BioDiversity

Philippine Land Vertebrates: 2011 EstimatesTotal species Endemic Species % Endemic

Land Mammals 237 181 76%

Breeding Land Birds

395 172 44&

Reptiles 259 168 65%

Amphibians 102 78 77%

TOTAL 993 601 61%

Spain 435 25 6%

Brazil 3131 788 25%

Source: Haribon Foundation 2003 based on ESSC 1999 Source: Haribon Foundation 2003 based on ESSC 1999

Source: Haribon Foundation 2003 based on ESSC 1999 Source: Haribon Foundation 2003 based on ESSC 1999

Source: Haribon Foundation 2003 based on ESSC 1999

The Island Ecosystem

A. MangroveB. ForestC. Coral

D. CroplandE.Human SettlementF.River/Creek

G. Seagrass beds

The mining area with open pit is letter H. B2 represents denuded forest. The darker tint of the coral reef at the left side represents dead corals.

(Alan White, Author of Philippine Coral Reefs: A Natural History Guide)

Increasing Intensity of typhoons and precipitation (1945-2006)

Source: PAGASA

A total of 1128 tropical cyclones entered the PAR and 56 % of this tropical cyclone reached typhoon intensity. Each year, the Philippines is hit by an average of 20 typhoons.

Acidic river in Rapu-Rapu.

The shore at the outfall of Pagcolbon River. Water from the outlet is also acidic.

Pagcolbon upstream Pagcolbon outlet

Contaminated Tailings, mud, silt carried by rainwater by run-off and river/creeks downslope towards the sea.

Contaminated Tailings, mud and silt that flowed downslope towards the sea.

(Ungay and Hollowstone)

Fish Killing in Rapu-Rapu (2005, 2007) Mining in Surigao del Sur (September 2010)

Mining in Surigao del Sur (September 2010) Mining in Surigao del Sur (September 2010)

Mining in Surigao del Sur (August 2010)

Health Hazards

River in Marinduque Children in Marinduque

Skin Lesions in Marinduque

Thomas used to bathe in the Mogpog river every day when he was younger. His body is now covered with skin discolouration which he started developing about forty years ago when Placer Dome’s mine was in full operation

Metal Poison Health Risks (Marinduque) Children and women in Children and women in MogpogMogpog were found to be with symptoms were found to be with symptoms

of arsenic poisoning of arsenic poisoning (Marinduque)

Wilson Manubaand his father Pedro – both Calancan Bay fishermen are suffering from severe Arsenic Poisoning, they can no longer work.

Boils and scars due to acid mine drainage and heavy metal poisoning (which flowed through the rivers)

- Siocon, Zamboangadel Norte

Agriculture and Food Security Issues

Water Pollution

(Photo by Professor Patrick Regoniel)

Affected coastal area of Colandorang Bay, Balabac due to abandoned and unrehabilitatedcopper mine

Unhealthy soil caused by mining

Healthy soilHealthy Rice Field which is in danger due to the acid mine drainage to be brought by Intex Resources (Oriental Mindoro)

Barren Rice Field which is biologically dead for 16 years due to mine tailings of Marcopper(Marinduque)

MarinduqueFarm Soil Rice Field

BarrierToxicated Rice Field

Other side of the river used to be a rice field, but is now dead due to the toxic chemicals from operations of Victoria Gold Mines in Benguet . Farmers built a small barrier to prevent contamination on the other side.

Mine drainage flowing from the Lepanto carbon-in-pulp mill and underground tunnelsInto the tributaries of the Abra River

Used to be a healthy rice field with 7.33 M kg of rice worth US$ 2.27M per annum,but is now dead due to the toxic pollution of the rivers caused by mining.(Cervantes, Abra)

As of 2008, NGOs placed the count at 800 abandoned mine sites have not been cleaned up while the MGB insists that there are only seven major abandoned mines collectively known as “The Dirty Seven” for their levels of pollution. Clean-up costs are estimated in billions of dollars and the damage caused will be never be fully reversed.

- Legacy of Disasters 2011, published by Alyansa Tigil Mina

RESPONSIBLE MINERS,

CAN YOU REVERSE THIS?

“The Dirty Seven”

1. Bagacay Mines – Philippine Pyrite CorporationBagacay, Hinabangan, Western Samar (1956 – 1992)

“The Dirty Seven”

2. Tagburos Mines – Palawan Quick Silver MinesTagburos, Puerto Princesa City, Palawan (1953 – 1976)

“The Dirty Seven”

3. Basay Mines – Basay Mining Corp.Brgy. Malinao, Basay, Negros Oriental (1978 – 1994)

“The Dirty Seven”

4. Mogpog Mines – Consolidated Mines Inc.Mogpog, Marinduque (1977 – 1979)

Heavy Metal Poisoning (Marinduque)Dead Mogpog River – Acid Mine Drainage

“The Dirty Seven”

5. Benguet Mines – Black Mountain MinesTuba, Benguet (years of operation not determined)

“The Dirty Seven”

6. Benguet Exploration - Thanksgiving Mine Inc. Tuba, Benguet (years of operation not determined)

“The Dirty Seven”

7. Atok Mines – Western MinolcoAtok, Benguet (1974 - 1982)

IS THAT REVERSIBLE?

IF YOU’RE RESPONSIBLE, FIX IT AND PAY FOR THE DAMAGE!!!

(Credit: Conservation International) (Credit: Conservation International)

(Credit: Conservation International) (Credit: Conservation International)

Palawan as an Island Ecosystem

• “Palawan is composed of a long main island lying in a northeast to southwest axis and surrounding it are clusters of lesser islands…..The main island has a tall steep mountain spine running down its length fringed by narrow coastal plans protected from storm waves by fringing coral reefs and mangrove swamps. Although seemingly lush and bountiful, the environment of Palawan is fragile and its topsoils are relatively thin, poor and prone to erosion. ”(Source: Strategic Environmental Plan for Palawan, Towards Sustainable Development, Prepared by the Palawan Integrated Area DevelopmentProject Office with the assistance of Hunting Technical Services Limited England in association with the Orient Integrated Development Consultants, Inc., Philippines and Sir Mac Donald and Partners, England) Thin Soil of Palawan

In Palawan, rain induced landslides can affect 43.7% of the island.

Palawan is No. 27 of 32 provinces with poverty incidence of 40% which is susceptible to hazards.

Its not worth the risk!

(MTPDP – Chapter. Ten.)

Platinum Group Metals, Inc. (PGMC); photo by Lorenzo Tan

Closer view of PGMC mine site; Photo by Bandillo ng Palawan (August 2007)

With Mining Application!!!

Effect of mining, topsoil is removed

Mining area of Berong Nickel Corporation which plans to expand large-scale mining operations into natural forests. The mined area forms part of the Victoria-Anepahan Range, a key biodiversity area.

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Damage of miningYear 1987

Natural Forest with Mining Application

Lan

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Damage of miningYear 2001

Natural Forest with Mining Application

Mount Bulanjao Mount Bulanjao

Bulanjao Rice Field

Expansion of mining activities are being pursued in the Bulanjao range which is still covered with natural forests which serve as watershed to

lowland communities. (Photo by CI)

With mining application!!!

Mined area of Rio Tuba Nickel Mining Corporation

Limestone quarry in Gotok, Sandoval, Bataraza

Dumpsite within the mining site of RTN

Governing Laws and Policies

• Proclamation No. 219 (1967) establishing Palawan as a Game Refuge and Wildlife Sanctuary

• Proclamation No. 2152 (1981) establishing Palawan as a Mangrove Reserve

• UNESCO Man and Biosphere Reserve• National Integrated Protected Areas

System (NIPAS, January 1992)• Republic Act No. 7611 (or the Strategic

Environmental Plan for Palawan, or SEP law, June 1992)

Issues of Governance

MTPDP 2011 – 2016, Chapter 10(Final Draft)

• Challenges and opportunities to ensure ecological integrity:1. Transparency on public disclosure.

2. Equitable distribution on mining benefits.

3. No standard resource and environment valuation (full cost\benefit analysis).

4. Conflicting and overlapping policies.

5. Insufficient capacity of government for environment and natural resources mgt.

6. Inadequate implementation of laws.

7. Insufficient program to increase value added natural resources.

Continued..

Rizal- 1124,833.45 has

Nickel

Aborlan – 7969,502.92 has.

Brooke ’s Pt. 37121,969.35 has

Nickel

Espanola -1245,824.51 has

Nickel and limestone

Roxas- 317,473.50 has

Silica

Puerto Princesa City-42112,154.67 has

Quezon -4193,181.83 has

Nickel and limestone

San Vicente - 54,993.13 has.

Silica

Dumaran -5812.67 has.

Silica

El Nido -4150 has.

Silica/Nat Gas

Bataraza - 2260,642.30 has.

Limestone, Nickel,HPP

Narra - 4461,443.31 has

Applications for Mineral Exploration, Mineral Production Sharing Agreement (MPSA) and Small Scale Mining Permit (SSMP) in Palawan

Coron - 6573 has.

Prepared by the Palawan NGO Network, Inc. (PNNI)

Balabac - 517,093.63 has

Nickel, Gold, Copper, Chromite

Taytay -1230,820.50 has.

MINING APPLICATIONS on the “Last Frontier”

Palawan’s Key Biodiversity Areas Mining Applications

Insufficient SOCIO-ECONOMIC BENEFITS to the Local Community

• Bataraza, Palawan: After almost 30 years of mining operations of Rio Tuba Nickel Mining Corporation (RTNMC), the municipality of Batarazalags behind other municipalities in the delivery of basic services, such as electricity, water, transportation and education and remains to be among the poorest municipalities of the province. Data from the mining company contained in their 2001 Environmental Impact Statement for theirHydrometallurgical Processing Plant (HPP) Project indicate such poverty incidence.

Mined waste dump site which might flow towards the forest

Which has more weight?

Jobs, scholarships, day care centers, infrastructure,

revenues/taxes

Clean air, clean and adequate water supply, productive

farmlands, healthy coral reefs and fishery resources,

watersheds, biodiversity

OR

“A 50-year old tree has a value of $193,250”(approximately Php9M)

(Prof TM Das of Univ. of Calcutta)$62,000 - oxygen, air pollution control and soil pollution control (Php 3M)

$37,500 - water (P1.8M)

$31,250 - organic fertilizer (P1.5M)

$31,200 – recycles (P1.5M)

$31,250 - habitat (P1.5M)

(source: Conservation International)

Mount Mantalingahan Mount Mantalingahan

Mount Mantalingahan Mount Mantalingahan

Mount Matalingahan Mount Mantalingahan

Mount MantalingahanRich Biodiversity

Mount MantalingahanThe “Katutubo”

Mount MantalingahanThe “Katutubo kids”

Sibuyan Island

• GALAPAGOS OF ASIA - because of the magnificence of its flora and fauna

• WORLD’S DENSEST FOREST(Identified by National Museum)• In a single hectare, 1,551 trees comprising

123 species, which 54 were endemic• With 131 Species of Birds

• CENTER OF ENDEMISM(Field Museum in Chicago Illinois)• 35 endangered and endemic species in almost all

barangays outside the protected areas.

Sibuyan Island

Sibuyan IslandSibuyan Island

Enchanted Sibuyan Stream

Sibuyan Island

Sibuyan clear water

Sibuyan Island

Some Endemic Species of Sibuyan

Sibuyan Island

• MPSA (Mineral Production Sharing Agreement)• 1,580.8010 hectares approved• 3,578.4102 hectares for application

• EP (Exploration Applications)• 15,046.3687 hectares for application

Sibuyan Island

MINING APPLICATIONS!!!

Economic

The Puerto Princesa Experience

The The Puerto Puerto PrincesaPrincesa ExperienceExperience

PROMOTING CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION

IN CITY TOURISM PROGRAMS FOR ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

þ Tourist Income: 2.4B þ Tourist Arrivals:

268,942 (2009)þ Most number

foreign visitors: American, Korean, German, Japanese, Chinese, Canadian, Australian French and Swiss

In line with the City’s sustainable development program there are only two major projects that are being promoted heavily : TOURISM……

In line with the City’s sustainable development program there are only two major projects that are being promoted heavily : TOURISM……

þ FISHINGþ 10,600 MT fish

exportsþ 1.8 MT sold at local

marketþ Shoreline stretches

over 416 kms.þ Coastal waters covers

327,583 has.þ Supplies 50% of fish

requirements in Metro Manila

….Agriculture….AgricultureGovernanceGovernance

þ Efficiency of Service Delivery

þ Initiatives to Promote Transparency

• Muro – Ami

• Cyanide Fishing

• Trawl Fishing

• Dead Corals due to dynamite fishing

Forest cover increased from 52% in 1992Forest cover increased from 52% in 1992to 63% at present to 63% at present

With the comprehensive environmental With the comprehensive environmental program dubbed as program dubbed as

““BantayBantay PuertoPuerto”” (Puerto (Puerto PrincesaPrincesa Watch)Watch)

Source: Environmentally Critical Areas Network Zoning Project /PCSDS

HYBRID SOLAR AND WIND TURBINE LAMP POST

HYBRID SOLAR AND WIND TURBINE LAMP POST

A booming tourist destination A booming tourist destination

Because of new policies and legislations, Puerto Princesa is now …...

…TODAY...

BEFORE PRESENT50 Million Investments 10 Billion7 Banks 32 Banks3 Hotels 110 HotelsInfrastructure Concrete Roads12,000 Tourists 425,000 Tourists1 Flight a week 11 flights maximum0 Monuments World Heritage Site

Geological

Magandang Pilipinas Ecotourism Project

PUERTO PRINCESA, PALAWAN: DOLPHIN WATCHING

• Organized and trained the Brgy Tulingan Fisherman’s Association with 38members

• 50% of collection is retained by the association for operations and maintenance.• Reporting of illegal fishing in Puerto Bay

Magandang Pilipinas Ecotourism Project

PUERTO PRINCESA, PALAWAN: Brgy. Tulingan Fishermen ’s Association

Magandang Pilipinas Ecotourism Project

PUERTO PRINCESA, PALAWAN: Mangrove River Cruise

Sitio San Carlos, Brgy. Bacungan

Magandang Pilipinas Ecotourism Project

PUERTO PRINCESA, PALAWAN

Magandang Pilipinas Ecotourism Project

PUERTO PRINCESA, PALAWAN: Brgy. Iwahig, Iwahig River

GOLD AWARD WINNER

2010 Pacific-Asia Tourism

Association

Magandang Pilipinas Ecotourism Project

PUERTO PRINCESA, PALAWAN: Iwahig Firefly Watching & Mangrove River Cruise

DalubKaragatan Floating School and Pambato Reef SnorkelingHonda Bay, Brgy. Sta. Lourdes

Magandang Pilipinas Ecotourism Project

PUERTO PRINCESA, PALAWAN

Magandang Pilipinas Ecotourism Project

PUERTO PRINCESA, PALAWAN: Spelunking at Ugong Rock

•Organized the Tagabinet Community Tourism Association, Inc. with 24 members (96% female and 4% male)

Magandang Pilipinas Ecotourism Project

PUERTO PRINCESA, PALAWAN: Spelunking at Ugong Rock

YEAR 2008 YEAR 2009 YEAR 2010Visitors Income

(in Million PHP)

Visitors Income (in Million

PHP)

Visitors Income (in Million PHP)

Brgy. Tulingan Fishermen’s Association, Inc.

43 0.02 633 0.28 724 0.31

Mangrove River Cruise (Sitio San Carlos, Brgy. Bacungan)

254 0.04 928 0.37 474 0.21

Iwahig Firefly Watching 283 0.06 2,844 0.53 5,113 1.04Honda Bay, Brgy. Sta. Lourdes

597 0.06 14,645 0.68 18,728 0.94

Spelunking & Summit View (Ugong Rock, Brgy. Tagabinet)

109 0.01 1,333 0.13 4,064 0.35

TOTAL: 1,286 0.19 20,383 1.99 29,103 2.85

COMPARATIVE VISITORS TRAFFIC & REVENUE GENERATED

Magandang Pilipinas Ecotourism Project

PUERTO PRINCESA, PALAWAN

The LOHA’s Market

www.inessence-organics.com/images/site/market...www.emarketergreen.com

NAURU

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/83/Karst_following_phosphate_mining_on_Nauru.jpg

NAURU

www.jandvwilliams.com/Nauru_photos.html

NAURU

http://www.albionmonitor.com/0304a/nauru.html

Nauru Sibuyan Island

VegetationVegetation MapMapProtected AreasProtected AreasMining ApplicationsMining ApplicationsThreatened BirdThreatened Bird

LocalitiesLocalitiesDO YOU REALLY WANT TO

GO THIS ROUTE???!!!

PASIG RIVERThe Lifeline of our Nation

Paco Headwater BEFORE

Paco Headwater as of April 6, 2011 Paco Headwater BEFORE

Paco Headwater as of February 14, 2011 OSMEÑA as of April 6, 2011

OSMEÑA as of April 27, 2011 Paco Tenement as of April 6, 2011

Paco Tenement as of April 27, 2011 Paco Tenement as of April 27, 2011

Paco Tenement as of March 30, 2011 Paco Tenement as of March 30, 2011

Behind Malacañang: Estero De San Miguel Near Malacañang

Estero De San Miguel

Pictures taken last January 18, 2011

Malacanang

PalaceSAN MIGUEL WATER SYSTEM SECTION MAP

SECTION 1

SECTION 2SECTION 3

SECTION 4SECTION 5