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Bio230-ArticulationsWorksheetJointName Examples Structural

classificationFunctionalclassification

BallandsocketTriaxialjts.-flex:extension-abduction:adduction-medial:lateralrotation-circumduction

1.shoulderjt.(glenohumeraljt.)2.hipjt.(headoffemur/acetabulum)

HingeMonoaxialjts.-flex:extensiononly

1.elbowjt.2.kneejt.3.interphalangejts.

Suture–boneslinkedbyC.T.

Foundbetweenthebonesoftheskull

PivotMonoaxialjts.-onlypermitrotationaroundanaxis

1.C1/C2(atlanto-axialjt.)2.radial-ulnarjoints–thisrotationgivesthemovementsupination:pronation

Plane(gliding)FlatonFlatsurfacesslideacrossoneanother.

1.intercarpals2.intertarsals3.SI(sacro-iliac)jt.4.intervertebral(betweenarticularfacets)5.AC(acromial-clavicular)jt6.Sterno-clavicularjt.

Sympysis(bonesconnectedbypadoffibrocartilage)

1.pubicsymphsis2.betweenadjacentvertebralbodies(viaintervertebraldiscs)

Condyloid(Condylar)Biaxialjts.-flex:extension-abduction:adduction

1.metacarpalbones/phalanges(“knuckles”)2.wristjt.(radiocarpaljt.)

SaddleModifiedcondylarjt.-flex:extension-abduction:adduction-opposition(theopposablethumb!

1.trapezium/firstmetacarpalThumb“swings”fromthetrapezium!

GomphosesC.T.bindsteethintoboneysocket.

Alveolarjts.-Maxillae/teethMandible/teeth

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Articulations:Beabletoidentifyallthedifferentjoints(justtheexampleslistedabove)onthearticulatedskeletonsandlabmodels,availableinlabbasedupontheirFunctionalandStructuralclassification.IfitsaSynovialjointyouneedtotellmeitsmovement(flex:extension,abduction:adductionetc.)FunctionalClassificationStructuralClassificationSynarthroses(nomovement)Fibrous:(most=synarthroses)Amphiarthroses(littlemovement)Cartilaginous:(most=amphiarthroses)Diarthroses(freelymobile)Synovial:All=Diarthroses

LabelthistypicalSynovialJoint:Note:we(ieyoutoo)willdrawthisinclass…hint..hint.22614322

Whatstructuremakessynovialfluidandwhatarethreefunctionsofsynovialfluid?Structure=1.2.3.Dosynovialjointshaveperichondriumthatnourishtheirarticularcartilage?

1. articularcartilage2. periosteum3. synovialmembrane(innerlayer)4. outerfibrouslayer5. articular(akajoint)capsule:

Formedbywhat2structures?1.2.

6. Jointcavity(containssynovialfluid)

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kneejoint.Youmustknow/understandthisjoint!!Reviewthemodelavailableinlab.MakesureyoucanidentifythefollowingpartsoftheKneejoint:1.AnteriorCruciateligament(ACL) 2.PosteriorCruciateligament(PCL) 3.Lateralmeniscus 4.Medialmeniscus(menisciistheplural)5.Lateral(akaFibular)collateralligament(LCL) 6.Medial(akaTibial)collateralligament(MCL)7.Articularcartilage

8.Quadricepstendon-(thicktendonextendingtothepatellamadeupofcontributionsfromallfourquadricepsmuscles.)Tendonsconnectmuscletobone,

9.Patella/Patellarligament-(thickligamentthatconnectspatellatotibia).Ligamentsconnectbonetobone.

AnteriorViewPosteriorViewBursa-understandthefunctionofbursaandtendonsheaths.Thesearefilledwithwhattypeoffluid?Whatisbursitis?(Bursasingular,Bursaeplural)Besureyouknowthemovementsofsynovialjoints(seeyourhandoutforthese).Practicethem,youwillneedtoknowthemforyourmusclemovements.YOUMUSTKNOWTHESEMOVEMENTS!!Whenwestartthemuscularsystemitwillbethesemovements(ACTIONS)thatamusclecanproducewhenitcrossesasynovialjoint.