Daily Current Capsules - 24th JULY

2019

Bilateral Relations

Shimla Agreement Know! about Simla Agreement and How it is Relevant Amid Trump's Kashmir Mediation Gaffe

Relevance in – Prelims ( about Shimla agreement) + Mains ( GS II bilateral

relations)

The Simla Agreement was signed by Prime Minister Indira Gandhi and

Pakistani President Zulfikar Ali Bhutto on 2 July 1972, following a full-blown

war between India and Pakistan in 1971

What’s the NEWS

Donald Trump in a recent statement claimed that PM Modi had asked

him to be the mediator in the Kashmir dispute between India and

Pakistan.

India outrightly rejected Trump’s claims saying that no such request was

made by the Prime Minister.

Trump’s Kashmir claim has, however, turned into a huge controversy, as

it violates the 1972 Shimla Agreement.

Know! all about the Shimla Agreement of July 2, 1972

The Shimla agreement was signed by the then Indian Prime Minister

Indira Gandhi and Pakistan President Zulfikar Ali Bhutto on July 2, 1972,

after the 1971 India-Pakistan war, which liberated East Pakistan and led

to the creation of Bangladesh.

The Shimla agreement was a comprehensive blueprint that aimed to

enable good neighbourly relations between India and Pakistan.

Under it, both India and Pakistan decided to give up past conflict and

focus on establishing a durable friendship, peace and cooperation

between them.

The Shimla Agreement comprises a set of principles, agreed to by both

India and Pakistan, which emphasize upon respect for each other’s

sovereignty, territorial integrity, sovereign equality, non-interference in

each other’s internal affairs, respect for each other’s political

independence and unity and discarding of hostile propaganda.

Know! the key Principles of the Shimla Agreement

Mutual commitment to the peaceful resolution of all issues through direct

bilateral approaches.

Build the foundation of a cooperative relationship with a focus on people-

to-people contacts.

Uphold the inviolability of Line of Control in Jammu and Kashmir.

To govern the relations by the principles of the United Nations charter.

Miscellaneous Factoids

National Broadcasting Day

Relevance IN – Prelims ( about national broadcasting day)

What’s the NEWS

Information and Broadcasting Minister Prakash Javadekar has wished

the people on National broadcasting Day.

Know! more about the day

On this day in 1927, the first ever radio broadcast in the country went on

the air from the Bombay Station under a private company, the Indian

Broadcasting Company.

The Indian State Broadcasting Service became All India Radio on 8th of

June, 1936,

All India Radio has been serving to inform, educate and entertain the

masses since it's inception, truly living up to its motto - Bahujan Hitaya

Bahujan Sukhaya.

Economic Developments

Inter-ministerial committee recommends ban on private cryptocurrencies in India

Relevance IN – Prelims ( about cryptocurrencies and its status in India) +

Mains ( GS III economic developments + cyber security and law)

What’s the NEWS

An Inter-ministerial panel, which was set up by government on issues

related to the cryptocurrencies in India, has given its recommendations.

This high level panel has suggested banning all private crypto-currencies

in India.

This inter-ministerial also recommends a fine of up to Rs. 25 crore and

imprisonment of 10 years for anyone dealing in them. Also, this panel has

recommends to ban the blockchain system in selected areas of the

country.

Know! the recommendations made by the committee

The committee recommends that all private cryptocurrencies, except any

cryptocurrency which may be issued by the government, be banned in

India.

Cryptocurrencies issued by foreign private enterprises should be

completely banned in India.

Committee also proposed that exchanges, investors, traders and other

financial intermediaries should be covered under this.

It also proposed that dealing in them (cryptocurrency) should be made a

criminal offence.

Punishment for using Cyrpto currency in India

A draft law presented by the committee says that any direct or indirect

use of cryptocurrency will be punishable offence in India.

Committee proposed a fine or imprisonment which shall not be less than

one year but which may extend up to 10 years.

In case of repeated offence, it shall be punishable with imprisonment of

up to five years that could extend to 10 years with a fine.

The fine could be three times the loss or harm caused by the person or

three times the gain made by a person or up to Rs 25 crore.

Indian National Movement

Chandra Shekhar Azad 113th Birth Anniversary

Relevance IN – Prelims ( about Chandra Shekhar azad) + Mains ( GS I Indian

national movement – personalities)

What’s the NEWS

India observes 113th birth anniversary of Chandra Shekhar Azad on July

23, 2019. His life is a source of inspiration in country as he got involved

in freedom struggle at a very young age. Chandra Shekhar Azad is

popularly known as ‘Azad’.

Popularly known as Azad, Chandra Shekhar Azad was an Indian

revolutionary who reorganised the Hindustan Republican Association

under its new name of Hindustan Socialist Republican Army (HSRA)

after the death of its founder, Ram Prasad Bismil, and three other

prominent party leaders, Roshan Singh, Rajendra Nath Lahiri and

Ashfaqulla Khan.

Know! more about the legend

One of the most well-known freedom fighters in India, he was born as

Chandrashekhar Tiwari on 23 July 1906 in Bhabhra village (town)

In 1921, when Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi launched the Non-

Cooperation Movement, Chandra Shekhar, then a 15-year-old student,

joined

Believed that on being presented before a magistrate, he gave his name as

"Azad" (The Free), his father's name as "Swatantrata" (Independence)

and his residence as "Jail". From that day he came to be known as

Chandra Shekhar Azad among the people.

He became extremely popular after Kakori Rail Dacoity in 1925 and

assassination of policeman John Saunders in year 1928.

Bhagat Singh and Azad came together after the death of Lala Lajpat Rai.

Azad trained Bhagat Singh and other young revolutionaries in

underground activities.

Azad died at Alfred Park in Allahabad, now Prayagraj, on 27 February

1931. The park has been renamed to Chandrashekhar Azad Park to

honour the incredible sacrifice of this legend.

Azad was wounded in the process of defending himself and Sukhdev

Raj and killed three policemen and wounded others.

Know! about Kakori Dacoit

On August 9, 1925, Hindustan Socialist Republican Army (HSRA)

attacked a train carrying a collection of government funds in Kakori, in

which Rs 4,500 was looted by Indian freedom fighters.

Members of HSRA were Ramprasad Bismil, Ashfaqallah Khan, Rajendra

Lahiri and Roshan Singh were arrested and sentenced to death. Azad

managed to dodge the police.

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