergy value chains and technology options

4Source: DBFZ

Biomass potentials in CARICOM and Dominican Republic

5

TOP 5 of agricultural products from statistics

LHVMJ/kg no data

-

1. 15,0

2. 15,0

3. 15,0

4. 15,0

5. 15,0

15,0

Remark: In case of no available data for energy content the assumption was set to 15 MJ/kg.

174,08225.550

42.368

2.608

26.065

357.690

Plantains

RANK MAIN PRODUCT

Papayas

Bananas

Rice, paddy

Sugar cane

AREA

ha

Total 3.027.647

ENERGYPJ

113,19

7,74

12,23

15,87

347,86

24,75

t

PRODUCTION

7.546.092

23.190.386

515.817

815.499

1.057.704

1.650.126

11.605.149

Others 2.373.367

1.

1.2.

2.

3.

3.

4.

4.

5.

5.Others

Others

0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%

100%

Residues related to the TOP 5 of agricultural products

LHV

MJ/kgSugar cane Bagasse 17,5

Rice, paddy Rice straw 10,2

Rice, paddy Rice husks 14,3 no dataBananas no data no data

Papayas no data no data

Plantains no data no data

5,43

no data

3.481.545

no data

no data

0,3

0,447

0,23

no data

no data

no data

737.606 7,52

379.529

no data

no data no data

60,93

ENERGYPJ

RELATED RESIDUE

MAIN PRODUCT tCROP-

RESIDUE-FACTOR

Bagasse

76%

Rice straw16%

Rice husks

8%no

data0%

no data0%

no data0%0%0%0%0%

tons

TOP 5 of animal manure

1.

2. no data

3.

4.

5. no data

2,8

no data

0,0125

14,8

in 1,000 in 1.000

7.944Total -

RANKLUHEADS

LIVESTOCK

275.269

388

602

1056

935

4912

0,439

Goats

Pigs

Horses

2585

2007

850

263965Chickens

Cattle 4912

2,469

no data

-

48,792

55,072

0,671

1,155

no data

PJ

3,812

no data

tmanure/Head

no data

5 619 270

no data

3 299 556

72 699 679

81 618 505

tmanure

LHV

PJ/t

Calculation

no data

1.

1.

2.

2.

3.

3.

4.

4.

5.

5.

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

HEADS

LU

Availability of data

„Sigh“One of the answers given when asking for

data.

6

Legal framework conditions

Electricity offtake

i. Accessing the electricity distribution grid

ii. The setting of Feed-in Tariffs (FIT’s)

iii. Obtaining Power Purchase Agreements (PPA’s)

Biomass supply chains

iv. Waste management and waste management practices

v. Accessing agricultural, industrial, municipal and sewage organic waste streams

vi. Using organic fertiliser and ash in agriculture

Enabling Environment

vii. (i) Governmental support for the bioenergy industry

viii. (ii) Access to land and the ease of obtaining outline planning permission

ix. (iii) The ease of doing business7

Electricity Offtake: 1. Grid Access 2. FIT’s 3. PPA’s

Biomass Supply Chain: 1. Organic waste streams 2. Use of organic fertiliser 3. Waste management practices

Enabling Environment: 1. Support for Bioenergy Industry 2. Building Permission

III

I

II

IV V

VI

VII

Barbados

Belize

Dominica

Guyana

Haiti Jamaica

Suriname

Montserrat

St Kitts & Nevis

St Lucia

Grenada

St Vincent & Grenadines

Dominican Republic

Trinidad &

Bahamas

Antigua & Barbuda

Electricity Offtake: 1. Grid Access 2. FIT’s 3. PPA’s

Biomass Supply Chain: 1. Organic waste streams 2. Use of organic fertiliser 3. Waste management practices

Enabling Environment: 1. Support for Bioenergy Industry 2. Building Permission

III

I

II

IV V

VI

VII

Barbados

Belize

Dominica

Guyana

Haiti Jamaica

Suriname

Montserrat

St Kitts & Nevis

St Lucia

Grenada

St Vincent & Grenadines

Dominican Republic

Trinidad &

Bahamas

Antigua & Barbuda

Countries with most beneficial legal frameworks

1. Favourable condition for electricity offtake, biomass supply chains and enabling environment:

◦ Jamaica, Belize and Barbados

2. Favourable condition for electricity offtake and biomass supply chains:

◦ Dominican Republic, Guyana & Grenada

3. Favourable condition for biomass supply chains and enabling environment:

◦ Antigua & Barbuda, Bahamas, Dominica, St. Lucia and St. Vincent & the

Grenadines

8

Main legal obstacles

• Energy sometimes not anchored in a specific ministry – unclear responsibilities and resources

• Utilities are not positioned for Independent Power Producers (IPPs) with Power Purchase Agreements (PPP)

• No explicit regulation for electricity from biomass

• Little or no environmental regulation resp. enforcement

9

?§?

Project Concepts in elaboration

1. Biogas plant for Barnwell Farms, Barbados

2. Biomethane plant for Armag Farms, Barbados

3. Biogas from water plants for GSWMA, Guyana

4. Antigua Distillery, Antigua and Barbuda

5. Solid biofuel plant for Fairfield Rice Inc, Guyana

6. Saw mill bioenergy for Wood bv, Guyana

10

Source: DBFZ

Dimensions of Bioenergy Supply

11

financing

impact and sustainability monitoringand assessment

capacity building

So, what to do now?

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• National level activities• RE strategy including bioenergy – Status Quo, goals, measures

• creating beneficial framework – regulations, incentives, transparency, capacity

• Developing entities/science• identifying stakeholders, potential projects, esp. “blueprints”; implementation and standard

procedure development

• Value chain development – from resource to end use

• Monitoring and assessing goal achievements – LCA, economics, agriculture, national benefits etc.

• Stakeholder specific activities• implementing a precedence – removing obstacles along the way (in close cooperation with

parties above

• capacitating actors along value chain – operators, laboratories, new actors (e.g. service, maintenance, contractors), regulators, utilities

• Regional/SIDS level• sharing best practices and further information

• Monitoring of technology and other developments

• developing standards and standard procedures and methodology (monitoring, assessment, regulations)

DBFZ Deutsches Biomasseforschungszentrumgemeinnützige GmbH

Torgauer Straße 116D-04347 LeipzigPhone: +49 (0)341 2434 – 112E-Mail: info@dbfz.dewww.dbfz.de

Thank you very much for your attention!

Kay Schaubach

kay.schaubach@dbfz.de