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Author Index

Aaltonen, B., 272Abad, Ángeles, 18, 252Achugar, Mariana, 200, 252Agar, Michael, 12, 166, 252Aguessy, H., 257Ahlsén, Elisabeth, 252Alakare, K., 272Alcina Franch, Juan, 24, 252Alexandre, Víctor, 145n.7, 252Allen, Robert, 260Allwood, Jens, 174–5, 252Almeida, Manuel, 18–19, 252Álvarez, Rosario, 18, 270Alvarez-Caccamo, Celso, 49n.10, 252Álvarez Martínez, Mª Ángeles, 252,

256Anderson, Bob, 8, 272Anderson, D., 217, 274Antonopoulou, Eleni, 203n.6, 252Aponte Moreno, Marco, 146, 252Aquín, Nora, 94, 259Arceo Vacas, José Luis, 252Armas Ayala, Alfonso, 252Arundale, Robert, 174, 210, 213,

225n.1, 252Aston, Guy, 192–3, 208, 253Atkinson, David, vi, x, 31, 91, 130–45,

263Atkinson, John Maxwell, 150, 253,

255Attridge, Derek, 270Ávila, Raúl, 23, 25–6, 33, 253, 276

Bachmann, Iris, v, x, 14–15, 50–66,253

Bailey, Benjamin, 222, 253Baker, Carolyne, 217, 253Bakhtin, Mikhail, 11, 15n.1, 95, 173,

229–30, 253, 255Bally, Charles, 271Bargiela-Chiappini, Francesca, 208,

210, 225, 253Barker, Chris, 21, 253

Barreto, Daniel, 18, 253Barron, Anne, 270, 272Basso, Raquel, 256Bauman, Zygmunt, 94, 253Bayley, Paul, 111, 253, 262, 274Bechelloni, Giovanni, 268Bell, Allan, 112, 253Benwell, Bethan, 111, 253Beswick, Jaine, v, x, 14, 35–49, 254Bhagat, Rabi S., 256Biber, Douglas, 254Blakar, R. M., 271Blanco, Carlos, 147, 254Blas Arroyo, José Luis, 89, 111, 254Blecua, José Manuel, 24, 252Blommaert, Jan, 51, 53–4, 254Blondheim, Menahem, 254Blum-Kulka, Shoshana, 2, 254Boden, Deirdre, 1, 254Bokhorst-Heng, Wendy, 142, 254Bolívar, Adriana, 89, 111, 146–7,

171n.2, 254Borzeix, Annie, 269Bou Franch, Patricia, 258Bourdieu, Pierre, 150, 254Boutet, J., 208, 254Bouwhuis, Don G., 273Boxer, Diana, 206n.12, 254Boyd, Aleksander, 146, 276Bravo, Diana, 167, 207n.14, 210–11,

254, 259, 261, 271Brazil, David, 176, 254Brittos, César Cruz, 270Briz, Antonio, 167, 174, 206n.5, 254,

258, 261Brown, Penelope, 116, 124, 128,

210–13, 225n.2, 254Bubnova, Tatiana, 173, 255Buonanno, Milly, 268Buscaglia, Virginia, 227, 230, 251n.5,

269Button, Graham, 255

278

Author Index 279

Caffi, Claudia, 222, 255Callahan, Laura, 206n.3, 255Calsamiglia Blancafort, Helena, 168,

171, 255Cameron, Deborah, 2, 166, 255Cameron, Richard, 265Cano Aguilar, Rafael, 263, 267Carbó, Teresa, 89, 255Carbonero Cano, P., 263Carter, Ronald, 151, 273Carvalho, Ana Maria, 64, 255Casey, Neil, 255Castellano, A., 18, 267Castelló Cogollos, Enric, 21–2, 29–30,

255Castillo-Lluch, Mónica, 270Chaika, Elaine, 197, 255Chambers, Jack K., 267Cheepen, Christine, 217, 255Chen, E. et al., 255Cheng, Winnie, 255Chilton, Paul, 111–12, 129n.8, 255,

274Chomsky, Noam, 86, 150, 229, 255,

261Chumaceiro, I., 89, 255Cicourel, Aaron, 173, 255Clark, Herbert H., 173, 255–6Clyne, Michael G., 206n.12, 256Codó Olsina, Eva, 208, 256Cole, Peter, 260Collins, James, 254, 256Conrad, Susan, 254Corbella Díaz, Dolores, 252, 256, 267,

276Corrales Zumbado, Cristóbal, 18, 256,

276Coulmas, Florian, 263, 273Coupland, Justine, 166, 193, 256, 261,

263, 265, 274Coupland, Nikolas, 11–12, 256Cox, J. Robert, 262Crow, Tim, 228–9, 256Culpeper, Jonathan, 210, 256Cunningham, Stuart, 50–1, 273

Dader, José Luis, 89, 256Dash, J. Michael, 65n.1, 256Daskal Albert, Rosita, 215, 256Davies, Bronwyn, 112, 256Dávila, Arlene, 52–3, 256

de Jong, Eloisa, 94, 256de Granda, G., 209, 276De los Heros, Susana, 257Del Valle, José, 38, 40, 53, 59, 64, 257Deumert, Ana, 273Díaz Alayón, Carmen, 252, 256, 271Díaz Benítez, Juan José, 257Díaz Guerrero, Rogelio, 257Dicker, Susan, 74, 257Diop, Cheikh Anta, 257Dirven, René, 262Dobao, Antón, 35, 42–7, 257, 276Domínguez, Óscar, 18, 257Domínguez-Seco, Luzia, 38, 40, 47,

257Donohue, William A., 172, 257Drew, Paul, 1, 3, 8n.1, 166, 208, 253,

257, 264, 272Drummond, Phillip, 21, 257Duchêne, Alexandre, 257Duranti, A., 275Dyer, Judy, 16, 257

Ehlich, Konrad, 258Ellner, Steve, 146, 257Emmison, Mike, 253Enfield, N. J., 194, 257Ensslin, Astrid, 20, 43, 262–3Estévez González, Fernando, 259

Fabb, Nigel, 270Fairclough, Norman, 51, 97, 107, 109,

142, 166, 220, 258Falk, Johan, 261Fant, Lars, vi, x, 2, 168, 172–91,

207n.14, 258, 261Fecé, José L., 22, 30, 258Félix-Brasdefer, César, 194, 258Fernández, Miguel Anxo, 41, 258Fernández García, Francisco, 89, 259Fernández Rei, Elisa, 257Fernández Rei, Francisco, 39, 259Fernyhough, Charles, 229, 259Ferrer, María Cristina, 171n.2, 259Fine, Jonathan, 275Firpo, Arturo, 264Firth, Alan, 253Firth, John Rupert, 148, 259Fitch, Kristine, 167, 223, 259Flege, James, 49n.8, 259Flindall, Marie, 206n.3, 263

280 Author Index

Foucault, Michel, 259Fukushima, Saeko, 211, 259Fulcher, Glen, 266Fraenkel, Beatrice, 269Francis, David, 4, 261Frank, Roslyn, 262

Gabbiani, Beatriz, 171n.2Gaeta, Carlos, 277Galván Tudela, José Alberto, 18, 259Garcés-Conejos Blitvich, Pilar, 5, 70,

80, 259García, Ofelia, 263García, Carmen, xii, 166, 193, 252,

257, 264, 270, 273García Canclini, Néstor, 51–2, 259García Gómez, Antonio, 2, 259Gattino, Silvia Rosa, 94, 259Gibbs, Raymond, 173, 259Giles, Howard, 18, 259Gille, Johan, 173, 181, 259, 261Glaser, B., 231, 260Godsland, Shelley, 268Goffman, Erving, 5, 88, 223, 260, 272Golluscio, Lucía, 262González Cruz, Mª Isabel, v, x, 13–14,

16–34, 260Goodwin, Charles, 87, 260Goodwin, Margaret, 87, 260Gott, Richard, 146–7, 260Graham, Clayton, 129n.2, 263, 276Greenbaum, Sidney, 270Grice, H. Paul, 119, 128, 239, 260Griffiths, Alison, 21, 260Grosfoguel, Ramón, 275Gu, Y., 211, 226n.2, 260Gudykunst, William, 212, 260Guerra, Pancho, 260, 271Guibernau, Montserrat, 131, 260Gumperz, John J., 16, 260Gunnarsson, Britt-Louise, 260Gustavsson, Lennart, 264

Haarakangas, J. Keränen, 272Hacohen, Gonen, 254Hampton, Keith, 80, 275Harnecker, Marta, 260Harré, Rom, 112, 256Harris, Richard M., 263Harris, Sandra, 111, 208, 253, 260

Harvey, Ana María, 172–3, 191n.1,258, 261

Haverkate, Henk, 199, 205, 261Heller, Monica, 50–2, 257, 261Hellinger, Daniel C., 146, 257Heritage, John, 1, 3, 166, 174, 208,

255, 257, 261, 264Herman, Edward S., 150, 261Hermida Gulías, Carme, 44, 49n.11,

261Hernández Alonso, César, 258Hernández Flores, Nieves, 2, 167,

207n.14, 211, 261Hernández López, Mariola, 205,

206n.3, 261Hester, Stephen, 4, 261Hickey, Leo, 205, 207n.14, 261, 263Hofmann, Sabine, 261Hofstede, Geert, 261Holland, Dorothy, 273Holmes, Janet, 18, 166, 192–3, 208,

261Holtgraves, Thomas, 212, 261Hutchby, Ian, 4, 262Hutcheson, Sandy, 265Hymes, Dell, 95, 97, 262

Ide, Sachiko, 211, 262Ilie, Cornelia, 111, 262Iñigo-Mora, Isabel, 129n.1, 262

Jablensky, A., 228, 262Jackson, Sally, 181, 262Jacobs, Scott, 181, 262Jacoby, Sally, 111, 174, 262, 268James, Allan, 259Jameson, Frederic, 94, 262Jaworski, Adam, 12, 262Jefferson, Gail, 271Jensen, John, 209, 271Jiang, Wenying, 7, 165, 273Johnson, Sally, 20, 43, 253, 262–3Jones, Bart, 146–7, 155, 262Joseph, John E., 17, 262Joshi, Aravind, 256Julián, Gisele, 168, 262Juvonen, Päivi, 264

Kabatek, Johannes, 35, 42, 45,49nn.9–10, 262, 270

Kachru, Braj B., 16, 262–3

Author Index 281

Kasper, Gabrielle, 263Kaste, Martin, 81, 276Kelly-Holmes, H., 31, 263Kendon, Adam, 263Kerbrat-Orecchioni, Catherine,

206n.3, 263, 266Klinge, Alex, 258Knapp, Mark L., 262–3Koike, Dale, 129n.2, 263Kong, Kenneth C. C., 206n.3, 211, 263Kotschi, Thomas, 258Kroskrity, Paul, 263Kuiper, Koenraad, 206n.3, 226n.2, 263

Laborda Gil, Xavier, 129n.1, 263Labov, William, 263Lagarde, Christian, 271Lamíquiz, Vidal, 16, 263Landis, Dan, 256Lavandera, Beatriz R., 86, 97–8, 104,

263Lave, Jean, 111, 263Laver, John, 196, 198, 263, 265Leather, Jonathan, 259Lebrón, Marisol, 77, 276Leech, Geoffrey, 270Lehtinen, K., 272Le Page, Robert Brock, 264Lerner, Beatriz, 227, 230, 251, 269Leudar, I., 230, 264Levín, Silvia, 108, 264Levinson, Stephen C., 6, 116, 124,

128–9, 172, 213, 254, 257, 264Liebes, Tamar, 21, 264Lievrouw, Leah, 70, 264Lillis, Theresa, 273Livingstone, Sonia, 21, 70, 264Linell, Per, 85, 112, 174, 260, 264Lippi-Green, Rosina, 39, 264Lipski, John M., 59, 209, 264Llamas, Carmen, 257López, Mark Hugo, 68, 81n.5, 264López-Pumarejo, Tomás, 21, 264Lorda Mur, Clara Ubaldina, 89, 264Lorenzo, Antonio, 25, 264Lorenzo-Dus, Nuria, ii–iii, v–vi, ix,

1–15, 70, 85–92, 129n.4, 142,165–71, 206n.1, 207n.14, 259,264

Lorenzo Suárez, Anxo M., 36–8, 264

Loureiro-Rodriguez, Veronica, 38–43,47, 49n.10, 265

Louw, Erik, 21, 265LuMing, Mao, 265

MacCabe, Colin, 270McCallion, Michael, 32, 265McCarthy, Michael, 204, 206n.3, 265McHoul, Alec, 8n.1, 253, 261, 265McLaren, Margaret, 265Madfes, Irene, 171n.2, 259Maffiotte, Juan, 25, 265Major, Roy, 49n.8, 265Malanca, Patricia, 94, 265Maldonado-Torres, Nelson, 275Malinowski, Bronislaw, 265Malone, Martin, 265Mancera Rueda, Ana, vi, xi, 169,

192–207, 265, 270Marchese, Mariana Carolina, vi, xi, 90,

93–110, 265Mariño Paz, Ramón, 37, 49n.6, 266Mar-Molinero, Clare, v, xi, 5, 7–8, 15,

36, 41, 49n.2, 65n.1, 67–82, 257Márquez Reiter, Rosina, vi, xi–ii, 166,

169, 208–26, 266, 272Martín-Barbero, Jesús, 51, 56, 64,

266Martínez, Clarisa, 94, 266Martín Rojo, Luisa, 89, 111, 266Marshall, Catherine, 173, 256Matsumoto, Yoshiko, 211, 266May, Albert, 267, 276Medina López, Javier, 252, 267Mehan, Hugh, 8n.1, 267Méndez, Ana Irene, 146, 267Mendoza-Denton, Norma, 267Merritt, Marilyn, 208, 267Mesthrie, Rajend, 273Mey, Jacob, 40, 255, 267Mignolo, Walter, 52, 65n.1, 267Milroy, James, 38, 267Milroy, Lesley, 38, 267Mingo, Graciela, 95, 267Mitchell, Terence F., 204, 267Moneta, Carlos Juan, 51, 259Monteagudo, Henrique, 270–1Montes, Cecilia, 206.3n, 257Montgomery, Martin, 111, 267Montoya Martínez, Jesús, 268Morales-López, Esperanza, 135–6, 270

282 Author Index

Moreno Fernández, Francisco, 267Morera, Marcial, 19, 29, 256, 264, 267,

271Morgan, J. L., 260Morgenthaler García, Laura, 258Morillo-Velarde Pérez, Ramón, 267Morín, A., 18, 267Morrill, Calvin, 205, 207n.15, 267Mullany, Louise, 257Müller, A., 267Müller, Henrik H., 208, 258

Narbona Jiménez, Antonio, 205, 267Naughton, Julie M., 193, 274Neel, Françoise, 273Newcomb, Howard, 21, 268Nino Murcia, Mercedes, 265Nivre, Joakim, 252Noblía, María Valentina, 107, 268Nordberg, Bengt, 260Núñez, Paulina, 48, 173, 268Nyowe, Onuigbo, 268

Oakes, Michael P., 149, 268Oberholzer-Gee, Felix, 78, 268Ochs, Elinor, 111, 174, 262, 268O’Donnell, Hugh, 21–2, 268O’Driscoll, Jim, 211–12, 268Oesterreicher, Wolf, 258Oldenburg, Ray, 192–3, 203–5, 268Orlando, Virginia, 171n.2, 268O’Rourke, Bernadette, 37, 268O’Shanahan, Alfonso, 268Ortega, Gonzalo, 256, 264, 271Ortega Olivares, Jenaro, 191n.2, 268Ortiz, Tulio, 268–9Otheguy, Ricardo, 263Oyanedel, Marcela, 173, 268

Paira, Marisa, 256Pan, Y., 226n.2, 268Pardo, María Laura, vi, xi, 85, 94,

96–7, 104, 108–9, 170, 227–51,268–9

Paredes Nuñes, Juan, 268Paterson, Richard, 257Pavlidou, Theodossia, 225n.2, 269Pène, Sophie, 208, 269Pennycook, Alistair, 142, 269Pérez de Ayala, Soledad, 111, 269Pérez Morera, Jesús, 18, 269

Petersoo, Pille, 269Placencia, María Elena, vi, xi–ii,

192–207, 215, 225n.2, 252, 257,261, 264–6, 269–70, 272–3

Potowski, Kim, 265Pratt, Mary Louise, 59, 270Prego Vázquez, Gabriela, 171n.2, 270Pujante, David, 85–6, 89, 133, 135–6,

270

Quilis Morales, Antonio, 32, 258, 270Quintero Sánchez, Oliver Javier, 25,

270Quirk, Randolph, 142, 270

Radcliffe-Brown, A. R., 200, 270Rainey, Isobel, 266Rapley, Mark, 253, 261Rebouças, Edgard, 51, 55, 270Regueira Fernández, Xosé Luis, 35–9,

41, 43, 46, 48, 49n.3, 257, 270–1Repetto, Silvia, 94, 265Reppen, Randi, 254Ricardo, Valério, 263, 270Rice, Ronald, 70, 271Riedlinger, Albert, 271Ritchie Key, Mary, 263Roberts, Celia, 2, 271Roca, Ana, 209, 271Rodríguez, Francisco, 147, 271Rodríguez, María Clara, 94, 271Rogoff, Barbara, 230, 271Rommetveit, Ragnar, 173, 271Rothenbuhler, E., 224, 271Rothman, Jason, 265

Sacks, Harvey, 174–6, 271–2Sag, Ivan, 256Saldívar, José David, 275Samper Padilla, José Antonio, 24, 271Sánchez Lanza, Carmen, 171n.2, 215,

271San Martín, Gustavo, 106, 277Santamarina, Antón, 39, 271Santana Díaz, M. B., 34n.12, 271Sarangi, Srikant, 2, 271Saussure, Ferdinand de, 149, 154, 271Scannell, Paddy, 55, 272Schäffner, Christine, 274Schegloff, Emanuel, 174, 217, 225n.1,

226n.7, 271–2

Author Index 283

Schiffrin, Deborah, 273, 275Schilling-Estes, Natalie, 267Schlesinger, Philip, 21, 272Schneider, Klaus P., 194, 270, 272Schrader-Kniffki, Martina, 209, 258,

272Schwartz, Jorge, 272Scott, Mike, 149, 262, 272Sechehaye, Albert, 271Seikkula, J., 229, 272Seiler, Robert, 276Selting, Margret, 177, 272Sharrock, Wes, 8, 272Shifter, Michael, 147, 272Shimanoff, Susan, 213, 272Shore, Elena, 77–8, 277Sifianou, Maria, 225, 252, 272Silverman, D., 8n.1, 272Silverstone, Roger, 70, 272Sinclair, John M., 50–2, 53, 151, 273,

277Siqueira Bolaño, Valério Ricardo,

270Skinner, Debra, 229, 273Slembrouck, Stef, 254, 256Smith, Dominic, vi, xii, 91, 146–62,

273Snow, David A., 205, 207n.15, 267Sopeña, Emma, 258Spencer-Oatey, Helen, 7, 165, 193,

210, 273Spradley, J., 214, 273Stenström, Anna-Brita, 206n.10, 273Stewart, Miranda, vi, xi–ii, 8, 40–1,

49n.4, 90–1, 111–29, 215, 257,261, 263, 266

Stockwell, Peter, 257, 263Stokoe, Elizabeth, 111, 253Strauss, A., 231, 260Strecker, Ivo, 211, 273Stubbe, Maria, 166, 208, 261Stubbs, Michael, 148, 273Sutil, Guillén, 263Svartvik, Jan, 270Swann, Joan, 16, 273

Tabouret-Keller, Andrée, 16, 264, 273Taiwo, Rotimi, 259Tan Gek Lin, Daphne, 226n.2, 263Tannen, Deborah, 272Taylor, Paul, 174, 264

Taylor, Martin M., 68, 273Teubert, Wolfgang, 148, 273Thomas, Jenny, 221Thomas, P., 230, 264Thurén, Britt-Marie, 273Ting-Toomey, Stella, 212, 260, 272Tognini-Bonelli, Elena, 148, 274Tolson, Andrew, 274Tomás, Cortés, 277Toulmin, Stephen, 229, 235, 274Tracy, Karen, 193, 217, 274Traverso, Veronique, 206n.3, 266,

274Triandis, Harry, 212, 220, 226n.6,

274Trudgill, Peter, 267Trujillo, Ramón, 18, 274Tuñez, Miguel, 258, 261Turner, Graeme, 21, 274Turner, R., 272Tusón Valls, Amparo, 168, 171n.3, 255

Valsiner, Jaan, 273Van Dijk, Teun, 86–91, 107, 111, 130,

134, 136, 140, 144n.6, 266, 274Vasallo de Lopes, Maria Immacolata,

32, 274Vázquez Orta, Ignacio, 205, 274Vázquez Veiga, Nancy, 174, 274Vega Cantor, René, 108, 274Vera-Cazorla, Jesús, v, xii, 13–14,

16–34Vygotsky, Lev S., 230, 275

Wachtmeister Bermúdez, Fernando,261

Wagner, Johannes, 258Wainerman, Catalina, 94, 275Waldfogel, Joel, 78, 268Wallerstein, Immanuel, 53, 275Watson, Graham, 276Weber, Max, 86, 275Wellman, Barry, 80, 275Wenger, Etienne, 111, 263, 275Wertsch, James V., 174, 275Weyland, Kurt, 92n.1, 275Whalen, Jack, 8n.1, 275White, Anne M., 268White, Cindy H., 267Willard, Charles Arthur, 262Wilce, J. M., 228, 275

284 Author Index

Williamson, Robert C., 42, 275Williamson, Valerie L., 42, 275Willis, Janet, 257Wodak, Ruth, 2, 131, 142, 275Wolfson, Nessa, 205, 275Woolard, Kathryn, 1, 38, 275Wooton, A., 272

Yngve, Victor, 174, 275

Zilles, Ana Maria Stahl, 61, 275Zimmerman, Dan, 8n.1, 275Zimmerman, Don, 1, 8n.1, 217, 254,

275–6Zimmerman, Klaus, 206n.10, 209,

258, 276

Subject Index

accent(s)Canarian, 13, 18, 25–6, 30, 32Castilian, 29, 47English, 264Galician, 44reactions to, 259–60regional variation, 18, 39, 41, 43,

59role in election campaigns, 80and television, 22, 47Venezuelan Spanish, 25

advertising, 15, 30, 33n.2, 54, 60–5,67, 73–81, 161n.6

Africa, 228African, 211Aguado, General Mena, 144n.3Aló Presidente, 89, 91, 146–62, 273anaphora, 139Andalusia (Andalucía), 21, 23, 41, 141,

205, 207n.17, 267Andalusian Spanish, 19

Argentina, 7, 54–6, 87, 90, 94, 97, 106,108–9, 169–70, 171n.2, 208–26,230, 259, 264, 269, 271

see also Buenos Airesargumentation, 85–6, 168–9, 173,

181–2, 229–30, 233–5, 262Asia, 228Asian, 211asymmetrical power, 124, 166atenuación, 167–70Aznar, José María, 86, 131, 134–6, 270,

274

Bahía Blanca, 167, 262see also Argentina

Basque Country, the, 23, 37Basque language, 22

bilingualism, 36, 38–41, 69, 73–4, 265,271, 275

bilingüísmo harmónico, 38–40bimodal markers, 177–81, 188Blair, Tony, 150

Bolívar, Simón, 147, 153, 162n.10Bolivarianism, vi–viii, 89, 91,

146–62Bonaerense Spanish, 209–26

see also Argentina; Buenos AiresBrazil, 51–2, 55–7, 59, 60–1, 87, 147,

176, 252Brazilian diaspora, 7, 14:

Brazilian diaspora television, v, 7,14–15, 50–66, 253

Brazilian Portuguese, 275São Paulo, 56, 59, 61, 64see also Portuguese; television

discourseBritish National Corpus (BNC), 151broadcast media, xi, 5, 13–14

see also radio broadcasting;television discourse

Brownback, Sam, 71Buenos Aires, vi, xi, 56, 64, 90,

93–110, 230–51see also Argentina

Bush, President George W., 68, 81n.5,142

Cádiz Cortes, 133Canada, 50, 54, 65n.1Canales, Johnny, 76Canary Islands, the

Anglo-Canarian contact, xCanarian identity, v, 13, 16–34Canarian Spanish, x, xii, 7, 12–14,

17–20Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, x, xii,

24, 253, 256–7, 260, 271La Revista Canaria, 31

capitalism, 94–5, 108, 114, 156–7,159, 161n.6, 209, 262

Caribbean, the, 19, 65n.1, 226n.9,256

Castilian, v, 5, 7, 12–14, 35–49Castilianisation, v, 14, 35–49

Castro, Fidel, 158

285

286 Subject Index

Catalan, vi, 130–45Parliament, 88Statute of Autonomy, vi, 130–45

catatonic mutism, 233, 239Chávez, Hugo, vi, xii, 85, 89, 91,

146–62see also Venezuela

Chile, 7, 87, 169–70, 178, 230,269

Chinese, 142, 225–6n.2, 260,268

Clinton, Hillary, 67, 71–6, 80Clinton, President Bill, 76code-mixing, 59–61code-switching, 58, 60–3, 77, 80codification, 39–40cognition, 86, 174, 232, 257, 271,

274–5cohesion, 114, 232Colombia, 167, 259colonisation, 19, 25, 33n.4, 266commodification, 50–1, 261Communism, 156, 161n.6Community of Practice (CofP),

113–14, 129Conde, José, 77Constitución Española (Spanish

Constitution, 1978), 37, 131,140–1, 155

Convergència i Unió, 113conversation analysis, x–xi, 169,

208–26, 255, 258–60, 262–5,271–2

cooperation principle, 239see also Gricean Maxims

corpus linguistics, vi–vii, xii, 16–34,43, 91, 146–62, 230–51

Corte Inglés, El, 200, 206n.7Cox, John, 71critical discourse analysis (CDA), x–xi,

54, 93–110, 131, 133, 144, 170,227–51, 258

cross-cultural communicationsee under interculturalcommunication

Cuba, 77, 146

debateparliamentary, vi, 7, 85, 89–90,

111–29televised electoral, 2, 73, 88–9

deixis, 58, 128, 135–6, 138, 230, 233,247–50, 254, 269

diachronic linguistics, 149–61dialects of Spanish, 18

in Andalusia, 23in the Canary Islands, 23, 34Caribbean, 226Galician, 14, 39–40, 45–8, 49n.10Montevidean and Bonaerense, 209,

223non-standard, 18use in broadcast media, 22–4, 36,

41, 43–7see also accent

dialectology, x, 14, 259dialogue interpreting, xii, 168–9,

173–91, 229, 233, 238, 248,254–5, 259, 264, 272

diaspora, v, 7, 14–15, 50–66, 228, 273diglossia, 35, 40–3, 47, 265direct and indirect discourse, 233,

237–9, 248discourse

and interpersonal relations, vi,165–251

in political institutions, v–vi,85–162

and psychosis/psychiatry, vi, 227–51and the workplace, vi, 165–251see also critical discourse analysis

discrimination, 39, 43, 264see also immigration; racism

Dodd, Chris, 73Dorados del Norte, 76

economics, 33n.4, 47, 56, 64, 95, 97,116–22, 128, 158–9, 209, 214,223, 227, 231, 251n.4

Economist, The, 147, 257Ecuador, 171n.2, 215, 269–70Edinburgh, 215education

in Argentina, 153–60in the Canary Islands, 18in Chile, 173, 178in Galicia, 35–40, 42, 48in Latin America, 87–8NALEO Education Fund, 68, 81n.3,

276as a sociolinguistic variable, 178,

214, 229, 241

Subject Index 287

teacher/pupil power relations, 3,124

university as a workplace setting, 7,165, 168, 172–91, 194, 198, 205

and the US presidential elections,69, 79, 82n.12

Edwards, John, 71ellipsis, 197, 218, 220English, 4, 12, 15, 20, 25–7, 33, 50, 56,

59–63, 65–6, 70, 72–4, 76–80, 82,175, 206n.7, 208, 215, 217, 223,254–6, 256, 259, 262–4, 266,269–70

Enlightenment, the, 133Esquerra Republicana, 113ETA, 136ethnomethodology, 169, 213, 261,

272, 276

face-work strategies, vi, xi–xii, 7, 57,116, 119, 165–71, 199–201,208–26, 252–4, 265–6, 268,272–3

see also politenessfeedback processes, 174–6, 252Franco, General, 37, 135, 260French, xii, 25, 50, 52, 65n.1, 74,

208French Revolution, the, 133

Galicia(n), v, x, 7, 12–14, 35–49galeguismo, 37historical context of, 36–7Lei de normalización linguística (Law

of Linguistic Normalisation),38, 48nn.1, 2

phonology, 44–9press: El Correo Gallego, 48;

La Voz de Galicia, 49Santiago de Compostela, 44, 257–8,

261, 266, 270Xunta (Galician government), 37,

48: Alberto Núñez Feijóo, 48see also regionalism

genre, 7, 12–13, 20, 32, 54, 77, 90,95–8, 106, 108, 149, 155, 172,189, 229, 253, 264–5, 267

German, 74, 208, 269globalisation, xi, 2, 8, 56, 108, 253,

257–8, 261, 266glocalisation, 2, 80, 275

González, Felipe, 88–9grammar, x, 13, 17, 19–20, 270

Galician, 46lexico-grammar, 13, 17, 25–8, 31periphrastic form, 20, 96in political discourse, 96–110,

151–9pronouns, 20, 61, 66n.7, 76–7, 91,

121, 128, 135, 139–44, 226n.9,269

in psychotic discourse, 231–51tense, 20, 26, 102, 171n.3

Greek, 225–6n.2, 252, 269Gricean maxims, 119, 128

see also cooperation principle;implicature; presupposition

GRUPES corpus, 173Guanche language, 17, 20, 27, 30Guardian, The, 77Guatemala, 60Guevara, Che, 157

health care, 76, 79, 82n.13, 147, 151,165, 171n.2, 201, 206n.6, 227–51,262

see also medical discoursehegemony, 12, 32, 36, 64, 146, 257,

270heteroglossia, 11homelessness, 94, 98, 159, 165, 170,

227, 230, 248–50housing discourse, vi, 85, 90,

93–110see also Argentina; Buenos Aires;

homelessness; poverty; SocialDevelopment Secretariat

humour, xii, 34n.12, 121, 200–5, 215,221–4

Hussein, Saddam, 86, 135see also Iraq War

hyperbole, 122, 140

Ibero-Romance languages, xidentification, 220identity construction, 5, 11, 14, 16,

24, 111–29immigration, 57, 60–4, 72, 74, 76, 79,

82n.12, 87–8, 111impersonalisation, 117, 168implicature, vi, 114–45, 264ImpreMedia, 68–9, 81n.1, 276

288 Subject Index

indexicality, 54India, 209institutional discourse

definition, 2–3English-speaking contexts, 1–3:

Institutional Talk Programme(ITP), 2–4

in a psychiatric setting, 227–51the study of ID in Spanish, 1–6see also political institutions;

workplace discourseInstituto Cervantes, 40, 81intercultural communication, x–xi,

208–26interdiscursivity, 97, 106Internet, the, 12, 15

blogs, 5, 12, 67, 70–1, 81digitisation of broadcast media, 44,

67, 70–81, 85e-commerce, 209and elections, 70–2as an institutional setting, 1, 5, 7social networking, 70–1, 75, 80:

Facebook, 70–1, 81; Flickr, 71;Meetup, 71; MiGente(MyPeople), 71; MySpace, 70–1;Twitter, 7, 70, 81; YouTube, 5, 7,12, 15, 67, 70, 74–7, 80–2, 267,276

interpersonal relations, 165–251intersubjectivity, vi, 168–9, 172–91,

271intertextuality, 97, 138intonation, 176, 218–25, 254

see also prosodyIran, 146Iraq War, 79, 86–7, 134–5, 270, 274

see also United States of AmericaIrish, 31, 263irony, 34n.12, 114, 117, 123, 125–6,

128, 221–2, 143see also humour

Italian, 208

Japanese, 211Jewishness, 216

Kennedy, Ted, 67, 80Kerry, John, 142keyword, 149–51

language planning, 37–40, 254see also devolution

language policy, xi, 7, 14Latin America, 7, 52

education, 87–8Latin American Spanish, 17, 19–20,

61, 264‘Latino’ and ‘Hispanic’ identity,

14–15, 52Latino Policy Coalition (LPC), 78Latino press, 78–9social class, 74, 87, 214, 219see under individual countries

lemmatisation, 148–61lenguas propias, 1lexico-grammar

see under grammarlexicographical sources, 25, 34n.12lexis, 16, 19, 29, 37, 124, 128, 140,

147, 245linguistic

authenticity, 51, 262, 275centralisation, 48ideologisation, 11–12, 39, 17, 20ideology (in Spain), v, 14, 35–49levelling, 40, 45–7normalisation, 38, 48n.1, 49n.2,

270–1see also Galician

Madridgovernment, 40–1, 49n.3, 90,

112institutions, 81linguistic research, 182–5press, 48Telemadrid, 23, 32, 41, 252terrorism, 136

McCain, John, 67, 71–7, 81n.5media discourse analysis, ximedical discourse, 8n.1, 90, 106–8,

151, 170, 250, 272see also health care

metalanguage, 11–12, 15n.1, 29, 80,233, 241

metapragmatic acts, 221–4, 252,255

metaphor, 87, 89, 117–19, 123, 128,136–40, 233–48, 252

metonymy, 181

Subject Index 289

Mexico, 54, 57, 60, 89, 156, 253, 255,257–9, 272

Mexican people, 58Mexican Spanish, 59Mexicanisms, 26Tijuana, 54, 57–9, 64

migration, x–xi, 19, 41, 51–4, 57,60–5, 72

see also immigrationMinistry for Popular Power in

Communication and Information(MINCI), 149

see also Venezuelamitigating strategies, 104, 168, 240Moltalbán, Eduardo, 29monolingualism, 50, 52Montevideo, 7, 169, 209–26, 259, 266,

268see also Uruguay

Movimiento Quinta República (MVR),147

multilingualism, x, 14, 43, 48, 53, 59,254, 256–7, 275

see also monolingualismmulti-modal discourse, 17, 168, 174,

177, 273music

jingles, 15, 67journalism, 55–6popular, 22, 51, 67, 75–9, 81n.2,

150

NALEO, 68–9, 81nn.1, 3, 276narrative, 21, 33n.5, 232, 235, 242,

273–4metanarrative, 33n.5

nationalism, 37–40, 48, 88, 133–6,144, 254, 260, 271

nationality, 16, 22see also regionalism

naturalisation practices, 13, 105negative other-presentation, 87,

114–24, 134–40see also positive self-presentation;

persuasionneo-liberalism, 90, 94, 97, 108–9,

156neologism, 91, 160, 236New Labour Party, 142, 150, 258nominalisation, 96, 103, 105

Obama, Barack, 67, 71–82, 259Amigos de Obama group, 75, 77,

82n.14Omar, Don, 77orality, xiOrozco, Miguel, 76–7the ‘other’/‘otherness’ 139–40, 143,

229–30, 233, 236, 240

Partido Popular, 91, 113, 130–1,135–44

see also Mariano RajoyPartido Socialista Obrero Español

(PSOE), 131–2, 136passivity, 96, 109n.2, 118–19, 128,

251n.7pathology, 230Peninsular Spanish, 166–7, 169, 173,

211, 258, 266Perdomo, Rafael, 29persuasion/persuasive discourse, 7,

85–90, 146, 150, 179phatic communion, 193–8, 206n.12,

263, 265phonetics, 13–14, 19, 23–5, 29, 31, 36,

39–40, 41–2, 44–8, 49n.8, 60–1,256

aspiration, 13–14, 19, 24, 29, 31–2,61

gheada, use of, 14, 45–9neutralisation, 45–7Seseo (loss of contrast), 19, 24, 29software, 44substitution, 19velar nasal, use of, 46–7Yeismo, 19see also Galician phonology

Piccolotto, Sylvie, 55politeness/impoliteness phenomena,

x–xii, 166–9, 171n.2, 181, 193,205, 206n.1, 209–13, 220–6,252–4, 256, 259–66, 268–70,272–4

see also face-work strategiespolitical

devolution, 35–40, 131implicature, vi, 130–45institutions: discourse, performance

and persuasion in, v–vi, 7,85–162

state discourse, 85, 94–110

290 Subject Index

Portuguese, x, 7, 12, 15, 20, 38–9,49n.5, 50–2, 55–6, 58–66

Brazilian Portuguese, 61, 275Galician-Portuguese, 20, 36

see also Galicia(n)positioning, 91, 112–14, 119, 122–9,

256, 274positive self-presentation, 87, 89–90,

134–8see also negative other-presentation;

persuasionpostmodernity, 94, 97, 108, 109n.1poverty, vi, xi, 93–110, 146, 165, 170pragmatics, x–xii, 61, 111, 194, 224,

252–6, 259–61, 263, 265–6,268–70, 272–4

prestige norm, 12, 14, 18, 29, 36, 38,41, 43, 46–7, 257

press/print media, 12, 54, 73, 85in Galicia: El Correo Gallego, 48; La

Voz de Galicia, 49in Latin America, 78–9in Madrid, 48in the United States of America: The

New York Times, 77, 81n.4,82n.17; The Washington Post,79, 82n.18

see also under individual newspaperspresupposition, 115, 120–9, 178–9,

191, 222principles and parameters, 229prison, 87, 147, 231, 245, 259pronunciation, v, 13–14, 17, 19, 24–6,

29, 31–2, 34, 36–7, 39–47, 61,256–7

propaganda, 71–2, 150, 161n.6prosody, 40–1, 176–80, 197–8, 272psycholinguistics, 16psychotic discourse, vi, 1, 165, 170,

227–51Puerto Rico, 69, 74

see also United States of AmericaPujol, Jordi, 88Puntabrava (Puntabrava’s Oath), 17,

21, 24–6, 29–34

racism, xi, 78–9, 87–8, 274see also discrimination; immigration

radio broadcasting, v, 7, 12–15, 18,35–49, 54, 73, 85

in Andalusia, 41

Galician Broadcasting Corporation(Compañía de Radio TelevisiónGalega (CRTVG)), 43–6

Radio Galega, 35, 41, 44–6Radio Nacional de España, 41Radio Popular de Lugo, 41Radio Popular de Vigo, 41Sociedad Española de Radiodifusion

(SER), 41Rajoy, Mariano, vi, 91, 130–45

see also Partido Popularrapport-building talk, 192–207rationality, 229RBTI Network Inc., ixReal Academia

Española (RAE), 40, 81Galega, 43, 272

reductionism, 212regional identity, 13–14, 17, 22, 57,

254regional languages, 1, 5

see also lenguas propiasregionalism, x, 13–14, 37, 88

see also galeguismo; nationalismregister, 29, 32, 222rhetoric, 85–6, 89, 91, 108, 111, 114,

143, 146–62, 274rhetorical strategies, 91, 114, 124,

129–30Richardson, Bill, 71–3, 80River Plate Spanish, 215, 226

see also Bonaerense SpanishRodríguez, Simón, 162n.10Rodríguez Zapatero, President, 119,

127, 131, 139–41Romney, Mitt, 71–2Rosario, 171, 215

see also ArgentinaRussia, 147, 157

Santiago, 7, 170, 230, 257–8see also Chile

Saturday Guardian, 207n.18Scandinavia, x, 2

see also Swedenschizophrenia, 228, 235, 251n.7,

255–6, 262second language acquisition, x,

36, 40–2, 259, 263, 265, 275self-referentiality, 233, 238–9

Subject Index 291

semantics, x, 91, 106, 134, 157, 160,178, 231–2, 236, 240, 242, 252,260

September 11th, 2001, 111, 135, 267see also terrorism

Seville, 192–207sign language, 230small talk, viii, xi, 166, 192–4, 204,

255–6, 261, 263, 265, 272, 274social

care, 165, 250, 170–1constructionism, 229Development Secretariat

of Buenos Aires City, vi, 90,93–110

networking, 70–1, 75, 80networks, 7, 49n.10, 249power, 39, 109, 215, 223psychology, 181, 261, 268, 274–5stigmatisation, 24, 40, 59

see also Buenos Aires; housingdiscourse; Internet

socialism, vi–viii, 91, 146–62sociolinguistics, x–xii, 3, 13,

16–18, 20, 24, 38, 42–3, 172,252–4, 256–7, 260–4, 266–7,269, 271–3

sociolinguistic variablesage, 24, 117, 194, 219, 231employment/occupation, 16, 90,

42, 94–5, 108–9, 147ethnicity, 16, 37–9, 51, 254, 264gender, 16, 24, 194, 203, 219, 259,

272–3geographical location, 16, 19, 36,

51, 56, 73race, 78–9social class, 16, 24, 39, 143: in the

Canary Islands, 32; in Galicia,36, 47; in Latin America, 74, 87,214, 219

sociocultural, x, 2, 4–5, 17, 24, 38,165, 167, 170, 192, 204–5, 211,224, 254, 260–1, 271

socio-political, 36, 90–2, 94see also education

sociopragmatics, 2, 165–6, 169, 213,273

see also politenessSolbes Mira, President, 113–18, 128

span, 149Spanglish, 59, 64Spanish-speaking world

globalisation, xiidentities, v, 11–82languages, v, x–xi, 11–82see also Canarian; Castilian; Catalan;

Galician; Latin Americaspeech

vi, 7, 130–45and biology, 229–32, 236–7, 239,

244, 250, 253, 258–9, 275Canarian, 18, 26, 32, 34n.12feedback processes in, 174formulaic, 263parliamentary: of José María Aznar,

135, 270; of Hugo Chávez,146–62; of Jordi Pujol, 88;of Mariano Rajoy, vi, 91, 130–45

speech act theory, xi, 213, 226n.3,260

standardisation, 14, 23, 29, 32, 39,49n.4, 51, 257

statistics, 151–61style, 76–7, 114, 152, 179, 222, 253,

256style guide, 41, 47, 49n.7stylistics, 41, 95, 155, 215–17, 263Suhr, Walter, 76Sweden, 2, 172, 182, 258, 262synchronic–diachronic analysis, 149,

170, 231–50syntax, xi, 16, 40, 43, 226, 260synthetic personalisation, 220, 223

taboo language, 28, 89, 111, 198, 200,206n.10, 207n.16, 215, 254,262–3

Tabuenca, Santiago, 31task concerns, 7, 165–9

see also face-work strategiestelevision discourse, ii, 7, 12–13, 85

in Brazil: América Legal, 55, 61–5;Brazilian diaspora television, v,7, 14–15, 50–66, 253; Globo,51, 54–5, 65n.4, 270; Martins,Cintia, 61–3; Planeta Brasil,54–65, 253; Rede Brasileira deTelevisão Internacional (RBTI),ix, 54, 65n.4

Israeli television, 2

292 Subject Index

television discourse – continuedsatellite television, 32, 51, 54in Spain: Basque Television (ETB),

22; Canal 9, 23; Canal Sur(Andalusia), 21, 23; Canariantelevision, v, 16–34: TVC(Televisión Canaria), 13, 17–18,22–4, 31, 33n; GalicianBroadcasting Corporation(Compañía de Radio TelevisiónGalega (CRTVG)), 43–6; andpolitical leaders, 88–9;Telemadrid, 23, 41; TV3(Catalonia), 21–2; TVG(Galicia), 21, 43–4, 46

Telemundo, 73, 78telenovela, v, 7, 13–14, 16–34, 47,

264, 268, 274: soap operas, 1,12, 21–2, 33n.5, 260, 264, 268,274

TeleSur, 150, 156in the United States of America:

Cheers, 207.15n; CNN, 51, 70,261; MSNBC, 70

Univisión, 69, 73, 78, 81n.3see also Puntabrava

terrorism, 135–6, 147see also September 11th, 2001

text messaging/texting, 72, 81tonalisation, 97top-down talk, 4–5Transana system, 173‘transition’ to democracy in Spain, 37,

131, 260transnational

identity, 11–12, 14media space, 51

Turkish, 252

United States of America, 7, 50, 58, 62,264, 277

California, 77, 81n.5Chicago, 73, 82n.13Colorado, 68Florida, 60, 68, 8n.5Indiana, 68Los Angeles, 64, 73, 82n.17Miami, 60–1, 73

Nevada, 68, 81n.5New Jersey, 81n.5New Mexico, 68, 72New York, 73, 200, 255

The Bronx, 62North American Revolution of

1776, 133presidential elections, v, 14–15,

67–82: Democrat/Republicanparty politics, 67–82

press: The New York Times, 77, 81n.4,82n.17; The Washington Post,79, 82n.18

Virginia, 68Uruguay, xi, 7, 169, 171, 208, 255,

266, 268

Venezuela, 7, 25–9, 85, 89–90, 111,146–60, 254, 260

see also Chávez, Hugovernacular, 29, 42–3visual communication, 17, 25, 30–1,

261Voltio, Julio, 77

wardiscourse of, 111, 267in Iraq, 79, 86, 270, 274Spanish Civil, 143

WordSmith Tools, 149, 161n.8, 272workplace discourse, 165–251

business negotiations, vi, 2, 7, 165,172–91

call centres/telemarketing, vi,4–5, 7, 50, 165, 169, 208–26

interviews, 6schoolteaching, 3, 6, 8n.1service encounters/bars, vi–viii, xi,

1, 5, 7, 165, 169, 192–226see also small talk

student workgroups, vi, 7, 172–91tourism, 25, 50, 223

World Health Organisation, 228World Social Forum, 147, 157

Xeración Nós (Our Generation), 37

Yankee, Daddy, 75, 77