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Ontology-Based Dimensional Data Warehouse Design at the International Workshop on Ontology-Driven Software Engineering (ODiSE), 2009 OOPSLA Conference, Orlando, Florida, USA - 25 October 2009
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Ontology-Based Dimensional Data Warehouse Design
International Workshop on Ontology-Driven Software Engineering (ODiSE)
Orlando, Florida, USA - 25 October 2009
Richard E. Biehl, Ph.D.Data-Oriented Quality Solutions
Orlando, Florida, USA1
Evolution of the “Star”
Patient
En
cou
nte
r Ph
ysician
DateService
Facts
Customer
Pro
du
ct Store
DateOffering
Dimensions
(a) Sales Data (b) Clinical Data
Facts
DiagnosisFacility
Material
Account
Pro
cedu
re
2
Clinical Data Warehousesbased on star schema dimensional models
Copyright © 2009, Data-Oriented Quality Solutions. 3
Dimensional Anatomy Pattern (Structure)
Dimension Definition
Dimension Hierarchy
Dimension Bridge
Dimension Group
Dimension Reference
Dimension Context
TypePerspectiveOrigin (Top Most )Depth from ParentTerminus (Bottom Most)
RoleRankWeight
Category Description
CompositeCode1Code2Code3Code4Code5
Descendent Parent
NetworkDirected Acyclic GraphHierarchy (Fiat)
Composite
Fact
OwnerLabel1Label2Label3Label4Label5
Value
4
i2b2 CDW
Data Warehouse Architectural Maturity Pathway
Copyright © 2009, Data-Oriented Quality Solutions. 5
GeneralizedDimension
DimensionsPatient
VisitProvider
SIMPLE FACT
GeneralizedDimension
DimensionsOrganization
CaregiverPatient
EncounterAnatomyDiagnosisProcedure
MaterialFacility
AccountingOperationCalendar
ClockGeopolitics
ROBUST FACT
GeneralizedDimension
SIMPLE FACT
Evolution Path 2Reduction in fact volume enabled by expansion of dimensional capabilities (e.g. groups & bridges, hierarchies)
Evolution Path 1 Instantiation of additional dimensions out of the abstract generic structure.
(a) (b) (c)
Copyright © 2009, Data-Oriented Quality Solutions.
Spatiotemporal Region
SNAPContinuant
SPANOccurrent
SpatialRegion
IndependentContinuant
DependentContinuant
ProcessualEntity
TemporalRegion
SiteObjectObject AggregateFiat Part of ObjectBoundary of Object
3D, 2D, 1D, 0D
QualityRealizable Entity Function Role Disposition
Scattered Spatiotemporal RegionConnected Spatiotemporal Region Spatiotemporal Interval Spatiotemporal Instant
Processual ContextProcess AggregateProcessFiat Part of ProcessBoundary of Process
Scattered Temporal RegionConnected Temporal Region Temporal Interval Temporal Instant
Basic Formal Ontology (BFO)
6
Copyright © 2009, Data-Oriented Quality Solutions.
Spatiotemporal Region
SNAPContinuant
SPANOccurrent
SpatialRegion
IndependentContinuant
DependentContinuant
ProcessualEntity
TemporalRegion
SiteObjectObject AggregateFiat Part of ObjectBoundary of Object
3D, 2D, 1D, 0D
QualityRealizable Entity Function Role Disposition
Scattered Spatiotemporal RegionConnected Spatiotemporal Region Spatiotemporal Interval Spatiotemporal Instant
Processual ContextProcess AggregateProcessFiat Part of ProcessBoundary of Process
Scattered Temporal RegionConnected Temporal Region Temporal Interval Temporal Instant
Basic Formal Ontology (BFO)
Organization
Caregiver
Patient
Anatomy
Diagnosis
Procedure
Material
Facility
Accounting
Geopolitics
Calendar
Clock
Clinical Data Warehouse (CDW)
7
Copyright © 2009, Data-Oriented Quality Solutions.
Spatiotemporal Region
SNAPContinuant
SPANOccurrent
SpatialRegion
IndependentContinuant
DependentContinuant
ProcessualEntity
TemporalRegion
SiteObjectObject AggregateFiat Part of ObjectBoundary of Object
3D, 2D, 1D, 0D
QualityRealizable Entity Function Role Disposition
Scattered Spatiotemporal RegionConnected Spatiotemporal Region Spatiotemporal Interval Spatiotemporal Instant
Processual ContextProcess AggregateProcessFiat Part of ProcessBoundary of Process
Scattered Temporal RegionConnected Temporal Region Temporal Interval Temporal Instant
Basic Formal Ontology (BFO)
Organization
Caregiver
Patient
Anatomy
Diagnosis
Procedure
Material
Facility
Accounting
Geopolitics
Calendar
Clock
Clinical Data Warehouse (CDW)
(a)
8
Copyright © 2009, Data-Oriented Quality Solutions.
Spatiotemporal Region
SNAPContinuant
SPANOccurrent
SpatialRegion
IndependentContinuant
DependentContinuant
ProcessualEntity
TemporalRegion
SiteObjectObject AggregateFiat Part of ObjectBoundary of Object
3D, 2D, 1D, 0D
QualityRealizable Entity Function Role Disposition
Scattered Spatiotemporal RegionConnected Spatiotemporal Region Spatiotemporal Interval Spatiotemporal Instant
Processual ContextProcess AggregateProcessFiat Part of ProcessBoundary of Process
Scattered Temporal RegionConnected Temporal Region Temporal Interval Temporal Instant
Basic Formal Ontology (BFO)
Organization
Caregiver
Patient
Anatomy
Diagnosis
Procedure
Material
Facility
Accounting
Geopolitics
Calendar
Clock
Clinical Data Warehouse (CDW)
(a)
(b)
9
Copyright © 2009, Data-Oriented Quality Solutions.
Spatiotemporal Region
SNAPContinuant
SPANOccurrent
SpatialRegion
IndependentContinuant
DependentContinuant
ProcessualEntity
TemporalRegion
SiteObjectObject AggregateFiat Part of ObjectBoundary of Object
3D, 2D, 1D, 0D
QualityRealizable Entity Function Role Disposition
Scattered Spatiotemporal RegionConnected Spatiotemporal Region Spatiotemporal Interval Spatiotemporal Instant
Processual ContextProcess AggregateProcessFiat Part of ProcessBoundary of Process
Scattered Temporal RegionConnected Temporal Region Temporal Interval Temporal Instant
Basic Formal Ontology (BFO)
Organization
Caregiver
Patient
Anatomy
Diagnosis
Procedure
Material
Facility
Accounting
Geopolitics
Calendar
Clock
Clinical Data Warehouse (CDW)
(a)
(b)
(c)
10
Spatiotemporal Region
SNAPContinuant
SPANOccurrent
SpatialRegion
IndependentContinuant
DependentContinuant
ProcessualEntity
TemporalRegion
SiteObjectObject AggregateFiat Part of ObjectBoundary of Object
3D, 2D, 1D, 0D
QualityRealizable Entity Function Role Disposition
Scattered Spatiotemporal RegionConnected Spatiotemporal Region Spatiotemporal Interval Spatiotemporal Instant
Processual ContextProcess AggregateProcessFiat Part of ProcessBoundary of Process
Scattered Temporal RegionConnected Temporal Region Temporal Interval Temporal Instant
Basic Formal Ontology (BFO)
Organization
Caregiver
Patient
Encounter
Anatomy
Diagnosis
Procedure
Material
Facility
Accounting
Geopolitics
Calendar
Clock
Clinical Data Warehouse (CDW)
Operation
Copyright © 2009, Data-Oriented Quality Solutions.
(d)
11
Spatiotemporal Region
SNAPContinuant
SPANOccurrent
SpatialRegion
IndependentContinuant
DependentContinuant
ProcessualEntity
TemporalRegion
SiteObjectObject AggregateFiat Part of ObjectBoundary of Object
3D, 2D, 1D, 0D
QualityRealizable Entity Function Role Disposition
Scattered Spatiotemporal RegionConnected Spatiotemporal Region Spatiotemporal Interval Spatiotemporal Instant
Processual ContextProcess AggregateProcessFiat Part of ProcessBoundary of Process
Scattered Temporal RegionConnected Temporal Region Temporal Interval Temporal Instant
Basic Formal Ontology (BFO)
Organization
Caregiver
Patient
Encounter
Anatomy
Diagnosis
Procedure
Material
Facility
Accounting
Geopolitics
Calendar
Clock
Clinical Data Warehouse (CDW)
Operation
Copyright © 2009, Data-Oriented Quality Solutions.
(d)
(e)
12
Spatiotemporal Region
SNAPContinuant
SPANOccurrent
SpatialRegion
IndependentContinuant
DependentContinuant
ProcessualEntity
TemporalRegion
SiteObjectObject AggregateFiat Part of ObjectBoundary of Object
3D, 2D, 1D, 0D
QualityRealizable Entity Function Role Disposition
Scattered Spatiotemporal RegionConnected Spatiotemporal Region Spatiotemporal Interval Spatiotemporal Instant
Processual ContextProcess AggregateProcessFiat Part of ProcessBoundary of Process
Scattered Temporal RegionConnected Temporal Region Temporal Interval Temporal Instant
Basic Formal Ontology (BFO)
Organization
Caregiver
Patient
Encounter
Anatomy
Diagnosis
Procedure
Material
Facility
Accounting
Geopolitics
Calendar
Clock
Clinical Data Warehouse (CDW)
Operation
Facts
Copyright © 2009, Data-Oriented Quality Solutions.
(d)
(f)
(e)
13
Spatiotemporal Region
SNAPContinuant
SPANOccurrent
SpatialRegion
IndependentContinuant
DependentContinuant
ProcessualEntity
TemporalRegion
SiteObjectObject AggregateFiat Part of ObjectBoundary of Object
3D, 2D, 1D, 0D
QualityRealizable Entity Function Role Disposition
Scattered Spatiotemporal RegionConnected Spatiotemporal Region Spatiotemporal Interval Spatiotemporal Instant
Processual ContextProcess AggregateProcessFiat Part of ProcessBoundary of Process
Scattered Temporal RegionConnected Temporal Region Temporal Interval Temporal Instant
Basic Formal Ontology (BFO)
Organization
Caregiver
Patient
Encounter
Anatomy
Diagnosis
Procedure
Material
Facility
Accounting
Geopolitics
Calendar
Clock
Clinical Data Warehouse (CDW)
Operation
Facts
Copyright © 2009, Data-Oriented Quality Solutions.
(d)
(g)
(f)
(e)
14
Spatiotemporal Region
SNAPContinuant
SPANOccurrent
SpatialRegion
IndependentContinuant
DependentContinuant
ProcessualEntity
TemporalRegion
SiteObjectObject AggregateFiat Part of ObjectBoundary of Object
3D, 2D, 1D, 0D
QualityRealizable Entity Function Role Disposition
Scattered Spatiotemporal RegionConnected Spatiotemporal Region Spatiotemporal Interval Spatiotemporal Instant
Processual ContextProcess AggregateProcessFiat Part of ProcessBoundary of Process
Scattered Temporal RegionConnected Temporal Region Temporal Interval Temporal Instant
Basic Formal Ontology (BFO)
Organization
Caregiver
Patient
Encounter
Anatomy
Diagnosis
Procedure
Material
Facility
Accounting
Geopolitics
Calendar
Clock
Clinical Data Warehouse (CDW)
Operation
Facts
Copyright © 2009, Data-Oriented Quality Solutions.15
Spatiotemporal Region
SNAPContinuant
SPANOccurrent
SpatialRegion
IndependentContinuant
DependentContinuant
ProcessualEntity
TemporalRegion
SiteObjectObject AggregateFiat Part of ObjectBoundary of Object
3D, 2D, 1D, 0D
QualityRealizable Entity Function Role Disposition
Scattered Spatiotemporal RegionConnected Spatiotemporal Region Spatiotemporal Interval Spatiotemporal Instant
Processual ContextProcess AggregateProcessFiat Part of ProcessBoundary of Process
Scattered Temporal RegionConnected Temporal Region Temporal Interval Temporal Instant
Basic Foundational Ontology (BFO)
Organization
Caregiver
Patient
Encounter
Anatomy
Diagnosis
Procedure
Material
Facility
Accounting
Geopolitics
Calendar
Clock
Clinical Data Warehouse (CDW)
Operation
Facts
Copyright © 2009, Data-Oriented Quality Solutions. 16
Foundational Model of Anatomy (FMA)
RelationsIs aPart of / Has partDisjoint fromUnion ofInverse of
Anatomical Entities
Attribute Entities
Dimensional Entities
Spatiotemporal Region
SNAPContinuant
SPANOccurrent
SpatialRegion
IndependentContinuant
DependentContinuant
ProcessualEntity
TemporalRegion
SiteObjectObject AggregateFiat Part of ObjectBoundary of Object
3D, 2D, 1D, 0D
QualityRealizable Entity Function Role Disposition
Scattered Spatiotemporal RegionConnected Spatiotemporal Region Spatiotemporal Interval Spatiotemporal Instant
Processual ContextProcess AggregateProcessFiat Part of ProcessBoundary of Process
Scattered Temporal RegionConnected Temporal Region Temporal Interval Temporal Instant
Basic Foundational Ontology (BFO)
Organization
Caregiver
Patient
Encounter
Anatomy
Diagnosis
Procedure
Material
Facility
Accounting
Geopolitics
Calendar
Clock
Clinical Data Warehouse (CDW)
Operation
Facts
Copyright © 2009, Data-Oriented Quality Solutions. 17
Human Disease Ontology
RelationsIs aPart of / Has partDisjoint fromUnion ofInverse of
Diseases
Spatiotemporal Region
SNAPContinuant
SPANOccurrent
SpatialRegion
IndependentContinuant
DependentContinuant
ProcessualEntity
TemporalRegion
SiteObjectObject AggregateFiat Part of ObjectBoundary of Object
3D, 2D, 1D, 0D
QualityRealizable Entity Function Role Disposition
Scattered Spatiotemporal RegionConnected Spatiotemporal Region Spatiotemporal Interval Spatiotemporal Instant
Processual ContextProcess AggregateProcessFiat Part of ProcessBoundary of Process
Scattered Temporal RegionConnected Temporal Region Temporal Interval Temporal Instant
Basic Foundational Ontology (BFO)
Organization
Caregiver
Patient
Encounter
Anatomy
Diagnosis
Procedure
Material
Facility
Accounting
Geopolitics
Calendar
Clock
Clinical Data Warehouse (CDW)
Operation
Facts
Copyright © 2009, Data-Oriented Quality Solutions. 18
Human Phenotype Ontology
RelationsIs aDisjoint fromUnion ofInverse of
Inheritances
Organ abnormalities
Onsets & Clinical courses
Spatiotemporal Region
SNAPContinuant
SPANOccurrent
SpatialRegion
IndependentContinuant
DependentContinuant
ProcessualEntity
TemporalRegion
SiteObjectObject AggregateFiat Part of ObjectBoundary of Object
3D, 2D, 1D, 0D
QualityRealizable Entity Function Role Disposition
Scattered Spatiotemporal RegionConnected Spatiotemporal Region Spatiotemporal Interval Spatiotemporal Instant
Processual ContextProcess AggregateProcessFiat Part of ProcessBoundary of Process
Scattered Temporal RegionConnected Temporal Region Temporal Interval Temporal Instant
Basic Foundational Ontology (BFO)
Organization
Caregiver
Patient
Encounter
Anatomy
Diagnosis
Procedure
Material
Facility
Accounting
Geopolitics
Calendar
Clock
Clinical Data Warehouse (CDW)
Operation
Facts
Copyright © 2009, Data-Oriented Quality Solutions. 19
Environmental Ontology
RelationsIs aLocated inMade ofPart of / Has part Disjoint fromUnion ofInverse of
Biomes
Foods
Environmental Matters
Environmental Features
Spatiotemporal Region
SNAPContinuant
SPANOccurrent
SpatialRegion
IndependentContinuant
DependentContinuant
ProcessualEntity
TemporalRegion
SiteObjectObject AggregateFiat Part of ObjectBoundary of Object
3D, 2D, 1D, 0D
QualityRealizable Entity Function Role Disposition
Scattered Spatiotemporal RegionConnected Spatiotemporal Region Spatiotemporal Interval Spatiotemporal Instant
Processual ContextProcess AggregateProcessFiat Part of ProcessBoundary of Process
Scattered Temporal RegionConnected Temporal Region Temporal Interval Temporal Instant
Basic Foundational Ontology (BFO)
Organization
Caregiver
Patient
Encounter
Anatomy
Diagnosis
Procedure
Material
Facility
Accounting
Geopolitics
Calendar
Clock
Clinical Data Warehouse (CDW)
Operation
Facts
Copyright © 2009, Data-Oriented Quality Solutions. 20
Gene Ontology
RelationsIs aPart of Regulates - Negatively - PositivelyDisjoint fromUnion ofInverse of
Molecular Functions
Cellular Components
Biological Processes
21
Adapted from Mejino, O. (2007). The NeuroFMA: Ontological Framework for Neuroanatomy. Structural Informatics Group, University of Washington.
22
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