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Биологическое разнообразие в Центральной Азии в картах и диаграммах

Biodiversity in Central Asia

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Biodiversity in Central Asia

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  • 12

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    : data.worldbank.org/indicator, 2010 .

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  • 13

    . , , , . , . : , , .

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  • 14

    - . (WWF) . WWF . 1970 2007 28%. , , .

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    : WWF Living Planet Report 2010

    1970 = 11.6

    0

    1.4

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    1.0

    0.8

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    1970 1980 1990 2000 2007

    : Ecological Footprint Atlas 2010

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    1970 1980 1990 2000 2007

    : Ecological Footprint Atlas 2010, 2007 .

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  • 15

    .

    -

    .

    C a s p i a n S e a

    .

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    Kashgar

    Altay

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    : World Wildlife Fund: Ecoregions of the World ( www.worldwildlife.org/science/ecoregions/item1267.html)

    1

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    13

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  • 16

    1. 2020 , , - , .

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  • 17

    11. 2020 17% 10 % , , , , - .

    12. 2020 , , , , .

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    15. 2020 - , 15 % , .

    16. 2015 .

    17. 2015 .

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    ,

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    20 , .

    C

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  • 18

    Convention onBiological Diversity

    Convention onBiological Diversity

    Convention onBiological Diversity

    () , , - , . , , 193 . . 5 1992 . -- () 29 1993 . , . , .

    , . - 11 2003 150 (), , , . - (), -,

    (). . () 2010 . ,

    ( - , , , ) , - . , 2 1971 . 21 1975 .

    . , - . , (), . , .

    . , , , - . . .

    , , . , , 20 2011 -.

    , . - 2 . . - , , , , , , , , , . 160 (), - .

    Cartagena Protocol

    Convention on Biological Diversity

    Nagoya Protocol

  • 19

    CMS

    ( ) , . 1979 . () 1983 . 116 (), , , . , , 176 ,

    , . , , . 175 , , . 1 1975 . , , 5 000 28 000 . I ,

    , () 16 1972 . 193 -, . , 936

    I . , , II. , . , , . .

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    . , , , , , . 3 , , , . .

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    , - , .

  • 20

    --

    .

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    .

    .

    .

    Shihezi

    .

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    ,

    ,

    100200500

    10002000

    . , 80% . 10% . , , . 4,6% , 10% .

    8,6% . . 10 , 12 , 50 , 9 , , .

  • 21

    0

    10 000

    500

    400

    300

    200

    100

    50 000

    -

    -

    -

    : Kazakhstans 4th National Report for Biodiversity Convention, 2010.

    , . . , , , , - . , , , . , , - , . - . 90% . , .

    : , , , .

    : Kazakhstans 4th National Report for Biodiversity Convention, 2010.

    0

    6

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    3

    2

    1

    , .

    0

    300

    250

    200

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    100

    50

    350

    400

    10000 2

    : Kazakhstans 4th National Report for Biodiversity Convention, 2010.

    0

    25 000

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    10 000

    5 000

    , .

    1992 2000 2010

    2010 .%

    2010 .%

    .

  • 22

    . -

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    ( )

    ,

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    : - -. - , . 90% . .

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  • 23

    . -

    .

    .

    .

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    Tole Bi

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    , , - . , (Tulipa nitida), (T. ostrowski-ana) (T. rosea). , , . -

    : Kyrgyzstans 4th National Report for Biodiversity Convention, 2010.

    0

    6

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    3

    2

    1

    , .

    : Kyrgyzstan 4th National Report for Biodiversity Convention, 2010.

    0

    300

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    150

    100

    50

    350

    400

    10000 2

    0

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    : Kyrgyzstan 4th National Report for Biodiversity Convention, 2010.

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    1992 2000 2010

    -

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    2010 .%

    2010 .%

    .

  • 24

    Panj

    .

    .

    ShardaraReservoir

    .

    Tashkent

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    Shardara

    -

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    -

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    ( )

    ,

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    , ( ), , - , . 22% . ,

  • 25

    . , . 1990- .

    3% . . . , , .

    (1988). . . . , , : , , , , .

    : Tajikistans 4th National Report for Biodiversity Convention, 2010.

    0

    6

    5

    4

    3

    2

    1

    , .

    : Tajikistans 4th National Report for Biodiversity Convention, 2010.

    0

    300

    250

    200

    150

    100

    50

    350

    400

    10000 2

    0

    10 000

    500

    400

    300

    200

    100

    : Tajikistans 4th National Report for Biodiversity Convention, 2010.

    12 000

    -

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    2 500

    2 000

    1 000

    500

    1 500

    3 500

    1992 2000 20101992 2000 2010

    , . 2010 .

    %

    2010 .%

    .

  • 26

    --

    .

    .

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    --

    Tayyebad

    -

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    ,

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    784 000 . . .

  • 27

    30 , 30 . 1950- , , . , , , , , . , . : , , , . , , , . .

    . . , , , .

    Source: Turkmenistans National Report for the UN Convention Biodiversity, 2010.

    0

    6

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    3

    2

    1

    , .

    .

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    10 000

    500

    400

    300

    200

    100

    : Turkmenistans National Repor for Biodiversity Convention, 2010; UNDP GEF, 2009.

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    -

    -

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    1 200

    2 000

    2 400

    1992 2000 2010

    , . 2010 .

    %

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    Source: Turkmenistans National Report for the UN Convention Biodiversity, 2010.

    0

    300

    250

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    50

    350

    400

    10000 2

  • 28

    , , - ( ) . , , - . 20% .

    , () , , , , , . , 5,8% , .

    .

    .

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    A

    100 200 300 400 km0

    Map produced by ZO Environment Network, October 2011

    Source: Protected Planet ( http://protectedplanet.net); UNESCO World Heritage Conventon ( http://whc.unesco.org)ADB Nature Atlas ( http://beta.adb.org/publications/central-asia-atlas-natural-resources); Ramsar Convention on Wetlands ( www.ramsar.org)

    100200500

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    ( )

    ,

    ,

  • 29

    , . 25 , . : , (). . 7,7% : , . , . 25% .

    : , , , - , , , , , , .

    : Uzbekistans National Report for Biodiversity Convention, 2008.

    0

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    4

    3

    2

    1

    , .

    .

    : Uzbekistans National Report for Biodiversity Convention, 2008.

    0

    300

    250

    200

    150

    100

    50

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    400

    10000 2

    0

    10 000

    500

    400

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    : Uzbekistans National Report for Biodiversity Convention, 2008; http://www.cbd.uz/

    14 000

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    1 000

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    1 500

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    1992 2000 2010

    , . 2010 .

    %

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    .

  • 32

    , . , , , , . , . - . , . - , , , , . 1950- . 35 . 30% . . , , .

  • 33

    , , , - . 70-125 , - , . 30. : , 350 . 2, . , . , , . , , .

  • 34

    .

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    0 100 200 300

    ZO Environment Network, 2011 .

    -100% 0-50%-60%-70%-80%-90% -10%-20%-30%-40%

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  • 35

    , , , . , . , , , , . . , . , , . , . 1930-1940- . , , .

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    0

    300

    250

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    : FAO Global Forest Resources Assessment 2010, 2005-2010 .

    , ..

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    , , . *

    *

    : FAO 2010, 2005-2010 .

  • 36

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  • 37

    . , , . , . (in-situ), (ex-situ). .

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  • 38

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  • 39

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  • 40

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  • 41

    4500-5500 , () . . , . .

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  • 42

    . 371 000 . 2. , - . , 5 . . , , , 80% , .

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    : Transboundary Diagnostic Analysis of the Caspian Environmental Programme 2007

  • 43

    . 1960- , , , , , . , , . , , 300 , , , . , .

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    1930 1940 1950 1960 19801970 2010

    : International Symposium on the Management of Large Rivers for Fisheries, 2003; Integrated Water Resource Management in the Amu Darya delta, 2010; Environment and Security in the Amu Darya river basin, 2011.

    1990 2000

    .

    ,

    100

    1960

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    : http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Features/WorldOfChange/aral_sea.php; Climate Change Central Asia: a visual synthesis report, 2009.

    , . , .

  • 44

    - ( , ) . -, 6236 2, . - . , . , , . , , . 2008 . , . 20 - . .

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    2000300400 200 100 2500 3000 3500 4000

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    1960- 1970- 1980- 1990- 2001-03

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  • 45

  • 46

  • 47

    . , . - , -

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  • 48

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  • 49

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  • 52

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  • 53

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  • 54

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    : ( www.agroatlas.ru/ru/content/vegetation_maps/Arable), .

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  • 55

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  • 58

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  • 59

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  • 60

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    : U.K. Climate Research Unit ( : www.climatewizard.org),

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    : U.K. Climate Research Unit ( : www.climatewizard.org),

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  • 61

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  • 62

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  • 63

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