268

Bibliography

A) Primary Sources:

Ghosh, Amitav. 'The Circle of Reason'. New Delhi : Rollis Books

International, 1986.

Ghosh, Amitav. 'The Shadow Lines'. New Delhi : Oxford University

Press, 1998.

Rushdie, Salman. 'The Midnight's Children' London : Picador 1982.

Rushdie, Salman. 'Shame' London : Vintage, 1995.

B) Secondary Sources:

Books

Abrams, M.H. 'A Glossary of Literary Terms': 6th

Ed. 1993.

Agarwalla Shyam S. 'Magic Realism in Amitav Ghosh's 'The Circle of

Reason' studies in Indian English Fiction ed. Amarnath Prasad

New Delhi Sarup and Sons, 2001.

Bagchi, Nivedita. 'The Process of Validaton in Relation to Materiality

and Historical Reconstruction in Amitav Ghosh's The Shadow

Lines' Modern Fiction Studies, (Winter) 1993.

Banerjee, Ashutosh. ' Narrative technique in Midnight's Children' The

commonwealth Review 1.2 (1990).

Bhatnagar, M.K. 'Political Consciousness In Indian English Writing'

Bahri Publication, New Delhi, 1991.

Bhattacharya, P.C.‘Indo-Anglian Literature and The Works of Raja Rao'

Delhi : Atma Ram & Sons, 1983.

Bowers, Maggic Ann. 'Magic(al) Realism The New Critical Idiom,

Published by Routledge, London and New York, 2004.

269

Bowers, Maggic Ann. 'Magic(al) Realism The New Critical Idiom,

Published by Routledge, London and New York, 2007.

Brenda, Cooper. 'Magical Realism in West African Literature, London :

Routledge Publishing, 1998.

Brennan, Timothy. 'Salman Rushdie and the Third World', Myths of the

Nation, Houndmills, Macmillan 1989.

Bruce Holland Rogers, 'What is Magical Realism, Really?' Published in

The Writers Guide edited by Moira Allen. Print Kindle 2002.

Burgess, Anthony. 'The Novel Now' New York : Norten, 1967.

Chamber, Claire. 'Historicizing Scientific Reason' in Ghosh Amitav's 'The

Circle of Reason' Ed. Khair Tabish Amitav Ghosh : A Critical

Campanion, New Delhi Permanent Black 2003.

Chandra, Suresh. 'Metaphor of Shame: Rushdie's Fact Fiction', the

Commonwelath Review, 1990.

Danow, David K. 'The Spirit Carnival: Magical Realism and the

Grotesque. Kentucky: The University Press of Kentucky 1995.

Dhavan, R.K., 'The Novels of Amitav Ghosh' Published by Prestige

Books, New Delhi, 1999.

Dixon, Robert. 'Travelling in the West : The Writing of Amitav Ghosh"

Amitav Ghosh- A Critical Companion ed. Tabish Khair New Delhi

Permanent Balck 2003

Dutta, Ketaki. 'Multiculturalism, Magic Realism, Quest and Discovery:

Raison d'etre in the Major Novels of Amitav Ghosh' Contemporary

Indian Writing in English: Critical Perceptions ed. N.D.R. Chandra

(New Delhi: Sarup and Sons, 2005.

Dutta, Pradip. 'A Voice Among Bullet Holes' The Circle of Reason' in

'The Novels of Amitav Ghosh' ed. R.K. Dhawan. New Delhi :

Prestige Books 1999

270

Ferhantez, Dilip. “Such Angst, Such Lonliness, Such Rootlessness”,

Gentleman (February 1984), 100 Quoted in R.S. Pathak, “History

and the Individual in the novels of Rushdie”. The Commonwealth

Review 1.2 (1990).

Foucault, Michel. 'What is an Author Language Counter Memory

Practice' Trans Donald F.Bouchad: New York. Cornell, 1977

Gabriel, Garcia Marquez, 'One Hundred Years of Solitude' trans. Gregory

Rabassa, New York: 1967.

Ghosh, Amitav. 'The Imam and The Indian' Prose Piece, Delhi: Ravi

Dayal. Permanent Black, 2002.

Horsley, Lee. 'Political Fiction and Historical Imagination, London: The

Malmillan Press Ltd. (1990).

Hutcheon, Linda. 'The Politics of Postmodernism' T.R. Publications

Pvt.Ltd. 2002.

Hutchon, Linda. 'The Circle of Reason a Historiographical Metafication'

Parody and the Intertexuality of History, Hopkins, 1989.

Irish, James, 'Magical Realism: A search for caribbean and Latin

American Roots' literary- Half Yearly University of Mysore, 1970.

Iyengar, K.R.S. Indian Writing in English, 1993 : 485

Iyenger, K.R.S. Indian Writing in English, Bombay : Asia Publishing

House, 1973 : 08

Kapadia, Novy. 'Constructing Strands of Political Naunces' in 'The

Shadow Lines'. Dhawan, R.K. (Ed.) 1995.

Kaul, A.N. 'A Reading of the Shadow Lines' in The Shadow Lines, New

Delhi : Oxford University Press 1995.

Kaul, Suvir. 'Separation Anxiety’: Growing up International in The

Shadow Lines, in Ghosh 1994.

271

Kaushik, Asha. 'Politics Aesthetic and Culture' A Study of Indo-Anglian

Political Novel, New Delhi : Monohar Publication (1988).

Khair, Tabish. 'Amitav Ghosh : A Critical Companion : Delhi 2008

Kumar, Gajendra. 'Indian English Novel Text and Context' Published by

Sarup and Sons New Delhi, 2002.

Kundu, Rama. 'The Shadow Lines : A new(er) Historicism' TALR, 2000.

Lawrence, Ziring. 'Pakistan in the Twentieth Century' Oxford University

Press, 1999.

Leal, Luis. 'Magical Realism in Spanish American Literature" from M.R.

Theory, History, community 1967.

Lukas, George. 'History and Classic Conciousness' (1922).

Mathur, O.P. 'The Indian Ambiance of Amitav Ghosh's The Shadow

Lines 2000.

McDowell, Robert E. 'World Literature Today' Spring Publication, 1984.

Mishra, Pankaj. 'New York Times'. 1998

Mitra, Renna. 'Salman Rushdie's Midnight's Children, Ed.Renna Mitra.

New Delhi : Atlantic Publishers and Distribution Pvt.Ltd. 2006.

Mukharjee, Meenakshi. 'Maps and Mirrors Co-ordinates of Meaning' in

'The Shadow Lines' in Ghosh Amitav's The Shadow Lines, New

Delhi (Ravi Dayal Publication 1970).

Mukharjee, Meenakshi. 'Realism and Reality' The novel and society in

India Oxford University Press, New Delhi 1985.

Naik, M. K. 'Dimensions of Indian English Literature', New Delhi

Sterlling Publishers Pvt.Ltd. 1984.

Naik, M.K. 'Studies in Indian English Literature, Sterling Publishers

Pvt.Ltd. Banglore 1987.

Narendrakumar V.L.N., ‘New Perspectives on Indian Writing : Jaipur,

Prestige Books, 1995; 15.

272

Niazi, M. K. 'Z.A. Bhutto's Renedevous with History; in Zahid Malik

(ed.) Pakistan After 1971 (Rawalpindi : Pakistan National Centre,

1974).

Nityanandam, Indira. 'The Outsider : A Study of the Characters in The

Shadow Lines' in Interpretations : Amitav Ghosh's 'The Shadow

Lines' (Ed.) Indira Bhatta and Indira Naityanandan, New Delhi

2000.

Pathak, R.S. 'Creative New Literature Series-28 'Modern Indian Novel In

English Creative Books, New Delhi 1999.

Pathak, R.S. 'History and the Individual in the Novels of Rushdie' Three

Contemporary novelist, Ed. R. K. Dhawan (New Delhi : Classical

Publishing Company, 1985).

Pathak, R.S. 'Modern Indian Novel In English Published by Creative

Books, New Delhi, 1999.

Pathak, R.S., “History and the Individual in the Novels of Rushdie,” The

Common Wealth Review : Vintage, 1995 : 82

Prasad, G.J.V. 'Rewriting the World' : The Circle of Reason as the

Beginning of the Quest". Amitav Ghosh- Critical Perspective, Ed.

Brinda Bose (New Delhi: Pencraft International 2003.

Ranade, M.G. “Rise of Maratha Power” published by Punaltikar, Bombay

: 1900.

Rao, Damodar K. 'Magic and Irony as Principles of Structure : A Reading

of 'The Circle of Reason', in R. K. Dhawan's The Novels of Amitav

Ghosh, New Delhi : Prestige Books 1999.

Rao, Mallikarjuna And M. Rajeshwar. 'Indian Fiction in English (Etd.)

Atlantic Publication: New Delhi 1999.

273

Raychandhari, Tapan. 'The Persuit of Reason in 19th Century, Bengal in

Mind, Body and Society: Life and Mentality in Colonial Bengal

(Ed.) Rajat Kant Ray, New Delhi : 1995, Oxford University Press.

Reading, Bill. Introducing, Lyotard : Art and Politcs (London : Routlege,

1992).

Rushdie, Salman. 'Imaginary Homelands, New Delhi, Pengwin, 1991.

Salunke, V. B. 'The novels of Salman Rushdie 1992.

Shukla, B.A. 'Indian English Literature' : After Independence Mark

Publication Jaipur, 2010.

Shukla, Rajesh. 'Multiculturalism in Indian fiction in English' Published

by Shiv Kumar Sharma, Ritu Publication, Jaipur 2014.

Singh, Sushila. 'Salman Rushdie's Novel : From Fantasy to Reality : The

commonwealth Review 1.2 (1990).

Socrates views about memory in an extract from Plato's Theory of

knowledge in F.M. cornford Trans 1935.

Trivedi, Darshan. 'Here God Plenty' in the fiction of Amitav Ghosh Ed.

Indira Bhatta and Indira Nityanandan, New Delhi : Creative Books,

2001.

Vallery, Radot's, 'The Life of Pasteur’: 1960.

Walsh, William. Indian Literature in English, New York : Longman,

1960:63)

Walter, Allen. 'Reading a Novel'. (Harmondsworth: Pengwin, 1971).

William, H.M. ‘Galaxy of Indian Writingv in English’, Delhi : Akshat

Publication, 1987:70)

274

C) Articles and Journals:-

Agrawal, B.R. and Sinha M.P., 'Indian English Fiction' Major Trends in

the Post Independence. Atlantic Publications Pvt. Ltd. New Delhi

2003.

Agrawal, Rajmohan and Dutta Divyarani Post-Modern Literature,

Themes and Techniques. Samata Prakashan Kanpur 2013.

Bhatt, N.S. 'New Horizons In Indian English Ficton Published by

Swastik Publication Delhi, 2010.

Bose, Brinda (Ed.) 'Introduction', 'Amitav Ghosh : Critical Perspective',

New Delhi, Pencraft International, 2003.

Brennan, Timothy, Shame's Holy Book' The Journals of Indian Writing

in English Vol 16 No.2 July 1988

Burgess, Anthony. 'Review of The Circle of Reason, New York Times

Book Review, 6 July, 1986.

Burki S. J. 'Pakistan Under Bhutto 1971-1977 Published by Macmillan

Press Ltd. London and Basingstoke, Associated Companies in

Delhi 1980.

Burki, S.J. 'A Study at the Tensil Level; the Journal of Asian Studies,

XXXIV, August 1975)

Chandra N.D.R. (Editor) 'Contemporary Indian Writing in English:

Sarap and Sons Publication, New Delhi 2005.

Chowdhary, Arvind. 'Amitav Ghosh's The Shadow Lines, Critical

Essays, Published by Atlantic Publishers Pvt.Ltd. New Delhi 2008.

Dey, Pradip Kumar, Salman Rushdie's Midnight's Children, The Atlantic

Critical Studies, Atlantic Publishers Pvt. Ltd. New Delhi 2008.

Hawley, John C. 'Contemporary Indian Writers In English' Amitav

Ghosh Published by Foundation Books, New Delhi 2005.

Indian Review of Books 10.1 Oct 6, 2000 51-153

275

International Multidisciplinary Research Journal 'Golden Research

Thoughts' edited by Dr.Tukaram Shinde Vol.4 Issue 3 Sep. 2014

ISSN No. 2231-5063.

Kakutani, Michiko. 'Critic's Note book : Telling Truth through Fantasy :

Rushdie's Magic Realism, Published in New York Times

Company, 1999.

Kamalakkannan, M. 'Confluence of Magic Realism and Fantasy : A

Study of Kafka's The Metamorphosis' Published in 'The Indian

Review of World Literature in English, Vol.2, No.11 Jul, 2006.

Kamaludin, Sabiha. 'Midnight's Children' History as a Trancated

Narrative" Osmania Journal of English Studies, 1989.

Kapadia, Novy. 'Imagination and Politics in Amtiav Ghosh's The

Shadow Lines', New Delhi : The Oxford University Press, 1995.

Kaul, N.K., Kaul Suvir, Mukherjee Meenakshi. 'The Shadow Lines.

Oxford University Press 1997.

Khair, Tabish. 'Amitav Ghosh : A Critical Companion : Delhi 2008

Kulkarni, Y. Jawane, Aniket, Pathak. 'How to Read a Novel' YCM Open

University, Nashik, published by Orient Press Ltd. Thane 2001.

Language in India, ISSN 1930-2940 Vol. 13 : 7, July 2013.

Lyotard, Jean Francois, 'The Postmodern Condition : A Report of

knowledge trans. (theory and history of literature 10, mancnester

University Press : 1979.

Malgaonkar, Manohar. 'Purdah and Castemarks!' The Times Literary

supplement, 4 June 1964

Mittapalli, Rajeshwar and Kuortti Joel. 'Salman Rushdie, New Critical

insights : Atlantic Publishers, New Delhi, 2003.

Mittapalli, Rajeshwar and Piciucco P.P. (Ed.) "Studies in Indian Writing

in English' Atlantic Publishers, New Delhi, 2000

276

Mukherjee, Meenakshi. 'Realism and Reality' The Novel and Society in

India. Oxford Univeristy Press, New Delhi, 1985.

Mundamattom, Thomas. 'Politics in Rushdie's Shame’: An article

published in Indian writing In English : Past and Present etd. By

Amarnath Prasad, Sarup and Sons, New Delhi : 2004.

Patil, Mallikarjun. 'Studies In Indian English Literature, Published by

Sarup Book Publishers Pvt.Ltd. New Delhi 2010.

Paul, Jogender. 'Salman Rushdie : A Post Colonial Perspective' :

Cybertech Publication, New Delhi, 2013.

Prasad, A.N. 'Indian Writing in English : Past and Present' Published by,

Sarup and Sons, New Delhi 2004.

Prasad, Murari. 'Amitav Ghosh's Shadow Lines : Re-reading Its Craft

and Concerns', Asiatic 2, 1 (June), 2008.

Purushotam K. 'Rushdie's Images of Bhartiya Nari' Article published in

Indian Writing in English, Atlantic Publishers Pvt.Ltd. New Delhi,

1998.

Purushotam, K. 'Rushdie's Images of Bhartiya Nari' in Midnight's

Children An Article published in Indian Writing in English, Edt.

By Mallikarjun Rao and M.Rajeshwar, Atlantic Publishers Pvt.Ltd.

New Delhi, 1999.

Rao V. Pala Prasad. 'India-Pakistan; Partion Perspectives in Indo-

English Novels' edited by Nirupa Rani and Rao D.B. Discovery

Publishing House, New Delhi 2004.

Rao, A.S. 'Myth and History in Contemporary Indian Novel in English,

Delhi 2000.

Rao, Visweswara. 'Indian Writing Today' Published by Indian

Association for English Studies, New Delhi, 1996.

277

Ray, Mohit and Rama Kundu. 'Salman Rushdie' Critical Essays,

Published by Atlantic Publishers New Delhi-2006.

Research Journal of English Langauge and Literature (A Peer Revived

International Jouranl Vol. 1 Issue 1 ; 2013

Sangari, Kum Kum. 'The Politics of the Possible', Cultural Critique

1987.

Shirwadkar, K. R. 'The Indian Novel In English and Social Change',

Shalaka Prakashan Bombay 1991.

Shukla, B.A. 'Indian English Literature ' After Independence' : Mark

Publication, Jaipur, 2010.

Shukla, Rajesh. 'Multiculturalism in Indian Fiction in English' Published

by Shiv Kumar Sharma, Ritu Publication, Jaipur 2014.

Singh, Kanwar Dinesh (Edt.) 'Currunt Indian Writing, In English Essays

and Interviews Etd. Sarup Publication, New Delhi, 2010.

Singh, Naval Kishore, 'Colonial and Postcolonial Literature Mangalam

Publications, Delhi 2010.

Srikanth, Ramesh Chandra, 'Element of Magic Realism : A Reading of

Garcia Marquezs's One Hundred Years of Solitude and Salman

Rushdie's Midnight's Children Published in IJELLH (International

Journal of English Language Literature and Humanities Vol II

Issue 1, April 2014 ISSN 2321-7065.

Taneja, G. R. and Dhawan, R. K. 'The Novels of Salman Rushdie'

Critical Studies Published by Indian Society for Commonwealth

Studies, New Delhi 1992.

Thakare, Sheetal. 'Salman Rushdie's Shame : Broken Images' Published

in Contemporary Indian Writing in English Atlantic Publishers

Delhi- 1998.

Yadav, Raja. 'Narrative Techniques In Modern Indain English fiction an

article published in 'International Journal of English and Literature

ISSN 2249-6912 Vol.3 Issue 3, Aug. 2013, 17-20

278

D) Dictionaries:-

American Heritage Dictionary- Boston : 1969.

Benet’s Reader’s Encyclopedia, Collius- Au Imprint of Harper Collins

Publishers, 5th Dec; 2008.

Gene Wolfe, Wolfe Interview Inwright Peter, Shadow of the New Sun;

Wolfe on Writing/Writer on Wolfe : 2009.

Handbook to Literature, Harmon Edition, Longman, 12th

Ed. (Jan, 2011).

Illustrated Oxford Dictionary Rivised and Updated, (Dorling Kinderslely)

London, New York, Delhi. 2nd

Edition : 2003.

Merrian- Webster Online Dictioanry- USA : 1943.

Oxford Concise Dictionary of Literary Terms, Oxford University Paper

Book, 1990.

E) Interviews :

Atma, Ram, 'An Interview with Amitav Ghosh; World Literature written

in English, XVI : 1 April, 1977.

Gene, Wolfe. Brenven Wolfe Interview In Wright Peter. 'Shadow of the

Sun : Wolfe on Writing /Writers on Wolfe, 2009.

Ghosh Amitav share information with audience in feb. 2002 at. Gargi

College, Delhi University.

Ghosh Amitav's Interview with India Today, in April 2000.

Ghosh, Amitav in outlook interviews, 17 July, 2000.

Jain, Jasbir. 'Intervived with Amitav Ghosh; Rajestan University studies

in English, 1979.

Rushdie Salman's Interview with John Haffender (1983), in Novelists in

Interview ed. John Haffender (1983).

Wise, Gorden. 'Interview with Salman Rushdie' Gentleman Februay

(1984) : 59. Quoted in R.S. Pathak, 'History and the Individual in

the Novel of Rushdie' The Commonwealth Review 1.2 (1990) :

118.

279

F) Internet Sources:-

http://www.123helpme.com/search.asp?text=Magical+Realism

http://www.aripd.org

http://www.ukessay.com/essay/english-literature/the introduction to

indian writing

http://www.nytimes.com/2000/07/03/books/india-s-post-rushdie-

generation-young-writers-leave-magic-realism-look-reality html?

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/magic realism

http://www.123helpme.com/assets/9064.html

http://www.angelfire.com/waz/margin/nonfictaylor. Exploring

modern Magical Realism html.

http:/www.clifsnotes.com/magicrealism/literature/i-need some help

http://postcolonilastudies.emory.edu/magical-realism/

http:/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/magic realism

http://www.magical realism.info/p/background.html.

http://www.lib.unb.ca/Texts/JSW/home.hrm.

http://www.theage.com.au/articles/2004/10/15/1097784015039.ht

ml.

http://www.book-club.co.nz/books04/9hungrytide.html.

www.new.bbc.co.uk.http:/new.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/674560

9.stm.

www.manbookerinternational.com/media/release?r=12#12.

www.time.com/time2005/100books/the_complete-list.html.

http://www.goodreaders.com