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Bibliographic Bibliographic ResearchResearch
Online SearchingOnline Searching
Part 2
Bibliographic ResearchBibliographic Research
Searching in an online Searching in an online environmentenvironment
Find Reputable Web sitesFind Reputable Web sites
Evaluating ResourcesEvaluating Resources
Basic Steps in Online Basic Steps in Online SearchingSearching
Identify key termsIdentify key terms Select appropriate online databasesSelect appropriate online databases Identify search engine featuresIdentify search engine features
Devise search queryDevise search query Search the databaseSearch the database Evaluate resultsEvaluate results Adjust search query as neededAdjust search query as needed
Bibliographic Research: Part One
Bibliographic Research: Part Two
Devise Search QueryDevise Search Query Know the database content and functionsKnow the database content and functions
Consider relationship of search terms to Consider relationship of search terms to each other conceptuallyeach other conceptually
Consider relationship of search terms to the Consider relationship of search terms to the database contentdatabase content
Understand search engine’s unique priority Understand search engine’s unique priority of operation when applying Boolean logical of operation when applying Boolean logical operators (used in the study of sets or set operators (used in the study of sets or set theory; aka binary logic)theory; aka binary logic)
Used by permission from Katie Custis
Biography IndexBiography Index
Biology
Index
Biology
Index
Theology IndexTheology Index
Devise Search QueryDevise Search Query
Devise Boolean Search Strategies for Devise Boolean Search Strategies for each database keeping in mind the each database keeping in mind the databases unique purpose, scope, databases unique purpose, scope, audience and dates of coverage. audience and dates of coverage.
Apply Limits peculiar to each database Apply Limits peculiar to each database with an understanding of the command with an understanding of the command defaults, priority of operations and defaults, priority of operations and special features.special features.
Default (Default (computingcomputing) = a preselected option ) = a preselected option when no alternative is specifiedwhen no alternative is specified
Devise Search QueryDevise Search Query
Apply Boolean operatorsApply Boolean operators ANDAND
PhrasePhrase ProximityProximity
OROR SynonymsSynonyms Stemming, TruncationStemming, Truncation
NOT (AND NOT)NOT (AND NOT)
BOOLEAN OPERATORSBOOLEAN OPERATORS
ANDAND
- Narrows the search
- Can be thought of as BOTH
- Requires that both terms be in the results
- Used for combining differing concepts
Messiah AND Christ
•the INTERSECTION of two sets
-Sometimes referred to as “All of these”
Messiah
Christ
BOOLEAN OPERATORSBOOLEAN OPERATORS OROR
- Broadens the search
- Used to find one term OR another
- Can be thought of as EITHER
- Used to search synonymous/closely related terms
Messiah OR Christ
•the UNION of two sets
-Sometimes referred to as “Any of these”
Messiah
Christ
BOOLEAN OPERATORSBOOLEAN OPERATORS
NOTNOT
-Narrows a search
-Used to eliminate records
-Exercise extreme caution; needed concepts may be eliminated unintentionally
Messiah
Messiah NOT Christ
Christ
Messiah
Null set
BOOLEAN APPLIED
Boolean AppliedBoolean Applied
Boolean logic (binary logic) is used by Boolean logic (binary logic) is used by computer search engines to extract computer search engines to extract specific data from large databases.specific data from large databases.
Internet Search engines, directories, Internet Search engines, directories, library catalogs and subject databases library catalogs and subject databases use Boolean Logic (binary logic) for use Boolean Logic (binary logic) for culling out a desired set of recordsculling out a desired set of records
Messiah OR Christ AND JesusMessiah OR (Christ AND Jesus)
Messiah Christ
Jesus
Messiah OR Christ AND Jesus
Messiah Christ
Jesus
(Messiah OR Christ) AND Jesus
Messiah Christ
Jesus
(Messiah OR Christ) AND Jesus
(Messiah AND Jesus) OR (Christ AND Jesus)
Messiah OR Christ OR Jesus
Messiah AND Christ AND Jesus
(Messiah OR Christ) AND Jesus
Messiah OR Christ OR Jesus
Messiah Christ
Jesus
Messiah Christ
Jesus
Messiah AND Christ AND Jesus
Messiah Christ
Jesus
(Messiah OR Christ) AND Jesus
Applied Boolean ANDApplied Boolean AND
PhrasesPhrases Narrow form of ANDNarrow form of AND
Double quotes = Typical Double quotes = Typical command used to indicate a command used to indicate a phrase phrase “”“”““Jesus Christ”Jesus Christ”““Holy Spirit”Holy Spirit”
Applied Boolean ANDApplied Boolean AND
PROXIMITY: NEAR or WITHINPROXIMITY: NEAR or WITHIN NEAR / WITHIN is a restrictive ANDNEAR / WITHIN is a restrictive AND
Designates the closeness of terms Designates the closeness of terms within a source documentwithin a source document
Designates the number of words Designates the number of words by which search terms can be by which search terms can be separatedseparated
w/n:w/n: within the same document within the same document where n = the maximum number where n = the maximum number of words that can come between of words that can come between themthem
Jesus w/1 MessiahJesus w/1 Messiah
Applied Boolean ANDApplied Boolean AND PROXIMITY: NEAR or WITHINPROXIMITY: NEAR or WITHIN
w/sw/s:: within the same sentence within the same sentence
w/p:w/p: within the same paragraph within the same paragraph
Pre/nPre/n before the term where before the term where n=designated numbern=designated number
Jesus the MessiahJesus the Messiah
Jesus pre/1 MessiahJesus pre/1 Messiah
Applied Boolean ORApplied Boolean OR
SynonymsSynonyms Default On/OffDefault On/Off -work, job, -work, job,
career, career, -thought, think, -thought, think,
thinkingthinking
Wildcards Wildcards (replace one (replace one or more letters within a or more letters within a word) word) variant spellingvariant spelling::
women/woman; color/colour; women/woman; color/colour; encyclopedia/encyclopaedia;encyclopedia/encyclopaedia;
judgment/judgementjudgment/judgement
Truncation, StemmingTruncation, Stemming PluralsPlurals variant endingsvariant endings::
ed, es, ing;ed, es, ing; banks, banking, bankruptcybanks, banking, bankruptcy
Typical commands used * ? + Typical commands used * ? + # !# !
bill w/3 clinton or george w/3 bush bill w/3 clinton or george w/3 bush
Here’s how one database will resolve this search:Here’s how one database will resolve this search:
clinton or george clinton or george
bill within three or fewer words of clinton or george bill within three or fewer words of clinton or george
bush within three or fewer words of clinton or george that bush within three or fewer words of clinton or george that is also within three or fewer words of bill is also within three or fewer words of bill
However, with the use of parentheses you can force the names to However, with the use of parentheses you can force the names to stay together as one search concept. For this example, you would stay together as one search concept. For this example, you would enter:enter:
( bill w/3 clinton ) or ( george w/3 bush) ( bill w/3 clinton ) or ( george w/3 bush)
Search StrategySearch StrategySee “Search Tips” and “Help” menus in the See “Search Tips” and “Help” menus in the database for instructions database for instructions
Search Strategy ExerciseSearch Strategy Exercise
Using the library’s OPAC Advanced Using the library’s OPAC Advanced Search perform the searches Search perform the searches illustrated on the next two slides.illustrated on the next two slides.
Then using Boolean logic/binary Then using Boolean logic/binary logic explain why the resulting hit logic explain why the resulting hit lists are so different. lists are so different. Reminder:Reminder:
““any of these” = ORany of these” = OR ““all of these “ = ANDall of these “ = AND ““as a phrase” = phraseas a phrase” = phrase
Search Strategy ExerciseSearch Strategy Exercise
ANSWER
Search Strategy ExerciseSearch Strategy Exercise
ANSWERS
Search Strategy ExerciseSearch Strategy Exercise
In the ATLA (FirstSearch) database In the ATLA (FirstSearch) database Advanced Search screen what would the Advanced Search screen what would the search query look like if the searches search query look like if the searches resulted in these statements?resulted in these statements?
(ti: jesus and ti: christ) or ti: messiah(ti: jesus and ti: christ) or ti: messiah
ti: jesus and (ti: christ OR ti: messiah)ti: jesus and (ti: christ OR ti: messiah) ANSWER
ANSWER
Search Strategy ExerciseSearch Strategy Exercise
Many online databases provide help by way Many online databases provide help by way of showing the resulting search statement of showing the resulting search statement in Boolean syntax (with imbedded in Boolean syntax (with imbedded parenthesis )parenthesis )
This allows analysis of the search statement This allows analysis of the search statement as it has been interpreted by the as it has been interpreted by the computer’s search engine.computer’s search engine.
Adjustments may then be made to your Adjustments may then be made to your search statement to get the intended search statement to get the intended results.results.
Some databases will offer suggestions for Some databases will offer suggestions for improving your search results.improving your search results.
Search Strategy ExerciseSearch Strategy Exercise
Using the Academic Search Premier Using the Academic Search Premier database Advanced search perform database Advanced search perform these searches. these searches. messiah Or christ And jesus messiah Or christ And jesus christ Or messiah And jesus christ Or messiah And jesus jesus And ( christ OR messiah ) jesus And ( christ OR messiah )
Then explain which Boolean Then explain which Boolean operation is being given priority.operation is being given priority.
ANSWER
ANSWER
ANSWER
Devise Search QueryDevise Search Query
Limiting OptionsLimiting OptionsLocationLocationLanguage Language DateDateType of DocumentType of DocumentFieldFieldTruncation/StemmingTruncation/Stemming
Devise Search QueryDevise Search Query Select fieldsSelect fields
Default settingsDefault settings Author, Personal NameAuthor, Personal Name Title, Source (Publication) Title, Source (Publication) Keyword, Abstract, Full-text Keyword, Abstract, Full-text Subject, DescriptorSubject, Descriptor
Consider the uniqueness of the terms in relation Consider the uniqueness of the terms in relation to the database contentto the database content ““Jesus” in an Education index cf. “Jesus” in a Religion Jesus” in an Education index cf. “Jesus” in a Religion
IndexIndex Location of the term within the record (e.g. field Location of the term within the record (e.g. field
choice)choice) ““Jesus” in the Title field cf. “Jesus” in the Subject fieldJesus” in the Title field cf. “Jesus” in the Subject field
Evaluate ResultsEvaluate Results Kind of records retrievedKind of records retrieved
How well do they meet the information need?How well do they meet the information need?
Examine search query syntaxExamine search query syntax Priority of operationsPriority of operations Parenthetical operations performed firstParenthetical operations performed first
Hint: (a) AND (b) OR (c) = (a AND b) OR cHint: (a) AND (b) OR (c) = (a AND b) OR c
Number of hitsNumber of hits In relation to the database’s subject contentIn relation to the database’s subject content Considering the information needConsidering the information need Too many? Too few? Too many? Too few?
Meaning of the search terms usedMeaning of the search terms used
Adjust Search Query As Adjust Search Query As NeededNeeded
Broaden/Narrow SearchBroaden/Narrow Search Change Boolean operationsChange Boolean operations Change the position of terms within the Change the position of terms within the
search querysearch query Change field selectionsChange field selections Change limiting optionsChange limiting options
Change terminologyChange terminology Change databasesChange databases
Internet SearchingInternet Searching
To Surf or not to SurfTo Surf or not to Surf
Internet SearchingInternet Searching The Internet versus the LibraryThe Internet versus the Library
ComplementaryComplementary Current Events vs. Historical ResearchCurrent Events vs. Historical Research Popular vs. ScholarlyPopular vs. Scholarly Copious vs. SelectiveCopious vs. Selective
ContentContent Haphazard vs. Standardized & Haphazard vs. Standardized &
OrganizedOrganized Unscrupulous vs. ScrutinizedUnscrupulous vs. Scrutinized Transient vs. PermanentTransient vs. Permanent
Internet SearchingInternet Searching
Surface WebSurface Web Deep Web (Invisible Web)Deep Web (Invisible Web) Search Engines Search Engines Subject DirectoriesSubject Directories The Good, the Bad and the The Good, the Bad and the
UglyUgly
Surface WebSurface Web
Only 30% of the entire Only 30% of the entire InternetInternet
Accessed by Accessed by search enginessearch engines subject directoriessubject directories
ContentContent Popular, Personal, Public DomainPopular, Personal, Public Domain Static fixed Web pagesStatic fixed Web pages
Deep Web Deep Web (Invisible Web)(Invisible Web)
70% of the Internet70% of the Internet Accessed by direct query or Accessed by direct query or
authorizationauthorization Content: Information stored in Content: Information stored in
Databases mounted on the WebDatabases mounted on the Web Scholarly resources; targeted topicsScholarly resources; targeted topics Library OPAC’s, subject specific databasesLibrary OPAC’s, subject specific databases News, Business, Directories; Phone Books, News, Business, Directories; Phone Books,
Multimedia, Graphic Files, Digital ExhibitsMultimedia, Graphic Files, Digital Exhibits
Deep Web Deep Web (Invisible Web)(Invisible Web)
Search engines cannot/will not Search engines cannot/will not index this information.index this information.
Some subject directories will link to Some subject directories will link to these sitesthese sites
For more information see:For more information see: http://library.albany.edu/internet/deepwhttp://library.albany.edu/internet/deepweb.htmleb.html
Internet SearchingInternet Searching Search EnginesSearch Engines
Specific site wanted (e.g. Lord of the Specific site wanted (e.g. Lord of the Rings, Lakers, CNN)Rings, Lakers, CNN)
40% overlap among them40% overlap among them No quality controlNo quality control Uses robots, web crawlers, spiders, Uses robots, web crawlers, spiders,
etc. to match characters in specific etc. to match characters in specific fieldsfields
Hit lists ranked based on paid Hit lists ranked based on paid inclusion programs (except Google inclusion programs (except Google which has a separate sponsor list)which has a separate sponsor list)
Internet SearchingInternet Searching Subject DirectoriesSubject Directories
Topical searches (e.g. movies, Topical searches (e.g. movies, sports, news)sports, news)
No particular site in mindNo particular site in mind Some are created and Some are created and
maintained by librarians, maintained by librarians, scholars and subject specialistsscholars and subject specialists
Identify Reputable Internet Identify Reputable Internet SitesSites
Scout ReportScout Report http://scout.wisc.edu/http://scout.wisc.edu/
INFOMINE – Scholarly Internet INFOMINE – Scholarly Internet Resource Collections: Resource Collections: http://infomine.ucr.edu/http://infomine.ucr.edu/
Encyclopaedia Britannica OnlineEncyclopaedia Britannica Online “ “Britannica Internet Guide“Britannica Internet Guide“
Use Subject Directories created and maintained by scholars, subject specialists
and librarians:
Identify Reputable Internet Identify Reputable Internet SitesSites
The Digital LibrarianThe Digital Librarian http://www.digital-librarian.com/http://www.digital-librarian.com/
The Internet Public LibraryThe Internet Public Library http://www.ipl.org/http://www.ipl.org/
BUBL Link (British)BUBL Link (British) http://bubl.ac.uk/http://bubl.ac.uk/
Identify Reputable Internet Identify Reputable Internet SitesSites
TMC Library OPACTMC Library OPAC
TMC Library Web ResourcesTMC Library Web Resources
WorldCat (FirstSearch)WorldCat (FirstSearch)See next slide for See next slide for instructionsinstructions
Intelligent SearchingIntelligent Searching
•A ~”name” reflects a personal site representing a personal viewpoint
Clues of Caution when searching the public Internet… in the URL:
•A .com or .org typically provides biased information
The Good, the Bad and the The Good, the Bad and the UglyUgly
Intelligent SearchingIntelligent Searching…on the site itself:
•Comic or incendiary language
•Lack of ownership or author
•Lack of currency
•Bias towards audience, or slant of information; positive without the negative; one sided
Intelligent SearchingIntelligent Searching
•Check domain names with a registry agency: register.com
•More about domain names: http://florin.syr.edu/webarch/domains.php3
Search Smart:
•Check underlying pages, top level pages, and links
Look up the domain registry page at the appropriate registry agency:
For .com, .edu, .net, .org : www.networksolutions.com/cgi-bin/whois/whois
For .gov (U.S. government) : www.nic.gov/cgi-bin/whois
For .mil (U.S. military) : www.nic.mil/cgi-bin/whois
Look up the domain registry page at the appropriate registry agency:
For Asian-Pacific : www.apnic.net/apnic-bin/whois.pl
For European : www.ripe.net/cgi-bin/whois
The rest of the world:
www.uninett.no/navn/domreg.html
Intelligent SearchingIntelligent Searching
Visit web sites that post hoaxes
Does it have the HON seal: Health on the Net foundation
Look for Web site awards or other organizational “seals of approval”
Professional associations
Evaluate EverythingEvaluate EverythingPhysical AND ElectronicPhysical AND Electronic
Consider the following:Consider the following: Purpose and ScopePurpose and Scope Source, Authorship, Publishing Source, Authorship, Publishing
BodyBody Content and CurrencyContent and Currency Style and FunctionalityStyle and Functionality BiasBias VerifiabilityVerifiability
Evaluating ResourcesEvaluating Resources
These Research Guides will be These Research Guides will be helpfulhelpful Evaluating ResourcesEvaluating Resources
www.masters.edu/rgevaluatingresourceswww.masters.edu/rgevaluatingresourcesAn easy way to help evaluate the An easy way to help evaluate the usefulness of research resources both usefulness of research resources both paper and electronic paper and electronic
Covers purpose, source, content, style Covers purpose, source, content, style and functionalityand functionality
Web Page EvaluationWeb Page Evaluation www.masters.edu/rgwebpageevaluationwww.masters.edu/rgwebpageevaluation
Evaluating ResourcesEvaluating Resources
Use Subject Directories to find Use Subject Directories to find Web sites that teach how to Web sites that teach how to evaluate resourcesevaluate resources Library Web siteLibrary Web site Web ResourcesWeb Resources Topic – Research/WritingTopic – Research/Writing Type – All TypesType – All Types Sub-topic – Evaluating ResourcesSub-topic – Evaluating Resources
Evaluating Internet Evaluating Internet ResourcesResources
Evaluating Web Pages: Techniques to Evaluating Web Pages: Techniques to Apply & Questions to Ask,Apply & Questions to Ask, UC Berkeley - UC Berkeley - Teaching Library Internet Workshops Teaching Library Internet Workshops http://www.lib.berkeley.edu/TeachingLib/http://www.lib.berkeley.edu/TeachingLib/Guides/Internet/Evaluate.htmlGuides/Internet/Evaluate.html
Evaluating Information Found on the Evaluating Information Found on the Internet,Internet, Johns Hopkins University - Johns Hopkins University - http://www.library.jhu.edu/researchhelp/ghttp://www.library.jhu.edu/researchhelp/general/evaluating/eneral/evaluating/
Evaluating Internet Evaluating Internet ResourcesResources
Evaluating Internet Resources, Evaluating Internet Resources, University at Albany, SUNY,-University at Albany, SUNY,- http://library.albany.edu/internet/evaluathttp://library.albany.edu/internet/evaluate.htmle.html
Evaluating Web Pages, Evaluating Web Pages, Duke UniversityDuke University -- http://www.lib.duke.edu/libguide/evaluathttp://www.lib.duke.edu/libguide/evaluating_web.htming_web.htm
Evaluating Internet Evaluating Internet ResourcesResources
Librarians' Internet Index -Librarians' Internet Index - http://lii.org/http://lii.org/ For annotated descriptions of For annotated descriptions of
many good guides to evaluating many good guides to evaluating Web pages search the subject:Web pages search the subject:
““Evaluation of Internet Evaluation of Internet ResourcesResources””
Now you know how to …Now you know how to …
Search OnlineSearch Online
Find Reputable Web sitesFind Reputable Web sites
Evaluate ResourcesEvaluate Resources
Citing SourcesCiting Sources
Subject search forSubject search for ““report writing”, “authorship” or report writing”, “authorship” or
“technical writing”“technical writing” Title Search – use respective acronymTitle Search – use respective acronym
apa, mla, cbeapa, mla, cbe NOTE: “Turabian” is the author not the NOTE: “Turabian” is the author not the
titletitle Call numbers: 808.02; 808.06Call numbers: 808.02; 808.06
Use OPAC to find Manuals of Use OPAC to find Manuals of StyleStyle
Manuals of StyleManuals of Style
APA - American Psychological AssociationAPA - American Psychological Association
MLA - Modern Language AssociationMLA - Modern Language Association
CBE - Council of Biology EditorsCBE - Council of Biology Editors
Turabian - Turabian - Manual for writers of term Manual for writers of term papers, thesis and dissertationspapers, thesis and dissertations by Kate by Kate L. Turabian (see also Chicago)L. Turabian (see also Chicago)
Chicago Manual of Style (see also Chicago Manual of Style (see also Turabian)Turabian)
Citing SourcesCiting SourcesFor more information go toFor more information go toLibrary Web pageLibrary Web page
Web ResourcesWeb ResourcesResearch/WritingResearch/Writing
Citing SourcesCiting Sources
Bibliographic Management Bibliographic Management SoftwareSoftware
Create personal databasesCreate personal databases References can also be imported from References can also be imported from
online databases, CD-ROM’s or text filesonline databases, CD-ROM’s or text files Automatically formats the paper and the Automatically formats the paper and the
bibliography to any selected publication bibliography to any selected publication stylestyle
Instantly change the format for another Instantly change the format for another publicationpublication
Many online databases provide exporting Many online databases provide exporting options for sending articles identified in options for sending articles identified in the database to these bibliographic the database to these bibliographic management tools.management tools.
Bibliographic Management Bibliographic Management SoftwareSoftware
Desk top products:Desk top products: ProCiteProCite®® (Thomson ResearchSoft)(Thomson ResearchSoft)
EndNoteEndNote®® (Thomson ResearchSoft)(Thomson ResearchSoft)
Reference ManagerReference Manager®® (Thomson (Thomson ResearchSoft)ResearchSoft)
Web based products:Web based products: WriteNoteWriteNote®® (Thomson ResearchSoft) (Thomson ResearchSoft)
RefWorksRefWorks
The end.The end.
Questions?Questions?From the library Web site select
Library Services Ask-A-Librarian or go to
http://www.masters.edu/libraries/AskALibrarian.asp
BIBLIOGRAPHYBIBLIOGRAPHY
Research Strategies Research Strategies Internet Searching Internet Searching
Helps Helps
Search EnginesSearch Engines
Subject DirectoriesSubject Directories
Evaluating ResourcesEvaluating Resources
Research StrategiesResearch Strategies Badke. Badke. Research Strategies: Research Strategies:
finding your way through the finding your way through the information foginformation fog. . Lincoln, NE: Writers Lincoln, NE: Writers Club Press / iUniverse.com, 2000 Club Press / iUniverse.com, 2000 ISBN: 0595100821; Price: $15 est.ISBN: 0595100821; Price: $15 est.
DDC: 001.42/B142r/2000DDC: 001.42/B142r/2000
http://www.acts.twu.ca/LBR/http://www.acts.twu.ca/LBR/research.htmresearch.htm
Internet Search HelpsInternet Search Helps UC Berkeley UC Berkeley
http://www.lib.berkeley.edu/Teachihttp://www.lib.berkeley.edu/TeachingLib/Guides/Internet/FindInfo.htmngLib/Guides/Internet/FindInfo.html l
University of Albany University of Albany http://library.albany.edu/internet/shttp://library.albany.edu/internet/searchnet.htmlearchnet.html
Internet Search HelpsInternet Search Helps
““How to choose a Search Engine or How to choose a Search Engine or a Subject Directorya Subject Directory””
http://library.albany.edu/internet/http://library.albany.edu/internet/choose.htmlchoose.html
Search Engines & Subject Search Engines & Subject DirectoriesDirectories
University of Tennessee Search EnginesUniversity of Tennessee Search Engineshttp://www.lib.utk.edu/refs/search.htmlhttp://www.lib.utk.edu/refs/search.html
Search Engine Watch Search Engine Watch http://www.searchenginewatch.comhttp://www.searchenginewatch.com
SearchIQ SearchIQ http://www.zdnet.com/searchiq/http://www.zdnet.com/searchiq/
Search EnginesSearch EnginesGo to University at Albany Go to University at Albany http://library.albany.edu/internet/engines.http://library.albany.edu/internet/engines.htmlhtml for an abstracted list of: for an abstracted list of:
Search Engines, Meta Search Search Engines, Meta Search Engines, Deep Web Collectors, Engines, Deep Web Collectors, Specialty Search Engines, Domain Specialty Search Engines, Domain names, Multi-media & Images names, Multi-media & Images finders, New Page Trackersfinders, New Page Trackers
Subject DirectoriesSubject Directories
Go to University at Albany Go to University at Albany http://library.albany.edu/internet/subjecthttp://library.albany.edu/internet/subject.html .html
for an abstracted list of :for an abstracted list of :
Academic & Professional Subject Academic & Professional Subject Directories Directories
Commercial Directories & PortalsCommercial Directories & Portals
Evaluate EverythingEvaluate EverythingPhysical AND ElectronicPhysical AND Electronic
http://milton.mse.jhu.edu:8001/http://milton.mse.jhu.edu:8001/research/education/net.htmlresearch/education/net.html
http://www.lib.berkeley.edu/http://www.lib.berkeley.edu/TeachingLib/Guides/TeachingLib/Guides/Evaluation.htmlEvaluation.html
Answers to Search Query Answers to Search Query ExercisesExercises
Search one resulted in ("jesus")[in Title] Search one resulted in ("jesus")[in Title] AND ("christ")[in Title] OR ("messiah")AND ("christ")[in Title] OR ("messiah")[in Title] with 454 records. The search [in Title] with 454 records. The search engine performed the AND operation engine performed the AND operation first then it applied the OR Messiah. first then it applied the OR Messiah. The results contain the records with The results contain the records with both Jesus AND Christ in them as well both Jesus AND Christ in them as well as all the records with the term as all the records with the term Messiah in them. It could be written Messiah in them. It could be written this waythis way
(jesus AND christ) OR messiah(jesus AND christ) OR messiahBACK
Answers to Search Query Answers to Search Query ExercisesExercises
Search two resulted in ("jesus")[in Search two resulted in ("jesus")[in Title] AND (christ OR messiah)[in Title] AND (christ OR messiah)[in Title] resulting in 378 records. The Title] resulting in 378 records. The search engine performed the OR search engine performed the OR operation first then it applied the operation first then it applied the AND operation to it. The results AND operation to it. The results contain those records with both Jesus contain those records with both Jesus AND Christ in them as well as Jesus AND Christ in them as well as Jesus AND Messiah in them. The search AND Messiah in them. The search statement could be written like thisstatement could be written like thisjesus AND (christ OR messiah)jesus AND (christ OR messiah)
BACK
Answers to Search Query Answers to Search Query ExercisesExercises
BACK
Answers to Search Query Answers to Search Query ExercisesExercises
BACK
Answers to Search Query Answers to Search Query ExercisesExercises
BACK
messiah Or christ And jesusmessiah Or christ And jesus resulted in 7214 resulted in 7214 records with the AND operation being performed records with the AND operation being performed first then the OR operation. The hit list contains all first then the OR operation. The hit list contains all the records with both christ AND jesus and well as the records with both christ AND jesus and well as all the records with the term messiah. It can be all the records with the term messiah. It can be written this way written this way messiah OR (christ AND jesus)messiah OR (christ AND jesus)
Answers to Search Query Answers to Search Query ExercisesExercises
BACK
Christ OR messiah AND jesus resulted in Christ OR messiah AND jesus resulted in 12592 records with the AND operation 12592 records with the AND operation being performed first then the OR being performed first then the OR operation. The hit list contains all the operation. The hit list contains all the records with both jesus AND messiah as records with both jesus AND messiah as well as all the records with Christ. It can well as all the records with Christ. It can be written christ OR (messiah AND Jesus)be written christ OR (messiah AND Jesus)
Answers to Search Query Answers to Search Query ExercisesExercises jesus AND (christ OR messiah) resulted jesus AND (christ OR messiah) resulted
in 6323 records. The OR operation in 6323 records. The OR operation was performed first then the AND. The was performed first then the AND. The hit list contains all the records with hit list contains all the records with jesus AND christ as well as all the jesus AND christ as well as all the records with jesus AND messiah.records with jesus AND messiah.
BACK