BIODIVERSITY AND

CONSERVATION

What do you understand from this picture?

BIODIVERSITY

Two Greek word – Bio And Diversity

Bio = Life

Diversity = Variety

Biodiversity = Variety of organisms found in a

geographical area

•

• Organisam = Plants, Animals, Micro-organisms

TYPES OF BIODIVERSITY

➢ Three types

1. Genetic Diversity

2. Species Diversity

3. Ecosystem Diversity

1. GENETIC DIVERSITY

Refers to variety of genes within a species

• Example. Human being - Variation in colour,

height, size and physical appearance

2. SPECIES DIVERSITY

It is related to number of species within an area

Diversity can be measured through its richness and type

3. ECOSYSTEM DIVERSITY

It is refers to variety of species found in an ecosystem

HOT SPOT

The area rich in species diversity is called hotspot

ECOLOGICAL HOTSPOTS IN THE WORLD

1. Central American high land

2. Central American low land

3. Western Ghat in India

4. Eastern Himalaya

5. Peninsular Malaysia

6. Philippines

MEGA DIVERSITY CENTRE

Some countries in the tropical region posses a large number of the world species diversity. They are called mega diversity centre

• There are 12 countries have Mega Diversity centre.

1. China2. India3. Malaysia4. Ecuador5. Indonesia6. Australia7. Columbia8. Congo9. Peru10.Madagascar11.Mexico12.Brazil

ENDANGERED SPECIES

It is refers to those species which are in danger of extinction

VULNERABLE SPECIES

Those species which are likely to be danger of extinction in near future is known as vulnerable species

RARE SPECIESThe population of species is very small number in the world is called as rare species

• Eg. Greater One-Horned Rhinoceros. Nilgiri Tahr, Bengal Tigers, Asiatic Lion, Black Buck, Lion Tailed Macaque, Snow Leopard ( All in India)

IMPORTANCE OF BIO DIVERSITY

The importance can be divided as

1. Ecological role of biodiversity

2. Economic role of biodiversity

3. Scientific role of biodiversity

1. ECOLOGICAL ROLE OF BIODIVERSITY

1. Food chain

2. Existence of life

3. Purification of air

4. Purification of water

5. Maintain soil fertility

6. Climatic control

7. Aesthetic beauty

2. ECONOMIC ROLE OF BIO DIVERSITY

1. Provides food

2. Shelter

3. Industrial raw material

4. Medicinal plant

5. Tourism industry

3. SCIENTIFIC ROLE OF BIODIVERSITY

1. Help to understand

how life functioning

2. Awareness about extinction of species

CAUSES OF LOSE OF BIODIVERSITY

1. Construction of canals and dams

2. Construction of roads

3. Tourism development

4. Mining activities

5. Changes in nature of agriculture

CAUSES OF LOSE OF BIODIVERSITY

6. Over exploitation of medicinal plants

7. Environmental pollutions

8. Growing international demand on

Trade of animals and plants

9. Improper management system

CONSERVATION OF BIODIVERSITY

1. Preserve the species that are endangered

2. Proper planning and implementation to protect

extinction of species

3. Variety food crops plants trees animals should be

protected

4. Each country should identify habitat for wild life

5. Regulation of international trade of plant and

animals

IUCN

• International organization for the protection of nature and natural resources

Messages to the students

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