Bio357 Rubiaceae08

8/13/2019 Bio357 Rubiaceae08

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Rubiaceae

The Matter Family or more commonly

known as the

Coffee Family

Presentada por: Gerardo GutirrezAtractocarpus sp.(Rubiaceae),
http://www.flickr.com/photos/tim-waters/177538739/in/pool-plant_family_recognition%7Ctim-watershttp://www.flickr.com/photos/tim-waters/177538739/in/pool-plant_family_recognition%7Ctim-waters


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Introduction

This is one of the largest flowering plant families,

with approximately 10,700 species and about 650

genera.

Most of them occurring in tropical regions of theworld. A few occur in temperate regions, when they

are herbaceous.

They are mainly woody trees and shrubs.


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Classification

The Rubiaceae belong to the class Magnoliopsida andthe subclass Asteridae.

The Rubiaceae family is monophyletic and belongs to

the Gentianales. They are subdivided into four subfamilies. The four

subfamilies include:

Cinchonideae

Ixoroideae Antirheoideae

Rubioideae


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Features

Mainly shrubs and trees

Leaves opposite, simple, entire

Inflorescence cymose

Flowers bisexual, rarely zygomorphic Calyx with 4-5 sepals, 5 lobed

Corolla with 4-5 petals

Style Slender Stigma capitate or lobed


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More Description

Androecium with 4-5 stamens

Gynoecium with 2 (rarely 1) united carpels

Ovary inferior, rarely superior or semi-inferior Bilocular with 1 ovule in each chamber

Nectar disc present above the ovary

Fruit- berry, capsule, drupe or schizocarp


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Geographical areas of interest

Major area of interest includes Central Africa Cameroon

Gabon

Congo-Brazzaville Congo-Kinshasa

Rubiaceae form a large component of theseforests.

In Madagascar, the Rubiaceae is the secondlargest family of flowering plants, representedby circa 1000 species


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Importances of Rubiaceae

Rubiaceae are have many economically importances.

Importance's include dyes from (Rubia cordifolia)

and the bark of (Morinda angustifolia), and using the

lacquer from (Elaeagia) in artwork.

Some of the most popular importances include:

-Coffee (Coffea arabica)

-Medicine: Quinine (Cinchona)

-Ornamentals (Ixora, Gardenia and Mussaeda)


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Quinine & other medicinal plants

Cinchonawhich yields quinine is used as acure for malaria.

Cephaelis ipecacuanhaproduces the well-

known drop vinum which is used againstdysentery and liver diseases.

Uncaria gambir is the source of gambierwhich is used as a lotion to treat burns. Inpaste form, it is used to treat scurf. It hascommonly been used to treat diarrhea and as agargle for sore throat.


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Cephaelis ipecacuanha

& Uncaria gambir


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Quinine


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Ornamentals

Gardenias are popular shrubs and ornamentalsin the southern part of the United States

Ixora may be the most common flowering

shrub seen in South Florida and 'Nora Grant' isthe most popular of them all.

Mussaenda is among the most sought after

tropical shrubs for intense beauty shown fromhighly colorful flower bracts blooming allwarmer and hot months


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Gardenia jasminoides


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Ixora coccinea


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Mussaenda erythrophylla


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Coffee

The Rubiaceae's best-known member is

undoubtedly the Coffea.(Coffea arabica)

Worldwide, an estimate of 15 billion coffee

trees are growing on 100,000 km of land.

Coffee is an important primary commodity.

With over 500 billion cups consumed every

year, coffee is one of the world's most popular

beverages.


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Fruit of Coffea arabica


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Flowers

of Coffea arabica


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Coffee

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Bio357 Rubiaceae08