Federal Department of Ground Engineering (BFA Spezialtiefbau)

BIM In Ground EnGInEErInGTechnical Position Paper of the Federal Department of Ground Engineering in the German Construction Industry Federation (Hauptverband der Deutschen Bauindustrie e.V.)

December 2017

InItIatIvE

The rapid advance of digitalisation will change profoundly the way work is conducted in the planning, constructing and operating value-added chain in Germany. The step-by-step Plan for Digital Design and Construction for the Public Sector, issued by the German Ministry for Transport and Digital Infrastructure (BMVI) has defined the guiding principles until 2020 and beyond.A key component of any successful implementation of the BIM methodology (Building Information Modeling) includes the clear definition of requirements (data, processes, skills level), quality features and interfaces, as well as coopera-tion based on partnership. All parties involved in construction are therefore called upon to participate promptly in the currently ongoing process of co-ordination and regulation process.The German Federal Department of Ground Engineering intends to contribute with this position paper. We consider this to be particularly important because our specialist skill set - despite the fact it constitutes an important link in the severely fragmented value-added chain - is not at present being accorded the requisite level of attention. Howe-ver, the BIM method can only be implemented successfully if the entire process functions, and if the parties involved in a construction project understand their tasks and perform them in a partnership-based manner.

this position paper aims to:1. define the requirements within the BIM process in respect of other parties involved in a construction project (including the client and the planners)2. define the interfaces to other parties involved in a construction project3. define data to be supplied4. add precise and additional details to what is often very generalised by BIM in the construction process

Due to dynamic developments concerning the BIM topic, this position paper is not conclusive and is subject to further revision.

CONTENTS

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1. IntroductIon 4 2. BIM applIcatIon scEnarIos In Ground EnGInEErInG 52.1 Cl ASH DETECTION 52.2 STruCTurAl DESIGN 52.3 DESIGN DErIVATION 52.4 DETErMINATION OF quANTITIES 52.5 lINk TO THE CONSTruCTION SCHEDulE 52.6 lINk TO COST ESTIMATE 62.7 AS-BuIlT MODEl FOr COMPONENTS rEMAINING IN THE GrOuND 6

3 data IntErchanGE scEnarIos 73.1 AS1 - INVITATION TO TENDEr 73.2 AS2 – DETAIlED DESIGN Pl ANNING 73.3 AS3 –Pl ANNING OF WOrkS 73.4 AS4 – AS-BuIlT STruCTurAl MODEl 7

4 rEquIrEMEnts for ModEl contEnts 84.1 DETAIlING OF MODEl 84.1.1 lE VEl OF DE VElOPMENT (lOD) 84.1.2 lE VEl OF GEOMETry (lOG) 84.1.3 lE VEl OF INFOrMATION (lOI) 84.1.4 lOG BASED ON Ex AMPlE OF A PIlE (STruCTurAl ElEMENT) 94.1.5 lOG BASED ON Ex AMPlE OF A PIlED WAll 10 (GrOuP OF STruCTurAl ElEMENTS) 4.2 SuBSOIl MODEl 114.2.1 DIGITAl TErrAIN MODEl (DTM) 114.2.2 GrOuND l AyEr MODEl (GlM) 114.3 rEquIrEMENTS FOr TECHNICAl MODEl OF IN-SITu CONSTruCTION 13

5 data IntErchanGE forMats 13

6 assur ancE of ModEl qualIt y control 13

7 suMMary 14

8 appEndIcEs 14

9 sourcEs, photo acknowlEdGEMEnts, lInks 14

10 lIMItatIon of lIaBIlIt y, copyrIGht, ancIll ary copyrIGht 15

11 IMprInt 15

12 appEndIx 1 - MINIMuM rEquIrEMENTS FOr MODEl ElEMENTS 16

Building Information Modeling (BIM) is a new integrated planning and execution method in the construction in-dustry. Its aim is to conduct all planning and construction processes on the basis of a digital building information model. The components of a building are not just descri-bed in purely geometrical terms, but also include additi-onal product related information (material, manufacturer designation etc.). In contrast to the discontinuous media records that were the hallmark of traditional project pro-cessing, the BIM application gradually assembles a volu-me of continuous information over the entire life cycle of a building. By linking previously decentralised data sour-ces such as time schedule planning (4D) and cost estimate (5D) in this model, all participants involved in the project have access to a full set of the information that can then be used to conduct more extensive simulations and analyses.

To obtain clear results using the BIM procedure, one needs to start out with clear, project-specific definitions in terms of the geometric and product related details of the model and components. In most cases, this is achieved in the framework of BIM processing plans or modeling guidelines. The vertical scope of modeling and the defini-tion of building properties depends primarily on the sub-sequent use of BIM application scenarios, analyses and simulation (see Figure 1).

The aim of this position paper is therefore to illustrate the requirements for technical models of ground engineering from the viewpoint of future consumers using that same model data, in this case, the ground engineering companies in Germany that are executing the construction work.

Figure 1: requirements for the vertical scope of modeling and the characteristics of object properties based on BIM application scenarios

1 IntroductIon

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3D 4D/5D

BIM mode

Requirement from 3D

planning

Requirement from 4D/ 5D

Requirement from Digital Construction Site

Due dates

Cost

Quantities

4D Contruction

Sequence

Clash Detection Machine control system Documentation

Construction progress

Defect management

Supptementalcontrol

management

Saftey at work

Digital masure

Prefabrication

Implementation

coordination

VisualisationRationalising

Plan creationResourcing

VisualisationPlanning

Coordination

Clash Detection .

5D SimulationControllingReporting

4D/5DControlling

.

Digital Construction Site

BIM application scenarios in ground engineering are introduced in the following section. Exact application in a project will be agreed on the basis of BIM objectives, specifically in the BIM processing plan, and on Customer Information requirements (CIr). Implementation requi-res the active participation of everyone involved in the project. This means in particular that all parties involved shall have access to the necessary information when it is needed and to the required standard of quality. For this, the client shall create the necessary parameters.

The more comprehensively the application scenarios are to be implemented, the more comprehensive all orga-nisational, technical and contractual requirements and measures will need to be.Some necessary requirements are still not yet in place for the fully comprehensive implementation of a certain application scenarios, although some partial aspects can already be implemented today. Other application scena-rios are conceivable at a future date.

2.1 clash dEtEctIon‚Clash detection‘ in ground engineering must be carried out for the final state as well as for temporary conditions. Areas of overlapping and the required minimal distance to each structural element (e.g. anchors), or to existing components (utilities, existing buildings etc.) shall also be taken into account in compliance with the construction tolerances.

2.2 structural dEsIGnThe model should provide access to the input parameters (geometrical parameters, geology and soil characteristics, ground water levels etc.) required for structural (geotechnical) design prior to ground engineering works. The aim is to have design results that can be traced back to the model.

2.3 dEsIGn dErIvatIonTo derive 2D detailed design drawings directly, together with all the necessary lists (lists of coordinates, material lists, drilling and girder tables etc.) from the technical model, that model must possess a sufficient depth of detail (cf. Chapter 4). If necessary, non-modeled details or standard details shall be added to the detailed design drawings with the help of 2D details.

2.4 dEtErMInatIon of quantItIEsIt shall be possible to derive quantities and lists of components from the model. For this, the geometric and other properties of those elements need to be evaluated. It shall also be possible to evaluate specific requirements relating to the process of determining quantities for ground engineering, e.g. consideration of temporary conditions (e.g. over-cut) and the interaction between different elements (e.g. layer-related determination of quantities). The determination of quantities can be conducted in various phases and for various tasks, with output in the form of lists for further usage (invitation to tender, design, preparation of work etc.).

2.5 lInk to thE constructIon schEdulE BIM models can be linked to a schedule to enable simulations of construction progress to be created. The link can be made at various levels of detail, e.g. at the component group level (e.g. piled wall) or for individual components (e.g. pile, anchor, inserted I beams, D wall panels). The schedule is based primarily on construction sections (e.g. lots), on types of retaining walls and foundations, anchor layers, excavation levels and external time constraints (e.g. traffic phases).On this basis, it is possible to check the general practical feasibility of a building structure in advance and to optimise the construction sequence by checking for spatial and time-related conflicts, conducting variant comparisons and by running a plausibility check of service approaches.

2 BIM applIcatIon scenarIos In ground engIneerIng

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2.6 lInk to cost EstIMatE BIM models can be imported into an AVA program, e.g. to determine quantities, or to conduct nominal-actual compa-risons and to provide progress reports.

Other properties (attributes) need to be assigned to the components in the modeling software. In DIN SPEC 91400 (BIM – classification in acc. with STlB Bau), a distinction is made between quantitative and qualitative properties. quantitative properties need to be specify items such as lengths, surfaces and diameters. The qualitative properties describe the properties of the construction materials (e.g. concrete class C30/37, content of reinforcement etc.) Clas-sification of attributes should be adopted in the structural design model. Furthermore, a unique identification code shall be assigned to the components in the design software by means of a uniform classification system to enable a correlation to be made between the building components and the scope of work defined in the bill of quantities.

Due to the different modeling and calculation systems it is currently not possible to automatically link quantities into a model-based estimation. As a basis, this would require a standardised bill of quantities. In this context, refer to DIN 18299 ff.

2.7 as-BuIlt ModEl for coMponEnts rEMaInInG In thE GroundIf project documentation is required for the components remaining in the ground in the form of a 3D technical model, unless otherwise agreed, the corresponding components are displayed with their planned geometry and location. Deviations are then only incorporated in the model if construction deviates from the contractually agreed tolerances and/or if additional measures (additional anchors, seals etc.) were required. Only the information relevant to existing documentation for individual components is attached to the existing model. The resulting attributes correspond to the definitions of the replacement exchange scenario AS4 - as-built (cf. Chapter 3). In addition, contractually agreed information shall be handed over in the form of digital documents.

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Description Delivery of draft planning / Invitation to tender documents from the issuer of tender to the Bidder as a basis for the creation of a bid.

Supplier Issuer of invitation to tender

recipient Bidder

Description Transfer of detailed design Planning from planner to Contractor as the basis for construction work (as planned).

Supplier Planner

recipient Contractor

Description Delivery of planning of works (as planned) as a supplement for the detailed design planning, to the extent required, from the contracting company to the issuer of the invitation to tender.

Supplier Contractor

recipient Issuer of invitation to tender

Description Transfer of existing model (‚as-built‘) from the Contractor to the Issuer of the invitation to tender. This corresponds to the as-built model.

Supplier Contractor

recipient Issuer of invitation to tender

3.1 as1 - InvItatIon to tEndEr

3.2 as2 - dEtaIlEd dEsIGn plannInG

3.3 as3 – plannInG of works

3.4 as4 – as-BuIlt structural ModEl

3 data Interchange scenarIos

The following data interchange scenarios are defined to record requirements for model contents more clearly. This takes into account the roles of the bidder, the plan-ner and the contractor. Further contractual relations-hips and roles are not taken into account in this position paper.

In each phase, minimum requirements are defined for the building information models, see Appendix 1, Minimum requirements for model elements‘. The replacement scenario AS1 defined in 3.1 - invitation to tender - refers to the case of a detailed invitation to tender. In principle, the same minimum requirements also apply to other variants of the invitation to tender process, but can be adapted to specific projects.

4.1 dEtaIlInG of ModElTo process BIM projects, the Inviter to tender must define precisely in the Customer Information requirements (CIr) which data are required at which points in time. The process of generating these data in the desired level of detail is described in a BIM processing plan (BAP). This defines which information is needed by when, from whom, for what purpose and how it is to be provided (BMVI 2015): Step-by-step plan for digital construction (lINk P. 14). The geometric levels of detail and levels of information shall be defined, and these may change and go into greater depth in the diffe-rent planning phases.

4.1.1 level of development (lod)The level of Development (lOD) describes the degree of completion of a model, hence it is a benchmark for establis-hing the level of development of geometry and associated information about the building. For the party using the model data, the lOD is an indicator of the anticipated contents. A definition of the lOD level is provided by the American Ins-titute of Architects, published in the BIM Guide for Germany (BBSr and BBr: ‚BIM Guide for Germany‘ (lINk S 14) and BIM-forum.org ‚level of Development Specification - For Building Information Models‘ dated 2013 (lINk P. 14). The different levels of Development always consist of requirements relating to the geometric and other product related details, being taken together. These are known as the level of Geometry (lOG) and the level of Information (lOI).

This position paper does not link exchange scenarios directly to a specific lOD. Instead, it defines minimum require-ments for lOG and lOI as well as typical elements of this kind of specialist civil engineering work.

4.1.2 level of Geometry (loG)The level of Geometry describes the level of geometric detail on the model elements. In a broader sense, this can be compared to the ever increasing scales of conventional planning, depending on the work phase of service delivery. In a similar way to the lOD, the lOG is divided into various stages. The lOG and the associated required level of detail usually increase in the course of the project.

4.1.3 level of Information (loI)The level of Information (lOI) describes the type and scope as well as the level of development of non-geometric infor-mation, linked to the model elements as attributes. Minimum requirements for the information content of model ele-ments can be defined throughout the entire project and extended on a project-specific basis.

4 requIreMents on Model contents

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4.1.4 loG based on example of a pile (structural element)

The following section illustrates the geometrical levels of detail, taking the example of a pile.

loG description component

100 The pile is illustrated in the form of a spacer. Axis, point, grid

200 Illustration with approximate position, length and diameter.

300 Illustration with precise position, length and diameter and precise angle of inclination. Form of pile head and toes are illustrated in an informative manner.

400 Implementation-ready illustration based on lOG 300 with precise head and toe formation.

reinforcement shells need to be modelled. Precise illustration of reinforcement is possible as a supplementary item (lOG 450).

500 Illustration as in lOG 400, but with as-built position, length and angle of inclination with deviation outside the defined tolerance range (‚as-built‘).

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4.1.5 loG based on example of a pile wall (group of structural elements)

The following section illustrates the geometrical levels of detail, based on the example of a pile wall.

loG description component

100 The pile wall is illustrated in the form of a spacer. Axis, grid

200 The pile wall is illustrated in an idealized form as a wall panel with approximate position, thickness and height.

300 The pile wall is no longer illustrated as a standalone item but instead as a group of individual piles. The requirements for individual piles are defi ned under ‚lOG 300 pile‘.

400 The pile wall is no longer illustrated as a standalone item but instead as a group of individual piles. The requirements for individual piles are defi ned under ‚lOG 400 pile‘.

Additional illustration of the overlap.

500 The pile wall is no longer illustrated as a standalone item but instead as a group of individual piles. The requirements for individual piles are defi ned under ‚lOG 500 pile‘. Additional illustration of the overlap.

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4.2 subsoil modelAll information describing the construction site and the subsoil are managed in a ground model. This includes geo-metric data such as the heights of the site surface and the location of specified fixed points in the terrain, as well as a partial model containing layer information and soil characteristics of the site based on the site survey. The ground model consists of the surface of the ground in the form of a digital terrain model and a ground layer model.

4.2.1 Gigital terrain Model (dtM)For further use in a subsoil model with manual site survey, it needs to be ensured that the measured points are at real heights. The following shall be avoided: all points on one plane and height information only as text beside the measured points, instead ensure that genuine z coordinates are provided.

laser scanning provides a cluster with a large number of dots that need to be simplified prior to handover. To calculate the DGM, only use the dots on the surface of the ground (ground points). For calculation purposes, the ideal point spacing is a maximum of 1 m (see Figure 2).

4.2.2 Ground layer model (GlM)As well as an illustration of the actual layering, the underlying data in the layer model should also be and remain visible (drillings, survey data etc.) The characteristics of the layer boundaries need to be determined by applying va-rious interpolation methods between the drill profiles. Here, both continuous as well as outflowing layers, inclusions and lenses shall be illustrated, together with the ground water level (see Figure 3). Furthermore it shall be possible to incorporate the DTM.

It shall be possible to revise and update the GlM during project implementation and with increasing knowledge of the ground conditions on site. Furthermore, to take account of ground layering in the geotechnical calculation, it should be possible to enquire about the construction site layering at any location across the entire site. For use in structural (geotechnical) calculations, the layers shall contain information from the geotechnical investigation. This includes soil characteristic values such as friction angle, cohesion, density and other results on the basis of laboratory inves-tigations.

Figure 2: Types of dots gridwork

Methods for structuring data in a digital terrain model: (a) GrID (b) TIN (c) vector-based model quelle: ©Wilson & Gallant, 2000

(a) (b) (c)

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For the model-based determination of ground masses, a volume model (generated from the layer model) should be lin-ked and intersected with a corresponding partial model (retaining wall, structural work/tunnel etc.) (see Figures 4-6). Corresponding interfaces between the employed software products are essential.

Figure 3: Exploded view of ground layer model

Ground model Excavation pit model

Intersection of data exchange

Intersection ofdata exchange

determination of the desired information

output of the desired Information

Figure 4: Processing options for a ground layer model

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A standardised and neutral data format such as IFC shall be chosen for handover of the models, ideally supplemen-ted by the original proprietary data. The exchange formats and related versions of diagrams and/or programs must be discussed and agreed with all parties involved at the start of the project (CAD Handbook BAP).

Specific details relating to the IFC entities to be used are not provided because specific model elements tend to be used for components in ground engineering. These can usually only be exported orderly from the author systems in the form of IfcBuildingElementProxy entities.

In all cases, the quality assurance of models should invol-ve a two-stage process. Firstly, internal quality assurance and a clash detection take place within the verification of the model by the model creators, as a part of internal re-vision, before handing-over the model. Secondly, a model check is conducted by the model recipient after handover. A plausibility check to inspect the import process shall

take place in consultation with the model creator and with the help of appropriate criteria (e.g. comparison of coordinates with decisive reference points). Three aspects shall be observed in both steps of quality assurance: data consistency, geometric detailing and attribution on the basis of minimum requirements.

Figure 5: Drilled material arising from borehotes (layer by layer)

Figure 6: Optimisation of location of anchors in selected ground layers

Inclusion in filling

Inclusion in ‘in-situ’ ground

4.3 requirements for technical model of existing structureThe technical model must indicate the surroundings in which the construction project is situated. The project must be incorporated in the surrounding area. In particular, adjacent buildings must be illustrated together with the foundation situation, including space constraints.

In addition, details of the following must be shown:• underground pipelines• Existing buildings• Properties (usage)• Obstacles / Artificial installations• Safety distances• Traffic situation• Ordnance• Protected areas

5 data Interchange forMats

6 assur ance of Model qualIty control

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The digitalisation of the construction sector leads to massive process changes in the ground engineering sector as well as in the bidding phase and the implemen-tation phase.

Against this backdrop, the Federal Department of Ground Engineering (BFA Spezialtiefbau) in the German Const-ruction Industry Federation initiated the working group ‚BIM in ground engineering‘ and it has published this po-sition paper, representing the views of ground enginee-ring companies and defining minimum requirements for the model elements.

Initially, BIM application scenarios in ground engineering are described. A dedicated chapter describes the requi-rements for a ground layer model.Furthermore, data exchange scenarios (AS1 to AS40) are described and minimum requirements are defined for each phase of the construction work information models to be handed over. In the Appendix to this position paper, the minimum requirements for key model elements for the ground engineering sector are specified in detail in a tabular form.

The geometric levels of detail and levels of information are described, and these may change and go into greater depth in the different planning phases.

The previously mentioned exchange scenarios are not assigned directly to a level of Development (lOD) but instead, minimum requirements of lOG and lOI are defined for typical elements of ground engineering. A reference is also provided to the essential and neces-sary quality control conducted by the model creator and model user.

This position paper summarises the viewpoint of ground engineering companies as users and as creators of digital building information models, and presents this for discussion.

Due to dynamic developments in concerning the subject of BIM, this position paper is not conclusive and will be revised when needed.

Title image Example illustration of excavation planningFigure 1 requirements for modelling depth and characteristics of building properties based on application scenarios;Figure 2 Types of dot mesh structures; Wilson & GallantFigure 3 Exploded view of ground layer model*Figure 4 Processing options for a ground layer model*Figure 5 Drilled material (layer by layer)*Figure 6 Optimisation of location of anchors in selected ground layers*

*from: ‚A proposed solution for model-based processing of bids for tender in ground engineering‘, Bachelor thesis B.Eng. Dunja Sahrak, 2013

lInks:

link 1 stepwise plan for digital constructionwww.bmvi.de/SharedDocs/DE/Publikationen/DG/stufenplan-digitales-bauen.pdf?__blob=publicationFile

link 2 BIM Guide for Germany:www.bbsr.bund.de/BBSr/DE/FP/ZB/Auftragsforschung/3rahmenbedingungen/2013/BIMleitfaden/Endbericht.pdf?__blob=publicationFile&v=2

link 3 BIMforum.org:http://bimforum.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/lOD-Spec-2017-Guide_2017-11-06-1.pdf

Appendix Minimum requirements for model elements

7 suMMary

9 sources, photo acknowledgeMents, lInks

8 dIrectory of appendIces

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This position paper has been compiled with the greatest possible care. However, the publishers do not provide guarantee for the accuracy, completeness and up-to-da-te nature of the contents and information provided. The use is at your own risk. The leaflet contains details of links to various websites (‚external links‘). These web-sites fall under the legal responsibility of the respective site operators. The publishers have no influence over the current and future design of the web links provided. It is not reasonable to expect continuous checks of the links indicated by the publishers unless there is concrete evidence of legal infringements. It is explicitly pointed out that the relevant laws and regulations, in particular those of individual federal states of Germany, may be subject to change. Therefore, the most current shall always apply.

The contents published in the position paper are subject to German copyright and intellectual property law. Any form of use not authorised by German copyright or intel-lectual property law requires the prior written consent of the publisher or the applicable copyright holder.

This applies in particular to duplication, editing, trans-lation, storage, processing and/or to the dissemination of contents in databases or other electronic media and systems. The unauthorised copying of contents is pro-hibited and punishable by law. Only the production of copies for personal, private and non-commercial use is permitted. This also includes the production of copies for a company’s or government body’s own uses, in parti-cular for training courses or instructions. This position paper must not be presented by third parties in Frames or iFrames without prior written consent.

usage of the contact details listed under legal Details for commercial advertising is expressly not desired , unless prior written consent was granted, or where a bu-siness relationship already exists. The publishers and all persons named in the position paper are hereby opposed to any commercial form of use and disclosure of their data. The copyright is held by the publishers.

Published by

the working group ‚BIM im Spezialtiefbau \[BIM in Ground Engineering] in the German Construction Industry Federation (Hauptverband der Deutschen Bauindustrie e.V.) kurfürstenstraße 12910785 BerlinTel. +49 30 21286-232 Dipl.-Ing. Dirk Siewerttiefbau@bauindustrie.de www.bauindustrie.de

Head of working group:Dipl.-Ing. (FH) Siegfried Nagelsdiek, Ed. Züblin AG

affiliated companies:BAuEr Spezialtiefbau GmbHBickhardt Bau AGFranki Grundbau GmbH & Co. kGImplenia Spezialtiefbau GmbHkeller Grundbau GmbHMax Bögl Bauservice GmbH & Co. kGStump Spezialtiefbau GmbHWayss & Freytag Ingenieurbau AGZüblin Spezialtiefbau GmbH

10 lIMItatIon of lIaBIlIty, copyrIght/ Intellectual property rIght

11 IMprInt

IMportant notE:All of the various partial models and model elements must feature the properties in this list.

The properties marked with an ‚x‘ in the following table must contain corresponding information. Further properties or technical requirements relevant to project execution can be added. regardless of the minimum requirements listed below the applicable current standards and regulations must be observed.

the data exchange scenarios as1 - as4 refer to the descriptions in chapter 3 of the main document.

the following exchange scenarios are defined:AS1- Invitation to tenderAS2- Detailed design AS3- Planning of worksAS4- Existing structural model (‚as-built‘)

as1 as2 as3 as4

posItIon papEr BIM In Ground EnGInEErInG (DATED: DECEMBEr 2017)

appEndIx 1 - MInIMuM rEquIrEMEnts for ModEl ElEMEnts

nr coMponEnt EchanGE scEnarIos coMMEnt / rEfErEncE

16

1 Ground ModEl 1.1 Digital terrain model Existing terrain x x 1.2 Ground layer model Ground layer x x Definition of Homogeneous areas for planning/ structural and relevant implementation techniques Exploratory drilling x x Designation, location 1.3 Hydrological model Ground water horizon x x Design horizon x x Ground water flow conditions x x Direction, speed

2 technical model of in-situ status Handover of construction site x x Horizon, embankment, existing structures, properties, underground pipelines, ground obstacles, safety distances, protection zones, ordnance etc.

3 technical model of x x Where necessary for the ground engineering technical building structure model (interfaces for specialist below-ground civil engineering to above ground structures, working area, loads, excavation geometry, demolition conditions etc.)

4.1 pile construction4.1.1 Drilling template For collision control; e.g. underground pipelines, crane foundations Top level x Height x Width x lable length (measured in pile wall axis) x x x Opening diameter x x x Material quality (quote separately for all materials) x e.g. C20/25, BSt 500 Material specification x e.g. Exposure classes Reinforcement content kg/m³ x

4.1.2 Pile Type x x x x e.g. bored pile, prefabricated pile, ductile pile Diameter/cross-section of pile x x x x Pile number x x x Working platform x x x z-coordinates Drilling point Position of pile head x x x x structural element, x, y, z Length of pile x x x x Vertical inclination x x x x Direction of inclination x x x With unique reference (e.g. structural axis of building, Building axis, North azimuth) Material quality (specified separately for all materials) x x x x e.g. C30/37, S235 Material specification x x x x e.g. XC2 Projection length of reinforcement x x x Reinforcement content x Incl. Protrusion Type of reinforcement x x x Drawing number / type number (reference) / cage weight Tolerance element x x x

as1 as2 as3 as4

nr coMponEnt ExchanGE scEnarIos coMMEnt / rEfErEncE

17

4.2 anchor work 4.2.1 Anchors Type of anchor x x x x Permanent or temporary anchor; Strand or single-rod anchor Anchor number x x x Anchor position x x x A,B,C etc. Anchor reference length x x x x From bore in lower edge to centre of retaining wall Anchor location x x x x coordinates x, y with reference to the axis Vertical inclination x x x x top/bottom, with reference to the horizon Horizontal inclination (building axis) x x x clockwise/anti-clockwise direction of rotation Drilling diameter x Length of compression element x x x x Diameter of load-bearing element x x x Number of strands/rods x x x e.g. 4 strands Diameter of single load- x x Ø 0,6‘‘ bearing element Steel quality x x 1570/1770 Tolerance element x x x Lock-off force x x Possibly lock-off factor Anchor force x x x Test load x 4.2.2 Anchor head Space required Anchor head construction x x x x 4.3 soldier pile wall 4.3.1 Bore Drill hole diameter x x x x Drill hole number x x working platform x x x z-coordinates drilling location Drilling location x x, y Length of bore x x x Length of backfilling (specify separately for all materials) x x x x Material quality (quote separately for all materials) x x x x e.g. C25/30 4.3.2 Girder Profile type x x x x Material quality x x x Girder number x x Upper level of lining girder x x x x Length of girder x x x x 4.3.3 Timber lagging Material quality x x x Thickness x x x Top level x x x Bottom level x x x Centre-to-centre distance of girders x x x 4.3.4 Shotcrete cladding Thickness x x x x Material quality x x x e.g. C25/30; BSt 500 M Top level x x x x Bottom level x x x x Centre-to-centre distance of girders x x x Reinforcement content kg/m² x x x Single/two-layer x Drainage apertures/ Drainage mats x x x x Grid 4.3.5 Walers Profile type x x x Material quality x x x Height position x x Anchor position A,B,C etc. Length of waler x x x

4.4 sheet pile wall 4.4.1 Sheet pile Profile x x x x Material quality x x x x Delivery form x x x x Single, double and triple sheet piles Top level x x x x Length x x x x Element number x x 4.5 Grouting works 4.5.1 Injection bore Drill hole diameter x x x Drill hole number x x Working platform x x x z-coordinates Drilling location Drilling location x x x, y Vertical inclination x x x Direction of inclination x x x With unique reference (e.g. axis of building, lining axis, North azimuth) Length of bore x x x x

as1 as2 as3 as4

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4.5.2 Grouting Injection material x x x x Project number x x Location of injection material x x x x Fill quantity x x x min. / max. values Compaction pressures x x min. / max. values 4.6 Jet grouting 4.6.1 Jet grouting elements Material x x Technical requirements x x Strength, permeability Geometric dimensions x x x 4.6.2 jet grouting element Type x x Column diameter x x x x Column number x x x Working platform x x x z-coordinates Drilling location Position of column head x x x structural element, x y, z Pile length x x x Length of column x x x Vertical inclination x x x With unique reference (e.g. structural axis of building, Building axis, North azimuth) Material quality x x x Suspension Material specification x x x Tolerance element x x x Sector angle x x x 4.7 diaphragm wall works 4.7.1 Guide wall One-sided/two-sided x e.g. for different designs Geometric dimensions x Offset to outside edge of x Planned interval and manufacturing tolerance D-wall wall Top level x Length (measured in x x x sector angle axis) Material quality x C30/37; S235 Reinforcement content kg/m³ x 4.7.2 D-wall panels Type x x x x SW / DW / 1 or 2 phase wall Working platform x x x Wall thickness x x x x Suspension surface level x x Top level of D-wall panels x x x x Top level of concrete Height of D- wall panels x x x x From top level of concrete to bottom level Length of panel x x Tolerance element x x x Type of panel x Starter, intermediate, closure, kink panel, Type of joints x Flat joint / stop end joints / pre-cast joint Panel drawing x x Material quality (specify x x x x e.g. C35/45; BSt 500; Suspension unit weight etc. separately for all materials) Backfilling of empty panels x x x (Material properties) Reinforcement content x Alternatively: Weight of sheet piles or kg/m³ / kg/m² / kg/m steel girder or similar item Type of reinforcement x x x Drawing number / type number (reference) / cage weight; alternatively: sheet pile or steel girder profile Installation parts x x x x Inclinometer; Anchor pots; Anchor plates etc.

4.8 freezing 4.8.1 Bores Drilling diameter x x Drilling number x x x Drilling location x x Coordinates x, y Working platform x x x Where necessary for empty bore; restricted height, space conditions; z-coordinates of drilling location Length of bore x x Horizontal inclination x x Vertical inclination x x Material quality (specify x x x x e.g. freezing tube, filler material separately for all materials) Tolerance element x x x Diameter of freezing / temperature measuring pipe x x x Length of freezing / x x x temperature measuring pipe Interval of temperature x x x measuring points

as1 as2 as3 as4

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4.8.2 freezing element Material x x Frozen ground material and water to be frozen Technical requirements x x Strength, permeability, average temperature in the frozen element Geometric dimensions x x x Holding period x x x freezing duration x x x 4.8.3 freezing cylinder Diameter freezing x x With details of temporary dependency cylinder Length of freezing cylinder x x Length of insulation line x x 4.8.4 Temperature measuring equipment Number of measuring points x x Position of a measuring point x x x 4.8.5 Insulating element Length x x x Width x x x Heat transfer coefficient x x U value Material quality x x

edited by:

German construction Industry federation

Federal Department of Ground Engineering

(Hauptverband der Deutschen Bauindustrie e.V.

Bundesfachabteilung Spezialtiefbau*)

kurfürstenstraße 129

10785 Berlin

Telefon 030 21286-232

Telefax 030 21286-250

tiefbau@bauindustrie.de

www.bauindustrie.de/themen/bundesfachabteilungen/spezialtiefbau/

*the federal department of Ground Engineering (Bfa spezialtiefbau) is an associ-ation of leading German companies of Ground Engineering. the Bfa spezialtiefbau represents a turnover of over 1 billion Euro in Germany.