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Beyond Einstein’s problems
Newton(1687)
Maxwell(1864)
Einstein(1915)
Einstein’sFirst Problem
Shipov( 1972)
Einstein’sSecond ProblemShipov (1976)
Inertia FieldEquations
Shipov (1979)
Universal Relativityand PV
Shipov (1988)
Schrödinger(1926)
Dirac (1926)
Mandelstam(1958)
Gell-Mann(1964)
Venetziano(1969)
Glashow, others.(1974)
Fermi(1934)
Feynman(1957)
Weinberg -Salam(1967)
Gell-Mann(1953)
StandardModel
Nambu, others(1970)
ElectroweakInteractions
Green& Schwarz(1984-86)
Witten,others(1995)
A Theoryof Everything
Universal Relativity and a Theory of Physical VacuumUniversal Relativity and a Theory of Physical VacuumBeyond Einstein’s problems
Hawking(1990)
Carmeli(1972)
Penrose(1962)
Cartan(1922)
SuperUnification
Equationsof Physical Vacuum
Shipov (1984)
Frenet(1849)
Ricci(1895)
Cartan(1927)
Einstein(1928)
Weinberg-Glashow- Hawking--Witten Program
Clifford- Einstein’ Program
Clifford(1870)
Weitzenbock(1924)
DescartesianParadigm
NewtonianParadigm
I
II
Super StringTheory
String Theory
PointOrientable Point
Riemanncurvature
Ricci curvaturecreated by torsion
)1.(,
sA
,1,0...,,1,0...,
)2.(,
sA
)1.(,2
sDBCADCABDCAB BT
1,0...,,1,0...,
)2.(,
DBBA
BJTTTTTT
TTTTTTC
sDBCADCBAFC
F
DABDF
F
CBA
FA
F
BCDBF
F
ADCDCBABADCDCBA
,,
ss BA
ssss BABA ,,,
dS2>0
dS2>0
dS2
Spinor structure ofSpinor structure of AA ((6)6) spacespace
4 holonomic4 holonomiccoordinates ofcoordinates of basebase :: ct, x,ct, x, y,y, zz
((local spinor grouplocal spinor group ТТ(4) )(4) )
66 anholonomicanholonomic
coordinates ofcoordinates of fiber:fiber: ((local spinor grouplocal spinor group SL(2.C)SL(2.C)))
44
AB
TranslationalTranslationalmetricmetric
RotationalRotationalmetricmetric
.01
10
,1,0...,
,1,0...,
,3,2,1,0...,
,
,2
DC
DCAB
AB
DC
k
BA
iDBAC
ik
kiik
DC
BA
ki
g
dxdxgds
kkDC
BADC
BA
DC
BADCBA
kBADC
iDCBA
ik
kiik
dxTd
ddd
DB
CA
ki
TTG
dxdxGd
,
1,0...,
,1,0...,
,3,2,1,0...,
,
,
2
2
PRIMARY TORSION FIELDPRIMARY TORSION FIELD(SUPERCONSCIOUSNESS)(SUPERCONSCIOUSNESS)
PHYSICAL VACUUMPHYSICAL VACUUM
ELEMENTARY PARTICLESELEMENTARY PARTICLES
LIQUIDLIQUID
GASGAS
SOLIDSOLID
PotentialState of Matter
State of Matter
ABSOLUTEABSOLUTE ““NOTHINGNOTHING”” 00≡≡00II
IIII
IIIIII
IVIV
VV
VIVI
VIIVII
Theories in Physics Strategical Tactical Operational
I. Fundamental(Mechanics, Gravity,Electrodynamics,Theory of Physical Vacuum)
0Newton, Maxwell, Einstein,Newton, Maxwell, Einstein,Shipov.Shipov.
1Euler, Coulomb, Ampere,Euler, Coulomb, Ampere,Faraday, Lorentz,Faraday, Lorentz,Einstein, Shipov.Einstein, Shipov.
2Lagrange , Hamilton,Lagrange , Hamilton,Abraham, Einstein,Abraham, Einstein,Poynting, LenardPoynting, LenardGubarev, SidorovGubarev, Sidorov……
II. Semi fundamental(Quantum Mechanics,Quantum Electrodynamics)
3Schrödinger, Heisenberg,Dirac.
4Plank, Einstein,Einstein, Bohr, deBroglie, Pauli, Born,
5Schwinger, Lamb,Feynman, Glauber…
III. Phenomenological(Strong, Weak, Form Factors,Quarks, Superconductivity)
6.Van der Waals, Fermi,Hofstadter, Gell-Mann,Weinberg, Salam, Glashow,Lee,Yang
7.Yukawa, Hoft, Veltmann,Regge, Veneziano,Mandelshtam, Goldberg…
8.London, Bardeen, Cooper,Schrieffer, Landau, Perl,Wilson,Abricosov, Leggett …
IV. UnifiedPhenomenological(Electroweak, Electro-Strong,SM, Cosmology)
9.Alfen, ChandrasekharWeinberg, Salam,Glashow, Higgs …
10.Nambu, Kobayashi,Maskawa, Wheeler,Hawking, Oaks…
11.Hawking, Wheeler,Ivanenko, Zeldovich,Linde…
V. SemiPhenomenological(Gauge, Supersymmetries,Multidimentional)
12.Yang, Mills, Utiyama,Kibble, Kaluza, Klein,Carmeli…
13.Lord, Rubakov, Vladimirov,Frolov, Krechet…
14.Majority oftheoreticians
VI. Academic(Superstring, Twistors)
15.E. Whitten, M. Green,B. Green, G. Schwartz…Penrose…
16.About 1000 names
17.Several thousands of names
The
imp
ort
an
ce
,de
gre
eof
risk
and
refle
ctio
ns
0
Generalization of theoretical basis of physics
• A Theory of Physical Vacuum is a newA Theory of Physical Vacuum is a newParadigm based on the orientable pointParadigm based on the orientable pointmanifold.manifold.
••Any object created from Vacuum is describedAny object created from Vacuum is describedby the system of nonlinear spinorby the system of nonlinear spinorHeisenbergHeisenberg--EinsteinEinstein--YangYang--MillsMills--like equations.like equations.
••TheThe Physical VacuumPhysical Vacuum equations describeequations describeseven levels of the Reality including Potentialseven levels of the Reality including PotentialState of a MatterState of a Matter..
AA
AB
AC
AB-BA≠0
100
0cossin
0sincos
A
cossin0
sincos0
001
B
100
0cossin
0sincos
C
Euler angles are anchonomic coordinates
D=CBA Total rotation
Unit basis vectors
.20,0,20
0,1)()( )1()3()3()2()2()1(2)3(2)2(2)1( eeeeeeeee
)1(e
)2(e
)3(e
')1(e
')2(e
)1(e
)2(e
')1(e
)3(e
')2(e
')3(e
)1(e '
)1(e
)2(e
')2(e)3(e
')3(e
)3(,' ODeDe ABBAB
A
90
90
o
o
9090
o
o
Turn to 180 clockwiseTurn to 180 clockwise
a) around of axis b) around of axis
c) around of axis d) around of axis
oo
The resultThe resultdependsdepends uponupona pathwaya pathway
)1(e
)2(e
)3(e
)1(e
)3(e
)2(e
)1(e
)3(e
)2(e
)3(e )1(e
)1(e )3(e
)1(e )1(e
)1(e
)2(e )2(e
)2(e
)3(e )3(e
)3(e
,,
,,,
)3()2(
)2()1(
321
ds
dxT
ds
dxT
beneds
dxte
n
t
b
m
x
y
z X(t)
0,1)()(,1, 222 tbbnntbntds
xdt
Inds
td,
IIbtds
nd,
IIInds
bd,
,2222 dzdydxds
,
B
BA
A
eds
dxT
ds
de
Ricci rotationalRicci rotationalcoefficientscoefficients
.3,2,1...,,3,2,1..., BA
Ricci C.Ricci C.
FrenetFrenet’’s equationss equations
dxdxTTd ABBA2
ShipovShipov’’s rotational metric (1997)s rotational metric (1997)
Translational metricTranslational metric
Frenet’s triad
,BaA
BA eeT
.20,0,20
3D orientable point describes by 6 coordinates:3 – translational x,y,z and 3 rotational
Infinitesimal displacement of an orientable pointfrom a point M to a point M’ describes by 6 equations
).(),(),(),(),(),( sssszzsyysxx
Only one solution
,,,,,, 0000000 ssforzzyyxx
Entry conditions
define position of an original point M .0
',',' )3()2()1( ebenet
)3()1()3(
)2()1()2(
)1()1()1(
)()1()(
)1( ' eDeDeDeDet BB
).sin(/
,cos/,sin
sin/
,sinsin/
),cossincoscos(sin/
,)cossinsincos(cos/
)1()3(
)1()2(
)1()1(
ctgdsd
dsddsd
Ddsdz
Ddsdy
Ddsdx
Rene DescartesRene Descartes
Every motionEvery motionis rotation.is rotation.
o
o’l
y’
x’
x
y
R
y
x
C
r’к
),sinsinsin( Rxm
),sinsincos( Rym
,0
,0mx , Rym
,0mdx ,Rddym
,0mm xx
),( 00 Ryy mm
Equations of motion of center of mass
Plane-parallel motion
S’
,0' kmk rvv
S
anholonomic coordinates
Skidless motion became holonomic
Rvm
,22
2
nvtadt
xd
,3 32323
3
bvndt
dvatv
dt
da
dt
xd
dt
dsv - absolute velocity,
dt
dva - tangent acceleration
dt
ds
ds
xd
dt
xdt
dt
dsts
),(),( - Transition to time parameter t
- Newton-like equations
- have no analogues in the Newtonmechanics
In electrodynamics for reaction force of radiation we haveIn electrodynamics for reaction force of radiation we have
,33
2
3
2 33323
2
3
3
3
2
bvn
dt
dvatv
dt
da
c
e
dt
xd
c
eFrad
Electro-torsion radiation created by ownrotation of an electron (by spin). This radiation wasobserved experimentally and torsion generatorswere created in Russia by A.Akimov, I.Shachparonov and others
A.AkimovA.Akimov I.ShachparonovI.Shachparonov
M.CarmeliM.Carmeli
phs spin of photonspin of photon
2/elsspin of electronspin of electron
CarmeliCarmeli’’s idea (1986)s idea (1986)
Two constants are connected withTwo constants are connected withlight:light:
•• cc –– speed of light, generatingspeed of light, generating
Translational RelativityTranslational Relativity;;
•• ħħ –– spin of light, generatingspin of light, generating
Rotational Relativity.Rotational Relativity.
0
vdiv
t
/),(),(),( txiSetxtx
0),(2
2
txV
mti
),,,(2
12
0
2
0
2
00 tzyxVz
S
y
S
x
S
mt
S
...)()( 2
210 SiSiSS
1.
2.
0
Classical mechanics = mechanics ofnonorientable point
Quantum mechanics == orientable point mechanics
Classicallimit
Nonlocality
Schrödinger- de Brogliematter field = field ofinertia (Shipov 1979)
N.RosenN.Rosen
Pupil of RosenPupil of Rosen
Those mathematicalThose mathematicalexpressions which willexpressions which willbe covariant concerningbe covariant concerningrotation can haverotation can havereal sense only (1928)real sense only (1928)
Own rotationOwn rotation of electronof electron(spin) in the classical(spin) in the classicaldescriptiondescription isis ananorientableorientable point (1985)point (1985)
Pupil of EinsteinPupil of Einstein
••The Universal Relativity based on the 10The Universal Relativity based on the 10dimensional orientable point manifold with 4dimensional orientable point manifold with 4translational and 6 rotational coordinates.translational and 6 rotational coordinates.
••The Universal Relativity leads usThe Universal Relativity leads us toto a Mechanicsa Mechanicsof an orientable point (point with spin)of an orientable point (point with spin)..
••Quantum MechanicsQuantum Mechanics describes the dynamics ofdescribes the dynamics ofthe field of inertia and represents a part of athe field of inertia and represents a part of aMechanics of an Orientable PointMechanics of an Orientable Point..
••Mechanics of an Orientable PointMechanics of an Orientable Point predicted thepredicted theelectroelectro--torsion radiation that was observedtorsion radiation that was observedexperimentallyexperimentally..
)6(4
A44 translational coordinatestranslational coordinates ct, x, y, zct, x, y, z ,,form external space (base) on which the local groupform external space (base) on which the local group T(4)T(4) operates.operates.
66 rotationalrotational coordinatescoordinates ,,formform inner space (fiber) on which local groupinner space (fiber) on which local group O(3.1)O(3.1) operates.operates.
kik
bi
aab
kiik dxdxeedxdxgds
2Translational metricTranslational metric
kiak
bbi
aa
bb
a dxdxTTddd 2 Rotational metricRotational metric
bj
ja
kbka eeT
Ricci rotationalRicci rotationalcoefficientscoefficients
,0 amb
b
k
a
mkTee
][[ ]
,022 c mba
kca
mbkabkm TTTR ][][
.,,,a,b,c...,,,i,j,k... 3210,3210
(A)
(B)
Structural Cartan equations of local translational group T(4) == first Structural Cartan equations of A (6) space
Structural Cartan equations of local rotational group O(3.1) == second Structural Cartan equations of A (6) space
Coordinate (external)indexes
Matrix (inner) indexes
4
4
Springer New York , Russian Physic Journal,Springer New York , Russian Physic Journal,Volume 3, pages 238Volume 3, pages 238--241 / March 1985241 / March 1985,, ISSN 1064ISSN 1064--88878887
ee -- e Te T = 0, (= 0, (АА) (2.11 NP)) (2.11 NP)
RR + 2+ 2 TT + 2+ 2TT TT = 0, (B) (2.7 NP)= 0, (B) (2.7 NP)abkm
a a[k |b|m] c [k
c|b|m]
[kam]
b[k
a|b|m]
Equations of Physical Vacuum (Shipov 1984)Equations of Physical Vacuum (Shipov 1984)or Equations of Newmanor Equations of Newman--Penrose formalism (1962)Penrose formalism (1962)or Structural Cartan equations of A (6) geometry (1926)or Structural Cartan equations of A (6) geometry (1926)
i, j, k... =0,1,2,3, a, b, c... =0,1,2,3., j, k... =0,1,2,3, a, b, c... =0,1,2,3.
TTa
bk-- RicciRicci torsion fieldtorsion field (1895)(1895)
( or field of inertia)( or field of inertia)
eea
k- anholonomic tetradanholonomic tetrad –– FrenetFrenet orientable pointorientable point (1847)(1847)
RRabkm - RiemannRiemann curvaturecurvature (1854)(1854)
44
,0j][][ ai
ik
ajk eTe
,jmTR
jmg
jmR
2
1
,22][ ]
ijkm
smj
iks
imj
ijkm JTTTC k [
(A)
(B.1)
(B.2)
s
npTi
iTi
npT
ipn
jmsmi
Tij
Timj
Tijm
T][][2
1
]s[][
2
sgg
.gg jkmimjikijkm TTJ ][])([3
12g
Einstein’s generalized vacuum equations
Geometrized energy- momentum tensor
Generalized Yang-Mills equations
Geometrized tensor current
i,j,k…=0,1,2,3 a,b,c…=0,1,2,3
Torsion field equations
••Torsion field is a Matter field which describesTorsion field is a Matter field which describes aastructure of sources of all other fieldsstructure of sources of all other fields..
••In the Universal Relativity all physical laws haveIn the Universal Relativity all physical laws haveancholonomic nature connected with the rotationalancholonomic nature connected with the rotationalcoordinatescoordinates..
,02 )(2
2
ds
dx
ds
dxg
ds
dx
ds
dx
ds
xd kj
jkmim
kj
jki
i
4D Frenet equations
,02 )( ds
dxeg
ds
dxe
ds
de ka
jjkm
imk
aj
jkia
i
where )(2
1,,, mjkjkmkim
imjk
i gggg - Christoffel symbols and
)(2
1,,],[
..kjjk
aa
ijk
aa
ijk
i eeeee - anholonomity object
6 equations
Let’sds
dxe
ii 0 and we have from 4D Frenet equations
4 equations
Hereds
dx
ds
dxm
kj
jki - gravitational force and
ds
dx
ds
dxmg
kj
jkmim
)(2 - force of inertia
Upon the absence of external gravitational force the center of mass of an isolatedsystem moves under the action of controllable force of inertia
,02 )(2
2
ds
dx
ds
dxmg
ds
xdm
kj
jkmim
i
The Small massesThe Small massesm rotate around ofm rotate around ofan axis Oan axis O1
The big massThe big mass MM
The rodsThe rods
The 4D gyroscope =The 4D gyroscope =ooscillatorscillator + rotator+ rotator
Using Newton mechanicswe will receive:1. Translational equation
0)sin( dt
dBvvc
2. Rotational equation
0sin r
v
Solution:
1.
2.
constvc
)(sin1
sin1
22
022
0
tk
k
2rkB
mM
mk
2
22
cv - center mass velocity
v - cart velocity - angular velocity
2,1...,,,02 )(2
2
kjids
dx
ds
dxg
ds
dx
ds
dx
ds
xd kj
jkmim
kj
jki
i
cv - center mass velocity
v - cart velocity - angular velocity
)2/(22 mMmrrkB
constg
k
'
0Solution for gives
'
/)sin1()cos(
'
4))sin(1(
00222
00
0
00
gr
kvkkrtkk
grk
v
gyroDfreeofprecessiontimespacetkkvvc
0v - initial velocity of center of mass
Newton solution appears when 00 k
ds
dggt
ds
dxVt cc
)(sin,)(cos
dt
d
k
g 2
where
))(sin1()( 222 tkktg
Andrei SidorovAndrei Sidorov
c
c
vvr
Bv
sin
,
dtdvv /
xx tncdt
dxv
Predictionof NewtonMechanics
Prediction of an orientablepoint mechanics ))sin(1( 00 tkkvvc
0v
0vvc
0vvc
00 k
cartcart
Prediction of an orientablepoint mechanics
))sin(1( 00 tkkvvc
4D gyroscope4D gyroscopewith selfwith self--actionaction
The small massesm rotate aroundan axis O1 in opposite
directions
Spring is a sourceof the internal energy
Weels are free
O1
m
m
Lc ak
vrkLmr
B
v
22
2
2
sin1
)sin(2
sin
LN
k
vBrmr
L
k
k
22
2
22
22
sin1
sin2
sin1
sincos
,2 )( ai
k
aj
jkmim
k
aj
jkia
i
Lds
dxeg
ds
dxe
ds
de
Here aimL - external and internal forces
For 4D gyro we have
If 0/,0 21 LL we will have
where LL 2 -internal angularmomentum changesvelocity of the centerof mass
1.
2.
When 0)( jkm then 0 and self-action disappears !
2,1...,,,2 0)(2
2
kjiLds
dx
ds
dxg
ds
dx
ds
dx
ds
xd ikj
jkmim
kj
jki
i
4D gyro on a table4D gyro suspendedon the string
22
2
2
sin1
)sin(2
sin
k
vrkmr
LB
dt
dvc
Predictionof NewtonMechanics
constvc constvc
L(t)L(t)
L(t)L(t)
constvc constvc
Predictionof an orientablepoint mechanics
ω
bv
cv
Energy
Velocity of CM Cart velocity
Look films on a site www.shipov.comLook films on a site www.shipov.com
Predictionof NewtonMechanics
constvc constLvv cc )(
••Mechanics of an Orientable PointMechanics of an Orientable Point predicts newpredicts newancholonomic effects:ancholonomic effects:1. space1. space--time precession of 4D gyroscope;time precession of 4D gyroscope;2. controllable precession of 4D gyroscope,2. controllable precession of 4D gyroscope,
that were confirmed experimentally.that were confirmed experimentally.
••Results of experiments with 4D gyroscope confirm existenceResults of experiments with 4D gyroscope confirm existenceof 6 additional angular coordinates as elements of 10of 6 additional angular coordinates as elements of 10dimensional space of the Universal Theory of Relativitydimensional space of the Universal Theory of Relativity..
••The discovered properties of space allow to create theThe discovered properties of space allow to create thepropulsion system of a new kind that can move in spacepropulsion system of a new kind that can move in spacewithout rejection of mass.without rejection of mass.
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