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Biodiversity What is biodiversity? Biodiversity is also know as biological diversity Biodiversity refers to wide variety of organisms on earth LIVING THINGS ANIMALS PLANTS

Biodiversity( Folio)

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Page 1: Biodiversity( Folio)

BiodiversityWhat is biodiversity?

Biodiversity is also know as biological diversity

Biodiversity refers to wide variety of organisms on earth

LIVING THINGS

ANIMALS PLANTS

Page 2: Biodiversity( Folio)

BiodiversityObserve the biodiversity in this rainforest

Page 3: Biodiversity( Folio)

Classification of Animals

Vertebrates Invertebrates

Animals

Animal with backbonesAnimal without backbones

There are two main groups of animals:

Page 4: Biodiversity( Folio)

Invertebrates

With jointed legs Without jointed legs

3 pairs of leg 4 pairs of legs

More than 4 pairs of legs

Segmented body

Non-segmentedbody

CLASSIFICATION OF INVETEBRATES

Page 5: Biodiversity( Folio)

Invertebrates• More than 90% of animals are invertebrates• Since invertebrates have no backbone, they are usually small in size.

• Examples: Inserts such as ants, butterflies, flies, and cockroaches Spiders Crabs Prawns Worms Mollusks such as snails

Page 6: Biodiversity( Folio)

Vertebrates

Amphibians

Fish

Birds

Mammals

Reptiles

Classification of vertebrates

Page 7: Biodiversity( Folio)

Vertebrates• Smaller group compared to invertebrates. However, we are more familiar with this group of animals

• Since vertebrates have backbone to support their weight, many vertebrates are large in size

Page 8: Biodiversity( Folio)

Common characteristics of amphibians

• Body covered with moist skin

• Adults can live on land and water

• Adults breathe with lung on land and through moist skin when in water• Cold-blooded (body temperature changes with the surrounding temperature)• Lay eggs covered with jelly-like substance• Young amphibians live in water and breathe through gills• Carry out external fertilization (eggs are fertilized outside the female body)

Toad

Salamander

AMPHIBIANS

Examples : Toad , frog and salamander

Page 9: Biodiversity( Folio)

Common characteristics of birds

• Body covered with feathers

• Have wings and beak

• Breathe with lungs

• Warm-blooded (body temperature remains constant)

• Lay eggs with hard shells

• Carry out internal fertilization (eggs are fertilized inside the female body)

BIRDS

Examples : Chicken, birds, duck, penguin

Page 10: Biodiversity( Folio)

Common characteristics of reptiles

• Body covered with hard and dry scales for protection

• Breathe with lungs

• Cold-blooded (body temperature changes with surrounding temperature)• Lay eggs with leathery shells• Carry out internal fertilization (eggs are fertilized inside the female body)

Tortoises

Crocodile

Snake

REPTILES

Examples : snake, crocodile, lizards, tortoises

Page 11: Biodiversity( Folio)

Common characteristics of fish• Body covered with slimy scales for protection

• Have fins and tail to swim

• Streamlined bodies to swim well

• Breathe through gills

• Cold-blooded (body temperature changes with the surrounding temperature)• Lay eggs• Carry out external fertilization (eggs are fertilized outside the female body)

FISH

Examples : shark, clown fish, pomfret, seahorse

Page 12: Biodiversity( Folio)

Common characteristics of mammals• Body covered with hair or fur

• Breathe with lungs• Warm-blooded (body temperature remains constant)• Give birth to live young• Carry out internal fertilization (eggs are fertilized inside the female body)• Young mammals feed on milk from their mother’s mammary glands

Camel

RhinocerosTiger

Orangutan

Elephant

MAMMALS

Examples :Tiger, elephant, whale, camel, cats, do

Page 13: Biodiversity( Folio)

DISCUSSION1.0 What is the difference between vertebrates and invertebrates?2.0 Which type of vertebrate’s breath through lungs?3.0 Which type of vertebrate’s lay eggs?4.0 Which type of vertebrates has cold-blooded?5.0 State three similarities between birds and mammals6.0 A whale is classified as a mammal and not a fish. Give three reasons for this.7.0 Frog can breath both on land and in water. How can frogs do so?

Page 14: Biodiversity( Folio)

CONCLUSION 1.0 There is a large variety of animals on the Earth. It can be said that there is diversity among animals 2.0 These animals differs from one another in size, shape and appearance 3.0 Invertebrates are animals which do not have back bones and most of them are insect. 4.0 Invertebrates are usually very small because they do not have backbones to support heavy weight. 5.0 Vertebrates are animals with backbones and can

differentiate

Page 15: Biodiversity( Folio)

Reference 1.0 Text book science form 1 2.0 Science process skills form 1( Longman)

Page 16: Biodiversity( Folio)

Classification of Plants

Flowering Plants Non-flowering Plants

Plants

Examples Examples

Page 17: Biodiversity( Folio)

Non-flowering plants• Further divided to conifers, ferns, mosses, and algae

• Conifers

Reproduce by seeds produced in cones Have needle-like leaves

Have stems, roots and needle- like leaves Example: casuarinas, pine

• Ferns Reproduced by spores on the underside of leaves

Have stems, leaves and roots Example: Bird’s nest fern, stag’s horn fern

Page 18: Biodiversity( Folio)

• Mosses Reproduce by spores produced in capsules

Have simple stems and tiny leaves but no true roots Example: White moss

• Algae

Very simple plants No proper roots, stems, leaves Example: Seaweed

Page 19: Biodiversity( Folio)

Flowering plants• Produce flower for reproduction• Flower fruits and seeds new plants• Based on the seeds they produce, flowering plants can be further divided into 2 groups

Flowering plants

Monocotyledons Dicotyledons

Have seeds with one cotyledon

Have fibrous roots

Leaves have parallel veins

Non- woody stems

Have seeds with two cotyledon

Have tap roots

Leaves have a network of

veins

Woody stems

Page 20: Biodiversity( Folio)

FOLIOTHEME

MAN AND THE VARIETY OF LIVING THINGS

CHAPTER 5BIODIRVERSITY

TITLETHE CLASSIFICATION OF ANIMALS

NAME : __________________________

CLASS : __________

IC NUMBER : ______________

YEAR : 2009

Page 21: Biodiversity( Folio)

CONTENT1. Introduction2. Objective3. Concept map – Classification Of Animals4. Invertebrates 4.1 Definition 4.2 Characteristics Features Of Animal 4.3 Example Of Invertebrates Animals5. Vertebrate 5.1 Definition 5.2 The Main Characteristics of five groups of vertebrates

5.2.1) Mammals 5.2.2) Birds 5.2.3) Reptile 5.2.4) Amphibian 5.2.5) Fish

6. Discussion7. Conclusion8. References