TALK FLOW What is BiCMOS Why BiCMOS BiCMOS fabrication process CMOS inverter BiCMOS inverter Comparison between CMOS and BiCMOS Pros and Cons Applications Current status and future trends

WHAT IS BiCMOS Bipolar compatible CMOS(BiCMOS)

tehnology: Introduced in early 1980s Combines Bipolar and CMOS logic

BiCMOS

CMOS BIPOLARLow power dissipation High speed High packing density High output drive

BiCMOS

WHY BiCMOS For greater integration of mixed-signal analog systems To cover full delay-power space BiPOLAR

BiCMOS

CMOS

Adapted from Kiat-Seng Yeo et al.,”CMOS/BiCMOS ULSI:Low voltage,Low power”,Pearson Education,Inc., First edition,p.2,2002

Speed

Power

BiCMOS FABRICATION PROCESS

Adapted from A.R.Alvarage et al.,”An overview of BiCMOS Technology and Applications”,IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems,1-3 May,1990

BiCMOS CROSS-SECTION

Adapted from J. M Rabaey, Digital Integrated Circuits: A Design Prespective, NewJersey: Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1996.

BiCMOS CROSS-SECTION

Adapted from J. P. Uremuya, Circuit Design for CMOS VLSI, Massachusetts: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1992.

CMOS INVERTER

IP

VDD

GND

OP

Adapted from www2.eng.cam.ac.uk/~dmh/3b2/invert.htm

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

BASIC BiCMOS INVERTER

Adapted from J. M Rabaey, Digital Integrated Circuits: A Design Prespective,New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1996.

CONVENTIONAL BiCMOS INVERTER

Adapted from J. M Rabaey, Digital Integrated Circuits: A Design Prespective,New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1996.

PULL UP EVENT

C load

Adapted from Sung-Mo Kang,Yusuf Leblebici,”CMOS Digital Integrated Circuits:Analysis and Design”,Tata McGraw-Hill,Third edition,2003,p.547.

PULL DOWN EVENT

C load

Adapted from Sung-Mo Kang,Yusuf Leblebici,”CMOS Digital Integrated Circuits:Analysis and Design”,Tata McGraw-Hill,Third edition,2003,p.550.

BiCMOS VS. CMOS

CMOS

BiCMOS

VTC DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS

Adapted from www2.eng.cam.ac.uk/~dmh/3b2/invert.htm

SPEED COMPARISON

Adapted from Larry Wissel and Elliot L. Gould,”Optimal Usage of CMOS within a BiCMOS Technology”,IEEE J. of solid-state circuits, Vol. 27, No. 3, March1992

DELAY COMPARISON

Adapted from Larry Wissel and Elliot L. Gould,”Optimal Usage of CMOS within a BiCMOS Technology”,IEEE J. of solid-state circuits, Vol. 27, No. 3, March 1992

AREA COMPARISON

A AREA

C COMPLEXITY

Adapted from H.Klose et al.,”Bicmos,a tehnology for High speed/High density ICs”,IEEE international conference on Computer Design:VLSI in computers and proessors,2-4 Oct.,1989

PROS OF BiCMOS

Improved speed over CMOS Improved current drive over CMOS Improved packing density over bipolar Lower power consumption than bipolar High input impedance Low output impedance

CONS OF BiCMOS Increased manufacturing process complexity Speed degradation due to scaling

Adapted from Paul G. Y. Tsui et al.,”Study of BiCMOS Logic Gate Configurations for Improved Low-Voltage Performance”, IEEE J. of solid-state circuits, Vol. 28, No 3. March 1993.

CONS OF BiCMOS(CONTD.) Hot carrier degradation

Adapted from J. David Burnett and Chenming hu,”Hot-Carrier Degradation in Bipolar transistors at 300 and 110 K-Effect on BiCMOS Inverter Performance”,IEEE Trasactions On Electron Devices,Vol 17. No 3. April 1990.

APPLICATIONS

Full custom ICs SRAM,DRAM Microproessor,controller

Semi custom ICs Register,Flipflop

Standard cells Adders,mixers,ADC,DAC

Gate arrays

CURRENT STATUS AND FUTURE TRENDS SiGe BiCMOS HP SiGe BiCMOS WL SiGe HBT

BiCMOS PRODUCTS

SiGe BiCMOS GPS CIRCUIT GSM 900 POWER AMPLIFIER

Adapted from D.Harame et al.,”The Emerging Role of SiGe BiCMOS Technologyin Wired and Wireless Communications”, Fourth IEEE International Caracas Conference on Devices, Circuits and Systems, Aruba, April 17-19, 2002.

BiCMOS PRODUCTS(CONTD.)

W-CDMA DCR

OC-48c SONET/SDH Mapper

Adapted from D.Harame et al.,”The Emerging Role of SiGe BiCMOS Technologyin Wired and Wireless Communications”, Fourth IEEE International Caracas Conference on Devices, Circuits and Systems, Aruba, April 17-19, 2002.

CONCLUSION The extra process complexity requires

chip manufacturers to command a premium for BiCMOS products. In the analog market the ability to integrate large mixed systems provides the compelling cost advantage of BiCMOS; this market is still emerging.

BiCMOS is a complement to pure CMOS and Bipolar technologies in important system application areas.

REFERENCES[1]Kiat-Seng Yeo et al.,”CMOS/BiCMOS ULSI:Low voltage,Low power”,Pearson

Education,Inc., First edition,2002.[2]Sung-Mo Kang,Yusuf Leblebici,”CMOS Digital Integrated Circuits:Analysis and

Design”,Tata McGraw-Hill,Third edition,2003.[3]E.A.Gonzalez,”BiCMOS processes,trends and applications”,DLSU ECE,Technical

report,Nov.29,2004.[4]A.R.Alvarez et al.,”An overview of BiCMOS technology and applications”,IEEE

International Symposium on Circuits and Systems,1-3 May,1990.[5] T. Sakurai, “A review on low-voltage BiCMOS circuits and a BiCMOS vs. CMOS speed

comparison,” Proceedings of the 35th Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems, vol. 1, Aug. 9-12 1992.

[6] J. M Rabaey, Digital Integrated Circuits: A Design Prespective, NewJersey: Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1996.

[7] J. P. Uremuya, Circuit Design for CMOS VLSI, Massachusetts: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1992.

[8] Adapted from H.Klose et al.,”Bicmos,a tehnology for High speed/High density ICs”,IEEE international conference on Computer Design:VLSI in computers and proessors,2-4 Oct.,1989

[9] Larry Wissel and Elliot L. Gould,”Optimal Usage of CMOS within a BiCMOS Technology”,IEEE J. of solid-state circuits, Vol. 27, No. 3, March 1992[10] Paul G. Y. Tsui et al.,”Study of BiCMOS Logic Gate Configurations for Improved Low-

Voltage Performance”, IEEE J. of solid-state circuits, Vol. 28, No 3. March 1993.[11] D.L.Harame,”Current Status and Future Trends of SiGe BiCMOS Technology” IEEE

transactions on electron devices, vol. 48, no. 11, november 2001[12]Adapted from D.Harame et al.,”The Emerging Role of SiGe BiCMOS Technology in Wired and Wireless Communications”, Fourth IEEE International Caracas

Conference on Devices, Circuits and Systems, Aruba, April 17-19, 2002.