4/29/16

1

Biology

Monday, April 25, 2016

Do-Now:“6.3/6.4QuizReviewDo-Now”1.  Writedowntoday’sFLT2.  ListtheresultsofMendel’speaplantexperimentsfor

eachgeneraHon(6.3)3.  Dis&nguishbetweenthetermshomozygousand

heterozygousbyusingexamplesorexplanaHons4.  Dis&nguishbetweenthetermsdominantand

recessivebyusingexamplesorexplanaHons5.  Dis&nguishbetweenthetermsgenotypeand

phenotypebyusingexamplesorexplanaHonsFinished?TakeoutyourplannerandToC.

Announcements

• Friday,April29th:– HighSchoolNaIonTour– RallyscheduleàHSN1:05-3:00pm• GeneIcsUnit– Ch.6-7combinedtest

Announcements

• 15-WeekGradesdueweekofMay9th– Turninallmake-upwork– Re-takelowscores– LastprogressreportsbeforefinalgradesJ

Planner: • ToC#7 due by Friday 5/6 Table of Contents #7 19.  6.3/6.4 Quiz Review Do-Now

Standard •  HS-LS 3-2

Make and defend a claim based on evidence that inheritable genetic variations may result from: (1) new genetic combinations through meiosis, (2) viable errors occurring during replication, and/or (3) mutations caused by environmental factors.

FLT •  I will be able to demonstrate my understanding of

Mendel’s experiments by completing 6.3/6.4 Quiz

4/29/16

2

CW

• OrganizeToCàBereadyforstampsthisweek• Study6.5Quietly

Biology

Tuesday, April 26 – Wednesday, April 27, 2016

“Video Notes: Heredity”

1.  Complete the do-now on the paper provided

2.  Take out your ToC and planner J

Announcements• Friday,April29th:– P.2:8:00-9:00– NutriIon– P.4:9:16-10:16– P.6:10:24-11:24– Lunch– P.8:12:05-1:05– HSN:1:05-3:00

Announcements

• 15-WeekGradesdueweekofMay9th– Turninallmake-upwork– Re-takelowscores– LastprogressreportsbeforefinalgradesJ

4/29/16

3

Planner: • Study Punnett Squares! • ToC stamps J

Table of Contents #7 20. Video Notes: Heredity WS 21. Notes: Intro. to Punnett Squares 22. Punnett Square WS A

Video Notes • Watch the following video clip • Noise level 0 • As you watch, fill out the questions on

your worksheet • Be prepared to share out after the videos

Video Notes •  Let’s share J

Standard •  HS-LS 3-2

Make and defend a claim based on evidence that inheritable genetic variations may result from: (1) new genetic combinations through meiosis, (2) viable errors occurring during replication, and/or (3) mutations caused by environmental factors.

FLT •  I will be able to predict the probable outcome of

phenotypes in a genetic cross from the genotypes of the parents by completing Intro. to Punnett Squares

Notes Protocol • Noise level 0• Raise your hand to question/comment• Copy down all bolded ideas• Be prepared to answer questions

4/29/16

4

“Intro. to Punnett Squares”

•  Fold or draw a margin on the left side of your paper• We will take Cornell style notes•  Topics/terms go in the left column

• Main notes go to the right

Pair-Share-Respond For purple and white flowers...

1.  What is the dominant trait?2.  What is the recessive trait? 3.  What are the possible phenotypes?4.  What are the possible genotypes?

Recall •  Mendel discovered that traits

are inherited in predictable patterns

•  For example, when he crossed hybrid (heterozygous) purple flower plants, he got: 25% white and 75% purple flowers

•  How can we predict these results?

Example: If we cross two heterozygous purple-flowered pea plants...•  What are the possible genotypes of the offspring?

•  What is the ratio of the genotypes?

•  What is the ratio of possible phenotypes?

•  We can answer all of these by DRAWING and INTERPRETING Punnett squares :)

4/29/16

5

1st: Add the parent genotypes on the left and top, one allele per row/column

2nd: Draw the alleles in each of their rows/columns. Capital letters always go 1st.

3rd: Write how many times each unique genotype appears as a ratio.

4th: Use the genotypes to predict the ratio of phenotypes

5th: Write the genotypes & phenotypes as fractions or percents if needed.

4/29/16

6

1.  A man with freckles (FF) and a woman with freckles (Ff) have a kid.

a. What is the ratio of genotypes for their offspring?

b. What is the ratio of phenotypes?

Classwork

1. Complete the Punnett Square WS 2. Reminder: –  Friday: Mini-Punnett Square Quiz –  Monday: Multiple Choice Quiz

Biology

Tuesday, April 28 – Wednesday, April 29, 2016

4/29/16

7

“Punnett Square Notes B” 1.  Complete the practice quiz on the little

paper. This will be stapled to your notes for your stamp.

2.  Title your paper “Punnett Square Notes B” and draw a margin

3.  Take out your ToC and planner

Announcements

• 15-WeekGradesdueweekofMay9th– Turninallmake-upwork– Re-takelowscores– LastprogressreportsbeforefinalgradesJ

Planner: • ToC#7 due by Friday 5/6 Table of Contents #7 23.  Punnett Square Notes B 24.  Punnett Square WS B

Standard •  HS-LS 3-2

Make and defend a claim based on evidence that inheritable genetic variations may result from: (1) new genetic combinations through meiosis, (2) viable errors occurring during replication, and/or (3) mutations caused by environmental factors.

FLT •  I will be able to predict the probable outcome of

phenotypes in a complex inheritance genetic cross from the genotypes of the parents in by using Punnett squares.

Notes Protocol • Noise level 0• Raise your hand to question/comment• Copy down all bolded ideas• Be prepared to answer questions

4/29/16

8

Recap (Don’t write down) 1. What is the difference between phenotype and

genotype? 2.  In seals, having whiskers is dominant, and not

having whiskers is recessive. Give the: a. Heterozygous genotype b. Homozygous dominant genotype c. Homozygous recessive genotype

Inheritance Patterns • Mendelian•  IncompleteDominance•  Codominance• MulHpleAlleles•  Sex-Linked

Recall: Mendelian Inheritance •  Ifwecrosstrue-breedingpurple&whiteflowers,thentheoffspringareallpurple.Why?

Incomplete Dominance •  What happens if we cross a red carnation with a white

carnation?

Incomplete Dominance •  But if we cross a red carnation with a white carnation, all of

the offspring are PINK! •  Why?? •  This is because the alleles are incompletely dominant!

Incomplete Dominance •  Incomplete dominance = The phenotype of a

heterozygous offspring is intermediate between (a blend of) those of the parents

•  Cases in which one allele is not completely dominant over another

4/29/16

9

Incomplete Dominance •  Use all capital letters, such as A and A’. •  For example, for red and white carnations: – RR = Red carnation– R’R’ = White carnation

– RR’ = Pink carantion

Punnett Squares: Copy down example •  Punne[SquareforthecrossbetweenaredcarnaHon(RR)&awhitecarnaHon(R’R’)

Punnett Squares •  What are the genotypes and phenotypes of the offspring?

Do-Now 1.   TwopinkcarnaIons(RR’)

arecrossed.a.   Drawthepunne`square

forthiscrossb.   Givethe%oftheoffspring

genotypesc.   Givethe%oftheoffspring

phenotypes

4/29/16

10

Codominance •  If we cross a black chicken with a white chicken, what will we get?

Codominance •  We get a black and white checkered chicken!

Codominance • Codominance = Both alleles in a heterozygous

organism are expressed in the phenotype •  BOTH alleles contribute to the phenotype • The offspring phenotype is NOT blended. •  Examples - checkered chickens, Roan Horses, Roan Cows

Codominance •  Use different capital letters for each trait •  For example: – BB = Black chicken – WW = White chicken – BW = Black and white chicken

Punnett Squares •  Punnett square for the cross between a black chicken (BB)

and a white chicken (WW)

4/29/16

11

Do-Now

•  Draw the Punnett Square for the cross between two black and white chickens (BW)

•  What are the genotypes and phenotypes of the offspring?

Recap •  Types of inheritance so far: 1.  MENDELIAN: One allele is dominant, and one is recessive.

The dominant trait shows in both homozygous dominant and heterozygous genotypes

2.  INCOMPLETE DOMINANCE: Neither allele is completely dominant. Heterozygotes show a blend of both alleles in their phenotype.

3.  CODOMINANCE: Both alleles are dominant. Heterozygotes show BOTH alleles completely in their phenotype.

Pair-Share-Respond •  Identify the type of inheritance as Mendelian, Incomplete

dominance, or codominance: 1.  A brown cow and a white cow produce a cow with brown

and white spots 2.  A purple flower and a white flower produce only purple

flowers 3.  A brown dog and a white dog produce tan puppies

Classwork

1. Complete the Punnett Square Worksheet 2. Once finished, you may work on one of the

following: –  Work on binder assignments –  Work on make-up work