BioCommand 32 BioProcessing Software

BioCommand 32BioProcessing Software

MANUAL NO: M1268-0050Revision C

December 12, 2000

NEW BRUNSWICK SCIENTIFIC CO., INC.

BEFORE INSTALLATION:See Chapter 1

BOX 4005 •••• 44 TALMADGE ROAD •••• EDISON, NJ 08818-4005Telephone: 1-732-287-1200 •••• 1-800-631-5417Fax: 732-287-4222 •••• Telex: 4753012 NBSCOInternet: http://www.nbsc.com •••• E-mail: [email protected]

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BioCommand 32 User’s Guide

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New Brunswick Scientific User’s Guide

INTERNATIONAL OFFICES:

UNITED KINGDOMNew Brunswick Scientific (UK) Ltd.Edison House, 163 Dixons Hill RoadNorth Mymms, Hatfield, Herts. AL9 7JUnited KingdomTel: (0)1707 275733Fax: (0)1707 267859E-mail: [email protected]

THE NETHERLANDSNew Brunswick Scientific Benelux BVKerkenbos 1101, 6546 BC NijmegenP.O Box 6826, 6503 GH NijmegenHollandTel: (0)24 3717 600Fax: (0)24 3717 640E-mail: [email protected]

BELGIUMNew Brunswick Scientific NV/SA‘t Veldeke, 1B-1970 Wezembeek-OppemBelgië/BelgiqueTel: (0)2 731 6787Fax: (0)2 731 8130E-mail: [email protected]

GERMANYNew Brunswick Scientific GmbHIn Der Au 14D-72622 NürtingenDeutschlandTel: (0)7022 932490Fax: (0)7022 932486E-mail: [email protected]

FRANCE (Paris)New Brunswick Scientific SARL3, rue des Deux-Boules75001 ParisFranceTel: (0)1 40 26 47 06Fax: (0)1 40 26 54 23E-mail: [email protected]

FRANCE (Toulouse)New Brunswick Scientific SARL15, allées de Bellefontaine31100 ToulouseFranceTel: (0)5 61 43 65 43Fax: (0)5 61 41 51 78E-mail: [email protected]

CHINA (Beijing)Room 8-3-BNo. 1 Heng Fu Zhong StreetFeng Tai DistrictBeijing 100070P.R. ChinaTel: 10 6371 0167Fax: 10 6374 1107

CHINA (Shanghai)Room 1406, Aijian No. 1 Bldg.Lane 590, WanPing (S) RoadShanghai 200030P.R. ChinaTel: 21 6481 2658Fax: 21 6481 2665E-mail: [email protected]

CHINA (ShenZhen)Room A-25D, ShenNan GardenScience & Industry Park, NanShanShenZhen 518057P.R. ChinaTel: 755 663 1609Fax: 755 663 3731E-mail: [email protected]

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THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY BLANK

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WARNING !This product must be operated only as described in this manual.

If operational guidelines are not followed,equipment damage can occur.

Please read and understand this User’s Guide before attempting to use BioCommand.

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Copyright NoticeNew Brunswick Scientific Company, Inc.Box 4005 44 Talmadge RoadEdison, New Jersey 08818-4005 Copyright 2000 New Brunswick Scientific Co., Inc.All Rights Reserved.Reproduction, adaptation, or translation without prior written permission fromNew Brunswick Scientific is prohibited.

Disclaimer NoticeNew Brunswick Scientific Co., Inc. reserves the right to changeinformation in this document without notice. Updates to information inthis document reflect our commitment to continuing product developmentand improvement.

Manual Symbols

NOTE:

CAUTION !

WARNING !

Bold

Notes contain important and useful informationseparate from text.

Caution messages appear before procedures which,if not observed, could result in damage to theequipment.

Warning messages alert you to specific proceduresor practices which, if not followed correctly, couldresult in serious personal injury.

Text in bold face type emphasizes key words or phrases.

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Every Instrument manufactured by theNew Brunswick Scientific Co., Inc. is warranted to be free fromdefects in material and workmanship. This apparatus, with theexception of glassware, lamps and electrodes (where supplied),

is warranted for 1 year against faulty components and assembly and ourobligation under this warranty is limited to repairing or replacing

the instrument or part thereof, which shall, within 1 year after date ofshipment, prove to be defective after our examination. This warranty

does not extend to any NBS products which have been subjected to misuse, neglect, accident or improper installation or

application; nor shall it extend to products which have been repaired or altered outside the NBS factory

without prior authorization fromNew Brunswick Scientific Co., Inc.

W A R R A N T Y

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CONTENTS

1 READ THIS FIRST ..................................................................................1

1.1 Before Installing BioCommand........................................................................................................ 11.2 Obtaining a Product Registration Number ....................................................................................... 11.3 License Agreement Acceptance ....................................................................................................... 2

2 INTRODUCTION .....................................................................................5

2.1 Major Features ................................................................................................................................. 52.2 Product Benefits ............................................................................................................................... 52.3 How to Use This Manual ................................................................................................................. 62.4 Organization of This Manual ........................................................................................................... 72.5 Notation Conventions Used In This Manual .................................................................................... 72.6 Navigating Through Windows ....................................................................................................... 82.7 Reference for Item Naming Conventions......................................................................................... 9

3 BIOCOMMAND INSTALLATION & SET-UP...................................................11

3.1 Workstation Setup.......................................................................................................................... 113.2 Launching BioCommand ............................................................................................................... 143.3 Workgroup Information ................................................................................................................. 143.4 Recipes and Batches....................................................................................................................... 153.5 “Starting BioCommand 32” Screen ............................................................................................... 153.6 Main Menu..................................................................................................................................... 173.7 Main Toolbar.................................................................................................................................. 18

4 CREATING A RECIPE & STARTING A BATCH.................................................19

4.1 Creating a New Recipe using Batch Wizard .................................................................................. 194.2 Expanding a Basic Recipe.............................................................................................................. 264.3 Alternative Methods to Create a New Recipe ............................................................................... 264.4 Starting A Batch............................................................................................................................. 324.5 Batch Summary View .................................................................................................................... 36

5 INTRODUCTION TO BATCH VIEWS.............................................................39

5.1 Trend Views................................................................................................................................... 395.2 Using the Trend Graph................................................................................................................... 425.3 Creating Synoptic Views................................................................................................................ 43

6 CREATING PROGRAMS ..........................................................................49

6.1 How to Create a Program............................................................................................................... 506.2 User-Defined Loops ....................................................................................................................... 606.3 More Program Functions................................................................................................................ 61

7 SETTING ALARMS & ALERTS ..................................................................63

7.1 Setting Alarms................................................................................................................................ 637.2 Setting Alerts.................................................................................................................................. 67

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8 ENDING A BATCH ................................................................................69

8.1 End a Batch .................................................................................................................................... 698.2 Exiting BioCommand..................................................................................................................... 698.3 Restarting with Active Batches ...................................................................................................... 708.4 Shutting Down BioCommand ........................................................................................................ 71

9 SECURITY FEATURES ............................................................................73

9.1 User-Based Access......................................................................................................................... 739.2 Entering User Passwords................................................................................................................ 739.3 Recipe Authorization Levels .......................................................................................................... 779.4 Creating and Modifying a User List............................................................................................... 77

10 MAIN SCREEN FUNCTIONS REFERENCE.......................................................83

10.1 File............................................................................................................................................. 8310.2 Edit ............................................................................................................................................ 8410.3 View .......................................................................................................................................... 8510.4 Tools.......................................................................................................................................... 8610.5 User ........................................................................................................................................... 9010.6 Window ..................................................................................................................................... 9110.7 Help ........................................................................................................................................... 9210.8 Toolbar Description................................................................................................................... 93

11 RECIPE/BATCH FUNCTIONS ....................................................................95

11.1 Creating or Editing Recipes....................................................................................................... 9511.2 Starting a Batch ....................................................................................................................... 11511.3 Altering a Batch in Progress.................................................................................................... 116

12 CREATING & EDITING VIEWS ................................................................125

12.1 AutoRefresh Feature................................................................................................................ 12512.2 Program Views ........................................................................................................................ 12712.3 Synoptic Views........................................................................................................................ 14012.4 Trend Views ............................................................................................................................ 144

13 TROUBLESHOOTING............................................................................153

13.1 Troubleshooting Guide............................................................................................................ 153

14 SPECIFICATIONS & SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS.............................................155

14.1 BioCommand Specifications ................................................................................................... 15514.2 System Requirements .............................................................................................................. 15514.3 Network and Communications Requirements ......................................................................... 156

15 INSTALLATION OF SYSTEM ...................................................................159

15.1 Computer, Interface, and Networking Hardware..................................................................... 15915.2 Fermentor and Bioreactor Installation..................................................................................... 16115.3 Configuring Server & Workstations for Networked Use ........................................................ 16115.4 Creating a BioCommand Workgroup...................................................................................... 162

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16 DATA LOG FORMAT...........................................................................163

16.1 Settings .................................................................................................................................... 16416.2 Changes ................................................................................................................................... 16516.3 Batch Events............................................................................................................................ 16716.4 Reports .................................................................................................................................... 16716.5 Data Logs ................................................................................................................................ 16816.6 Batch Identifications................................................................................................................ 17016.7 User Data................................................................................................................................. 17216.8 Errors....................................................................................................................................... 17216.9 Views Data .............................................................................................................................. 173

17 VIEWING BATCH DATA .......................................................................175

17.1 Starting DBViewer32 .............................................................................................................. 17517.2 Existing Batches ...................................................................................................................... 17517.3 Using the Main Data Window................................................................................................. 17617.4 More Batches........................................................................................................................... 185

18 NBS SERVER SETUP ..........................................................................187

18.1 File Menu Selection................................................................................................................. 18818.2 Setup Menu Selection.............................................................................................................. 18918.3 Help Menu Selection ............................................................................................................... 192

19 INDEX ..........................................................................................193

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11 RREEAADD TTHHIISS FFIIRRSSTT

1.1 Before Installing BioCommand

BioCommand is copyrighted software and may not be used without a license.Before you do anything else, read this entire chapter.The license supplied with your purchase is good for a networked installation at one singlesite. Before BioCommand can be used, you will need to obtain a Product RegistrationNumber from New Brunswick Scientific.

NOTE:

From the time you receive your Product Registration Number, you may useit to activate BioCommand during a period of two weeks. If you are notready to install and activate the software, do not request the productRegistration Number at this time.

The number of Product Registration Numbers that New Brunswick Scientific will issueagainst one BioCommand serial number is limited. Be sure you are ready to proceed withinstallation before you request a Product Registration Number. Also, be sure to save theBioCommand serial number in case reinstallation becomes necessary, because a ProductRegistration Number cannot be issued without the serial number.

1.2 Obtaining a Product Registration Number

The Product Registration Number can be obtained in several ways:

• Online through the worldwide web (the fastest and easiest method to use in most cases)• Through your local NBS sales office, by e-mail, phone or fax• Through our U.S. headquarters, by e-mail, phone or fax

1.2.1 Online Registration

Contact this website: http://www.nbsc.com

Fill out the online Registration Form. You will be asked for:

• your name and title• your “Institution” (the company, institution or organization where you

work)

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• your institution’s street address, city, state or province, and country• your work phone number and e-mail address• the serial number of your BioCommand software, which is found on the

back of the CD case.

1.2.2 Registration at Local NBS Sales Office

Contact your local NBS sales office by telephone, fax or e-mail, and providethe information listed in Section 1.2.1.

1.2.3 Registration at NBS U.S. Office

Contact NBS headquarters:

• by telephone: 1-732-287-1200• by fax: 1-732-4222• by e-mail: [email protected]

to provide the information listed in Section 1.2.1.

1.3 License Agreement Acceptance

You must also accept the License Agreement below before you can use this software.

NEW BRUNSWICK SCIENTIFIC CO., INC.LICENSE AGREEMENT FOR BIOCOMMAND 32

This is a legal agreement between you, the end user, and New Brunswick Scientific Co., Inc.

By obtaining an installation password and installing this software, you are agreeing to bebound by the terms of this agreement.

If you do not agree to the terms of this agreement, promptly return the package and theaccompanying items to New Brunswick Scientific.

1.3.1 New Brunswick Scientific Software License

1. Grant Of License

New Brunswick Scientific grants you the right to use the BioCommand 32 software program (BioCommand 32) in a networked environment at a single site. You mayinstall BioCommand 32 on multiple computers within a single network domain.

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You may not install this copy of BioCommand 32 in more than one network domainat the same time.

2. Copyright

The BioCommand 32 program is owned by New Brunswick Scientific or its suppliersand is protected by United States copyright laws and international treaty provisions.Therefore, you must treat BioCommand 32 like any other copyrighted material (e.g.,a book or musical recording) except that you may make one copy of BioCommand 32solely for backup or archival purposes.

3. Other Restrictions

You may not rent, lease or transfer BioCommand 32. You may not reverse engineer,decompile, or disassemble BioCommand 32.

1.3.2 U.S. Government Restricted Rights

The BioCommand 32 software program and documentation are provided withRESTRICTED RIGHTS. Use, duplication, or disclosure by the Government is subjectto restrictions as set forth in subdivision (b)(3)(ii) of The Rights in Technical Data andComputer Software clause at 252.227-7013. Contractor/manufacturer is New BrunswickScientific Co., Inc./44 Talmadge Road/P. O. Box 4005/Edison, New Jersey 08818-4005.

This Agreement is governed by the laws of the State of New Jersey. Should you haveany questions concerning this Agreement, or if you desire to contact New BrunswickScientific for any reason, please write: New Brunswick Scientific Customer Sales andService, 44 Talmadge Road, P.O. Box 4005, Edison, New Jersey 08818-4005.

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22 IINNTTRROODDUUCCTTIIOONN

BioCommand software enhances the capabilities of NBS bioprocessingequipment. It oversees the independent operation of one or many NBSprocess controllers. BioCommand enables centralized control,monitoring and data acquisition in applications ranging from a singlebenchtop laboratory fermentor through arrays of large-scale productionvessels. This software uses industry-standard conventions, including thefamiliar terms of Recipe (all of the variables associated with afermentation run) and Batch (an active application of a recipe).

2.1 Major Features

• Centralized monitoring and control of one or several fermentors and bioreactors• Network connectivity, so several computer stations can serve as observation and

control centers• Automatic process data recording• Clear synoptic, graphical, pictorial and numerical displays and reports• User programming for automating research and production protocols• Security features

2.2 Product Benefits

2.2.1 General

BioCommand is a Windows–based, network-capable, multi–bioprocesssupervision program. It is designed primarily for use with New BrunswickScientific’s fermentation and cell culture equipment, but can be extended to thecontrol and supervision of other equipment as well. This software uniquelyretains the easy-to-use character of its precursor, AFS BioCommand, whileadding powerful networking; security; 32–bit architecture; expandedprogramming, enhanced graphing and reporting capabilities; and recipe-basedprocess control.

We are confident that that the power, flexibility and convenience of this softwarewill enhance creativity and productivity in laboratory, pilot, and manufacturingapplications.

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Because BioCommand is software that can be validated, it is suitable for use inFDA-validated processes.

BioCommand runs under the popular and familiar Windows 2000, WindowsNT and Windows 98 operating systems. For networked applications, at leastone computer must be running NT Server.

2.2.2 Displays

An intuitive graphical interface for custom Synoptic Views, enhanced graphingcapabilities and custom data reports mean clear and complete process data isalways available.

2.2.3 Security

Automatic data archiving, process alarms and warnings, and assignable batchauthorities lend multiple level security to both process data and the process itself.List levels are easily maintained and, with proper authority, modified.

2.2.4 Batch Programming: Easy Though Powerful

BioCommand introduces integrated 3-level process programming for applicationswhere programming can provide superior protocols or convenience. With easilycreated time profiles, you can adjust setpoints according to your specificationsbased on batch running time. You can also add condition-dependent setpointadjustments by arranging function blocks in a graphical workspace.

BASIC programming is available, too, to create user-defined functions. Any andall of these programming tools can be incorporated in a Control Diagram forprecise batch reproducibility, or for well-defined and controlled experiments.

2.2.5 Application

BioCommand is compatible with all New Brunswick Scientific computer-capableproducts. The number of units supported is limited only by network capacity.

2.3 How to Use This Manual

We recommend that operators first acquire skill with the controllers, then the software.The overlap between some BioCommand functions and some controller functions cansteepen the learning curve for those trying to learn both simultaneously.

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Follow the first three chapters carefully to ensure that the software is installedcorrectly, and the appropriate interface connects the controlled instrument(s) to thehost computer(s). These initial steps are best performed with the assistance ofcomputer/networking personnel.

Refer to Chapters 3-8 to set up and complete a first BioCommand run.As needed, refer to the remaining chapters.

2.4 Organization of This Manual

Chapters 1-2 Introductory material.

Chapter 3-8 These chapters take the new user from program start-upthrough fermentor shutdown in step-by-step tutorial style.They include sufficient detail to enable further independentexploration.

Chapters 9-12 Reference chapters containing in-depth explanations offeatures.

Chapter 13 A troubleshooting guide to help you diagnose and resolve somepotential difficulties.

Chapters 14-18 Information that is usually not necessary for routine programoperation (product specifications, system requirements,installation information, data log formats and hardware serversetup instructions), but which may be helpful to advancedusers.

Chapter 19 An index to key terms used throughout the manual.

2.5 Notation Conventions Used In This Manual

2.5.1 Mouse Notation

Notation Application

Click Press the left mouse button once.Double Click Press the left mouse button twice, in quick

succession.Right Click Press the right mouse button once.Double Right Click Press the right mouse button twice, in quick

succession.

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2.5.2 Keyboard Notation

Keys are displayed with their keyboard label between the “<” and “>” symbols,such as <Esc> (Escape) or <Tab>.

Modifier keys (<Alt>, <Ctrl>, <Shift>) which are pressed along with another keyare also shown between the two symbols < and >. The modifier is separated fromthe other key by a dash. For example, <Ctrl-D> means that both <Ctrl> (theControl key, which is labeled Ctrl) and <D> (the key labeled D) must be pressedsimultaneously.

If modifier key(s) are required, press and hold down the modifier(s) whilepressing and releasing the other key. Then release the modifier key(s).

If two modifier keys are required both are shown within the symbols < >, and areseparated by dashes, as <Ctrl-Shift-Esc>.

Function keys are displayed with an “F” preceding a number: <F1>.

2.5.3 Menu Notation

Menu items are described by the selection sequence that accesses the item. Adash separates items in the sequence. For example, the Save function under theFile menu is written as File – Save.

2.5.4 Window Element Notation

• Window names (in the window title bar) are enclosed in double quotation marks,as “Loop Setup Options”.

• Tab labels are also enclosed in double quotation marks: “Recipes”.• Data-entry-field names use single quotation marks, as in ‘Loop’.• On-screen (virtual) Button captions are enclosed in curly brackets “{ }”.

2.6 Navigating Through Windows

Skip this section if you are very familiar with the Windows Operating System. Thosein need of a review should read on. For more information, consult Microsoft or thirdparty manuals on the use of your operating system.

• The Close Button – this button ( ) exits the program.

• The Maximize/Restore Button – the active window can be set to occupy the entirescreen (maximized) or just a portion of the screen with this button ( ). When thewindow is not maximized, it can be resized with the following steps:

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1. Place the cursor over one of the edges or at the corner of the window until thecursor changes to a double arrowhead.

2. Click the left mouse button and drag the cursor in or out to reduce or enlarge thewindow.

• The Minimize Button –this button ( ) reduces the program window to an icon on thetask bar on the bottom of the screen.

See the sample screen below to locate the Close, Maximize/Restore and Minimizebuttons.

• Shortcut keys are indicated by an underlined character in a menu item.. From theMain Menu, press the <Alt> key along with the shortcut key to open that menu item.While the menu is active, pressing the key associated with the underlined characteris the same as clicking on that menu item. Most of the selection buttons that areused throughout this program also include shortcut keys.

• Many of the windows throughout this program consist of tabbed notebooks. Whenthe window is first opened, one page of the notebook will be active. The rest of thepages will be hidden, but their tabs will be visible at the top or bottom of thewindow. To change pages in these notebooks, click on the tab for the page youwant; that page will become the active screen.

2.7 Reference for Item Naming Conventions

The BioCommand program uses a system of naming items that is described in thissection. Once a display name is given to a recipe or a batch, that name is used toidentify all items belonging to that recipe or batch. The format for these items is:

Minimize

Maximize/Restore

Close

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display name.Bx:item name.y

wheredisplay name is the name given to the recipe or batchx is the number of the batch being useditem name is the functional name for the itemy is the number of the instance of this item

2.7.1 File Naming Conventions

File NameExtension:

Function:

.RCP Recipe Files(contain all information necessary to run a batch)

.BDB Batch Files(contain all logged data, including alerts andalarms and, where appropriate, offline data)

.MDW User Workgroup identification files(indicating recognized Users and their securitylevels)

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New B

33 BBIIOOCCOOMMMMAANNDD IINNSSTTAALLLLAATTIIOONN &&

SSEETT--UUPP

This chapter guides you through initial program installation, configuration andstartup. For system requirements, hardware installation, and instructions on settingup BioCommand workgroups, consult Chapters 14 and 15. This chapter alsointroduces and defines the terms “recipe” and “batch”.

3.1 Workstation Setup

Determine which configuration applies, and follow the bulleted instruction sequence forthat configuration.

3.1.1 Windows 98 Stand-Alone

NOTE:

If you do not know your number, visit the NBS website (www.nbsc.com) toregister your software and to obtain the Product Registration Number.

1. Install BioCommand:a. Start your computer in Windows 98.b. Close all programs possible, including virus detectors, desktop managers,

etc.c. Insert the CD-ROM in the appropriate drive.d. You will be prompted to “Please enter the Product Registration Number”.

Enter the registration number and click on OK.e. Follow the on-screen instructions to run the installation process. Default

values are recommended for file locations.

You will be offered a choice of set-up types:

Typical – As its name indicates, this set-up covers the needs of most users. Compact – An option reserved for future differentiation. Presently identical to Typical. Custom – If add Drivers is checked, the program will load drivers for additional

equipment (i.e., Hartmann Braun Mass Spectrometer, Orbital Mass Spectrometer, NBSGas Sequencer…)

Click on the option button ( ) of your choice.

runswick Scientific User’s Guide

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_____BioCo

2. Connect AFS BioCommand Interface to computer.3. Run NBSServerSetup and select the Comm port and baud rate.4. Start BioCommand and verify communication with connected fermentors.

3.1.2 Windows 98 Workstation on a Windows NT Network

NOTE:


1. Install Microsoft remote registry service.2. Enable remote access to the computer in the control panel – password screen.3. Set network access mode to User-Level Access.4. Grant remote access to the registry to “the world”/everyone.5. Install BioCommand:

a. Start your computer in Windows 98.b. Close all programs possible, including virus detectors, desktop managers,

etc.c. Insert the CD-ROM in the appropriate drive.d. You will be prompted to “Please enter the Product Registration Number”.

Enter the registration number and click on OK.e. Follow the on-screen instructions to run the installation process.

Default values are recommended for file locations.

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6. Start BioCommand and verify communication with connected fermentors.

Windows NT workstation – Networked or Stand-Alone

NOTE:


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1. Make sure Windows NT service pack 5 is installed.2. Install BioCommand:

a. Start your computer in Windows NT. Be sure to log on as a user withAdmin privileges.

b. Close all programs possible, including virus detectors, desktop managers,etc.

c. Insert the CD-ROM in the appropriate drive.d. You will be prompted to “Please enter the Product Registration Number”.

Enter the registration number and click on OK.e. Follow the on-screen instructions to run the installation process.


3.1.4





runswick Scientific User’s Guide

3. If this computer will have an AFS BioCommand Interface attached, connect itnow and run NBSServerSetup to select the correct Comm port and baud rate.

4. Start BioCommand and verify communication with connected fermentors.

Windows 2000 workstation – Networked or Stand-Alone

NOTE:


1. Make sure Windows 2000 service pack 5 is installed.2. Install BioCommand:

a. Start your computer in Windows 2000. Be sure to log on as a user withAdmin privileges.

b. Close all programs possible, including virus detectors, desktop managers,etc.

c. Insert the CD-ROM in the appropriate drive.d. You will be prompted to “Please enter the Product Registration Number”.

Enter the registration number and click on OKe. Follow the on-screen instructions to run the installation process.


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3.2

3.3





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3. If this computer will have an AFS BioCommand Interface attached, connect itnow and run NBSServerSetup to select the correct Comm port and baud rate.

4. Start BioCommand and verify communication with connected fermentors

Starting BioCommand

After BioCommand has been successfully installed on your computer, it may be startedin any of the usual ways, such as:

• From the Start button: Click Start Programs NBS BioCommand 32• From a desktop shortcut: Double click a shortcut previously placed on the desktop

(refer to a Windows manual)• From the Windows Explorer: double click on “BC32.exe” in the NBS folder.

Workgroup Information

The first time that the program is executed, you will be asked to enter a defaultworkgroup file name and location:

Click on {Browse} to locate it:

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Then click on {OK}. The “Select BioCommand Workgroup” window will close.

NOTE:

If this installation of BioCommand is not to be networked, you may use thefile in the BioCommand 32 Install folder created by the setup program.Otherwise, select the workgroup file that was set up for your BioCommandworkgroup. (See also “Creating a BioCommand Workgroup”, Section 15.4)

3.4 Recipes and Batches

The terms Recipe and Batch appear throughout this manual.

A Recipe is a process description that BioCommand uses to control a fermentationprocess. Recipes are created and defined by users. A Recipe is a template that dictateshow the process will proceed. Recipes include initial setpoints for controlled parameterssuch as temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen and others. Recipes may also includeprograms that alter setpoints at certain times or under specified conditions. Other Recipeparameters may include display types, data log interval, alarm and limit values, types ofreports to generate, and even which fermentor operators have authority to alter the recipeitself or the runs derived from it.

Batch refers to a specific fermentation or cell culture run. Every Batch starts from aRecipe. The same Recipe may be used over and over to run several Batches. Once abatch has begun, Recipe dictates may be overridden by those operators grantedappropriate authority for the batch.

3.5 “Starting BioCommand 32” Screen

Whenever you open BioCommand, you will see the “Starting BioCommand 32” screenrepresented below (unless you turn it off):

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This screen offers six options:

• Create a new recipe with Batch Wizard: opens the Wizard which guides you step bystep through recipe creation.

• Open a blank recipe: once you are familiar with BioCommand, you can use thisshortcut to create a recipe, without the Wizard.

• Open an existing recipe: one of several ways to access existing recipes.

• Extract a recipe from a batch: this use of the Batch Wizard will allow you to create arecipe used from a previous batch’s archive file.

• View a batch running elsewhere on the network: this option allows you to look at anybatch that may be running on your network.

• Resume a batch running when BioCommand exited: whether it was a power failure, aPC failure or user error, even though BioCommand was not properly shut down, thiscommand will allow you to resume computer supervision of an active batch.

3.5.1 Turning the “Starting BioCommand 32” Screen Off & On

To prevent the “Starting BioCommand 32” screen from appearing in future runs,click in the white checkbox (“Don’t show this display on start up”), then close thewindow.

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You can turn it back on by selecting File – Start Options from the Main Menu.The “Starting BioCommand 32” screen will open. Click in the box to remove thecheckmark, then close the window (or continue if you wish to use the Wizard).

3.6 Main Menu

The menu items on the main BioCommand screen comprise the Main Menu. Below the MainMenu is the optional Toolbar. Many of the most commonly used functions that are availablefrom the Main Menu or its submenus are available by clicking on the appropriate icon on thistoolbar. When the cursor is placed over an icon, a one- or two-word hint describing thefunction of that icon is displayed for a short time in a small box beneath the icon.

This is the appearance of the Main Screen, under the “Starting BioCommand 32” screen,when the program is started.

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3.7 Main Toolbar

The Toolbar may be toggled off from the View dropdown menu if more screen area forprogram output display is desired. The figure below indicates the function of each icon onthe Toolbar.

What’s This? HELPBatch Wizard

View RecipeNew Recipe

View BatchNew Batch

Copy

PasteDelete

SavePrint

Cut

Standard Windows® functions

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44 CCRREEAATTIINNGG AA RREECCIIPPEE && SSTTAARRTTIINNGG AA

BBAATTCCHH

Follow the steps in this chapter to create a new Recipe (with or withoutthe help of Batch Wizard), start a Batch from that Recipe, and view theBatch status using a Batch Summary display. The Recipe, Batch, andDisplay in this chapter are “minimalist” in that they do not invoke themost powerful or impressive BioCommand capabilities. Nevertheless,performing the steps in this tutorial will impart a feel to the new user forhow the software works and what it does.

To start a Batch you must either specify a previously saved Recipe or create a new one.A Recipe must contain at least the following information:

• A data recording interval• A data log file name• A list of parameters (loops) identified by name and the controller in which they

reside.

Recipes usually contain more than the minimum required information. The Recipe created inthis section is minimal, but it will be expanded in later chapters. The easiest way to create arecipe is to use the Batch Wizard; other methods are discussed in Section 4.3.

4.1 Creating a New Recipe using Batch Wizard

In the “Starting BioCommand 32” screen (see page 15):

1. Click on the white option button next to Create a new recipe with Batch Wizard (if it isnot already selected)

2. Click on {Continue} or, if you change your mind, Click on {Close} to exit BatchWizard.

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If you choose {Continue}, the “BioCommand Batch Wizard Introduction” screenopens:

Notice, too, that the New Recipe Setup screen will also open behind it. You will haveaccess to the Setup screens when you have finished Batch Wizard.

If you do not wish to see this introduction screen when you use Batch Wizard again, clickin the white checkbox next to Skip this screen in the future.

You may use any of the active buttons at the bottom of the screen to obtain help, to canceluse of the wizard, to move back to the previous screen or to move ahead to the next. If abutton is gray, it is inactive for that screen.

3. Click on {Next>} to move ahead. The “BioCommand Batch Wizard – Step 1” screenwill appear:

21


The default name for the recipe, which appears in the edit box, is Recipe1.

4. If you wish to keep this name, simply click on {Next>}. This is the name that willappear on the bottom Recipe tab in the Setup view when you finish Batch Wizard. It willalso appear in the title bar of all windows associated with this recipe.

5. If you wish to rename the recipe, enter the new name in the edit box. You may use up to12 alphanumeric characters, including spaces. Then click on {Next>}. The“BioCommand Batch Wizard – Step 2” screen will appear:

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6. Click on the {Select Loops>>} button. The “Add/Change Hardware Loop List” windowwill appear:

7. If the loops you wish to include in your recipe are directly connected to this PC via aBioCommand I/F module, click on the {Browse Local Server} button. Wait a momentwhile BioCommand searches. The available controller(s) will appear in the left“Available Loops” pane.

8. If the loops you wish to include in your recipe are elsewhere in your network, click on the{Browse Network Servers} button. You may need help from your MIS staff to determinewhere your networked controller is located.

9. Click on the + next to the controller(s) of interest to see the drop-down list of availableloops.

10. If you wish to select all loops from a controller, click on the controller name, then clickon the {>>} button. The controller name (and all its associated loops) will move into theright, “Loops in Batch” pane.

11. If you wish to select one loop at a time, click on the loop name, then click on the {>>}button. The loop name will move into the “Loops in Batch” pane.

12. When your selections are complete, click on {Close}. You will return to the Step 2Batch Wizard screen.

23


13. Click on {Next>}. The “BioCommand Batch Wizard – Step 3” screen will appear:

You must assign a ‘Recipe File Name’, which is both a file name and its folder location.Note that every recipe must be assigned the extension .RCP which marks it as a recipe.

14. Click on the {Change Directory/Name} button.

15. The “BioCommand 32 Save Files” window will open:

16. If this recipe should be available to your network, click now in the check box next toShared over the network.

17. To see existing File Name/Folder strings, click on the down arrow ( ) to the right of the‘File’ edit box.

18. Click on an existing File Name/Folder string to bring it into the edit box as a pattern.You can type over it to create your new name. This will not affect the existing File Namein any way.

24___________________________________________________________


19. If you wish to find other folders, click on the {Browse} button. The screen that appearswill allow you to explore possibilities (in network if shared, or in your own PC if not),just as you would with any other Windows® -based exploration tool.

20. Create a new one based on this example. Be sure to follow the pattern:Drive:\FolderName\FileName.RCP (the example shown on the Step 3 screen above isC:\BC32\BioRcp2.RCP). Normal Windows® file-naming conventions apply.

NOTE: All recipe file names must have the extension “.RCP”.

• Click on {OK}. Your selection will move into the ‘Recipe File name’ edit box.

NOTE:When a recipe will be shared over the network, the file name must followthe pattern: \\ComputerName\FolderName\FileName.RCP

21. Click on {Next>}. The “BioCommand Batch Wizard – Step 4” screen will appear:

22. After you have read this screen, click on {Next>}. The “BioCommand Batch Wizard –Finished!” screen will appear:

25


23. Click on {Finish}. You will see the final Batch Wizard screen, called “Recipe Created”:

24. Click on {OK}. You will now be in the Setup View for the Recipe you have justcreated.

At this point, you have a very basic recipe that is sufficient to start a batch. If you areready to do so, see Section 4.4, Starting a Batch, for further instructions. If you wish toadd any or all of the additional features mentioned in Step 4 of the Batch Wizard, seeSection 4.2, Expanding a Basic Recipe, below.

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4.2 Expanding a Basic Recipe

At any time (before you start a batch or while a batch is running), you can expand arecipe using any or all of the features below, which are also mentioned in Step 4 of theBatch Wizard:

• Change the logging interval See Section 11.1.4, Time Data Pane• Set the Elapsed Fermentation Time format See Section 11.1.4, Time Data Pane• Add Alarm and Alert settings See Section 7• Select parameters for trend views See Section 5.1• Design synoptic views See Section 5.3• Set up control programs See Section 6• Set security access levels for other users See Section 9• Modify the hardware loop list See Sections 4.3.2 and 11.1.5

4.3 Alternative Methods to Create a New Recipe

There are a number of ways to create a recipe. The easiest is to use the Batch Wizard, asoutlined in Section 4.1. You can also create the recipe without the Wizard, directly fromthe “New Recipe Startup” screen. There are several ways to access the Wizard, andseveral other ways to access the “New Recipe Startup” screen.

4.3.1 How to Access Batch Wizard

There are two ways to open the Batch Wizard:

• On start-up, from the “Starting BioCommand32” screen, click on Create a newrecipe with Batch Wizard

• From the Main menu, click on the Batch Wizard icon.

4.3.2 How to Access the New Recipe Startup Screen

There are three ways to open the “New Recipe Startup” screen:

• From the “Starting BioCommand 32” screen , click on Open a blank recipe, thenclick on {Continue}:

27


• Select File - New Recipe from the Main Menu.

• Click on the New Recipe icon on the toolbar.

After any of the above actions, the “New Recipe Setup” screen will appear:

1. Click in the ‘Display (Tab) Name:’ edit box and type the display name for this recipe.The name may be any combination of up to 12 alphanumeric characters and spaces.

28___________________________________________________________


The ‘Owner’ name is assigned to the logged-on user creating this Recipe and may notbe changed.

2. Click inside the ‘Description:’ edit box and enter descriptive text as desired. ThisDescription may be any combination of alphanumerics, spaces, and punctuationmarks.

3. The default Log Interval is one minute. To change the interval, click the {ChangeInterval} button in the ‘Time Data’ pane. Enter the desired Log Interval in wholeminutes in the edit box, or choose a preset interval from the dropdown list.

4. Select the Time Display Format, either HH:MM:SS (Hours : Minutes : Seconds) orDecimal Hours, by clicking in the appropriate circle. Decimal format is convenientfor mathematical processing.

5. Click on the “Loops” tab. The “Add/Change Hardware Loop List” window appears.This window allows you to select loops from any of the attached controllers. Usuallyall the loops from a single fermentor are selected. You may choose to include loopsfrom ancillary equipment, such as a gas analyzer or scale.

29


6. Either click the {Browse Local Server} button if the desired controllers are connecteddirectly to the present workstation via an AFS-BioCommand Interface, or click the{Browse Network Server} button if the controllers of interest are networked to thepresent workstation. If they are networked, you may need help from your MISexperts to locate them.

Controllers that are accessible to BioCommand appear in the field labeled “Available Loops”. Inthe sample screeen below, loops from two local controllers and one networked controller areavailable for this recipe:

30___________________________________________________________


7. To display the individual loops associated with each controller, click on the “+” boxto the left of the controller name. The list expands as shown below:

8. Pressing the {>>} button moves selected loops from the “Available Loops” pane tothe “Loops in Batch” pane. Click on a controller name and then click on the{>>}button to include all the loops from that controller in your recipe, or select anindividual loop from the expanded list and click on the {>>} button to include thatloop in your recipe. Continue until all desired loops are in the right pane of thiswindow.

9. Use the {<<} button to move loops from the “Loops in Batch:” list back to the backto the “Available Loops” list, if necessary.

10. When all the desired loops are in the “Loops in Batch:” list, click {Close}. TheLoops page of the Setup View reappears.

31


11. The “Current Loops” pane shows the selected loops. On the left of each line is theloop name as transmitted to BioCommand by the controller. On the right is completeloop data in the format [Server Name\Controller Name\Loop Name].

You may change any default loop name to a display name containing a maximum of 10characters. You may also enter an initial setpoint for each loop in the Recipe. Both ofthese options are executed through the “Loop Setup Options” window.

12. Click on the {View loop details} button. The Loop Setup Options window will open:

A. Select the loop from the pull-down menu.B. Enter a new display name, if desired.C. Enter a setpoint, if desired.D. Click {Apply}.E. Repeat these last four steps for each loop to be changed

13. Click {OK} to return to the Loops tab of the “New Recipe Setup” window.

The Recipe is now sufficiently complete to start a Batch. Many other Recipe functions areavailable, but they are not necessary to start a Batch. They will be covered in latersections (see Section 4.2 for a cross-reference guide of the most popular features).

Before you start a Batch, however, you need to save the Recipe:

1. Click {Save}. The “BioCommand 32 Save Files” window will open.

2. Enter a file name in the File edit box, identifying the drive, folder, name, andextension. Click on the down arrow for sample file names (note that the File extensionmust be .RCP and that your default recipe folder is BC32). A typical file name mightbe C:\BC32\Recipe1.RCP.

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3. Click {OK}. The “New Recipe Setup” screen re-appears.

4. Click the {Save} button. At this point you can either close the Recipe window or starta Batch from this recipe.

5. If you opt to close, the “Save Changes” window will open. Click on {Yes}.

4.4 Starting A Batch

Before starting a Batch, prepare the fermentor. Be certain that these steps have beentaken:

• The fermentor and controller are powered on.• There is media in the vessel.• All appropriate liquid and/or gas addition systems are attached to vessel.• The vessel, media and liquid addition systems have been sterilized as required.• The probes have been calibrated.• All ancillary equipment has been connected, powered on and tested.

Any other procedures that need to be performed prior to starting a culture should becompleted before starting computer supervision and control.

Most users prefer to start the Batch in BioCommand before inoculating. Doing sosufficiently in advance establishes correct growth conditions according to the Recipe, andenables confirmation of data logging and other functions before growth begins. TheElapsed Fermentation Time clock can be reset to zero when inoculation or any otherbiologically significant event occurs.

4.4.1 Selecting a Recipe

To start a Batch, you first need a Recipe. There are several ways to select thedesired recipe:

(1) “Starting BioCommand 32” Screen

A. Click on Open an existing recipe (see screen below):

33


B. Click on {Continue}. The “Select File to Open” screen will appear (seesample screen below). You will also notice the “View Recipe Setup”screen shadowed behind it.

C. Click on the recipe of interest (in the above sample there is only onerecipe, Example1.RCP).

D. Click on {Open}. The “Select File to Open” screen will disappear, andyour selected recipe will be displayed in the “View Recipe Setup” screen.You will be able to verify the recipe parameters by cycling through thetabs. If you wish to modify the recipe, and you have the appropriateauthorization level, see Section 11.1 for more information.

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E. Continue in Section 4.4.2 below.

(2) Main Screen File Menu – New Batch

Click on File, then New Batch from the dropdown menu. The “Select File toOpen” screen will open (see sample above), with the “New Recipe Setup” screenshadowed behind it.

(3) Main Screen Toolbar – New Batch Icon

Click on the New Batch Icon. The “Select File to Open” screen will appear (seesample above), with the “New Recipe Setup” screen shadowed behind it.

(4) “Starting BioCommand 32” Screen to Extract Recipe

This option is handy if you know the Batch File Name but not the Recipe File Name.

A. Click on Extract a recipe from a batch and then click on {Continue}. The“Select File to Open” screen will appear, with the “View Recipe Setup”screen shadowed behind it. Note that this “Select File to Open” screen willshow all available Batch files (*.BDB), instead of recipe files (*.RCP). Seesample screen below:

35


B. Select the Batch file of interest, then click on {Open}.C. The “View Recipe Setup” screen will open, displaying the recipe (and its

parameters) from the selected batch.D. Verify the parameters by cycling through the tabs of this screen.

Now that you have selected a Recipe, if you wish to modify parameters for the newbatch, and if you have the appropriate authority level, you may do so at this time. SeeSection 11.1 for more information. Note that changing parameters for a Batch doesnot alter the Recipe file.

4.4.2 Starting the Batch

1. When you are satisfied with the parameters and ready to start the Batch, click the{Start Batch} button. The “Batch Display Name” screen appears:

2. Choose a Batch display name and click OK.

3. The “BioCommand 32 Save Files” window will open:

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4. To see existing File Name/Folder strings, click on the down arrow ( ) to theright of the ‘File’ edit box.

5. Click on an existing File Name/Folder string to bring it into the edit box as apattern. Type over it to create a unique name for the Batch datafile. This will notaffect the existing File Name in any way.

6. If this file should be available to your network, click in the check box next toShared over the network.

NOTE: All batch file names must have the extension “.BDB”.

A batch tab with the suffix letter “B” and the previously selected Batch Display Nameappears at the bottom of the BioCommand screen. Use this tab to select which Batch toview when several are running.

The batch is now running, as indicated by the ‘Current EFT’ (Elapsed FermentationTime) clock running in the Setup screen.

4.5 Batch Summary View

You can view a text summary of current Batch status by calling up the Batch SummaryView. BioCommand enables many other displays, including synoptic views, trend graphs,bar graphs, etc., but these must first be specified on the Views page of the Recipe or Batchsetup screens before they are available for use in the batch. (See Sections 5 and 6 forinformation on other views.)

The Batch Summary view is available by default in all recipes.

There are several ways to display the Batch Summary View:

37


(1) From the Setup window, click on the Batch name tab at the bottom of the BioCommand screen.

(2) From the Main Menu, select View – Batch Summary.

(3) From the Setup window, click on the Views tab, then double click on Batch Summary in the ‘Current Views’ pane.

The Batch Summary view will open (see sample screen below).

Place your cursor on any edge of the window. When the double-headed arrow (↔↔↔↔)appears, drag the edge to open the screen more fully.

Batch Summary View Column HeadingsColumn Heading Description

Loop Loop NameCV Current Value of loopUnits Measuring Units for Current ValueSP Loop SetpointOU Controller Output for loopMode Control Mode for loop

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39


55 IINNTTRROODDUUCCTTIIOONN TTOO BBAATTCCHH VVIIEEWWSS

In BioCommand, trend graphs, bar gauges and the Batch Summary displaycombine with BioCommand synoptic display elements to form a virtually limitlessnumber of possible process viewing screens. Master the easy BioCommanddisplay tools, and you can create informative, convenient, appropriate displays,customized to your hardware and process.

5.1 Trend Views

A Trend View is a line graph of fermentation data plotted against time. You mayselect up to 8 different data items to plot in real time while the Batch is running.Each data item is displayed in a unique color so that the plots may be easilydistinguished from each other. A different vertical scale may be assigned to eachplot.

A Trend View can be specified in the Recipe Setup window, or added to the Batchview after the Batch is running. To create a simple Trend View:

1. From the main menu, select File-View Recipe, or click on the View Recipe icon.2. Select the Recipe of choice.3. From the recipe Setup window, select the Views tab (see sample screen below):

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4. Double-click on Trend in the ‘New Views:’ pane to open the Trend window,which will look like the sample screen below:

5. Select the “Loops” tab in the control panel at the bottom of the window. Thischanges the control panel to the ControlLoop selection screen, as illustratedbelow:

6. Click on the {Setup Loop1} button to open the “Select Loop” list. These are theavailable loops that have been specified for this recipe:

41


7. Click on the loop that is desired for the first plot and then click the {OK} button.This will add the loop name to the ‘ControlLoop’ window. Click on the {>>}button to change the control panel to Setup Loop2. This procedure may berepeated for as many loops as you want to plot, up to a total of 8.

8. Select the “Graphs” tab on the control panel for the Trend View. The controlpanel will change to a screen as shown below.

This allows you to set the high and low limits on the y-axis for each data item that isto be plotted. Normal Windows editing techniques will allow any of the numericalparameters to be changed.

You may also edit the Start and End times for the Trend View. Note, however, thatchanging either time value will change the value for all parameters plotted.

9. Click on the {>>} and {<<} buttons to step through the selected loops.

10. Click on the “Styles” tab on the control panel to open a window, as shown below,that allows the line and plot style for each loop to be set.

The default for each plot is a point-to-point thin line. This may be changed to athicker line and to any of the styles shown in the view above. To change the style:

A. Click on the option button next to the desired style and thickness.B. The {<<} and {>>} buttons may be used to step through the loops to set the

parameters for each.

This completes the design of this simple Trend View. To save it:

11. Right click with the cursor anywhere in the gray area of the lower screen (oneither side of the control panel).

12. Select Save View from the dropdown menu to save the Trend View you havecreated.

42___________________________________________________________


13. Close the window to add this view to the Recipe. It will appear in the‘Current Views’ pane the next time you return to the “Views” tab.

NOTE:If the trend graph was entered as part of the New Recipe or View Recipefunction, the trend graph will be available to all batches initiated fromthe recipe.

If it was entered from a Batch function, then the trend graph will beavailable only in the present Batch.

5.2 Using the Trend Graph

When the Trend View is onscreen, the “Main” tab should be selected on the controlpanel. This will present a screen on the control panel with 8 display windows on it.Each window, as illustrated in the sample screen below, will display a loop name inthe color of the plot, as long as the cursor is outside the plot area.

If the cursor is moved inside the plot area (i.e., onto the graph), each of thesewindows will display the current value for the loop, as illustrated below:

If the Batch is not running, these values will all be 0 (as indicated in the samplescreen above).

43


When the view is first entered, the left y-axis will display the name, color and scalefor Loop1, and the right y-axis will be named, colored and scaled for Loop2. In theabove sample, Loop1 (Agit1) is on the left, and Loop2 (pH1) is on the right.

Clicking on the loop name on the control panel “Main” tab will shift these labels.With each click the new loop label will replace the current label, first on the left side,then the right side. It will alternate with each succeeding click.

You can change the Trend View to show a larger graph area by clicking anywhere onthe gray areas of the view. The control panel will reduce to colored buttons, eachrepresenting its assigned loop. Click again in the gray area to return to the tabbedcontrol panel.

There are many other features available in Trend Views. See Chapter 12, Creatingand Editing Views, for details.

5.3 Creating Synoptic Views

Synoptic Views pictorially represent the physical layout of a fermentation system.Create a synoptic view by using a toolbar to position icons of fermentation systemcomponents in the display space. Beside these icons, you can place data values andlabels that describe the system and the status of the Batch.

To create a synoptic view:

1. From the main menu, select File-View Recipe, or click on the View Recipe icon.Select a recipe you created previously.

NOTE:You can also create synoptic views while a Batch is running, from theSetup screen.

2. Select the Views tab. This page shows the currently defined views in the leftpane. It shows views that can be defined in the right pane.

3. Double-clicking on Synoptic in the ‘New Views:’ pane opens the Synopticwindow.

4. A Toolbar appears at the right side of the screen when this window opens and anew item, Synoptic, is added to the Main Screen menu items, as shown below:

44___________________________________________________________


5. Select Synoptic – Design Mode from this menu. A check mark appears besideDesign Mode in the menu and a grid of dots appears on the Synoptic designscreen:

6. Select the vessel icon from the Toolbar (see Section 12.3 for details on theSynoptic View Toolbar) or select Synoptic – Gauges – Vessel from the MainMenu.

7. When you move the cursor onto the synoptic screen, a rectangle will be attachedto the cursor arrow.

8. Move this rectangle to the desired location on the screen and click the left mousebutton to anchor the vessel icon (see sample screen below with vessel icon).

45


As illustrated above, the default label “Vessel” appears with this icon. To change itto an NBS fermentor name:

A. Double-click on the label (“Vessel”).

B. Click on the down arrow (�) that appears, to pull down a list of the standard NBS Fermentation System names (see sample below).

C. Select the desired name by clicking on it.

D. To enter a custom label, type in the new name and press <Enter>.

E. If necessary, you can right-click on this label to use the Delete function.

F. To enable Agitation via this Synoptic View, right click on the Vessel icon to access the pop-up menu. Select Properties, then select Agit from the Loop Select Window, then click {OK}. “Agit = X” (“X” is the current value) will appear in the Vessel icon edit box next to the image of the impellers.

A Faceplate is a bar graph display of the Setpoint (‘SP’), Current Value (‘CV’), andOutput Level (‘OU’) for any loop in the recipe.

9. Select the faceplate icon on the Toolbar (see Section 12.3 for details on theSynoptic View Toolbar) or select Synoptic – Gauges – Faceplate from the MainMenu.

Moving the cursor onto the synoptic screen will show a rectangle attached to thecursor arrow.

10. Move the rectangle to the desired location on the screen.

11. Click the left mouse button to place the faceplate icon there.

12. Click on the bar at the bottom of the faceplate with the right mouse button to opena submenu.

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13. Click on Properties.

14. The “Select Loop” window will open, showing a list of the loops available for thisRecipe.

15. Click on the desired loop name.

16. Click on the {OK} button.

17. The bottom bar will turn red, and will also display the name of the loop youchose:

The above sample shows no active information because no batch is running.When a Batch is running, the Setpoint (SP), Current Value (CV), and Output Level(OU) will be displayed as bar graphs. The top of the display will show the actualvalue for the loop setpoint, current value, or output level--whichever option button isselected just below it. It will also identify the control mode for the loop.

The submenu that appears when you right click the loop label bar allows you tochange the setpoint: select Setpoint Change to open the “Change Setpoint / ControlMode” window.

You can click on the scale end values for each parameter to change the bar graphrange to values more appropriate to the expected data range. The figure below showsthe Setpoint and Current Value ranges changed for an agitation speed loop:

47


The Setpoint and the Current Value scales were changed from 0-100 to 0-1000.

Now add a Flowmeter to the display:

18. Select a Flowmeter from either the menu or the Toolbar (see Section 12.3 fordetails on the Synoptic View Toolbar).

19. Place it at an appropriate location on the Synoptic screen; click to anchor it.

20. Right-click on this icon to open a submenu.

21. Select Properties.

22. The “Select Loop” window will open.

23. Select the loop that this icon will represent. The name and current value of theselected loop is displayed above the icon:

Now draw a line to connect the flowmeter to the vessel in this simple synopticdisplay:

1. Select Synoptic – Lines – Draw Lines from the Main Menu, or click on the DrawLines icon ( ) on the Toolbar.

2. Move the cursor onto Synoptic View screen: it will change to a + shape.

3. Place the cursor at the inside edge of the flowmeter, then click the left mousebutton.

4. Move the cursor toward the vessel icon. As you draw the line, it will be dashed,not solid, until you anchor it.

5. You may only draw straight lines. If you need to change directions, click the leftmouse button at the end of the line (the dashed line will change to a solid line),then continue drawing in the new direction. Note that you may only make rightangles.

6. Double-click to anchor the end of the connecting line.

7. Double-click on a blank area of the screen to end the Draw Lines function.

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NOTE:A line may be drawn only between an output and an input (or viceversa), not between two outputs or two inputs.

Change the Synoptic View to Run Mode:

1. Click on the Design Mode icon on the toolbar or select Synoptic – Design Modefrom the Main Menu.

2. Close the Synoptic View window.

3. The Recipe Setup window will list a new Synoptic view.

The above procedure has created a very simple Synoptic View for the Batch being run,as shown below:

Note that in this sample, the Faceplate gauge identifies the Agitation loop’s CurrentValue (selected by option button) as 600 and the Control Mode as PID at the top ofthe icon. It also displays current values for all three parameters in the bar graphs.The Flowmeter, which is connected to the Vessel by a short line, identifies Air Flowat a Current Value of 40. The animation feature of this view will show the impellersturning in the vessel.

For further information on the features available in Synoptic Views, see Chapter 12on Creating and Editing Views.

49


66 CCRREEAATTIINNGG PPRROOGGRRAAMMSS

BioCommand has powerful programming tools that can alter setpointsautomatically at specified times, or when specified culture conditions are met.Programs are useful for implementing feeding strategies, inducing proteinproduction through temperature shifts or chemical additions, and generallyrelieving the operator of having to be present in order to carry out a protocol.

Programs can also calculate values that are not directly measured by probes.For example, from agitation RPM, the linear speed of the impeller tip can becalculated, logged, displayed and otherwise utilized in the same ways as adirectly measured loop value.

Programming tools include:

• Time Profile Functions, which change setpoints as prescribed by the user according toelapsed fermentation time

• Logical and mathematical “function blocks”, which are graphic elements with uniquefunctions such as add, assign a setpoint, compare values, and calculate a value, among others.

• User-Defined Function blocks, programmed by the user in the BASIC programminglanguage.

Programs are created and edited through a “Program View”. Access a new Program View fromthe View tab of the “Recipe Setup” screen.

Any or all of the programming tools are combined in a diagram that comprises a Program View.Lines connect program elements, indicating the sequence in which various functions areperformed.

Once a program is running, the Program View can be closed or even deleted without affectingprogram operation. (A deleted Program View can be recreated from batch data using the“Extract a recipe from a batch” option in the “Starting BioCommand32” screen, accessed byselecting File—Start Options from the Main Menu.)

Every running program is automatically reevaluated every 10 seconds. This means forexample that a simple program that adds a constant to a setpoint will cause that same constant tobe added repeatedly, resulting in a (nearly) continuous increase in setpoint.

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6.1 How to Create a Program

6.1.1 Open the Program View Window

There are two ways to access the Program View window:

(1) If you are in the main menu, Select Views - New Program

(2) If you are in the Recipe Setup screen:

A. Click on the Views tab. You will see the current defined views in the left paneand the new views that can be created in the right pane.

B. Double click on Program in the ‘New Views:’ (right) pane.

When the Program View window opens, a special Toolbar appears at the right side of thescreen (see sample below), and Program appears as a new Main Menu item.

Elements to be used in the program may be obtained by clicking on the appropriatetoolbar icon or by selecting them from the Program menu.

Here are the Program View Toolbar icons:

Constant

User-Defined Loop

Subtract

Divide

Reciprocal

Natural Log

Limit

Change sign

Time Profile

Comment

Set

Logical OR

Exclusive OR

Select Items

Input

Setpoint Output

Add

Multiply

Absolute Value

Exponential

Square Root

Totalizer

User-Defined Function

PWM Output

IF

Logical AND

Logical Complement

Draw Lines

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6.1.2 Example: Automatic Glucose Feed-on-Demand

This simple program relies on a sudden increase in dissolved oxygen to trigger theaddition of glucose through the pump called FEED1. This sample is typical ofprograms that use IF-THEN logic. When some condition is met, such programschange one or more setpoints. In this case, the condition is that dissolved oxygen(which presumably has a setpoint of 30%) spikes to a value greater than 40%. Thiscauses the FEED1 pump setpoint to change from 0% to 100% until the DO is restoredto less than 40%, at which time the pump setpoint returns to zero.

In order for this program to work, the depletion of glucose must result in a suddendecrease in oxygen demand. Also, the control system response must be slower thanthe decrease in oxygen demand. Triggers should be tested for validity; do not simplyassume they will work.

Follow the following steps to set up the simple program shown above:

1. Position and configure the ‘If’ control block:

a. Use the mouse to select the ‘If’ icon from the toolbar. (Pausing the cursor onan icon calls up its name.) The cursor changes to indicate the selected icon.Position an ‘If’ function block in the workspace by clicking at the locationshown in the diagram above.

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b. Double click on the ‘If’ control block in the workspace to open the “SetControl Block Parameters” dialogue box.

c. Click on the upper Lp>> option button, to open the “Select Loop” dialoguebox (see below). Select DO2 1 and CV (Current Value). Click on {OK} toreturn to the “Set Control Block Parameters” dialogue box.

d. Click on the lower Const option button, and type 40 in the adjacent field.Select the greater than symbol (>). Click on {OK} to complete theconfiguration of the ‘If’ block.

CV OPTION

DO2 1 LoopName

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2. Position and configure the ‘Set’ control block:

a. Use the mouse to select the ‘Set’ icon from the toolbar. The cursor changes toindicate the selected icon. Position the ‘Set’ block in the workspace byclicking at the location shown in the diagram below.

b. Double click on the ‘Set’ function block to open the “Set Control BlockParameters” dialogue box (see below). Select the Const option for the ‘True’field, and type the constant 100 in the ‘True’ field. Select the Const option forthe ‘False’ field, and type the constant 0 in the ‘False’ field.

c. Click on {OK} to complete the configuration of the ‘Set’ block.

3. Position and configure the ‘Setpt’ (Setpoint) control block:

a. Use the mouse to select the ‘Spt’ icon from the toolbar. The cursor changes toindicate the selected icon. Position the block in the workspace by clicking atthe location shown in the diagram.

b. Double click on the ‘Setpt’ icon to open the “Select Loop” dialogue box.

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c. Select the ‘Feed 1’ loop. Click on {OK}. “Feed 1” appears in the ‘Setpt’control block.

4. Connect the control blocks:

a. Select the ‘Draw Lines’ icon (➙) on the toolbar, then click inside the rightborder of the ‘If’ block, move the mouse to inside the left border of the ‘Set’block, and click again. This draws a line between the two blocks. If the lineis not sufficiently straight, adjust the vertical position of one of the boxes bychoosing Program – Move Block. Drag the block until the line is straight.

b. In similar fashion, connect the ‘Set’ block to the ‘Setpt’ block.

5. Click on the ‘Select Items’ icon ( ), bottom right on the toolbar, to end the ‘DrawLines’ function and to return the cursor to its normal function.

6. If the batch is active, right click on the ‘Setpt’ oval and select ‘Run’ from the pop-up menu. The oval changes from red to green to indicate it is running.

7. To save the program before you close it, right click on the white space in theprogram view. Select ‘Save View’ from the pop-up menu (see sample screenbelow).

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The next time you open the Views tab, this program (automatically numbered byBioCommand) will appear in the ‘Current Views:’ pane:

The program could be enhanced by adding an Elapsed Fermentation Time condition.By requiring that the EFT be greater than, let us say, 10 hours, initially high values ofdissolved oxygen—typical of low cell density—will be ignored.

Another possibility is to include a time profile, so that when it is triggered the pumpwill run at prescribed setpoints for specified times.

6.1.3 Example: Calculation of Impeller Tip Speed

Some programs change setpoints, others calculate values that are not amenable todirect measurement. This is an example of a program that applies a calculation toarrive at a result.

The linear speed (in centimeters/second) of the tip of the agitation impeller iscalculated from agitation RPM and the diameter of the impeller. The value could beuseful for scale-up considerations with shear-sensitive cultures.

Tip speed is a multiplication: the rotational speed multiplied by the impeller diameter(in centimeters) multiplied by the constant π (3.142). Since the rotational speed isreported to BioCommand in revolutions per minute, it must be divided by 60 (thenumber of seconds per minute) to convert it to revolutions per second. The generalformula for this calculation is:

TIPSPD = (RPM/60) x diameter x π

Using a diameter of 7.5 cm and a value of 3.142 for π, the equation becomes:

NewProgram

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TIPSPD = (RPM/60) x 7.5 x 3.142

To draw the program that calculates this equation, which looks like this:

do the following:

1. Position and configure the ‘Input’ control block:

a. Use the mouse to select the ‘In’ (Input) icon from the toolbar (you can alsoselect Program – Elements In/Out Input from the Main Menu). Positionthe ‘In’ function block in the upper left corner of the workspace, click tosecure it in place. It becomes an oval control block.

b. Double click on the ‘Input’ control block to open the “Select Loop” screen.Select the CV (Current Value) option and select Agit 1. Click on {OK}. The‘Input’ block is now labeled “Agit1.CV”.

2. Position and configure three ‘Constant’ control blocks:

a. Use the mouse to select the ‘k’ (Constant) icon on the toolbar (or selectProgram – Elements In/Out Constant from the Main Menu). Positionthe function block under the ‘Input’ block.

b. Double click on the ‘Const’ block to open the “BioCommand DiagramEditor” dialogue box.

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c. Type 7.5 in the edit box, and click on the {OK} button. 7.5 appears in the‘Const’ block.

d. Repeating step a, import a second ‘Const’ block, and then a third, aligningthem under each other, beneath the first ‘Const’.

e. Repeat step b to open the “Diagram Editor” dialogue box for the secondconstant block. Enter 3.142 and click on {OK}.

f. Repeat the same step for the third constant block. Enter 60 and click on{OK}.

3. Position and configure the ‘User Loop’ result block:

a. Use the mouse to select the ‘Usr’ (User-Defined Loop) icon on the toolbar.Position the ‘Usr’ function block on the workspace, far right, halfway betweenthe first and second ‘Const’ blocks.

b. Double click on the ‘UserLp’ result block in the workspace to open the“BioCommand Diagram Editor” dialogue box. Type “TIPSPD” in the editbox. Click on {OK}. The User Loop result block is now labeled“TIPSPD.CV”.

Now you have one input, three constants, and one result. They must be connectedmathematically to make the equation work:

4. Add the mathematical functions:

a. Use the mouse to select the multiplication x icon on the toolbar (or selectProgram – Elements Math Functions Multiply from the Main Menu).Place the icon between, and to the right of, the ‘Input’ block and the first‘Const’ block.

b. Place a second multiplication icon between, and to the right of, the first twoConstant ovals, aligning it with the ‘UserLp’ block.

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c. In similar fashion, place a division ÷ icon to the right of the second multiplier,aligned with the left edge of the ‘UserLp’ block.

d. Use the ‘Draw Lines’ tool ( ) to draw a line from the right edge of the‘Input’ block to just above the middle of the first multiplication icon. Leftclick to set the line, then continue drawing down to connect with the top of themultiplier. (Note that all turns when you draw lines are right angles.) Leftclick to set the line.

e. In the same manner, draw a line from the right edge of the first ‘Const’ blockto connect to the bottom of the multiplier. You have now told the program tomultiply the Agit1 current value input by the constant 7.5 (the impellerdiameter).

f. Draw a line to connect the right edge of the first multiplier to the top of thesecond multiplier, and add a line to connect the right edge of the third ‘Const’block to the bottom of the second multiplier. Completing this tells theprogram to multiply the result of the first multiplication by the constant 3.142(π).

g. Now draw a line to connect the right edge of the second multiplier (the resultof the second multiplication) to the left edge of the division icon. Add a linefrom the right edge of the third ‘Const’ block to the bottom of the divisionicon. These connections tell the program to divide the result of the secondmultiplication (impeller centimeters traveled per minute) by the constant 60(seconds per minute).

h. Draw a final line from the right edge of the division icon to the left edge of the‘UserLp’ result block. This tells the program that the result of the entireequation will be the current value of impeller tip speed.

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The ‘UserLp’ block is red (and is marked OFF) because the program is initially off.

To turn it on:

1. Left click on the ‘UserLp’ icon. A red border appears around it. Select Program– Run from the Main Menu. The “Run Control Diagram” window opens:

If you wish, enter a description of the program and/or a comment about itsfunction in this window.

2. Click on the {Run} button. In the program view, the ‘UserLp’ block is now greenand says ON.

3. Save the program before you close it:

a. Right click on the white space in the program view.

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b. Select Save View from the pop-up menu.

The next time you open the Views tab, this program (automatically numbered byBioCommand) will be listed in the ‘Current Views’ pane:

6.1.4 How to Stop a Program

When a program is running, there is only one way to stop it:

1. In the Batch Setup screen, click on the Views tab.

2. In the ‘Current Views:’ pane, double click on the program name.

For further information on the features available on Program Views, see Section 12 onCreating and Editing Views. As you have seen, using this simple graphic procedure,calculations may very easily be entered into process control.

6.2 User-Defined Loops

The Program View function may also be used to create custom programs that may beused as loops in other portions of the program. Any User-Defined loop created in a andsaved in a custom program will automatically appear on all loop lists that are a part of theRecipe or Batch being operated on.

PreviousProgram

NewProgram

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6.2.1 How to Create a User-Defined Loop

Follow the steps outlined in section 6.1.3 above to create a User-Defined Loop. Usethe program view to create the rest of the program in which this new loop will be anelement.

6.3 More Program Functions

For additional information about creating and editing programs, about program functionsand about program icons, see Chapter 12.

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77 SSEETTTTIINNGG AALLAARRMMSS && AALLEERRTTSS

BioCommand allows you to enter two sets of high and low limits for any or all ofthe loops in the Recipe. One set is “Alert” limits, to inform you that a data valuehas exceeded or dropped below normal range. The second set is “Alarm” limits,to inform you when a loop value has passed into a dangerous range. When analert limit has been reached, the display tab at the bottom of the screen turnsyellow to signal you that an alert has been generated. When a value enters analarm range, the tab turns red. There is also an easily accessible AlarmSummary report that displays any activity beyond the limits you set.

7.1 Setting Alarms

1. From a Recipe or Batch Setup screen, click on the “Alarms” tab.

NOTE:First you must select the loops for the Recipe. These settings may bemade as part of the Recipe or added to a Batch while it is running.

If a batchIs notrunning,this buttonwill belabeledStart Batch

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The Alarms window has two tabs on the bottom, “Current Alarm Settings” and“Current Alert Settings”. This window always opens with the Alarm page active.

To set an alarm for this Recipe:

2. In the first row of the ‘Loop Name’ column, click on the down arrow (�). Asubmenu will open with a list of the loops available for this Recipe:

3. Double-click on the desired loop. That loop name will then appear in the ‘LoopName’ box.

4. Click, in the same row, the box immediately to the right of the loop name, under‘Alarm Type’. A down arrow (�) will appear at the right side of the box.

5. Click the down arrow to open submenu of two selections for the alarm trigger:Absolute or Setpoint Deviation.

• Double-click on Absolute to generate an alarm if the actual Current Value forthe selected loop exceeds or drops below the absolute limit parameters youset, independent of Setpoint.

• Double-click on Setpoint Deviation to generate an alarm if the actual CurrentValue for the selected loop exceeds or drops below the setpoint tolerance youset. The submenu will close and the alarm type you have chosen will appearin the ‘Alarm Type’ box:

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6. Next, enter, in the appropriate edit boxes, the numeric value for the Low (‘Lo’)Limit and the High (‘Hi’) Limit that will govern the alarm function:

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The availability of the alarm function for each loop may be turned on or offindependently at any time:

1. In the row corresponding to the desired loop, click under the ‘On/Off’ heading. Adown arrow (�) will appear to the right.

2. Click on the down arrow to open the submenu:

3. Double-click ‘On’ to activate the alarm, or ‘Off’ to deactivate it. The selectedaction will appear in the box.

4. Click in the ‘Audible On’ checkbox if you want an alarm sound to be generatedwhen an alarm is triggered.

NOTE:A sound card is required to use the Audible option.

5. Repeat the same steps for as many loops as you wish.

6. Click on the {Apply Changes} button. Your alarm settings for the selectedloop(s) are now part of the Recipe or Batch.

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The sample window below shows alarms set for five loops, with the Audible optionenabled:

7.2 Setting Alerts

Setting alerts is exactly the same process as setting alarms, except that you will firstselect the Alert Settings window instead of the Alarm Settings window.

NOTE:First you must select the loops for the Recipe. These settings may bemade as part of the Recipe or added to a Batch while it is running.

1. From a Recipe or Batch Setup screen, click on the “Alarms” tab.

2. Click on the “Current Alert Settings” tab on the bottom right of the Alarms screen.The Current Alert Settings window will open.

3. Follow the steps in Section 7.1 above. The difference is that the parameters youset in this window will generate alerts instead of alarms.

4. Remember to repeat the process to set alerts for as many loops as you wish.

5. Remember to click on the {Apply Changes} button to save your settings.

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69


88 EENNDDIINNGG AA BBAATTCCHH

After a fermentation run has ended, and before exiting the BioCommand program,perform an End of Batch procedure to close the data log file and to terminateBatch supervision. Otherwise, exiting BioCommand will be interpreted as aninterruption, and the program will attempt to resume data logging and control ofthe same Batch the next time the program is started.

8.1 End a Batch

1. Open the Setup View.

2. Click on the {End Batch} button. A window called “End Batch?” will open, asking forconfirmation that you do indeed wish to end the Batch.

3. If you wish to terminate the Batch, click on {OK}. If you have made an error or changedyour mind, click on the {Cancel} button to return to the Setup window with nointerruption in Batch operation.

8.2 Exiting BioCommand

If you wish to exit BioCommand without ending all running Batches, an advice window,“Exit with Active Batches”, must be acknowledged before the program will close:

• Click the {OK} button to exit the program, or click on the {Cancel} button to return toBioCommand.

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8.3 Restarting with Active Batches

Usually a shutdown with Batches running is the result of an accident, such as powerfailure or operator error. Recovery is easy.

1. Restart BioCommand. On restart, you will see the “Starting BioCommand 32”opening Wizard screen. (If you have turned it off, skip to bullet #2.)

• Click on the option button to select Resume a batch running whenBioCommand exited.

• Click on {Continue}. The “Resume Batches” window will open (see below).

2. On restart you will see the “Resume Batches” window immediately if you haveturned off the Wizard:

3. Select the Batch(es) you wish to resume.

4. To reinstate computer supervision of the selected Batch(es), click on the {ResumeBatch} button. The Batch Setup window will open. Expect a brief pause whilethe program locates and connects to the hardware. The process will continue as itwas prior to program exit.

5. You may prefer to click on {Details} to directly enter the Batch Setup window fora selected Batch. This will give you additional options:

• Note that this window (see sample below) has two new buttons at the bottom:{Terminate Batch} and {Resume Batch}.

• This option allows you to modify batch parameters before you resume thebatch, or to end the batch.

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NOTE:If more than one batch is available to be resumed, the “ResumeBatches” window will return. You may select another batch to resume,or click on {Exit}. The “Resume Batches” window can be recalled laterby selecting File-Resume Batches from the Main Menu.

8.4 Shutting Down BioCommand

There are two ways to exit BioCommand:

A. Click the “Close” icon ( ) in the upper right corner of the Main Screen

B. Select File – Exit from the Main Menu.

NOTE:To prevent the loss of data, always exit BioCommand before you turnoff power to the computer.In addition, always shut down Windows itself in the prescribed manner.

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99 SSEECCUURRIITTYY FFEEAATTUURREESS

BioCommand allows managers to designate access levels for each user.A Recipe can enforce different batch authorities for different users. If you chooseto secure your BioCommand 32 system, we recommend that you make at least twousers members of the Admin group, to cover the possibility that one member isunavailable. There is no “back door”.

9.1 User-Based Access

All members of a workgroups are known as Users. Some of those users may also bedesignated as Recipe Creators or as Admins. Recipe Creators have the privilege of writingnew recipes. Admins have full authorization to access and to make changes to any elementunder BioCommand’s control. Each user should be assigned a password to validate thatindividual’s log-on identification, through which the system recognizes the user’s accessrights.

9.2 Entering User Passwords

Initially there are no user passwords entered into the program. This means that when youinstall and open BioCommand, and each time the program is opened thereafter, you will beoperating in an unsecured mode until a Password is established. If no password is set up, thesystem will automatically identify the user as “Admin”, and because Admin has no pre-assigned password, the system is open for unsecured use.

Other Users

Recipe Creators

Admin

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For security, each user of the program should have a personal password that allows that userto interface with the program up to his/her level of authorization. This will prevent anunauthorized person from making any operational or functional change.

9.2.1 Setting the First Password

If you are a member of the Admin workgroup (see also Section 9.4 below),you may enter an initial password. Follow these steps:

1. Select User – Change Password from the Main Menu. The “Change Password”window will open:

2. Leave ‘Old Password’ blank.

3. Enter the desired ‘New Password’. Note that your password will be displayed asa string of asterisks (******), so type carefully. This feature is to protect yourpassword from any unauthorized observer.

4. Confirm the password by carefully typing it again in the ‘Confirm’ edit box.Here, too, you will only see ****** as you type.

5. Click {OK} to save your password and to exit this window.

If what you type in the ‘Confirm:’ box does not match what you entered in the ‘NewPassword’ box, the “BioCommand Password” error window shown below willappear:

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1. Click {OK}. The error window will close.2. In the “Change Password” window retype the new password.3. Retype the confirmation.4. Click {OK}.

9.2.2 Changing an Existing Password

In order to change a password, you need to know the existing ‘Old Password’.

1. Select User – Change Password from the Main Menu. The “Change password”window will open:

2. Enter the ‘Old Password’ for the user named at the top of the window (in thiscase “admin”).

3. Enter the desired ‘New Password’. As you type, your password will be displayedas a string of asterisks (******), so type carefully. This feature is to protect yourpassword from any unauthorized observer.

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4. Confirm the password by carefully typing it again in the ‘Confirm’ edit box.Here, too, you will only see ****** as you type.

5. Click {OK} to save your password and to exit this window.

9.2.3 Removing Password Protection

If you do not wish to have password protection to the program for an individual user,you can clear the password function:

1. Select User – Change Password from the Main Menu. The “Change Password”window will open (see sample screen above).

2. Enter the old password for the user named.

3. Leave the ‘New Password:’ and ‘Confirm:’ lines blank.

4. Click on {OK}.

The password is now blank for the user.

9.2.4 Using Passwords

If passwords have been entered for one or more users, the “BioCommand UserLogOn” window will appear each time you start the program:

1. Enter the User Name in the ‘Name” edit box.2. Enter the user password in the Password edit box.3. Click {OK}.

If you enter password incorrectly, the “BioCommand LogOn” window will appear:

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1. Click “Retry” for another opportunity to enter the proper password.

2. Click {Cancel} if you wish to enter the program without with limited options(without the privileges afforded by the password).

9.3 Recipe Authorization Levels

Within each individual recipe, there are five authorization that can be assigned to the users ofthat recipe. These levels are:

• None – This level of authorization has no access whatsoever to the recipe or resultingbatches. This entry is included as a way to remove a user’s name from the privilege list.

• Observer – A user with this authorization level can display the different batch views, forobservation only. The Observer cannot make any changes.

• Operator – This level of user may observe all views, start and stop the batch, and changesetpoints. The Operator may not alter programs, add or remove loops, changeauthorization levels or change Alarm or Alert limits.

• Supervisor – A Supervisor level user has all of the privileges of the Operator, and mayalso activate, deactivate and edit control programs. The Supervisor may not add orremove loops, or access the rights to a recipe.

• Manager – A Manager has total access to all of the functions of the recipe.

9.4 Creating and Modifying a User List

When you create Recipes and Batches, you can also establish the functions that can beperformed by each level of user. Authorized users of the program can be assigned todifferent groups with different levels of control.

Manager

Supervisor

Operator

None

Observer

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The window below shows how the various users and groups are added to the list ofauthorized users. The program begins with the three user access groups mentionedabove:

• Admins• Recipe Creators• Users

9.4.1 Adding Groups

To add existing groups to the program:

1. From the Main Menu, select User – Manage Accounts. The “BioCommandWorkgroup User/Group Accounts” window will open.

This window functions very much like the “Add/Change Loop List” window inSection 4.1.

2. In the ‘Groups:’ pane (which lists available groups), click on the desiredgroup name. That group name will then appear in the title of the ‘Members of…” pane. A list of its current members will appear inside the pane.

Initially, Admin is, by default, the only member of each group.

9.4.2 Adding Users

To add existing Users to a group:

1. Click on the group name in the ‘Groups’ pane.2. Click on the User name in the ‘Users’ pane.3. Press the {>>} button to move that user name into the ‘Members of’ pane.

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The User will now appear as a member of the selected group, and the User willhave the authority level that is assigned to that group.

9.4.3 Removing Users

To remove Users from a group:

1. Click on the User name in the ‘Members of…’ pane.2. Click on the {<<} button.

That User no longer is a member of that group and will no longer have the levelof authority assigned to the group.

9.4.4 Adding New Users

To add a New User (someone not already listed in the ‘Users’ pane of the“BioCommand Workgroup User/Group Accounts” window):

1. Click on the {Add User} button. The “Add new user” window will appear:

2. Enter the new User Name. This is the name that will identify this particularuser and will appear in all workgroup lists.

3. Enter a Personal Identifier (‘PID:’) that will be that user’s uniqueidentification. This PID must be a group of at least 4, but no more than 20,alphanumeric characters. Each PID should be recorded elsewhere and kept ina secure place for possible future reference.

4. Click {OK} to save the entry, or click {Cancel} if you decide not to add thisuser.

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5. If no Personal Identifier (‘PID’) is entered, the “BioCommand UserAccounts” error window will appear:

6. Click {OK}. The “BioCommand Workgroup User/Group Accounts” windowwill reappear without the new user.

7. Follow the above steps again, completing all information, if you still wish toadd the New User.

9.4.5 Adding a New Group

New groups are added in the same way as new users. To add a New Group (onenot already listed in the ‘Groups’ pane of the “BioCommand WorkgroupUser/Group Accounts” window):

1. Click on the {Add Group} button. The “Add new group” window willappear:

2. Enter the new Group Name. This is the name that will identify this particulargroup and will appear in all workgroup lists.

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3. Enter a Personal Identifier (‘PID:’) that will be that group’s uniqueidentification. This PID must be a group of at least 4, but no more than 20,alphanumeric characters. Each PID should be recorded elsewhere and kept ina secure place for possible future reference.

4. Click {OK} to save the entry.

5. Click {Cancel} if you decide not to add this group.

6. If no ‘PID’ is entered, an error window will appear. Click {OK}. The“BioCommand Workgroup User/Group Accounts” window will reappearwithout the new group.

7. Follow the above steps again, completing all information, if you still wish toadd the New Group.

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1100 MMAAIINN SSCCRREEEENN FFUUNNCCTTIIOONNSS

RREEFFEERREENNCCEE

This chapter provides an overview of the File, Edit, View, Tools, User,Window and Help menus available from the Main Screen. The MainScreen also includes an optional toolbar for quick access to severaloperations.

10.1 File

The file menu, shown below, provides access to the functions that are used to controlthe recipes and batches that may be used for process control with this program:

• New Batch – creates a new set of Batch parameters.• View Batch – views an existing set of Batch parameters.• New Recipe – creates a new set of Recipe parameters.• View Recipe – views an existing set of Recipe parameters.• Start Options – reopens the “Starting BioCommand 32” Batch Wizard window.• Local Batches – views currently running Batches, local to your PC.• Resume Batches – allows you to view the list of Batches still considered open by

BioCommand and offers to resume data collection on any of them.• Print View – allows the printing of the current view (Program, Synoptic, Batch

Summary or Trend).• Print Report – allows the printing of a report of selected current run parameters,

as specified in the Tools – Report Specification.

NOTE:You can print a report for a batch that is no longer active via theDatabase Viewer utility (see Chapter 17).

• Exit – will close the program and exit back to the Windows operating system.

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10.2 Edit

This selection provides the standard Windows functions that are available inconjunction with the Windows clipboard. Any item that is selected using normalWindows selection techniques can be removed from its current location and savedon the clipboard (Cut), copied from its current location to the clipboard (Copy), orinserted into the location of the cursor from the clipboard (Paste).

A selected item may also be deleted from the screen without going to the clipboard byusing the Delete selection. The Copy All selection will copy everything on the screenonto the clipboard. These functions are most useful when designing Synoptic orProgram views.

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10.3 View

This selection provides you with several functions related to the display duringoperation of the program, as shown in the sample window below.

• Toolbar – you can turn the Toolbar display on or off. If there is a checkmarkbeside the Toolbar label, the Toolbar will be displayed on the main window. Thisis a toggle function: if it is on, clicking on this item will turn it off, and if it is off,clicking on it will turn it on. See Section 3.7 for further information on the mainToolbar functions.

• New Synoptic View – enter the Synoptic View creation and editing function.• New Trend View – enter the Trend View creation and editing function.• New Program View – enter the Program view creation and editing function.

• The following are examples of other selections that may be on this menu. Theactual items will depend on the Batch you are running, or the Recipe you arecreating or modifying.

• Setup.1 – opens the Batch Setup notebook.• Alarm Summary.1 – opens the Alarm Summary screen for the Batch.• Batch Summary.1 – opens the Batch Summary screen for the Batch.• Program.1 – displays a defined Program View screen.• Synoptic.1 – displays a defined Synoptic View screen.• Trend.1 – displays a defined Trend View screen.

If two or more of any view types are defined, they will also be listed on this menu,with increasing suffix numbers; i.e. Trend.2, Trend.3, etc.

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10.4 Tools

The Tools selection contains two options that provide functions that may be used inconjunction with the rest of the BioCommand program while running a process. Thetwo options, as shown in the sample screen below, are Report Specification andOffline Data.

10.4.1 Report Specification Function

This option allows a graphical presentation of the process data to be specifiedfor printing. The sample screen below shows how the report specificationmay be set up:

UPPER SCALELIMIT

LOWERSCALE LIMIT

LOOP NAMELeft Y-Axis

LOOP NAMERight Y-Axis

UPPER SCALELIMIT

LOWERSCALE LIMIT

STARTTIME (EFT)

END TIME(EFT)

REPORTSELECTOR

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1. Select Tools – Report Specification from the Main Menu. The Batch ReportSpecification window (shown above) will open.

2. If you wish, enter a Graph title in the middle edit box, above the graphtemplate.

3. Click on the down arrow (�) in the left y-axis Loop Name box. From thedropdown list of available loops, select one.

4. Repeat the above step for the right y-axis Loop Name box.

5. Enter the appropriate Upper and Lower Scale Limits for both left and right y-axes.

6. Use the checkboxes under the Record Selector to select (or de-select) otherinformation to include in your reports:

• Include Batch Events: this report will recap alarms and alerts that haveoccurred while the batch was running.

• Include Audit Record: this report will recap all changes made while thebatch was running.

• Merge Batch Events and Audit Record: this is a single report thattracks both types of actions chronologically.

7. Enter the Start Time and End Time (EFT) for the data you wish to graph.

You may specify more than one graph for your report. The Record Selector boxbelow the graph template displays the name of the graph specification you arecreating. This name is automatically assigned by BioCommand; you will not beable to edit it.

Use the Record Selector arrows ( or ) to step from one graph to another, oneby one. To move more rapidly, use the blocked arrows to move directly to thefirst (❘ ) or last ( ❘) graph.

To clear a graph you have already specified:

1. Cycle through the graph templates using the Record Selector to display thegraph you wish to delete.

2. When the graph of interest is onscreen, click on the {Remove} button.

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When you have completed your report specification:

1. Click on the {Close} button or the Close icon (r) at the upper right of thewindow. This will automatically save your report specifications as a part ofthe Batch.

Another way to view, organize and report data from both active andterminated batches is to use the Database Viewer utility (see Chapter 17 fordetails).

10.4.2 OffLine Data

Data collected by techniques or instruments not connected to the operatingfermentor may be entered into the database for a batch by using this function.

1. While the batch is running, select Tools – OffLine from the Main Menu. TheOffline data window will open:

For the time data you enter into the database, there are three time format settingsavailable. The default time format setting is Calendar, which allows you to inputboth date and time of the data reading. EFT means that you will enter the time inan HH:MM:SS format. Decimal EFT means time recorded as a decimal number.If you wish to change the time format setting, do Step 2. If not, skip to Step 3.

2. Click on the option button of choice for the ‘Time Format’.

3. Enter the time entry.

4. Move to the Comments column: either press the <Enter> key, the right arrowkey (< >) or the <Tab> key, or move the cursor (with the mouse) and clickinside the desired cell.

5. Enter Comments to describe the data value you are recording.

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To make your comments more meaningful, you will probably want to add at leastone more column for the actual data values. The program will treat this newparameter as a User-Defined Loop; the name you enter here will appear in all looplists and reports generated by the database for this Batch.

To add a column, or “new parameter”:

1. Click on the {New Param} button. The “Offline data” window willtemporarily disappear as the “New Offline Parameter” window opens:

2. Enter the name of the new column (use no more than 6 characters) in the editbox.

3. Click on {OK} (unless you need to {Cancel}). The “New Offline Parameter”window will close, replaced by the “Offline data” window. Your newparameter will appear as a third column. (See sample screen below.)

4. Repeat the above steps to add other columns. Note that you can move the cellborders just as you do in a Word table or an Excel spreadsheet.

Now that you have established the records, an offline measured data value can beadded to the database at any time during the running of the Batch.

To enter a new line of data:

1. Move your cursor to the * in the far left column.2. Click when your cursor changes to an arrow ( ). A new row will appear,

and your cursor will be positioned in the time column.3. Enter the new data.

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4. If you wish to delete an entry, you can use the {Clear Edits} button as long asthe line is still active.

5. Click on the {Close} button to end the Offline Data function.

10.5 User

The functions provided by this selection (see sample screen below) are:

• Log On – if no user is logged on, this function will allow a new user access to theprogram.

• Log Off – if the currently logged-on user is to cease being the operator, this functionwill log that person off, to allow a new user to log on.

• Change Password – authorized users who have entered a password and are currentlylogged on may change their password via this function.

• Manage Accounts – allows the addition, deletion, and modification of users,operators, etc. and their level of authorization for the program.

• Select Workgroup – allows you to switch to another workgroup if there are two ormore sets of workgroups on the computer being used.

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10.6 Window

Whenever two or more windows are open on the screen within the BioCommandprogram, this function allows you to view them in a choice of formats. The availableformats are the standard Windows® 98/NT/2000 selections:

• Tile Horizontally• Tile Vertically• Cascade• Arrange Icons

The above screen shows the Window menu when there are several windows open butminimized to icons. Any of the windows may be closed, restored to previous size, ormaximized to full screen size by clicking on the icon, which opens a submenu withselections for Restore, Maximize, or Close. Double-clicking on the icon will restorethat window or view to its previous size.

When several windows are open at the same time, selecting Window – TileHorizontally or Window – Tile Vertically will change the screen display. It will besimilar to the one shown below. Each window can be individually selected, resized,or restored to full screen size.

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Selecting Window – Cascade will rearrange the screen display, stacking the windowslike a deck of cards. It will resemble the example shown below. Each window can beindividually selected, resized, or restored to full screen size. Clicking on any part of awindow will bring that window to the top of the cascade.

10.7 Help

This selection provides the standard type of Windows Help functions.

• Contents – A list of help topics available.• Search for Help On – Provides the option of searching for Help using a key

word or phrase.• About BioCmd32 – Displays a window of information about the BioCommand

32 program.

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10.8 Toolbar Description

The Main Screen of the BioCommand program includes an optional toolbar. Thistoolbar can be used to initiate several functions within the BioCommand program,through a single mouse click. When you place your cursor over an icon on thetoolbar, a hint appears to remind you of that icon’s function.

The toolbar can be toggled on and off:

1. Select View – Toolbar from the Main Menu. If the toolbar is on, there is acheckmark beside Toolbar on the submenu.

2. Click on the checkmark to remove the toolbar from the screen. The checkmarkwill also disappear.

3. To redisplay the toolbar, select View – Toolbar from the Main Menu.4. Click in the checkbox to the left of Toolbar.5. A check will appear in the checkbox, and the toolbar will appear onscreen.

Below is a picture of the toolbar and its various functional icons:

NOTE:Each of these icons performs the same function as the like-namedselection from one of the menus.

The box to the right of the Toolbar displays the name of the currently logged-on user.

What’s This? HELPBatch Wizard

View RecipeNew Recipe

View BatchNew Batch

Copy

PasteDelete

SavePrint

Cut

Standard Windows® functions

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1111 RREECCIIPPEE//BBAATTCCHH FFUUNNCCTTIIOONNSS

BioCommand allows you to enter a variety of run parameters and save them forfuture use without having to re-enter the parameters each time a similar set-up isdesired. There are two components to this function: Recipes and Batches. ARecipe is a set of parameters that define the fermentation process. A Batch is asingle run based on that Recipe. The same Recipe may be used for any numberof Batches and each Batch starts with a Recipe.

11.1 Creating or Editing Recipes

You can create new recipes or edit existing recipes by using the Batch Wizard. TheWizard is active as soon as you open BioCommand, unless you have cancelled it. Ifit does not appear and you wish to bring it back, select File – Start Options on theMain Menu, or you can click on the toolbar Batch Wizard icon. Refer to Section 4for instructions on using the Batch Wizard.

You can also create new recipes using the New Recipe function or you can editexisting recipes with the View Recipe function.

11.1.1 New Recipe Setup Window

Click the New Recipe icon on the Toolbar or select File - New Recipe fromthe Main Menu. The “Setup” window will open:

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This is a dialogue box with 6 tabbed pages. Each page is a new window withdifferent functions. These pages are:

• Recipe – for the entry of basic recipe parameters• Loops – displays the loops that are available and allows you to select the

loops to be included in this recipe.• Views – allows the creation and editing of Synoptic, Trend or Program

views. Also provides an entry to display these views, as well as thestandard views that are included in the program: Alarm Summary, BatchSummary, and Setup.

• Programs – provides for the creation and editing of Supervisory Programsand User-defined Loop Programs.

• Alarms – allows the setting of Alarm and Alert levels for any of the loopsincluded in the batch.

• User Access – allows the setting of user access and rights for this recipe.

See sections 11.1.4 - 11.1.10 for detailed instructions on using the varioustabs.

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11.1.2 View Recipe Setup Window

1. Click the View Recipe icon on the Toolbar or select File - View Recipefrom the Main Menu. The “Select File to Open” window will open first,listing the existing Recipe files:

2. Select the Recipe of choice: click on its name or type the file name intothe File name edit box.

3. Click on {Open}. The “View Recipe” Setup window will open.

This window is the same as the “New Recipe” Setup window shown on theprevious page. Note, however, that the fields are filled in with the parametersof the Recipe you selected.

11.1.3 Using the Setup Window

From this point forward, the functions are essentially the same, whether youare creating a new Recipe or editing an existing one.

The four standard buttons at the bottom of the window are visible at all times,regardless of which notebook page is displayed. These four buttons are:

• {Save As} – this function will save the Recipe under a different name thanthe original Recipe.

• {Save} – this function makes your changes to the Recipe parameterseffective for the Batch.

• {Start Batch} – this function will start a Batch run, using this Recipe’sparameters. This button will not be available unless the Recipe containsenough information to run a Batch.

• {Close} – This will close the Create Recipe or the View Recipe function.

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If you click on {Start Batch} or {Close} but you have not saved the Recipechanges you have made, the “Save Changes” window will open:

• If you click the {No} button, all of your changes to the Recipe will be lost.

• If you click on the {Cancel} button, the program returns to the CreateRecipe or View Recipe function, whichever you were using.

• If this is a new Recipe and you click on the {Yes} button, the“BioCommand 32 Save Files” window will open. Enter the file nameunder which you wish to save the new Recipe.

11.1.4 Recipe Tab

The Recipe page of the notebook (see sample below) contains items that areconsidered descriptive of the Recipe:

‘File Data’ Pane:The edit box in the ‘File Data’ pane displays the name under which the Recipewill be saved.

• If this window was opened via the View Recipe selection, this box willcontain the name of the Recipe file that was opened.

• If, instead, you have created a new Recipe, this box will be blank until yousave the recipe file to disk and you fill in the “BioCommand 32 SaveFiles” window.

• If you are going to use an existing Recipe as the starting point for a newRecipe, click on the {Browse Recipes} button to bring up the “Save To”window, as shown above. This window allows you to choose the Recipefile you wish to use.

• You may also use normal Windows techniques to navigate through thedisk folders, to locate the desired Recipe file.

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‘Recipe Data’ Pane:

The ‘Recipe Data’ pane contains three items:

• BioCommand supplies the ‘Owner:’ item, based on the logged-on userwhen the Recipe is created.

• The ‘Display (Tab) Name:’ is a descriptive name that you give to theRecipe. This is the default name that will appear on the tab at the bottomof the screen when a Batch using the Recipe is active. It is also the defaultname suggested for use as the file name for data storage. This item maycontain up to twelve alphanumeric characters.

• The ‘Description:’ item gives you the option of entering text that morecompletely describes the function or special features of this Recipe. Itmay contain spaces and punctuation marks as well as alphanumericcharacters.

Near the bottom of the window is a pane that contains a sub-notebook withtwo tabs, ‘Time Data’ and ‘Recipe Data’, as shown in the sample screenabove.

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________________________________BioCommand 32

‘Time Data’ Tab:

The “Time Data” tab allows you to select the time interval between data pointacquisitions.

1. Click on the {Change Interval} button under the edit box. In the ChangeLog Interval screen that appears (see below), you have two choices:

A. Use the edchoose one

B. Enter any n(Mins)’. N

• If you eround i

• If you enearest

When a Batch is ruFermentation Tim

The {Reset EFT} only when a Batch

1. Click on it at aopen:

Change Log Interval

Save

_____________________________________________User’s Guide

it box down arrow (�) to open a list of time selections and by clicking on it.

umber directly into the edit box labeled ‘Log Intervalote that:

nter a decimal number greater than one, the program willt to the nearest whole minute.

nter an interval of less than one, it will be rounded to the tenth of a minute.

nning, this pane also continually shows the Elapsede (EFT) in the ‘Current EFT’ box.

button, which will reset the EFT to zero, is available to you is running:

ny time during the Batch run. The “Reset Eft” window will

Save

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2. Click the {OK} button if you want to turn the clock back to zero, or clickthe {Cancel} button to abort this action.

This tab also allows you to select the format for EFT display. On the far right,in the pane labeled ‘Time Display Format’, there are two selections:

A. HH:MM:SS displays the EFT in the format of hours, minutes, andseconds (ex: 12:59:03).

B. Decimal hours displays the EFT as a decimal fraction (ex: 12.98).

If it is not already selected, click on the option button next to your formatchoice.

‘Recipe Data’ Tab:

After a new Recipe is created and saved, the ‘Recipe Data’ page of the sub-notebook (see below) will display information entered while the Recipe wasbeing created:

• The ‘Recipe File:’ box displays the file name under which the Recipe issaved.

• ‘Created By:’ displays the name of the logged-on user who created theRecipe initially.

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• The ‘Date:’ box displays the time and date when the Recipe was created.

Nothing on this page can be edited; it is an information display only.

11.1.5 Loops Tab

The Loops tab opens up the notebook page where the loops to be used in theRecipe can be selected or modified. There are two panes on this page:‘Change Loop List’ and ‘Current Loops’.

When you open this page, if no loops were previously specified for thisRecipe, the “Add/Change Hardware Loop List” window will open over it.

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This window is used to tell BioCommand where to look for loops that may beused with this Recipe:

1. Click on the {Browse Local Server} button to display loops that areconnected only to your PC.

2. Click on {Browse Network Server} to search all workstations connectedto the your PC’s network. It will display all of the loops and where theyare located.

The screen shown below is an example of a system that is connected to twolocal controllers and one networked controller. Loops that are accessiblethrough this connection are displayed in the left pane, which is called‘Available Loops:’.

3. Click on the + box next to the controller name (or double-click on thecontroller name). An expanded list will drop down, showing all loopsassociated with this controller and therefore available for your Batch:

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NOTE:Be sure to expand all controller loop lists to see everything available toyou before you complete your selection.

1. To select all the loops associated with a controller, click on the controllername, then click the {>>} button.

2. To select individual loops from one or more controller(s), click on thedesired loop name, then click on the {>>} button.

3. Each time you select an item and click on {>>}, that item will transfer tothe right pane, ‘Loops in Batch:’.

NOTE:When you expand the controller loop list, the + sign becomes a – sign.To collapse the expanded list, click on the – sign. The list will fold backinto the controller name, leaving a + sign again.

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To remove a loop from the ‘Loops in Batch’ pane:

• Click on the loop name in the right window pane.

• Click the {<<} button. The loop will move back to the left side, whichremoves it from this recipe.

4. After all of the desired loops are in the Recipe, click on the {Close} buttonto return to the Loops page of the ‘Setup’ View.

The loops you have selected will now be listed in the ‘Current Loops’ pane, inthe following way:

• The loop name (default to the controller) appears on the left side of thewindow pane.

• To the right of the loop name is the location of the loop. The locationis listed in the format of “(Server Name\Controller Name\LoopName)”.

You now have the option of assigning new Display Names and initialSetpoints to the loops for this Recipe. If you do not wish to change the defaultcontroller loop names and setpoints, skip the following steps (5-9):

5. Click on the {View loop details} button or double-click on any loop name.The “Loop Setup Options” window will open. This window allows you toset a Display Name and an Initial Setpoint for each loop.

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NOTE:After each loop is edited, it is necessary to click the {Apply} button tomake the changes effective.

NOTE:If you have an active batch, the above screen will have an additionalpane at the bottom, called ‘Advance’. See Section 11.1.6.1 below fordetails.

6. To set a loop Display Name that is more meaningful to you than itscontroller default name:

• Cick in the ‘Display Name:’ edit box.• Change the name there to any combination of letters, numbers and

spaces, up to a length of 10 characters.

7. To set an initial setpoint for a loop that is different than its controllerdefault setpint:

• Click in the ‘Initial Setpoint:’ edit box.• Enter the desired setpoint.

8. Continue editing these parameters for other loops without leaving thiswindow: click on the down arrow (�) on the right side of the “Loop:”edit box, then select the loop name from the dropdown menu.

9. When you have finished editing, click on {Apply}, then click on {OK}.

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11.1.6 Duplicating a Recipe

The Loops Tab can also be used to easily duplicate a recipe for use on anotherfermentor that is connected to the system:

1. Click on the {Replace loops in this recipe with those from another controller}icon on the Loops page:

The “Replace Loops In Recipe” window (shown below) will open:

CLICKHERE

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2. Click on the down arrow (�) at the right side of the ‘Replace:’ editbox.

3. From the dropdown menu, select the controller you want to replace.

4. Now select the new controller from the controller names in the ‘With:’pane.

5. Click on the {Apply} button to effect the change.

6. If there are any loops in the original controller that do not haveequivalents in the new controller, the “Error Replacing Loops”window will open to inform you of the discrepancy:

• Click the {Yes} button to delete the loop(s) from the loop list.• Click the {No} button to abort the replacement operation.

After the loop selection process is complete, the Loops page on the Setupview will resemble the sample shown below:

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The “Current Loops” pane now lists all of the currently selected loops:

• On the far left side is the display name of the loop. This will be either thedefault name of the loop from the controller, or the name as edited on the“Loop Setup Options” screen.

• The label to the right of the pane is the location and assigned name foreach loop. The format for this label is “(Server Name\ControllerName\Loop Name)”.

11.1.6.1 Advanced Loop Setup Options

Several advanced loop setup options become available to you while you arerunning a batch.

1. Click on the {View loop details} button on the Loops page (see samplescreen above). The Loop Setup Options screen will open, and you willnotice a new ‘Advanced’ pane at the bottom:

2. Click on the {Loop Setup>>>} button. An extended pane will open to theright:

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The {Configure…} button allows you to modify the controller configurationalready specified in the Recipe. When you click on this button, theconfiguration screen for the specified loop will open.

In the same way, the {Cascades…} and {Sterilize…} buttons will allow youaccess to modify the parameters for cascades and sterilization.

NOTE:For details on using the {Configure…}, {Cascades…} and {Sterilize…}buttons, consult your controller manual.Note also that these functions are only available on NBS network-enabled controllers.

11.1.7 Views Tab

The Views Tab opens the notebook page that allows you to create severaltypes of views or to open default views established by the program. This page(see sample screen below) consists of two panes: ‘Current Views:’ and ‘NewViews:’.

‘Current Views’ Pane:

This pane lists all of the views that are available by default and those that havebeen created for this Recipe. Initially there are three Views which arestandard with each Recipe: Alarm Summary, Batch Summary, and Setup:

• The Alarm Summary View is a table summarizing any alarms that areactive while a Batch is running.

• The Batch Summary is a table summarizing the loops used in the Batch.This displays the Loop Name, Current Value, Setpoint, Output Value andControl Mode.

• The Setup View is the notebook you are already using: it contains the sixtabs that open the pages you use to enter parameters for the Recipe and tocontrol the Batch.

Below is a sample Setup View, open to the Views tab.

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‘New Views’ Pane:

You can use this pane to add a new view to a Recipe or a Batch:

1. Double-click on your choice (Synoptic, Trend or Program) to open theappropriate design screen. You can then create a new view.

2. Sections 5 and 6 give detailed instructions on how to create and modifyViews.

11.1.8 Programs Tab

There are two types of programs available for use with BioCommand:Supervisory Programs and User Loop Programs. Details on how to createthem are given in Section 6 of this manual.

• Supervisory programs are designed to control a loop Setpoint throughcalculations and logical decisions made on the basis of input values fromother loops, constants, or the EFT.

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• User Loop Programs are designed to produce an output that has the sameproperties as loops in the hardware, in terms of how they may be used bythe program.

Following is a sample of this screen:

11.1.9 Alarms Tab

BioCommand allows you to enter two sets of high and low limits for any or allof the loops in your recipe: Alarm limits and Alert limits.

Alarms inform you when a loop value enters a dangerous range. When aloop’s value exceeds your preselected Hi Limit or drops below yourpreselected Lo Limit, the Alarm display tab (see sample screen below) turnsred to signal a visual alarm. If you have turned the audible alarm on, you willalso hear an alarm signal.

There are three ways to see what triggered the alarm:

A. Select View – Alarm Summary from the Main Menu;

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B. Click on the Views tab in the Setup view, then click on Alarm Summaryin the ‘Current Views’ pane;

C. Right click on the Display tab at the bottom of the ‘Setup’ window.

The “Alarm Summary” window will open to the Current Alarm Settings page.

Alerts inform you when a loop’s data value leaves the predetermined normalrange. When a loop’s value exceeds your preselected Hi Limit or dropsbelow your preselected Lo Limit, the Alert display tab (see sample screenabove) turns yellow to signal a visual alarm. If you have selected Audible On,you will also hear an audible alert signal.

To see what triggered the alert:

1. Open the “Alarm Summary” using one of the three methods listed above.

2. Click on the bottom right tab, Current Alert Settings, to view any loop(s)in an alert situation.

See Section 7 for detailed instructions on setting Alarms and Alerts.

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11.1.10 User Access Tab

Use this tab to access the window where you assign user authorizations for therecipe:

1. In the ‘Select User’ pane of the window (left), click on the down arrow(�) in the edit box. The list of users for this system will drop down.

2. Click on the desired user name.

3. Underneath, click on the appropriate ‘Access Rights’ option button toassign the access rights to this user for this recipe. See the introduction toSection 9 for an explanation of these various levels.

4. Click on the {Apply} button. Your selection will appear in the “CurrentUser Access Rights” pane.

5. Repeat the above steps for as many users as necessary.

To remove a user from this list:

1. Select the user name.

Save

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2. Click on ‘None’ for the access rights.3. Click on {Apply}.4. The user will be deleted from the list.

The user names available will be those that are entered via the User – ManageAccounts selection from the Main Menu. Details of user restrictions andprivileges can be found in Section 9, Security Features.

11.2 Starting a Batch

NOTE:There are four ways to start a Batch; whichever method you choose,each Batch must always begin with a defined Recipe. The options forstarting a Batch are: Batch Wizard, New Recipe, View Recipe and NewBatch.

11.2.1 Batch Wizard

See Section 4.1 to start a batch using Batch Wizard.

11.2.2 New Recipe or View Recipe

You may create a new recipe, modify an existing recipe, or use an existingrecipe following the procedures in Section 4.

When the Recipe has the minimum amount of information needed tocompletely define a process, the {Start Batch} button on the bottom of thewindow will become available. After you click on {Start Batch}, the programwill ask you for some additional input (see Section 4.4). After you comply,the “Recipe” tab on the Setup view will change to “Batch”, the {Reset EFT}button will become available, and the {Start Batch} button will become the{End Batch} button.

11.2.3 New Batch

NOTE:Following is a brief recap of New Batch procedures. Be sure to consultSection 4.4 in detail before starting a new batch.

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Aside from using Batch Wizard, you can start a New Batch in two other ways:

A. Select File – New Batch from the Main Menu;

B. Click on the New Batch icon on the Toolbar.

The “New Batch Setup” view window will open, with the “Select File toOpen” window on top of it. The top window lists the Recipe files that arecurrently available for use.

1. Enter the desired Recipe file name in the ‘File name:’ edit box.

2. Click the {Open} button. The selected Recipe file will be loaded into theprogram and the {Start Batch} button will become available.

You may start the Batch immediately, or you may change Recipe parametersand then start the Batch.

After you click on {Start Batch}, the program will ask you for someadditional input (see Section 4.4). After you comply, the “Recipe” tab on theSetup view will change to “Batch”, the {Reset EFT} button will becomeavailable, and the {Start Batch} button will become the {End Batch} button.

Once the Batch begins to run, operation is the same regardless of whichmethod was used to start it. The “Current EFT” box on the Batch page willstart displaying the elapsed time of the process and the View selection fromon the Main Menu will list all of the views that are available at the time.

11.3 Altering a Batch in Progress

When a Batch is started, its parameters are those preset in the Recipe selected, plusany modifications that may have been made to the Recipe prior to Batch startup.

Most of these parameters may be changed while the Batch is running, essentially byusing the same procedures as those originally used to set them in the Recipe.

11.3.1 Changing Setpoints

One of the changes most often made during the running of a Batch is theSetpoint for one or more loops. Bear in mind that only those users who haveOperator, Supervisor or Manager privilege level (see introduction to Section 9for further details) may change Setpoints.

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There are two ways to change the setpoint of a loop: in the Batch SummaryView and in the Synoptic View.

In the Batch Summary View:

1. Open this view by one of the following means:

A. Click on the display name tab at the bottom of the Setup window forthe Batch being run;

B. Select View – Batch Summary from the Main Menu;

C. Click on the Views tab in the Setup window, then select “BatchSummary” from the ‘Current Views:’ pane.

2. Once the Batch Summary window is open, double-click anywhere in therow of the desired loop (Agit 1 in the sample shown below). The “ChangeSetpoint / Control Mode” window will open:

NOTE:BioCommand cannot change the loop setpoint unless the option Supv.By BioCommand (“Supervised by BioCommand”) is chosen in the‘Controlled’ pane of this window.

3. Click on the Supv. By BioCommand option button if it is not alreadyselected.

4. Now enter the new setpoint value in the Setpoint edit box.

5. Click on the {OK} button (or press the <Enter> key on your keyboard).

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BioCommand will send the new setpoint to the controller; the Batch Summarywindow will display the new setpoint value; and you should also see theCurrent Value responding to the change in setpoint value.

In the Synoptic View:

Open this view by one of the following means:

A. Select View – Synoptic from the Main Menu;

B. Click on the Views tab in the “Setup” window, then select “Synoptic”from the ‘Current Views:’ pane.

You can change the setpoint for any items displayed on the Synoptic View:

1. Right-click on the loop’s icon. A submenu will open.

2. Click on “Setpoint Change”. The “Change Setpoint / Control Mode”window will open:

NOTE:BioCommand cannot change the loop setpoint unless the option Supv.By BioCommand (“Supervised by BioCommand”) is chosen in the‘Controlled’ pane of this window.

3. Click on the Supv. By BioCommand option button if it is not alreadyselected.

4. Now enter the new setpoint value in the Setpoint edit box.

5. Click on the {OK} button (or press the <Enter> key on your keyboard).

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BioCommand will send the new setpoint to the controller; the Batch Summarywindow will display the new setpoint value; and you should also see theCurrent Value responding to the change in setpoint value.

11.3.2 Changing Control Programs

You may edit the Program View to change control programs while a Batch isrunning.

You may also start or stop the Program in either of these two ways:

A. Open the Program View that you wish to modify, then select thedesired action from the Program selection on the Main Menu;

B. Right-click on the Output icon in the Program View, then select eitherRun or Stop from the menu.

See Section 6 for more details regarding Program Views.

11.3.3 Changing Process Views

Any of the views created as a part of the Recipe used for your Batch may bemodified or deleted. New views may also be created while the Batch isrunning, without interrupting the data acquisition and control functions of theprogram.

The techniques for doing this are the same as those used to create a Recipeand to add Views to it. This process is described in detail in Section 12,Creating and Editing Views. See also Sections 5, Synoptic Displays andOther Batch Views and 6, Creating Program Views.

11.3.4 Editing Views

To edit a View, you must first make that view active by one of the followingmethods:

A. Select it from the Views option on the Main Menu.

B. Click on the Views tab in the “Setup” notebook window.

When the view is displayed, edit it using the techniques described in Section12 , Creating and Editing Views.

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The changes you make to the view become effective immediately, but only asa part of this Batch; they are not added to the original Recipe that was used tostart the Batch.

11.3.5 Adding Views

To add Views, begin the process by one of the following two methods:

A. Select the Views tab from the “Setup” notebook, then click on thedesired type of view in the “New Views:” pane.

B. Select the appropriate item from the View submenu on the MainMenu.

The “Create View” window will open, and you can create the view to suityour needs, using the techniques described in Section 12, Creating andEditing Views.

The added view(s) will only be a part of the current Batch; the original Recipeused to start the Batch will not be modified.

11.3.6 Deleting Views

To delete a view from a Batch:

1. Open the desired View from either the Views tab on the “Setup” view orfrom the View selection on the Main Menu.

2. Place your cursor anywhere inside the View.

3. Right click to open a submenu.

4. Click on “Delete View” in the submenu.

This will clear the View, removing it from the “Current Views:” pane on the“Views” page of the Setup notebook and from the list under the Viewselection on the Main Menu.

After this is done, the deleted view will no longer be available to the Batchbeing run.

The View will only be deleted from this Batch, however; it will remain part ofthe original Recipe used to start the Batch.

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11.3.7 Ending a Batch

There is only one way to end a Batch:

1. Open the Setup window.

2. Click on the {End Batch} button.

When you do this, the program will automatically request confirmation beforecompleting the command:

3. Click on the {OK} button to confirm your desire to terminate the Batch, orclick on the {Cancel} button to save the active Batch from termination.(The Batch will continue to run until you choose.)

If you cancel, the program will return you to the “Setup” window with nointerruption in Batch operation.

When you end the Batch, the data logging files and all view windows willclose.

NOTE:

If you exit BioCommand without ending a Batch that is running, thefollowing window opens before the program shuts down:

Clicking the {OK} button will exit the program and clicking the {Cancel}button will return to the existing operation. While data logging willcease if the program is exited, the program remembers the Batchparameters, so when BioCommand is started the next time, you will beoffered the opportunity to resume the batch.

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If you have not disabled Batch Wizard, you can use the “StartingBioCommand 32” screen (shown below) to resume a batch that was runningwhen you exited:

If you have disabled Batch Wizard, the following window will appear as soonas you start up:

To resume immediately:

1. Click on the {Resume Batch} button. The Batch Setup View window willopen, and there will be a brief period while the program locates andconnects to the hardware.

BioCommand will resume control of the running batch and resume datalogging (from where it was when the program was shut down). The processwill then continue running as it has been prior to the program exit.

Starting BioCommand 32 _

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If you prefer to review information about the batch prior to making a decision:

1. Click on the {Details} button. The “Setup” view window will open:

This screen gives you the option of resuming the batch, modifying the batchparameters before resuming, or terminating the batch

NOTE:

When you resume a batch which has remained active while BioCommandwas closed, the total EFT for the hardware since the batch was startedwill still be accurate. The data log file, however, will have a gap for theperiod of time that BioCommand was not controlling the process.

11.3.8 Changing Data Logging Criteria

The only Data Logging criterion that you may change is the Log Interval.You may change the interval at any time, even while the batch is running:

1. Open to the Recipe tab or the Batch tab in the “Setup” view.

2. Click on the down arrow (�) in the ‘Log Interval (Mins)’ edit box, in the‘Time Data’ pane, and choose a time interval from the dropdown list; orenter a number directly into the edit box. (See important note below.)

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NOTE:If you enter a decimal number greater than one, the program will acceptit as entered.If you enter an interval of less than one, it will be rounded to the nearesttenth of a minute.

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1122 CCRREEAATTIINNGG && EEDDIITTIINNGG VVIIEEWWSS

The program sets up the Batch Summary View, which you are notpermitted to change its layout or function. This chapter describes thedetails of the creation, use, and editing of the other three views youmay choose to employ with the program.

As has been described previously, there are several ways to view data during a run.They are:

• Batch Summary – a tabular list of the loops that are active for the Batch being run withthe current value, setpoint, and output levels for each.

• Program View – operation of the setpoint controls for some of the loops at the fermentorcan be controlled based on the results of mathematical calculations or logical functionsthat use the current value, setpoint, or output level of other loops from the fermentorinterface as inputs. This window allows you to specify these functions in schematicequation format.

• Synoptic View – This view allows you to create a schematic picture of some parts of thephysical system and to place data values and labels on the picture to show at a glancewhat is happening within the system.

• Trend View – Many times it is most desirable to view the data plotted as a scientificgraph in real-time. The program allows you to select the data items to plot on the graph,the scale values to use, and other parameters regarding the plot.

12.1 AutoRefresh Feature

If you enable the AutoRefresh feature for any of the above views, the program willautomatically update the view whenever an operator networked with you makes changesto that view. If you wish to edit the view yourself, turn off AutoRefresh.

To turn AutoRefresh on:

1. Right click on the batch name tab at the bottom of the Recipe Setup screen. Asubmenu will open.

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2. Click on AutoRefresh (see sample screen below).

• A squiggle will appear next to the batch name to indicate that you are in AutoRefreshmode:

Click here

AutoRefreshis on

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To turn AutoRefresh off:

1. Right click on the batch name tab. The submenu will open.2. Click on AutoRefresh (which will have a checkmark next to it). The menu will

close, and the squiggle will disappear from the tab.

12.2 Program Views

BioCommand 32 refers to operator-defined programs as “views” because they aredesigned and displayed in a view format. When the Program Views function isentered, a new item is temporarily added to the Main Menu line across the top of thescreen named “Program”. All of the functions necessary to create, edit, and controlPrograms are available from the Program submenu:

Their functions are:

• Run – starts running the Program that is active on the screen. If no Batch isrunning, this selection will cause the program to start automatically when thebatch is started.

• Run All – starts running all Programs that are defined for this Batch. If no Batchis running, this selection will cause the program to start automatically when thebatch is started.

• Stop – stops running the Program that is active on the screen.• Stop All – stops running all Programs that are defined for this Batch.• Elements – provides access to most of the functions that may be used in the

definition of a Program. These are also on the Program toolbar.• Line – provides the capability of drawing lines to connect the various elements in

the Program. This is also on the Program toolbar.• Erase – allows elements and lines to be erased from the Program.• Select All – allows you to select all the elements at once in the Program display.• Move Block – allows elements to be moved around the screen while maintaining

connections via lines to other elements.• Move Program – allows the movement of a group of elements ending in a

Setpoint or User-Loop element as a complete program block. Lines and spatialrelationships between elements are maintained.

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12.2.1 Program View Toolbar

As explained in Chapter 6, all of the functions and calculations for creatingand editing programs are also available as icons on a special Toolbar thatappears on the right side of the window whenever Edit Program View isentered.

The functions of each item on this Toolbar are shown and described below.Here are the Program View Toolbar icons:

The functions of the Toolbar icons are:

• Input – a signal or data value to be entered into the program. It may be the CurrentValue, Setpoint or Control Output of a loop, a Constant, or the EFT in hours.

• Constant – will perform the same function as selecting Const from the Inputfunction mentioned above.

• Setpoint output – allows the result of a calculation to be applied to the setpoint fora loop. When you double-click this item, the standard “Select Loop” window willopen for you to designate the loop to which the setpoint is to be applied.

• User-Defined loop – allows the Program View function to create a loop to yourspecifications. This loop is added to the list of loops available for use by the Recipeor Batch in which it is created. The output of the program created may be used asthe Current Value of any other loop.

Constant

User-Defined Loop

Subtract

Divide

Reciprocal

Natural Log

Limit

Change sign

Time Profile

Comment

Set

Logical OR

Exclusive OR

Select Items

Input

Setpoint Output

Add

Multiply

Absolute Value

Exponential

Square Root

Totalizer

User-Defined Function

PWM Output

IF

Logical AND

Logical Complement

Draw Lines

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• Add, Subtract, Multiply, Divide, Absolute Value, Reciprocal, Exponential,Natural log, and Square root – are the standard mathematical operations formodifying program parameters and data values.

NOTE:The ‘Add’ and ‘Multiply’ icons can take as many as three inputs:

For the ‘Subtract’ (left) and ‘Divide’ (right) icons, input placement is veryimportant:

The output of the ‘Subtract’ diagram (above left) will be A - B, and theoutput of the ‘Divide’ diagram (above right) will be A/B.

• Limit – gives you an opportunity to prevent a program value from exceeding ordropping below certain values.

• Totalizer – this is a summing function where the output is (previous output) plus(input multiplied by the gain factor).

• Change sign – the output value is the input value multiplied by (–1).• User-defined function – this allows the entry of a complex user-defined

calculation. After placing this block on the Program View palette, double-clicking on it will bring up the “User-Defined Function” Editor window. Thisblock has four inputs (X1, X2, X3 and X4) and one output (F). The editorwindow has a block for you to insert your custom programming operations (seeSection 12.2.4 for details on the user-defined function block).

• Time profile – allows you to enter a set of conditions whereby certain functionsare performed after the passing of a preset time period.

• PWM Output – allows you to create a continually recurring, timed signal. Whenyou import this icon into your view, it has two edit boxes. By typing into each editbox, you specify the Period (in minutes) of recurrence and the Width or Duty (inminutes): how long the signal will be on. The program will generate a True outputfor the width/duty specified; it will generate a False output the rest of the time. Anexcellent application for the PWM output is to program feeding strategies.

+ x

+A

B

÷÷÷÷A

B

A-B A/B

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A typical program would tie the PWM output box to a Pump icon, which would beset with the desired feed value (e.g., 80%). When the PWM output is True, thepump will feed; when the output is False, no feeding will occur.

• Comment – allows you to add a brief comment (limited to 32 alphanumericcharacters, including spaces and/or punctuation) to your view. If you choose toimport this icon, even though it has no active effect on the equation you haveprogrammed, you must tie it into the program to retain it. We suggest that youposition the Comment box between the last mathematical function icon and theSetpoint/Output icon. Use the Draw Lines function to connect the putput of the lastmath function to the input of the Comment box, then draw a line from the output ofthe Comment box to the input of the Setpoint/Output icon.

• If – provides a method whereby you may make a logical comparison between twoitems and produce a True or False output based on that comparison.

• Set – allows you to select between two inputs based on a third logic input. Thatis, if the logic input is True, input A is selected, and if the logic input is False,input B is selected.

• Logical AND, Logical OR, Logical complement, and Exclusive OR – are thestandard logical functions that their name signifies.

NOTE:Like the ‘Add’ and ‘Multiply’ icons, the ‘Logical AND’ and ‘Logical OR’icons can take as many as three inputs (and order is not important):

• Draw lines - the function for connecting the signal paths of the various functions:i.e., input to mathematical function, mathematical function output to Setpoint, etc.The cursor changes to a plus sign when in the draw line mode. Click on the startpoint, which must be inside the border of an appropriate item (i.e., one that hasinput or output ports), and as you move the cursor, a dotted line indicates wherethe line will be. This path will always be orthogonal in two directions. If youneed to change directions, click once to start a new orthogonal line. When youreach the end point, which also must be an item with an appropriate input oroutput port, click the mouse to connect the line to that point. You can then start anew line, or end the Draw lines function. At any time you can exit this functionby double-clicking the left mouse button. Note that the program will not allowtwo output ports to be connected together. If either of two connected items ismoved, it may be moved using the Move Block function to appropriately changethe line between them to maintain the connection.

• Select items – allows you to abort the Draw lines function.

AND OR

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Most of these functions are also available from the Elements selection on the Programmenu:

The selections contained within these submenus are:

• In/Out – allows access to the input and output functions in the top section of theToolbar.

• Math Functions – allows access to the 10 mathematical functions and PWMOutput in the second section of the Toolbar.

• Logical Functions – allows access to the 6 logical functions in the third sectionof the Toolbar.

• Special Functions – allows access to the 2 special functions (User-DefinedFunction and Time Profile) toward the bottom of the second Toolbar section.

12.2.2 Creating a Program

As demonstrated in Chapter 6, to create a Program:

1. Click on the icon that represents the program function you need, or select the itemfrom the Program menu.

2. Move your cursor into the Program View window. A small box, the size of theoutline of the item, will appear, attached to the cursor.

3. Click to anchor the icon box at the desired location.

4. If you wish to remove an item after it has been placed in the view, click on it. Ared border will appear around the item. Press the <Delete> key. The item willdisappear from the view.

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5. To move an item once it has been anchored, selecting Move Block or MoveProgram from the Program menu. The cursor will become a four-headed arrow.Place the arrow over the item to be moved. Hold the left mouse button down to“grasp” the item, and use the mouse to move it to the preferred location. TheMove Block selection maintains the connection(s) you have drawn to any otherelements, while the Move Program selection moves an entire group of blocks (aprogram), maintaining both the connections and the spatial relationship betweenthe elements.

Right-clicking on any element on the program view will open a submenu with 8 itemson it:

The Move Block, Move Program, Run and Stop selections function the same as thelike-named functions from the Program menu. The Cut, Copy, and Paste selectionsperform the standard Windows editing functions.

The Properties selection will open up another window to set the characteristics for theelement. This window will vary according to the nature of the element. Furthermore,it will not have any effect on certain elements, such as the mathematical functions.Double-clicking on the icon may also open the Properties window.

12.2.3 Icon Element Properties

You can access and use a Properties window for the following:

• Inputs – For this function, the “Set Control Block Parameters” window opens(see sample window below). This allows the input for the selected block to comefrom a constant numerical value, the EFT for the Batch, or the Current Value,Setpoint, or Output level for a loop. Clicking the “Const” option button willallow a numerical value to be entered into the edit box. Clicking the “EFT”option button will enter the EFT as the input. Clicking the “Lp>>” button willopen up the “Select Loop” window and allow you to select the loop for which youwant to use the current value, setpoint, or output level as an input.

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• Constant Inputs – When you select this item, the “BioCommand DiagramEditor” window opens so you can enter the numerical constant. Type the desirednumber in the edit box and click the {OK} button to enter the constant into theprogram.

• User-Defined Function – When you select this item, the “BioCommandDiagram Editor” window opens for the entry of the name that will be used toidentify this loop. Enter the desired name in the edit box and click the {OK}button to attach the name to the loop.

NOTE:This name is limited to 10 alphanumeric characters and must be unique.If the name of an existing loop is entered, the following window willopen and BioCommand will not allow the name to be used:

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Clicking {OK} will return you to the “BioCommand Diagram Editor” screen so youcan enter a unique name.

• Limit Function – When you select this function, the “Set Control Block Parameters”window will open (see sample below) so you can enter a high and a low limit value.As shown in the sample window below, the limit values may be a constant that youdetermine, the EFT for the Batch, or the Current Value, Setpoint or Output level for aloop. Make your selection and enter values as described above under Input. Onceyou have entered both limits, click the {OK} button to return to the Program View.

• Totalizer Function – When you select this item, the “BioCommand DiagramEditor” window opens (see sample below) so you can enter the numericalconstant. This constant is the gain value for the Totalizer in reciprocal minutes.Enter the desired value in the edit box and click the {OK} button.

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12.2.4 Special Functions

The User-Defined Function and Time Profile function are available through theMain Menu: select Program – Elements – Special Functions. You can also accesstheir icons on the Program Toolbar.

• User-Defined Function – When you select this item, the User-Defined FunctionEditor window (see sample below) will open. This function allows up to fourinputs and one output. This editor lets you enter BASIC programming code thatwill define the relationship between these items. You enter your program codeafter the line “UserCode:”.

The programming code must be compatible with MicroSoft VisualBASIC.

There are some functions that are not available for use:

Unavailable to User-Defined Function BlockDeclare Shell Input Open Kill RmDir MsgBox Print

The inputs are variables labeled X1, X2, X3 and X4; the output is a variable labeled F:

Reserved Variables (pre-defined for use in User-Defined Function Block)X1 References the value of the signal connected to Input X1X2 References the value of the signal connected to Input X2X3 References the value of the signal connected to Input X3X4 References the value of the signal connected to Input X4F Assignments to F set the value of the output signal.

F references the value currently assigned to the output signal.

User programcode goes

here

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There are also six pre-defined custom functions:

Custom Functions (pre-defined for use in User-Defined Function Editor)GetCV(“LoopName”)1 This command returns the Current value of the

designated Loop.GetSP(“LoopName”) 1 This command returns the Setpoint of the

designated Loop.GetOU(“LoopName”) 1 This command returns the controller Output of

the designated Loop.GetEFTHours()2 This command returns the EFT in decimal

hours.Save(Register,Value) 2 This command saves “Value” to storage static

register number “Register”.Retrieve(Register) 2 This command retrieves the Value stored in

static register number “Register”.

1 NOTE:The Loop Name must be enclosed in quotation marks and must matchexactly the loop name in the BioCommand batch, including the case ofeach letter.

2 NOTE:Valid register numbers are 0 through 9. Each function block hasseparate and independent static storage registers.

If an error occurs during the calculation, such as a divide-by-zero error, the outputwill be automatically set to zero and the function will exit.

CAUTION!

ESSENTIAL: Once you have finished entering code, click the {Check}button to verify the syntax of your code entry. A window labeled“NBSDBSvr” with a Results label will open: if there are no syntax errors, the labelwill say “OK”; if there are errors, it will read “NG”.

NOTE:Never try to run a program with a user-defined function that has notchecked out OK.

Be sure to avoid any type of infinite loop program that willleave your computer inaccessible as it endlessly attemptsthe impossible.

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After you have checked and, if necessary, revised and rechecked your code, click the{OK} button to return to the Program View screen.

• Time profile function – When you select this item, the “Time Profile Editor” windowwill open. This function allows you to enter an EFT-related alteration of a variable inthe program. The sample screen below shows an example profile that may be used toadjust the setpoint of the Agitation loop for a Batch. The EFT and Value items areentered as a standard edit box entry. The Mode entry has two possibilities, Step andRamp. Ramp provides a gradual increase or decrease between two points, while Stepeffects the desired change at pre-designated intervals:

Ramp: Step:

Enter an “R” to specify a Ramp function. Entering any other letter will default to aStep function.

When the Time Profile is complete, click on the {OK} button to save it to theRecipe or Batch.

• If Function – when you select this item, the “Set Control Block Parameters”window (see sample below) will open. This function allows magnitudecomparisons to be made between two variables, to produce a True or False outputbased on that comparison.

1. In the ‘Enter a constant or click Lp’ pane, enter one of the two items to becompared into the first edit box. It may be a constant, the EFT, or a Loop’sCurrent Value, Setpoint or Output Level.

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2. Select the corresponding option button (Const for a constant, EFT for theelapsed fermentation time, or Lp>> for a loop value).

3. Enter the second of the two items to be compared into the second edit box.

4. Select the corresponding option button.

The four possible comparison types are shown in the pane labeled ‘Comparison’.These comparisons relate the first item to the second: > means that thefunction is true if the top item value is greater than the bottom item value.Similarly, the functions of the other operators are: >= is greater than or equal to,< is less than, and <= is less than or equal to.

5. Select the option button corresponding to the appropriate type of comparison.

6. When you have entered all of the information, click the {OK} button to returnto the Program view screen.

NOTE:In the IF function, 0 = False and any number other than zero = True.

• Set Function – When you select this item, the “Set Control Block Parameters”window (as shown below) will open:

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Your Program equation, which feeds the SET function from your IF and/orAND function(s), will result in either a True or a False output.

In the SET screen above, as you did in the IF screen, enter a constant, an EFT,or a Loop parameter (Current value, Setpoint or Output Level) for both Trueand False operations. The Program will apply the output according to yourinstructions.

NOTE:Be sure to Save the program(s) you create, and to initiate theprogram(s) using the Run function.

When your Program View is complete, right-click anywhere on the program view,except on an icon, and select Save View. The next time you open the Views tab inthe Setup window, you will see your program listed in the Current Views pane.

To run the program, click on the Setpoint icon. When a red box appears around it,you may initiate the Run function in one of two ways:

A. Right-click on the Setpoint icon, then select Run from the dropdown menu.

B. Select Program – Run from the Main Menu.

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12.3 Synoptic Views

When you enter this function, a new item named “Synoptic” is temporarily added tothe Main Menu line. This menu item has three selections on its submenu, as shownbelow:

If the Design Mode selection has a check mark beside it, that function is active andthe view may be edited. No check mark means that the Run mode is active and thatthe running Batch will cause the program to display loop values on the SynopticView.

When the synoptic view screen opens, it will display the current EFT in the title bar.

Selecting Gauges from this menu will open up a submenu, as shown below:

This list contains all of the icons that may be placed on the Synoptic View.

All of the available functions are also featured on a Toolbar that appears on the rightside of the window when you enter Edit Synoptic View. The functions of each itemon this Menu and Toolbar are shown below:

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12.3.1 Design Mode

To use all of the functions for the placement and customization of the Synoptic View,the program must be in Design mode:

1. Click on the Design/Run icon on the Toolbar or select Design Mode on theSynoptic menu. If the Design mode is active, there will be a checkmark besidethe selection on the menu, a dotted grid on the “Synoptic View” window, and theDesign/Run icon will be highlighted.

2. To place icons on the Synoptic View window, click on the desired icon (or selectthe item from the Synoptic menu).

3. Move the cursor into the View window; a small box, appropriate to the size of theitem, will be attached to it.

4. Place the icon in the desired location, then click to anchor it in place.

5. If you need to remove an item after you place it on the View window, click on it.A red border will appear around the item. Press the <Delete> key to remove theitem from the view.

Faceplate gauge

Name Tag

Static Label

Input/Output Arrow

Pump

Peristaltic Pump

Vessel

Valve

Flowmeter

Heat Exchanger

Addition Tank

Filter

Draw Lines

Design/Run Mode

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6. There will also be resizing points around the periphery of the item. If you movethe cursor one of these points, the cursor changes to a double-headed arrow. Youcan resize the icon using standard Windows® techniques.

7. You can move any icon by clicking on it, then moving the mouse while you holddown the left button. Release the button when the item is in place.

NOTE:Remember that the Edit Synoptic View function must be in Design Mode formost of the above functions to be available.

If you right-click on an icon that you have placed in the Synoptic View window, youwill open a menu of seven selections for adjusting the characteristics of that item (seethe sample below, a Flowmeter icon).

These selections allow you to do the following:

• Properties – If you select this item, the “Select Loop” window will open. Thiswindow lists the loops available in the system; it allows you to select the loop thatpertains to the item involved. You select the loop clicking on it, then you click{OK} to apply this selection to the item and to return to the Synoptic Viewscreen. If you click the {Cancel} button, the program will discard the selectionand return to the Synoptic View with no change.

• Setpoint Change – When you select this item, the “Change Setpoint / ControlMode” window for the loop represented by this item will open. In this window,you can enter the setpoint for the item involved, such as the flow rate for a pump,etc. The loop must have the “Controlled” selection set to ‘Supv. ByBioCommand’ in order to be effective.

• Cut, Copy, Paste, and Delete – These are standard Windows editing functions.

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The functions of the Gauges items/Toolbar icons are:

• Faceplate gauge/Face Plate – displays the Setpoint (SP), Current value (CV),and the percentage output (OU) for a selected loop.

• Name Tag – places a label on the view which may display the Current Value,Setpoint or Output level for any loop in the Batch.

• Static label/Label – allows you to label any part of the view. Place the label atthe desired location on the view and then double-click on the label face. This willopen an edit box entitled “Enter label caption”. The current label is displayed;you may alter it using standard editing techniques. When the label says what youwant, press the <Enter> key or click {OK} to exit the edit caption function. Thelabel will then show the new caption. If you change your mind, click the{Cancel} button to exit the function. The label caption will default to its previousreading.

• Input/output arrow – is used to show the direction of flow associated withanother item on the view.

• Pump – is a schematic depiction of a standard fluid pump.• Peristaltic pump - is a schematic depiction of a peristaltic pump.• Vessel – a representative drawing of a fermentation vessel. This is usually the

first icon you place on the Synoptic View window. There is a label at the top ofthe icon that says “Vessel”. You can change the label: double-click on the labelbox to obtain a pull-down arrow (�). Click on the arrow to display a list ofavailable NBS Systems. Select the appropriate one. This system name will thenappear in the label box; press the <Enter> key to apply this new name. (You canalso change the name by clicking on the label and then typing in a new name.Press the <Enter> key to save the new name.)

• Valve – represents a solenoid valve.• Flowmeter/Mass Flow Controller, Heat exchanger, Addition tank/Tank,

Filter – are icons that represent the elements that the names suggest.• Draw lines – is the function for connecting the fluid paths of the other icons: i.e.,

pump to filter, filter to flowmeter, etc. This function is described in detailelsewhere in this manual.

• Design/Run mode – this will toggle the program function between both modes.

The other selection from the Synoptic menu is the Lines function. This contains threeoptions used for drawing lines to connect the gauge icons in your view: Draw Lines,Line Color and Line Thickness:

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• The Draw Lines selection is the same as the Draw Lines icon on the Toolbar.• The Line Color selection opens another submenu with seven color selections.• The Thickness selection opens up a submenu with three line thickness selections,

numbered 1, 2 and 3. Number 1, which is the default, is the narrowest line andnumber 3 is the thickest.

If you right-click anywhere on the Synoptic View screen itself, not on an icon, youwill open a submenu with six selections:

These selections have the following functions:

• Default View – selects the current view as the Default view.• Save View – updates the Recipe or Batch file by saving the current view.• Delete View – will delete this view from the Batch or Recipe that is active at the

time.• Print View – allows you to print the view currently active on the screen.• Copy All, Paste – these are standard Windows editing functions.

12.4 Trend Views

The Trend view allows the plotting of up to eight data items in real time on a singlegraph. As demonstrated in Chapter 5, each item is plotted in a different color for easyidentification, and each item may be scaled independently. When the batch is active, thedata is plotted at the Log Interval specified in the recipe. Multiple Trend Views may becreated to display more than eight loop items.

The Trend View window is shown below:

• The upper graph area is the region where the data is plotted.• There are two y-axis scales visible at any time. Their scale may be changed to be

appropriate for the various loop values that you select for plotting.• The x-axis is a time axis for the Elapsed Fermentation Time (EFT). It initially starts

at zero and is one hour wide. The time scale may be altered to whatever you feel isappropriate.

Default View Save View Delete View Print View

Copy All Paste

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• At the bottom of the window is the control panel that is used to set up and modify theplot, and to display the Current Values for the loops being plotted. In the samplescreen, all of the values are zero because no batch is active.

• Each of the notebook tabs on this control panel is described separately below.

If you click the cursor in the gray area on either side of the Control Panel, the panel willchange to colored loop buttons, as shown below:

PLOT AREALEFT Y-AXIS: Scaled & coloredfor Agitation Loop

RIGHT Y-AXIS:Scaled & colored forAir Loop

X-AXIS: start ofplot EFT

X-AXIS: endof plot EFT

CONTROLPANEL

SLIDER tochange plottime zones

CURRENT VALUE readout(loop identified by color)

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Normally the active EFT (as a digital clock) is displayed along the x-axis, above theslider bar. As you move the cursor over any colored button, the name of the loop beingplotted in that color will be briefly displayed in place of the clock. When you click onthe button, the loop name is displayed there (in the sample above, we have clicked on thered button, so the display reads: “CurrentBatch\Agit1”), and one of the two y-axes willbe assigned to that loop.

Each additional click, on that button or another one, will alternate from the left side to theright side of the graph. At any time you can click again in the lower gray area of thewindow to return to the main Trend View (with the control panel).

While you are in the colored block view (see sample above), if you click on the small,white triangle at the lower right corner of the view, the display will change. Now it willshow only the two loops identified by the y-axes on the left and right sides of the graph.

When your cursor is outside the plot area, two small panes separated by the EFT timeclock will identify the loops they represent. Note that each loop name is written in thecolor you assigned to it (see sample screen below).

If the cursor is inside the plot area, the panel will show the current values of the twoloops as shown in the sample screen below:

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You can use the slider bar (just below the x-axis) to move the graph display through theBatch run time record. Place the cursor on the slider, hold the left mouse button down,and move the mouse horizontally right or left. The plot will move correspondinglyforward or backward through the data. You can also use the arrow keys ( or ) tomove through the time record. For convenience, at any time you can click on the far leftclock readout to return to the 00:00:00 start time.

You can also scroll through the graph using the cursor. As your cursor moveshorizontally within the plot area, click once and hold it. A rolling vertical plot line willappear under the point of your cursor. The time and current values will read out as youmove the plot line. For easy reference, double click to leave plot lines at desiredintervals.

If you right-click the mouse while your cursor is on the Trend View window but outsidethe Control Panel , a submenu with five choices will appear (as shown below):

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The functions of these selections are:

• Default View – selects this view as the Default view.• Save View – updates the Recipe or Batch file by saving the current view.• Delete View – removes this view from the Batch or Recipe that is active at the time.• Print View – prints the view on the default printer connected to the system.• Zoom – allows the time scale of the plot to be changed to a greater (“Out”) value or

lesser (“In”) value.

Control Panel: There are four tabs on the Control Panel at the bottom of the TrendView Screen. They are labeled Main, Loops, Graphs and Styles.

12.4.1 MAIN Control Panel Tab

When a batch is active, the loop panes in this control panel will display theCurrent Value for each loop, as long as your cursor is somewhere inside the plotarea. In the sample screen above, all panes display zeroes because no batch isactive. Note that the each value is shown in its loop’s plot color.When your cursor is outside the plot area, the loop panes display the loop name,each in its plot color.

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12.4.2 LOOPS Control Panel Tab

Selecting the “Loops” tab from the Control Panel changes the display to thewindow shown below.

Use this window to assign colors and plot order (1 to 8) to the loops you will beplotting in this view:

1. Click on the {Setup Loop1} button. The “Select Loop” window will open.

2. Select the name of the loop you want to see plotted first, and click on {OK} inthe “Select Loop” window. The loop name will appear in the ‘ControlLoop’box.

3. Click on the {>>} button to move to the next loop. In a new color, the buttonwill now be labeled Setup Loop2.

4. Repeat the above steps until all loops have been assigned a number and color.

12.4.3 GRAPHS Control Panel Tab

Once the loops have been selected for plotting, it is appropriate to set the plotscales for each.

1. Click on the Graphs tab:

You will automatically be given Loop 1 to work with.

2. Set the low and high limits of the loop’s y-axis scale by entering numbers inthe ‘Low’ and ‘High’ edit boxes.

This checkbox is not available toyour application.

Loop number youhave assigned

Loop nameyou haveassigned, inchosen color

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3. Click on the {<<} or {>>} buttons to step through each loop, and to set scalelimits for each one individually. As each loop number is selected, the box onthe right of the pane will display the name of that loop.

4. You may also set the x-axis limits here: ‘View Start’ and ‘View End’. Thedefault values are 00:00 to 01:00.

12.4.4 STYLES Control Panel Tab

You may choose the line width and plot style for each loop in the graph from the“Styles” tab selection:

1. There are two line widths available. The thinner line is the default selection;you will see that its option button is selected. If you wish to change to thethicker line, click on its option button.

2. Four plot styles are available. Click the option button of the style you choose.(The seamless point to point graph line is the default choice.)

12.4.5 Modifying a Trend View

1. Return to the Main tab on the Control Panel.

2. Right-click with the cursor over any active loop button to open a submenu offour items as shown below:

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The functions of these selections are:

• Graph Settings – this item is not currently functional.• Change Graph Color – allows you to change the plot color for the selected

loop and the background color for the entire Trend graph. See details below.• Delete Graph – removes the selected loop from the graph• Zoom – allows the time scale of the plot to be changed to a greater (“Out”)

value or lesser (“In”) value.

When you select “Change Graph Color” from the above submenu, the followingwindow opens:

Choose the desiredoption: Line orBackground

The color youare going to

change. Sliders tocustom mix acolor.

Palette ofavailable

colors.

Current loop line colorand currentbackground color.

Selected loop: you arechanging colors for theplotting of this loop.

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The button-like pane in the lower right corner of the window displays the name ofthe loop selected for change.

1. Decide whether you wish to change the plot line color or the plot backgroundcolor.

2. Click on the appropriate option button: Set Line Color or Set BackgroundColor.

3. The pane below the Set Line Color option button displays the color that willbe changed; in the sample screen, it is red. If we had selected Set BackgroundColor, this pane would be green, as it is in our sample graphs.

4. To change the color, click on the desired color in the palette.

5. If you do not see the color you want, you can custom mix one. Each of thethree slider bars will modify the percentage of one of the three primary colorsthat will make up your color:

• The top bar controls the amount of red, the middle controls the green, andthe bottom is for blue. Change the proportions of each color by movingeach slider bar to the left (less) or right (more).

• The left and right pointing arrows ( and ) on the ends of the slider barmay also be clicked to move the slider bar in small increments across therange.

6. The pane below the slider bars displays the current color of both backgroundand loop plot. As you make changes, the new color(s) will be displayed inthis pane.

The {Cancel} button will remove the last changes you applied.The {Default} button will return the colors to the original colors defined by theprogram.

7. Click the {Apply} button to save and to make effective any color changes youhave made. As you make color changes, they are also displayed on the TrendView that is on the Main Screen after you click the {Apply} button

NOTE:You can change the plot background color via any loop’s “Change GraphColor” screen. Of course, that new background color will apply to the plotgraph for all of the loops.

8. Once you have applied your new colors, click the {Close} button to exit thisfunction.

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If you find that BioCommand does not work, or does not respondproperly, there are a few possible reasons you can easily check andresolve yourself. If the following recommendations do not eliminate yourdifficulty, please contact your NBS Representative or NBS Service.

13.1 Troubleshooting Guide

If you encounter any of the following symptoms during initial set-up, or at anyother time while you are working with BioCommand, try the suggested solution(s)before you call for service:

Symptom Possible SolutionRecipes are not available to thenetwork.

• Make sure the recipes are saved to a sharedfolder.

• Check cable connections (including com port)and power to AFS interface box.

No feedback is available fromfermentor.

• Make sure power is connected.• Check all settings as specified in the system

Set-Up instructions.• Check version of Bclocal (minimum of 2.X is

required).• Check settings on local controller.

Network performance is slow. • Data is being logged directly to the server. Setdata to log on the workstation(s) instead, andtransfer the data to the server at a later time.

• Change logging interval to a higher number.

Workstation performance isslow.

• There may be too many fermentors on oneworkstation. Try reducing to fewer than six.

Communication between theworkstation and the fermentorhas been lost.

• Check power to the fermentor.• Check whether the server has disconnected the

workstation.1

• Check network cable.

1 Network personnel sometimes use a workstation to perform remote system checks. This may cause the workstation to disconnect from its fermentor(s).

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Symptom Possible SolutionFermentor loops are not reporting. • Make sure that the loops are not engaged in

a batch that is still running.

Only 10 loops are reporting. • If you are using an AFS Interface box, thisis normal. The box can only handle 10.

Certain files do not self-register. • These files may be running in thebackground. Run Task Manager to verifythat the files have stopped, then reinstallBioCommand.

• In Windows© NT 4.0 or 2000, make surethat the logged-on user has administrativeprivileges on the computer, then reinstallBioCommand.

WINDOWS© 98 ONLY:Unable to connect to the fermentor.

• Make sure DCOMCNFG is installed.

If you have encountered a problem not covered in this guide, or if the solutions proposedabove do not resolve your difficulty, please call your NBS Representative or NBSService.

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1144 SSPPEECCIIFFIICCAATTIIOONNSS && SSYYSSTTEEMM

RREEQQUUIIRREEMMEENNTTSS

14.1 BioCommand Specifications

Product type Bioprocess supervisory softwareCode 32-bitMedia CD-ROMCompatible Operating Systems Windows 98, NT4.0, 2000Network connectivity YesSupported Products All New Brunswick Scientific computer-

capable products

14.2 System Requirements

14.2.1 Minimum Computer Requirements

• PC, 350 MHz Pentium II

• 64 MB RAM

• 100 MHz bus

• CD ROM

• 1 GB Hard Drive

• 1.4MB 3.5” drive

• Mouse or equivalent pointing device

• Sound card, Operating System-compatible

• 38 KB RS232 COM port

• 15” monitor

• 800 x 600 SVGA, 256 colors

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For networking or direct communication with 16-loop ML-6100-type controllers add:

• 10 MB LAN adapter, twisted pair TCP/IP protocol.

14.2.2 Recommended Computer

As indicated in Minimum Computer Requirements above, exceptthat we recommend the following for best performance and usercomfort:

• PC 500 MHz Pentium III

• 128 MB RAM

• 4GB HD

• Larger monitor and higher resolution to suit displayrequirements

14.2.3 Computer Operating Systems:

In non–networked applications with communication to a 10-loopAFS BioCommand Interface box, use:

• Windows 2000, Windows NT 4.0 or Windows 98

In networked systems, or for direct communication with 16-loopML-6100 controllers:

• At least one Windows NT 4.0. server is required, with adomain on which each fermentor and workstationcommunicating through BioCommand can reside.

14.3 Network and Communications Requirements

BioCommand can work both as a stand-alone and in a networked computer.Communications requirements vary with the number of workstations and thenumber and type of controllers supervised. See Section 15.1 for a list of the typeof controllers found in several NBS products.

A stand-alone installation can supervise up to eight controllers through the AFSBioCommand Interface. Computer-to-Interface communication is via RS-232,and the Interface-to-controllers link is via RS-422 serial communications. Referto the AFS BioCommand Interface instructions for more detail.

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In a networked installation, the network determines the maximum number ofcontrollers and workstations.

The table below summarizes the communications requirements for a singleworkstation. Multiple workstations must always be networked. Refer to Section15.1 for a listing of controller types in various NBS products.

Type of Controller Quantity Communication

10-Loop 1-8 AFS BioCommand Interface(s)

> 8 AFS BioCommand Interface(s)PLUSNetwork

16-loop 1 or more Network

16-loop(supervising only10 loops)

1 or more AFS BioCommand Interface(s)ORNetwork

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15.1 Computer, Interface, and Networking Hardware

It is beyond the scope of this manual to detail the installation of computer ornetworking systems. Refer to the manufacturer’s instructions and networkingmanuals; refer also to the AFS BioCommand Interface setup instructions if thatinstrument is part of your system.

This section summarizes the type of computer-to-controller interface required fordifferent applications.

First, determine the type and quantity of digital controllers to be used withBioCommand:

PRODUCT NAMES TYPE OF CONTROLLER

4-20 mA Controller

BioFlo III, IV, 3000, 4000, 5000

CelliGen Plus Bioreactor

General Purpose Controller

Mobile Pilot Plant

ML-4100 Controller

10-Loop

BioFlo 4500, 6000

ML-6100, ML-6100r

16-Loop

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15.1.1 BioCommand as an Upgrade to AFS BioCommand

BioCommand can be installed on an appropriate computer as an upgradeto AFS BioCommand with no other changes to system components. Suchan upgrade retains the same connectivity regarding the maximum numberof instruments (8) and the number of loops (10) per instrument.

15.1.2 10-Loop Controllers

An AFS BioCommand Interface Box is required for NBS 10-loopcontrollers.

Each AFS BioCommand Interface Box can support as many as eight NBS10-loop controllers. The interface box connects via a single RS-232 cableto the serial port of a single computer. Controlled instruments attach tothe AFS BioCommand Interface Box via RS-422 cables in a daisy-chainfashion. Each of the two ports on the AFS BioCommand Interface Boxsupports up to four controlled instruments connected via daisy-chainedRS-422 cables. Additional computers can be networked to support morethan eight 10-loop controllers.

15.1.3 16-Loop Controllers

NBS 16-loop controllers with a LAN port do not require the AFSBioCommand Interface Box. If a 16-loop controller is connected using anRS-422 cable to the AFS BioCommand Interface Box, only the 10controller loops will be able to communicate with BioCommand.

15.1.4 When a Network is Required

You will need to use a network to:

• supervise more than eight 10-loop controllers. Two or morecomputers must be networked.

• supervise more than 10 loops from one or more 16-loop controllers.The controller(s) must be networked to the computer(s).

• use multiple workstations. The workstations and 16-loop controllers(if any) must be networked.

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15.2 Fermentor and Bioreactor Installation

Refer to the appropriate instruction manuals, or contact New BrunswickScientific.

15.3 Configuring Server & Workstations for Networked Use

To operate BioCommand in a networked environment, a Windows® NT 4.0 or highernetwork must be established. The following requirements must be met:

1. Configure a computer with Windows® NT 4.0 Server (Service pack 5) or higheras a primary domain controller (PDC).

2. Configure the PDC for TCP/IP protocol with DHCP service installed. Set theTCP/IP address of the server to 192.168.1.1 and set the DHCP server to assignaddresses in the range of 192.168.1.4 to 192.168.1.254 .

3. Add user accounts to the domain for ‘BCLOCAL’, and any other domain users.Make the password for the BCLOCAL account ‘bclocal’.

4. Create a shared folder (\\SERVER\BC32\USERS\)on the PDC to hold theBioCommand workgroup file. Give full control permissions to all workstationusers.

5. Create shared folders for common recipes (\\SERVER\BC32\RECIPES\) and forbatch file archives (\\SERVER\BC32\BATCHES\). Give full control permissionsto all workstation users.

6. Add each network-equipped fermentor and each workstation to the PDC’sdomain.

7. Using the LCAUTO program supplied with the fermentor’s operator interfaceprogram, configure each fermentor to automatically log on to the PDC’s domainas user ‘BCLOCAL’ with password ‘bclocal’.

CAUTION!The following instructions are intended for networktechnicians only.

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15.4 Creating a BioCommand Workgroup

1. Create or have the system administrator create a shared folder on thenetwork server with full access permissions for all users who will bemembers of the workgroup. – Suggested share name: USERS

2. On any workstation where BC32 has been installed, there is a file calledBC32USERS.MDW in the BioCommand install directory. Copy it to thenewly created network folder, \\SERVER\USERS\ .

3. From a BioCommand workstation, run BioCommand. From the mainmenu, select User – Select workgroup. Set the workgroup path to point toBC32USERS.MDW in the network server folder.

4. Exit and restart BioCommand.

5. From the main menu, select User – Manage Accounts.

6. In the account manager dialog, add a user account for each member of theworkgroup.

7. Determine who, in addition to the Admin user, will be given administratoraccess and add the user(s) to the Admin’s group.

8. Determine which users will be allowed to create recipes and add thoseusers to the Recipe Creators group.

9. Close the account manager dialog.

10. Select from the main menu User – Change Password and enter a passwordfor the Admin user.

• Each user may change his password later.

• For each workstation that will be part of the workgroup, repeat thefollowing three steps:

11. Start BioCommand.

12. From the main menu, select User – Select Workgroup. Set the workgrouppath to point to BC32USERS.MDW in the network server folder.

13. Exit BioCommand.

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1166 DDAATTAA LLOOGG FFOORRMMAATT

Batch data is stored in a format compatible with the Microsoft Access databasemanagement program. The figure below shows the list of tables generated for a typicalBatch. Any program that can read Access format data may use the data from aBioCommand process. The data may be manipulated and displayed in any of the formatsallowed by the database program.

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In addition to the Batch loop data, the database contains all of the parameters that wereused when the Batch was run, no matter what the starting Recipe parameters were. Thecontents of the various tables are described in the following sections.

16.1 Settings

16.1.1 AlarmSettings

If you have set alarm parameters for any loops, this table will list them.The format of this table is very similar to the format of the table you usedto set the alarms in BioCommand.

16.1.2 AlertSettings

If you have set alert parameters for any loops, this table will list them.The format of this table is very similar to the format of the table you usedto set the alerts in BioCommand.

16.1.3 CascadeSettings

Not used in current version of BioCommand.

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16.1.4 SterilizeSettings

Not used in current version of BioCommand.

16.2 Changes

16.2.1 ChangeRecord

This table lists any changes that have been made during the process ofrunning the Batch. The ID column consists of consecutive numbers foreach record in the file logged by BioCommand as each action is recorded.The next column lists the calendar date and time of each action. TheOperator column lists the person responsible for the batch when thechange action occurs. The next column lists the action that wasperformed, and the following columns contain data related to the action.

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16.2.2 MgrChanges

This table contains requests for Manager Changes made during therunning of the Batch. This is a temporary storage table until the BatchManager Server processes the changes. After that, this table is cleared andthe changes are recorded in the ChangeRecord table (see 16.2.1 above).

16.2.3 OperChanges

This table contains requests for Operator Changes made during therunning of the Batch. This is a temporary storage table until the BatchManager Server processes the changes. After that, this table is cleared andthe changes are recorded in the ChangeRecord table (see 16.2.1 above).

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16.2.4 SupvChanges

This table contains requests for Supervisor Changes made during therunning of the Batch. This is a temporary storage table until the BatchManager Server processes the changes. After that, this table is cleared andthe changes are recorded in the ChangeRecord table (see 16.2.1 above).

16.3 Batch Events

16.3.1 BatchEvents

This table lists the time and description of any and all Alarm and Alertevents that occur during the running of a Batch.

16.4 Reports

These tables contain the report specifications that you entered from the Tools –Report Specification menu item. They are used by the Report Printer Module toprint reports of the data.

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16.4.1 ReportGraphs

16.4.2 ReportSettings

16.5 Data Logs

16.5.1 Loop Data

The loop data are stored in tables that are individual to each loop. Eachtable consists of the log ID number (LG_ID), and the actual data value(Value). Each loop table will be named “Log_[loop name]. The loopname is the unique display name you have assigned to the loop. In thesample screen shown below, the name is Log.Agit1.

The log ID number is the number of the data log and is incremented byBioCommand with each acquisition. The time of each log item can bedetermined from the LogTimes table described in section 16.5.2 below.

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16.5.2 LogTimes

This table contains the information that identifies the calendar date andtime that each data log was performed. This data can be used to correlatethe loop log data through the LG_ID parameter.

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16.5.3 OfflineData

Any Offline data that you enter while the Batch is running is logged intothis table. The table very closely resembles the window in BioCommandthat you used to enter the data. Any additional parameters that you addedto the Batch via the Tools function will also be shown as another columnin this table.

16.6 Batch Identifications

The Batch identification tables contain the basic setup information pertaining tothis Batch.

16.6.1 BatchID

The BatchID table is shown below. This table contains the important datathat describes the overall use of the Batch.

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16.6.2 Loops

The Loops table lists the loops that you selected for use in this Batch alongwith pertinent information about each. This is the information that youentered into the Batch from the New Batch function prior to starting theBatch run.

16.6.3 CurrentStatus

This table holds the most recently acquired data for each loop while aBatch is running. At the end of a Batch, it contains the last set of dataacquired. All of the data in this table is available in other tables in thefinal database, but this table allows remote workstations to access the datawhile a Batch is running.

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16.7 User Data

16.7.1 UserAccess

16.7.2 UserLpDiagrams

This table contains the details of any User-defined loops that were a partof the Batch.

16.8 Errors

The Errors table is the repository for any errors that are reported by the BatchManager Server.

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16.9 Views Data

This table is a list of the views that were defined to be a part of the Batch.It contains the elements that make up the view.

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1177 VVIIEEWWIINNGG BBAATTCCHH DDAATTAA

The Database Viewer utility, installed when you loadedBioCommand, is a tool that allows you to view data from anybatch—currently active or previously run. You can use this tool toorganize and present data in a variety of ways. It is a quick andefficient way to generate reports, to use the Access®-compatibledatabase or to move data into an Excel® document.

17.1 Starting DBViewer32

Select Start Programs Nbs DBViewer 32

There will be a brief DBViewer start-up screen, then the “Existing Batches”window will open:

17.2 Existing Batches

In the “Existing Batches” window, select the desired batch from the list in thepane, then click on the {OK} button. (If you do not see the batch you want, seesection 17.4 below.) DBViewer’s data window will open:

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17.3 Using the Main Data Window

Following are descriptions of the various features of this window.

17.3.1 Browse Button

At any time, you can click on the {Browse} button to access the “Browse forMore Batches” window:

Central Data PaneSelectedBatch

Sliders toscroll through

data

BatchSelection

Box

BrowseButton Settings

Button

Export toExcel Button

DropdownMenus

177


This functions the same way as the “Browse for Batches” window youhave already encountered. To use the “More…” selection for batches notlisted in the window, see Section 17.4 below.

17.3.2 Batch Selection Box

The edit box over the {Browse} button is another way to access availablebatch records. Click on the down arrow to open a dropdown menu ofavailable batch records, then select the batch of interest. All data in themain data window will update to reflect your new selection. This is aquick way to toggle between batches.

NOTE:

Some batch data files may not be available to you because you donot have the appropriate authority level. A warning screen willappear in such a case to explain why the database will not open.

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17.3.3 Settings Button

If you click on the {Settings} button, the “DBViewer Settings” windowwill open:

The Time Log indicates the period of time during which the available datahas been logged.

You can use the Settings pane to select a particular range of records forreview. Naturally. The “To Record:” entry may not exceed the indicated“Max. Records” number.

You can also change the way the logged time is displayed by clicking theoption button for Decimal Hours or Calendar Time instead of the defaulthours/minutes/ seconds (hh:mm:ss).

The control loops under BioCommand’s supervision in the selected batchcan be removed or returned to the Central Data Pane for purposes of datamanagement.

To select or de-select loops, click on the {Select Loops} button. TheSelected Loops screen opens:

Time Log

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To select a loop that is not displayed in the Central Data Pane: single clickon the name and, holding the left mouse button down, “carry” the recordover to the Selected list; “drop” it there. You can also double click on theloop name in the Available loop list, and it will appear in the Selected looplist.

To remove a loop from the Selected list: single click on the loop name inthe Selected list and, holding the left mouse button down, “carry” therecord over to the Available pane; “drop” it there. You can also doubleclick on the loop name in the Selected loop list, and it will disappear fromthat pane.

After you make any changes in this window, click on {OK} to apply themand to return to the Main Data Window.

17.3.4 Export to Excel Button

Clicking on the {Export to Excel} button will automatically set up aMicrosoft Excel® document that contains all of the current data recordsdisplayed in the central pane of the main data window. You will then beable to manipulate the data records with all available Excel features,including the creation of graphs.

If you do not want all of the data records in your Excel document, use themouse to select the records of choice before you click on the {Export toExcel} button.

AVAILABLELoop

RecordsSELECTEDLoopRecords

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If you do not have Microsoft Excel®, you may use the File – Copycommand from the DBViewer Main Menu to place data records on theClipboard. Then open a document in the desired program and paste therecords into your document.

Similarly, you may use the File – Save As command from the DBViewerMain Menu to save highlighted data as the file of your choice.

17.3.5 Central Data Pane

This pane displays the data logged from the moment the batch was starteduntil, (a) for a currently active batch, the moment you opened theDBViewer or, (b) for a previously run batch, the moment the batch wasended.

The data is provided in an Excel®-compatible format. You can use yourmouse to resize the columns according to your needs, and use the bottomand right side slider bars to scroll through the records.

In addition to removing and restoring data columns as explained inSection 4.3.3 above, you can change the order of the columns:1. Right click on the loop name at the top of the column. The cursor will

change into a hand holding a sheet of paper.

2. Holding the right mouse button down, move your cursor left or right tothe desired location, then release the button. The entire column of datawill now appear where you have placed it.

You may not move the first or second column (data log numbers and LogTime records).

17.3.6 DBViewer Main Menu

There are three dropdown menus available from the Database ViewerMain Menu: File, Options and Tools.

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Use the File dropdown menu:

to access the following commands:

• Open: This command will open a “Browse for More Batches”window.

• Print: Use this command to print whatever data records you havehighlighted with the mouse.

• Export to Excel: This command has the same function as the {Exportto Excel} button (see Section 17.3.4 above).

• Copy: This command allows you to copy selected records to theClipboard for transfer to your document of choice.

• Save As: This command allows you to save any selected records tothe file name and folder of your choice.

• Exit: This is one way to close the DBViewer tool.

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Use the Options dropdown menu:


• Open BatchEvents: This command will open the BatchEvents datatable for this batch. The BatchEvents table lists the time anddescription of any and all Alarm and Alert events that have occurredduring the period logged. (See Section 16.3.1 for a sample table.)

• Open ChangeRecord: This command will open the ChangeRecorddata table for this batch. The ChangeRecord table lists any changesthat have been made during the period logged, when each occurred andthe person responsible for the batch when the change occurred. (SeeSection 16.2.1 for more information and a sample table.)

• View Entire Database: xxxxx.bdb (where “xxxxx.bdb” is the nameof the batch on display): Selecting this command will open a windowlabeled with the name of the batch (see sample window below).

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In the left pane of this window are icons that represent every Data Logtable available for this batch. These records are stored in a formatcompatible with the Microsoft Access® database management program.(See Chapter 16 for details on each Data Log table).

1. Double click on the icon for the desired database. The right pane willdisplay the logged data:

2. To widen the pane, place your cursor on any edge or corner of thewindowpane; when the cursor becomes a double-headed arrow (↔),hold down the left mouse button and drag the edge out until the pane isthe desired size.

3. Use the slider bars to scroll through the data records.

4. Click on to close this window.

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Use the Tools dropdown menu:


• Report Specification: This option allows a graphical presentation of theprocess data to be specified for printing. See Section 10.4.1 for details,including a sample report.

• Print Report: Selecting this command while the main data window is activewill automatically print a Batch Summary Report.

• Convert Database 2.0 to 3.0: If you have data that was logged and saved inAFS-BioCommand (pre-BioCommand), use this command to convert that dataso it can be read and used by BioCommand.

1. When you click on Convert Database 2.0 to 3.0, a new window will open.2. Click on the top {Browse} button to locate the old database that you need

to convert.3. Double click on that database when you find it. It will appear in the

“Source File:” edit box.4. Click on the second {Browse} button to open a “Save As” screen for the

destination and name of the converted database.5. Click on {OK} to place this new destination & name string in the “Dest.

File:” edit box.6. Click on {OK} to start the conversion process.

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• Repair a damaged Database: If you encounter a problem reading or using adatabase file, other than an issue of authorization level, this tool may help youto fix the problem.

1. Click on Repair a damaged Database. A new window will open.2. Use the {Browse} button to locate the problem database file. When you

have selected it, it will appear in the edit box.3. Click on {Repair}.4. Close the screen by clicking on {OK}.

17.4 More Batches

The Database Viewer will also give you quick access to data for other, previouslyrun batches. All data logged while the batch was running is available through theDBViewer.

1. In the “Existing Batches” window, either double click on ‘More…’ or select‘More…’ and then click on the {Open} button. The “Open” window will appear,offering you a full choice of batch histories:

2. To move a batch history into the “Existing Batches” window, double click on thebatch of interest.

3. Use the ‘More…’ selection and the “Open” window for as many batches as youwould like to view.

4. When the desired batch is listed in the pane, select it, then click on the {OK}button. DBViewer’s data window will open. Refer back to Section 17.3 above.

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187


1188 NNBBSS SSEERRVVEERR SSEETTUUPP

There are several hardware parameters that you, the user, may adjust for aparticular application. Those items are addressed through this program.

NOTE:This program must be used with great caution and only by personnelwho understand the system and what effects these changes canhave.

There are three ways to enter this setup program:

• Start Programs NBS NBS Server Setup

• From the Windows desktop:

1. Enter the Start Menu.2. Choose Run.3. Click on the {Browse} button.4. Select the file “NBSServerSetup.exe”, which will be found in the folder that the

BioCommand program was installed into.

• Run the Windows Explorer utility:

1. Navigate to the BioCommand folder where the “NBSServerSetup.exe” file will befound.

2. Double-click on this file name and the program will start.

The Main Program window will be preceded by the following introductory screen forseveral seconds:

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The above window will close and the Main Menu screen will open, as shown below.The three selections available are File, Setup, and Help.

18.1 File Menu Selection

The only item on the File selection, Exit, is one of two methods that you may useto exit the program. The other method you may use to exit is to click on theClose icon ( ) on the right side of the title bar.

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18.2 Setup Menu Selection

The Setup selection from the Main Menu is the location of all of the routineswhere hardware parameters for the operation of the program may be changed.

The four items on this menu are the entry points for changing the parameters thatare appropriate to the running of the hardware associated with the BioCommandprogram system.

18.2.1 Comm Port

If it is desirable to change any of the communications parameters, thisselection will open the following window:

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You may change only the computer communications port and the baudrate at which the communications will operate for the selected HardwareDriver (see also Section 18.2.3, Select Default Controller).

Placing the cursor in the ‘Use Comm:’ edit box allows you to change the RS232port to which the interface box is connected. This can be done by entering theport number directly or by clicking on the down arrow to the right of the editbox. This brings up a submenu of the allowable communications port numbers(0 to 4). The number in this box will be the port number that the BioCommandprogram will use for communications to the NBS interface system. Thehardware must be connected to the same port as appears here.

You select the ‘Baud Rate’ in the same manner as you did thecommunications port. The only two possible selections here are 38400and 19200. The interface box will recognize either rate. You should,however, always select the higher rate; the system will select the lowerrate if there is a communications problem. The other communicationsparameters are not alterable; they are shown on this screen for referenceonly.

If you change either of the parameters, you must click the {TestCommunications} button to check the integrity of the communicationslink between your computer and the NBS interface unit. The {Apply}button will become enabled. Click {Apply} to make the change(s)effective. The pane labeled “Results” will indicate if the test wassuccessful or not and will report any errors that occurred during the test.After you complete the changes and tests, click the {Close} button. Theprogram will return to the Main Screen.

18.2.2 AFS-type Controllers

If the system is to be used with an NBS AFS-type controller, this functionwill allow changes to the parameters associated with that controller andthe BioCommand program. When you select this from the Setup menu onthe main screen, the program searches for any hardware that may beconnected to the computer. There is a pause while this search isperformed, and the program displays the following window to inform youthat it is searching for any connected hardware:

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If an appropriate interface box is located, the parameters for that box willbe displayed in the window, as shown below:

You may add and remove controller ID numbers for each channel in theinterface box connected to the computer. In the ‘Add/Remove Controller’pane, select the channel from the Channel dropdown list, and enter acontroller ID number in the ID # edit box. Then click on either the {AddController} or {Remove Controller} button.

18.2.3 Select Default Controller

Whether you have an NBS Controller, an NBS Sequencer Controller orsome other type of controller, you will use the Select Default Controllerscreen to enter your selection.

Be sure to consult your controller’s user guide/operating manual to be sureit is installed correctly.

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18.3 Help Menu Selection

As in any standard Windows® application, Help files are available forHardware Server Setup functions.

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1199 IINNDDEEXX

AAbsolute Alarm, 64Active Batches

Resuming, 70Adding New Groups, 80Adding New Users, 79Adding User Groups, 78Adding Users, 78Adding Views, 120Alarms, 6, 63, 96, 110, 112, 164

Activating/Deactivating, 66Alarms Tab, 112Alerts, 63, 67, 113, 164AutoRefresh, 125

Turning on, 125

BBatch

Definition of, 15Deleting Views, 120Ending, 123Ending a, 69Functions of, 95Icon, 34Modifying, 116, 123New, 34, 83, 115, 171Restart/Resume, 70, 83Restarting/Resuming, 122, 123Starting a, 32, 35Terminate, 70Terminating a, 69View, 48, 110

Batch Display Name, 35Batch Manager Server, 166, 167, 172Batch Summary, 19, 36, 38, 39, 85, 96, 110, 117, 125Batch Summary View, 36, 38Batch Wizard, 16, 19, 115BatchEvents, 167

CChanging a Password, 75Changing a Trend View, 150Changing Control Programs, 119Changing Data Logging Criteria, 123Changing Process Views, 119Computer Operating Systems, 156Computer Recommendation, 156Computer Requirements, 155Confirm Password, 74

Controllers, 5, 6, 28, 29, 103, 156, 159, 160, 190Copying a Recipe, 107Copyright Notice, viiCreating a New Recipe, 26Creating a Program View, 50Creating a Synoptic View, 43Creating a Trend View, 39Creating User-Defined Loops, 60Current Alarm Settings, 64Current Alert Settings, 67Custom Functions, 136

DData Logging

Changing criteria for, 123Interval of, 15

Database ViewerBrowse for More Batches, 177Existing Batches, 175Exporting Data to Excel, 179Selecting Batch Data, 175Starting the, 175To convert a 2.0 database to 3.0, 184To open BatchEvents, 182To open ChangeRecord, 182To print Reports, 184To repair a damaged Database, 184To specify Reports, 184To view Entire Database, 182

Deleting Views, 120Disclaimer Notice, viiDisplays, 5, 6, 36, 39, 85Duplicating a Recipe, 107

EEdit Function, 84EFT, 36, 88, 100, 111, 115, 116, 132, 134, 137, 144Elapsed Fermentation Time. See EFTExiting BioCommand, 69Extracting a recipe, 34

FFile Function, 83File Name Extensions, 10File Naming Conventions, 10

GGetting Started, 14

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HHelp Function, 92

IIF Function, 137International Offices, iii

KKeyboard Notation, 8

LLicense Agreement

U.S. Government Restricted Rights, 3Limit Function, 134Local Batches, 83Log Interval, 15, 100, 123, 144Logical Function, 131Loop Data, 46Loops

Add/Change, 28, 30, 102, 105Alarms for, 63, 67, 112Available, 29, 30, 40, 64, 96, 103Current, 31, 102, 105, 109in Batch, 30, 104, 110Setpoints for, 116Setup Options, 31User Programs, 111User-Defined, 60, 128, 172

MMain Menu, 17Manual Symbols, viiMath Function, 131Menu Notation, 8Mouse Notation, 7

NNavigating Through Windows, 8NBSDBSvr Window, 89Network & Communications Requirements, 156Network Connectivity, 5, 155Networking

Reasons for, 160New Password, 74

OObject Naming Conventions, 9Offline Data

Entering, 88OffLine Data Function, 88Old Password, 74

PPassword

Clearing a, 76Initial, 74Removing a, 76Setting the first, 74Using a, 76

Print Report, 83Print View, 83Product Registration Number

Obtaining a, 1Program

How to run, 59How to save, 59How to start, 59How to stop, 60

Program Views, 49, 84, 96, 127Programs

Modifying, 119Programs Tab, 111

RRecipe

Browse, 98Copying a, 107Creating, 19Creating a new, 19, 26Data Pane, 99Definition of, 15Description of, 28, 99Duplicating a, 107Editing, 95Extracting a, 34File naming for, 23Functions of, 95Naming a, 21New, 42, 83, 95, 98, 115Renaming a, 21Replace Loops in, 107. See LoopsSave as, 97Security features of, 77Specifying loops for, 21View, 42, 83, 98, 115

Recipe Data Tab, 101Recipe Tab, 98Removing Password Protection, 76Removing Users, 79Report Specification, 86Report Specification Function, 86Restarting with Active Batches, 70Resume Batch, 16Resuming a Batch, 70Running a Program, 59

SSaving a Program, 59Security Features, 6SET Function, 138Setpoint Deviation Alarm, 64

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SetpointsChanging, 46, 116, 142Entering initial, 31Setting initial, 106

Setting Alarms, 63Setting Alerts, 67Shutting down BioCommand, 71Special Function, 131Special Functions, 135Specifications, 155Starting BioCommand, 14Starting BioCommand32 Screen, 15, 19, 34Stopping a Program, 60Supervisory Programs, 111Synoptic View, 118Synoptic Views, 36, 43, 48, 140System Requirements, 155

TTable of Contents, xiTime Data, 100, 123Time Profile Function, 49, 55, 129, 131, 135, 137Toolbar

Toggling the, 85Toolbars, 17, 18, 27, 34, 43, 45, 47, 50, 83, 93, 95, 97,

116, 128, 131, 140, 141, 143, 144Tools Function, 86Totalizer Function, 134Trend Graphs, 39, 42, 125, 144

Changing Background Color, 151Changing Line Color, 151Colored Buttons, 145Graphs Control Panel Tab, 149Loops Control Panel Tab, 149Main Control Panel Tab, 148Marking Specific Times, 147Modifying, 150Moving through Time Records, 147Styles Control Panel Tab, 150

Trend View

Modifying a, 150Troubleshooting, 153Turn Off Wizard, 16Turn On Wizard, 16

UUser Access Tab, 114User Function, 90User List

Creating a, 77Modifying a, 77

User Loop Programs, 111User Passwords, 73User-Defined Function, 49, 129, 131, 133, 135

Custom Functions for, 135Keywords Unavailable for, 135Reserved Variables for, 135

Using Passwords, 76

VView Function, 85Views

Adding, 120Deleting, 120Modifying, 119

Views Tab, 110

WWarranty, ixWindow Function, 91Workgroup

Creating a, 162Selecting a, 14

WorkstationsInstallation of stand-alone, 11, 12, 13Setup of, 11

Documents

BioCommand 32 BioProcessing Software